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I  r  the  F  " .  — 

■  inidlj  multiplying  Uaaei  be  li^>   "(  t'"-  'n-<' 

which  were  for  the  healing  of  the  nations." 


HISTORY 


PKESS  OF  MAINE, 


EDITED  BY 


JOSEPH   GRIFFIN, 


1872. 


. 'V   OP  T 





BRUNSWICK  ; 

FROM    THE    PRESS,    ESTABLISHED 
A.  D.MDCCCXIX. 


1 


i  m,  111  the 

JH-f  I'M     01    I  I   I  IN 

In  tin-  ode*  at  Hn  Librarian  of  Congroai  tl   Washington. 


II  III    N  -\\    II    K 

'   i  i  >  i  i  n      .  .  .  <  ii  1 1. 1  i  -    ii     FULLED     lUMii: 


PREFACE. 


At  the  close  of  half  a  century's  labor  in  Maine,  the  writer,  un- 
-der  the  impression  that  he  had  been  established  in  business  as  a 
printer,  publisher  and  bookseller  for  a  longer  period  than  any 
other  person  in  the  State,  thought  it  might  be  a  pleasure,  possibly 
a  duty,  to  devote  himself  to  the  business  of  gathering  up  (while 
they  could  be  gathered)  the  fragments  for  a  History  of  the  Press 
in  Maine.  The  thought  was  thrown  out,  half  jestingly,  in  a  letter 
to  one  of  the  editors  of  the  Saco  Independent  (his  faithful  ap- 
prentice in  early  manhood),  and  quite  to  his  surprise  the  sugges- 
tion was  not  only  hailed  as  a  good  one,  but  a  recommendation  of 
the  writer's  fitness  for  the  work  was  spread  through  the  press,  and 
so  many  offers  of  assistance,  necessary  to  the  undertaking,  were 
consequently  made,  that  he  took  courage  and  forthwith  sent  out  a 
prospectus  of  the  intended  work.  In  the  following  pages  the 
reader  will  find  the  result. 

The  time  gained  from  his  other  employments  has  been  occu- 
pied with  collecting,  arranging  and  printing  the  matter  of  this 
History.  Persons,  one  or  more  in  each  county,  it  will  be  seen, 
have  given  the  fruits  of  their  faithful  labors,  —  to  which  they  have, 
in  most  cases,  consented  that  the  editor  should  affix  their  signa- 
tures. In  no  other  way  could  so  complete  and  reliable  a  history 
be  obtained. 

The  editor  has  endeavored  to  exclude  every  thing  that  might 
-appear  partial.     If  any  political  or  religious  paper,  or  any  book- 


I  PRE F AC! 

publishing  house,  )i:i-  oot  received  due  notice,  it  i<  in  oases  where 
he  has  applied  in  rain  to  the  editors  and  publishers  t<>r  the 
information.  Some  corrections,  with  additional  matter 
<>t'  interest,  \sill  be  bund  in  the  Appendix,  t"  which  the  reader's 
attention  is  particularly  called. 

For  our  frontispiece  is  given  the  portraits  of  the  trio  firsl  en- 
gaged in  printing.  They  are  taken  from  a  medallion,  and  are 
sai<l  to  I"-  faithful  likenesses.  For  the  loan  of  the  out  we  are  in- 
debted  to  t h<-  publishers  of  M  <  rutenberg  ami  the  Art  of  l'mitim.'." 

Ii  i-  with  pleasure  thai  we  insert,  at  tin-  close  of  the  Introduc- 
tion, a  tint-  portrail  (copied  from  a  painting  by  Badger)  of  the 
\  enerable  Benjamin  Titcomb,  first  printer  and  journalist  of  Maine, 
and  i'"i-  fortj  years  pastor  "t'  the  Baptist  church  in  Brunswick. 

iketoh  «'l"  Ins  lite.  p.  M.  ami  llao  in  A|>|>f"ndix. 

A  description  of  printing  press* specimen  cuts  of  which  are 

exhibited  in  tlii-  boob  —  may  be  found  on  page  28. 

Success  in  obtaining  portraits  of  early  printers,  e.lit->r*,  and 
publishers,  has  not  mel  our  expectations.    The  portrail  of  Luther 
Severance,  from  a  plate  prepared  for  the  History  of  Augusta,  was 
counted  upon ;  but^  very  unexpectedly,  on  search  at   the  offi< 
the  lithographer  it  was  nut  to  be  found. 

Tlie  editor,  in  closing,  would  express  his  thanks  t<>  all  who 

have  kiii'lK  favored  him  with  their  contributions. The  origin 

and  gatherings  of  this  boos  air  largely  due  t<>  tin-  Editors  and 
Publishers1  Association  of  .Maine  The  editors'  labors,  bating 
tlie  imperfections,  he  cheerfully  dedicates  as  a  token  oflove  to 

the  traternit  v. 


INDEX  OF  COUNTIES. 


PAGE. 

PAGE. 

Aroostook  County 

209 

Oxford  County 

118 

Androscoggin  County 

203 

Penobscot  County 

128 

Cumberland  County 

33 

Piscataquis  County 

201 

Franklin  County 

196 

Somerset  County 

179 

Hancock  County 

112 

Sagadahoc  County 

166 

Kennebec  County 

87 

Washington  County 

147 

Knox  County 

191 

Waldo  County 

158 

Lincoln  County 

107 

York  County 

124 

i\Di;\ 


OF    I'l  i:i«»ii|.    w-    SOW    PUBLISHED    IN    MUM". 


n  i  i  ii    mini:    i  i RS. 


Nov.  L872. 


r,    Hoalton 

Win.  S.  (  uliii  in. 

Hoalton 
Theo  • 

Weekl}  Sentinel 
Elijah  I  (itiin. 

U         .[  I  (ciiiorral 

M    •  i  Una  Emery. 

*  11  ingot  Whig  and  <  'ourier 

<     \   BonteUe. 

*  B    igot '  "iiiin.rii.il 

M  Emery. 


p  lgi . 
209         Cal  us  Times.     Si  i    \ 

<  .  K.  WTudden.jr. 

J 11  1 1. 

I:.  0.  Rollins. 


171 

i.;: 
19! 

II.) 
M 


Brunsw  ick  Teli  graph 
\   fj 

S 
1 1    \    - 
lt.li.i-'   \ 

Ban  M     I        B      di  111 

im  •     \    Burr, 
Si  •    Vppendix 

\|    rr..r  ..  I 

(•in.:.     \   Lord   M    \ 


Portland 
( lharlea  Holden. 

Ellsworth   American 

\.  K .  Saw]  ex. 

I  Sentinel 

\    B.  \utt. 


140 

..l 
115 

117 

98 
KB 


Fairfield  ( 'hronicle 

\i  Colby, 
ngton  •  'hronicle 

I.  V  I'r. 

I  oner,     tug 
'.    W.Quinby. 

<  iardiner  Home  Journal 

II.  K.  nforrell. 

Journal  of  Education,    Portland 

\    l     - 

*  Kennebec  Journal,     V 

I  Iwen,  .ui.i  \ 

Kennebec  R»  port  r,    Gardiner         103 
R   l!   Caldwell. 

I 


I 

\i    \  .  \l  li.       Lewiston  Journal  (Dingley  and  Co 


INDEX   OF    PERIODICALS. 


Lewiston  Daily  Eve.  Journal 
JM.  Dingley,  M.  A., 
F.  Dingley,  M.  A. 

Lewiston  Gazette 

Wm.  H.  Waldron. 

Maine  Farmer,     Augusta 

W.  B.  Lapham,  M.  D. 
S.  L.  Boardman. 

Republican  Journal,     Belfast 
H.  W.  Simpson. 

Maine  Standard,     Augusta 

L.  B.  Brown,  H.  M.  Jordan 
Musical    Monitor,    Augusta 

R.  M.  Mansell. 
Masonic  Token,     Portland 

*  Maine  Democrat,     Biddeford 
Geo.  K.  Shaw. 

Machias  Union 

Geo.  W.  Drisco. 

Machias  Republican 

CO.  Furbush. 

.Norway  Advertiser.    See  App. 
Simeon  Drake. 


PAGE. 

205 


207 


97 


160 


99 


99 


69 
125 


155 


156 


*  Portland  Daily  Press 


PAGE. 

63 


North  Star,     Caribou 

W.  J.  Sleeper. 

North  East,    Portland,    See  App. 

C.  W.  Hayes. 
Our  Young  Folks,      Augusta 

E.  C.  Allen,  Mrs.  E.  S.  Gatchell 

Oxford  Democrat.     Paris 
F.  E.  Shaw. 


214 


Oxford  Register,     Paris 
S.  R.  Carter. 

Orient,     Bowd.  Coll. 

Portland  Transcript 

E.  H.  Elwell. 


99 

120 

122 

83 
58 


*  Portland  Advertiser  38 

H.  R.  Richardson,  M.  A. 

People's  Lit.  Companion,    Augusta    99 
E.  C.  Allen,     Mrs.  E.  S.  Gatchell. 

Piscataquis  Observer,     Dover  202 

Geo.  V.  Edes. 

Riverside  Echo,    Portland 

B.  P.  Snow,  M.  A. 

Rockland  Free  Press 

Edwin  Sprague. 

Rockland  Gazette 

Z.  Pope  Vose. 

Seaside  Oracle,    Wiscasset 

Jos.  Wood. 
Somerset  Reporter,     Milburn 

W.  K.  Moody. 

Sunrise,     Presque  Isle 

Daniel  Stickney. 

Star,     Portland 

State,    Portland.    See  App. 

Union  Advocate,    N.  Anson 

Albert  Moore. 
Union  and  Journal,     Biddeford 

J.  E.  Butler. 

Voice,    Sherman's  Mills.    See  App. 
L.  H.  Caldwell. 

Waterville  Mail  106 

E.  Maxham,    D.  R.  Wing. 

f  Zion's  Advocate,     Portland  67 

Dr.  Shailer,     J.  W.  Colcord. 

York  County  Independent,     Saco     126 
Wm.  Noyes  and  Son. 

Youth's  Temp.  Visitor,     Rockland    194. 
Z.  Pope  Vose. 


63 


193 


192 


110 


186 


212 


69 


188 


126 


*  Daily  and  Weekly  issue. 

Of  secular  papers  there  are  sixty-eight,  including  seven  dailies. 

t  Religious  papers,  four. 


IXTRODUCTIOX. 


J_  he  main  object  of  this  work  is  to  give  a  History  of  the  Press 
in  Maine  ;  but  before  entering  upon  this  special  field,  it  seems  meet 
that  we  should  take  a  look  at  the  origin  of  the  Press  and  the  Craft. 

So  much  in  regard  to  the  general  history  of  printing  has  been 
recently  published,  that  only  a  mere  outline  of  the  begin- 
ning and  progress  of  the  art,  especially  in  the  last  half  century, 
need  here  be  given.  While  this  work  has  been  in  press,  an  in- 
teresting book,  entitled  "  Gutenberg  and  the  Art  of  Printing,"  by 
Mi—  Emily  C.  Pearson,  has  been  published  at  Boston  by  Noyes, 
Holmes,  and  Co.  Another,  the  "  American  Encyclopedia  of  Print- 
ing," published  at  Philadelphia  by  J.  Luther  Ringwalt, —  a  work  of 
great  labor  and  research,  embracing  every  thing  that  lias  any  bear- 
ing upon  book-making,  including  biographies  of  inventors,  eminent 
printers  and  publishers.  In  consequence  of  the  interest  awakened 
by  the  erection  of  the  Gutenberg  monument  at  Mentz  in  1857, 
many  interesting  facts  were  brought  to  light,  relating  to  Guten- 
berg and  other  pioneer  printers,  which  the  writers  of  these  books 
have  gathered  up. 

A  majority  of  authors  on  the  History  of  Printing,  down  to 
Isaiah  Thomas  of  Massachusetts  to  1810,  are  disposed  to  give 
Lawrence  Koster  of  Haerlem,  Netherlands,  the  credit  of  being  the 
inventor  of  the  art  of  printing,  in  the  year  1420.  But  sufficient 
evidence  lias  not  been  brought  to  light  to  prove  that  Koster  was 
engaged  in  any  thing  much  in  advance  of  the  stamp  and  block 
printing  art,  which  is  traced  back  to  an  early  period  in  the  history 


]1(  Til  P.    II.!    -  -    "1      M   \  I  \  B. 

of  the  Assyrian  and  Chinese  empires.  It'll.-  conceived  the  idea  <>t* 
movable  types,  it  i-  clear  thai  he  had  not  the  -kill  and  perseverance 
to  perfecl  them  to  a  practical  ase.  The  story  that  John  Geuts- 
fleisch,  a  servanl  of  booster's,  stole  bis  master's  apparatus,  during  :i 
festival,  and  absconded,  communicating  his  knowledge  to  hi* 
younger  brother  (Gutenberg),  seems  unworthy  of  credit. 

An  accounl  of  a  lawsuit  between  Gutenberg  and  the  heirs  of 
hi>  former  partner,  Dritzhn,  in  1 186,  -till  upon  court  record,  makes 
it  quite  clear  that  movable  typeswere  not  then  in  ase  by  any 
other  person.  The  voluntary  destruction  of  hi-  apparatus,  the 
hard  wort  of  years,  that  no  one  Bhould  be  unjustly  put  in  | 
-ion  of  hi-  discoveries,  i-  strong  evidence  that  Gutenberg  was  the 
inventor  of  the  presenl  art  of  printing. 

In  these  days  of  remarkable  scientific  discoveries,  it  seems,  at 
first  thought,  strange  that  so  simple  an  invention  as  that  of  mova- 
ble types  should  do!  have  been  made  earlier.  Bui  we  are  no 
longer  surprised  when  we  observe  the  order  of  Providence.* 
Every    thing   has   it-   time.     "Necessity  (to  human  view)    be- 

comes  the  mother  of  invention."     While  1 k-  were  made  by  the 

alow  process  of  writing,  there  were  but  few  persona,  who  could 
read;  consequently  there  could  have  been  but  little  demand  for 

1"  ><  IKS. 

'Die  invention  of  printing  seems  to  have  been  withheld  until 
the  time  when  the  civilized  world  was  not  onlj  ready  to  throw  off 
the  errors  of  pasl  ages,  hut  to  receive  the  oracles  of  divine  truth 
with  gladness. {  Aboul  the  commencement  of  the  fifteenth  cen- 
tury their  an-  indications  in  historj  that  the  darkness  of  the 
previous  centuries  was  gradually  Losing  it-  intensity,  —  the  day 
was  dawning.  The  little  opposition  that  the  invention  of  the  art 
of  printing  me!  with,  is  evidence  that  there  was  in  the  heart  of 
Germany  an  increasing  degree  of  civil  and  religious  freedom. 

•  lli>t..r*    -i«-  I)'  tubigno,  ihould  livebj  Hot  life  which  belong!  to  it,  and  thai  life 
the  world  -I l<l  I"-  Ml  forth  .i*  1 1 » •  -  inula  of  the  goTemmenl 

|  it  i>  i.  ni  .rkaiiir  li"«  jn  it  i  portion  »!  the  Brat  laboi  of  tli<-  \  <  towed 

ui>nn  the  BIWe 


INTRODUCTION.  II 

It  has  been  remarked  that  "if  Mentz  had  not  been  a  free  city* 
Gutenberg  might  not  have  conceived  or  executed  his  invention ; 
for  despotism,  like  superstition,  imposes  silence.  'It  was  fitting 
that  printing  and  liberty  should  be  bom  of  the  same  sun  and  the 
same  air.'  "  In  this  atmosphere  of  liberty,  followed  by  increasing 
light,  came  the  desire  for  books  ;  first  for  elementary  works,  and 
then  for  the  Bible,  which  some  had  begun  to  feel  was  the  book  of 
civil  liberty,  as  well  as  of  eternal  life.  A  man  was  now  raised  up, 
and  an  ambition  given  him  to  print  the  sacred  oracles,  that  pushed 
him  forward  through  every  obstacle  until  he  had  completed  his 
work  of  initiating  the  art  of  printing. 

Gutenberg  was  by  trade  a  lapidary,  (polisher  of  stones,  and 
maker  of  mirrors).  "He  had  a  passion  for  mechanical  studies. 
Not  content  to  follow  the  beaten  track,  his  mind  was  fertile  in  ex- 
pedients for  saving  labor  and  perfecting  his  work.  The  great  art 
could  only  be  reached  by  ascending  patiently  to  it  through  many 
lower  steps  of  toil  and  invention.  '  It  seems  (says  one)  that  every 
advancement  of  humanity  is  purchased  with  tears,  and  that  suffer- 
ing is  the  fatal  law  of  all  great  beginnings.'  "  —  e.  c.  p. 

Gutenberg's  first  attempts  at  printing  with  blocks  were  proba- 
bly made  at  Strasburg  between  the  years  1435  and  1444 ;  but  no 
direct  evidence  of  his  labor  as  a  printer  with  movable  types  is  dis- 
covered until  he  is  again  found  in  Mentz  about  the  beginning  of 
1445.  His  first  works  were  the  Alphabet,  the  Poor  Man's  Bible 
(extracts  from  the  Scriptures),  the  Catholicon,  (a  school-book)  etc., 
all  of  which  were  done  upon  engraved  blocks.  Had  the  invention 
of  movable  types  been  stolen  from  Koster  (of  which  act  some  have 
accused  him),  who  died  before  1440,  would  not  the  evidence  have 
been  apparent  ?  Down  to  1450,  Gutenberg  had  been  experimenting 

*  Gutenberg  was  born  at  Mentz,  a  free  and  rich  city  on  the  Rhine,  about  the  year 
1  MX),  and  when  yet  a  young  man,  fled  on  account  of  political  dissensions,  to  Strasburg, 
sixty  miles  distant.  Of  his  childhood,  says  Miss  Pearson,  little  is  known  ;  yet  some 
German  and  other  writers  draw  pleasing  pictures  of  his  youth.  They  represent  him 
as  high-spirited,  thoughtful  and  devout;  influenced  by  a  desire  that  good  books  might 
be  made  common,  and  as  having  a  foreseeing  consciousness  of  the  part  he  was  to  act 
in  bringing  it  about.  '  He  said  to  himself,  from  his  earliest  years,'  says  one  of  his 
biographers,  '  God  suffers  in  the  great  multitudes  whom  his  sacred  Word  canuot  .reach. ' 


12  THE  PRESS  OF  MAIN  E 

in  type-cutting  and  casting,  :i — I~r«-.l  by  the  ingenious  S 
and  depending  for  subsistence  upon  his  trade.     At  this  date,  John 
Fust*    was  received    into   partnership, —  furnishing   the    needed 
capital,  and  receiving  as  security  ;i  mortgage  >>n  the  stock  and 
apparatus  of  <  iutenbei 

It  i>  supposed  that  "Gutenberg  had  attempted  (•»  print  an 
edition  of  the  Vulgate  before  In-  solicited  Fust  for  mone>  nei 
r\  to  complete  the  undertaking ;  and  that  after  their  partnership 
was  dissolved  and  Fust  had  taken  possession  of  the  apparatus,  t  In- 
still unfinished  work  was  continued  and  finished  bj  Fust  and 
Schoeffer.  Gutenberg  is  believed  by  some  authorities  t<>  have 
accomplished  his  design  of  printing  the  Bible  at  a  later  period.'' 
The  greater  probability  is,  that  the  Bible  finished  by  Fust  and 
Schoeffer  in  1  155  t<>  '57,  was  the  one  that  posterity  justly  named 
after  Gutenberg,  who  had  commenced  it.  It  is  said  that  Fust, 
before  he  finished  the  Bible,  repented  "t"  his  treatment  of  Guten- 
berg, and  tried  t"  induce  him  to  join  the  firm  <»t'  Fusl  and  Schoeffer. 

Gutenberg's  energy,  in  Bpite  <>('  the  Bevere  l»l<>\\  inflicted  upon 
him  by  Fust,  was  not  l<>-t.     Undi  trials  and  difficulties  he 

continued  t"  make  progress  in  tin-  art;  and  in  1  160  " «  hear  of  him 
under  new  enterprises.  I'»\  the  aid  "t"  Dr.  C.  Hummery,  he  was 
again  enabled  t.>  work  on  a  satisfactory  basis.  In  1460  the 
Catholicon,  in  Inr^c  folio,  vras  issued  from  Guteabei 

<  >n  tin-  18th  of  January,  1465,  Gutenberg  was  taken  into  the 
employ  of  the  courtiers  of  the  Elector,  Adolph  of  Nassau,  ami  re- 
moved t"  Ettville.     He  received  an  annual   payment    from  the 

"Tli •  name  boa  been  disputed,  being  written  rational] 

l  ■     ■  I  ''mi  ill  I t).  but  the  latter  is  authoratatiYe,  •«-  hit  u 

n  the  colophons  of  hit  pnbli<  —  Madebj  Johannem  I 

Mi    '       Oncofthi  tending  the  introduction  of  printing  I 

inn  of  the  printing- 
m. iii n  il  ..I   John  '  t  for  the  return  of  cert 

partnership  «ifli  hit  son-in-law  ,  P<  :■     - 
■ 

■   ■   1'n.iii    Joh       I 

without  producing  an v  return  for  t 

a  ln>.  with  thi  •  •  'I  the  w.irk 

lown  in  their  splendid  Bible  and  the  Psalter  of  I  u>7 — Encyeioj 


INTRODUCTION.  J3 

Elector  of  a  new  suit  of  clothes,  twenty  bushels  of  corn,  and  two 
tons  of  wine.  He  did  not,  however,  live  long  to  enjoy  his  in- 
creased prosperity.  It  is  known  that  he  had  departed  previous 
to  Feb.,  1468 ;  but  the  day  of  his  death  is  not  on  record. 

The  monument  to  Gutenberg,  which  adorns  one  of  the  public 
squares  at  Mentz,  was  executed  by  Thorwaldsen,  the  Danish  sculp- 
tor. It  was  erected  Aug.  14,  1857,  the  four  hundred  and  first  an- 
niversary of  the  invention  of  movable  types.  Fifteen  hundred 
strangers  assembled  in  Mentz  to  do  honor  to  the  memory  of  the 
great  inventor. 

The  dispersion  from  Mentz  (at  the  time  of  the  revolution, 
Oct.,  1462)  of  the  workmen  already  initiated  into  the  mystery  of 
printing,  led  to  a  wonderfully  rapid  extension  of  the  art,  which 
learned  men  of  every  nation  were  ready  to  welcome  with  delight. 
Before  the  completion  of  the  first  half  century,  printing  had  been 
established  throughout  almost  the  whole  of  civilized  Europe. 

An  idea  of  the  rapidity  with  which  books  were  multiplied  even 
by  the  slow  presses  of  that  day,  may  be  gathered  by  a  glance  at 
the  famous  Althorp  library  in  England.  There  may  be  seen 
samples  of  twenty  editions  of  the  Latin  Bible  printed  before  1480. 
Here  are  copies  of  nine  editions  of  German  Bibles  printed  before 
1495  ;  ten  editions  of  Italian  Bibles,  fifteen  of  French,  and  four 
editions  of  the  Spanish  Bible,  before  1481. 

Other  works  were  also  multiplied  with  surprising  rapidity. 
The  Althorp  library  contains  editions  of  St.  Augustine  between 
1467  and  1490  ;  seven  of  St.  Chrysostom  :  thirteen  of  St.  Jerome 
alleged  to  be  previous  to  1468  ;  fourteen  of  Thomas  Aquinas  be- 
fore 1480.  Here,  too,  are  twenty  editions  of  Cicero,  printed  before 
1473  ;  eight  of  Horace  before  1480  ;  Pliny  on  vellum  from  Rome, 
1471 ;  —  while  the  superb  wprks  of  the  Aldus  press,  the  Stephens 
press,  and  Boden's  Parma  press  are  spread  all  around. 

"  Luther  completed  his  German  translation  in  1534.  From  1535 
to  1574,  the  production  of  Luther's  Bible  was  immense,  engaging 
the  services  of  printers  in  many  cities.     One  office  alone,  within 


n  'in  E   PR  r  -  -  Di    MAIM  i:. 

that  period,  printed  one  hundred  thousand  copiea    In  Kii'_rlan<l 
the  introduction  of  tin-  Bible  was  Less  pacific,  than  in  Germany. 
-  Wickliffe's  translation  of  the  Vulgate  in  1    -  aty  years 

before  the  firel  Bible  was  printed),  opened  a  religious  war  in  Eng- 
land  :in>l  Prance  which  continued  for  two  centuries.  The  story 
of  the  fifteenth  and  sixteenth  centuries,  in  both  England  and 
Prance,  is  but  a  succession  of  bloody  and  tyrannous  legislation  on 
the  one  hand,  and  of  bitter  steadfast  resistance  on  the  other, 
taring  upon  tin-  popular  demand  for  the  free  use  of  tin-  Bible  in 
the  vernacular;  and  in  this  Btrnggle  printing  Immediately  played 
a  conspicuous  part,  by  providing  the  means  for  the  diffusion  of  the 
Soriptun  -." 

'I'm;  Enolibb  Bibi  b  was  baptised  in  blood.  ••  Tyndale  nut  bis 
death  on  the  scene  <>t'  his  work,  ton  year-  after  it-  accomplishment. 
One  of  bis  assistants  had  preceded  him  from  the  fires  of  Spring- 
field; another  was  to  follow  by  the  same  death  in  Portugal. 
John  Rogers,  his  friend,  survived  to  meel  his  death  at  the  stake; 
while  Coverdale,  the  last  comrade,  reserved  for  a  happier  fate,  saw 
hi-  own  Bible  offered  freely  in  England  by  the  same  king,  Il>  cry 
VIII,  who  had  'loon in  I  bis  comrade  t<>  death." 

'I'm  Bible  ra  Aimm  \.  —  During  the  reign  of  eighl  a 
reigns,  after  the  landing  of  our  Pilgrim  Fathers  in  1620,  no  English 
Bibles,  hut  Buch  as  came  from  England  were  used  in  this  country. 
Although  a  printing-press  was  established  and  books  were  printed 
here  as  earl]  as  1639,  yel  no  one  could  print  the  Bible  on  this  aide 
of  the  water  without  being  subjected  to  a  prosecution  from  those 
in  England  and  Scotland,  who  held  a  patenl  from  the  Crown, 

In  it',r,i  John  Eliol  lia<l  printed  at  Cambridge,  Mi—.,  the 
Bible  in  the  language  of  the  Natick  [ndians.  In  1748  Christo- 
pher Sauer,  or  Sower,  a1   Germantown,   I'a..  published  the  first 

Voi      n  portion  of  the  information  oonreyed  In  this  latrodnetkn 

•■i.r.'il  rriini  the  American  Encyclopedia  of  Printing.    Oar  qnotationi  ir<- 

moetl)  from  thai  e  whowiah  t"  obtain  .i  thorough  knowledge  oftheeub- 

iched  npon,  will  do  well  t>>  obtain  i  copy  of  the  !li"  yclopedia.     It 
royal  :;*"  rol.    Pritx  (10 


INTRODUCTION.  15 

German  edition  of  the  Bible,  after  having  been  three  years  in  the 
press.  But  it  was  not  until  about  one  hundred  and  seventy  years 
after  the  first  English  colony  had  been  planted  in  America  that 
the  Bible  was  here  "printed  in  the  English  language. 

Relics  of  early  Printing.  —  The  veneration  for  the  Bible 
through  the  centuries  has  preserved  to  us  a  few  copies  of  the  earli- 
est editions,  beginning  with  Gutenberg's,  which,  though  without 
date,  is  supposed  to  have  been  finished  in  1455,  and  to  be  the  first 
book  ever  printed  upon  metal ic  type.  It  seems  most  likely  that 
this  Bible,  which  Gutenberg  began  to  print  and  which  was  finished 
by  Fust  and  Sch/>effer,  was  the  one  (before  referred  to)  which 
afterward  bore  the  name  of  the  Gutenberg,  or  Mazarin,  —  the 
latter  name  being  given  because  a  copy  of  it  (very  rare)  was 
found  in  the  library  or**that  prelate.  Mr.  James  Lenox  of  New 
York  is  said  to  have  a  copy  of  this  edition.  —  In  the  rare  collection 
of  biblical  works  of  the  late  George  Livermore  of  Cambridge  is  a 
single  leaf  of  this  Bible.  This  collection  also  contained  a  copy  of 
the  New  Testament  printed  by  Fust  in  1462 ;  supposed  to  be  the 
first  in  which  the  date  is  given.  Original  specimens  of  block 
printing  yet  earlier  than  these,  entitled  Biblia  jPaitperum,  may 
here  be  seen.  They  are  a  series  of  wood  cuts  representing  scrip- 
ture subjects,  supposed  to  have  been  printed  as  early  as  from  1420 
to  1440. 

Mr.  J.  D.  T.  of  Boston  has  in  his  possession  a  copy  of 
the  sermons  of  the  monk  Utino,  which  was  published  at  Venice  in 
1473 ;  and  which  is  still  rarer,  a  volume  of  the  "  Speculum"  of  the 
monk  Vincent  of  Beauvais,  the  printing  of  which  was  commenced 
by  Mentel  at  Strasburg  in  1469,  and  completed  in  1473. — 
Silas  Ketchum  of  Bristol,  N.  H.,  has  in  his  library  a  copy  of 
Orozin's  History  of  Human  Calamities,  printed  at  Venice  in  1483. 
—  The  public  library  of  Boston  contains  many  antique  works;  but 
the  great  library  at  Philadelphia  is  said  to  abound  in  ancient 
books. 

Among  private  libraries  we  think  there  are  few,  if  any,  in  our 
country  where  there  are  more  rare  works  of  antiquity  than  in  that 


p;  Til  E  PRESS  01     MAINE. 

of  Dr.  Talcott,  of  the  Bangor  Theological  Seminary.     I'. 
cently  favored   with  an  opportunity  t>>  examine  this  library,  we 

led  to  Bolicil  « ■  i " 1 1 1 « -  Doctor  some  information  in  regard  t<>  it, 
which  he  has  kindly  given  as,  and  which  we  here  insert  : 

"The  Latin  Bible,  or  Vulgate,  to  which  yon  refer  (writes  the 
D  tor  i"  the  editor)  i->  nol  of  bo  earl)  a  date  as  you  stated. 
Ii  U  dated  1501,  and  its  peculiar  value  arises  from  it^  l nin-_r  from 
the   press   of  the   celebrated    printer    of   Nuremberg,    Anthony 

Koberger,  the  father-in-law  of  Albert    Durer.    The  1 k  was  a 

presenl  from  a  friend,  now  deceased.  It  was  purchased,  it'  I  am 
rightly  informed,  at  the  Bale  of  the  library  of  Bom  Thomas 
Ewbank,  late  Commissioner  of  Patents  al  Washington.  This  i< 
the  oldest  book  in  my  possession  which  has  a  title  page.  But 
in  this  volume  the  date  is  nol  gn  en  «'n  the  title  page,  but,  :i»  usual 
before  that  time,  in  the  colophon  al  the  end  of  the  volume.  The 
type  is  black  letter,  with  many  contractions,  yel  fewer  than  those 
which  occur  in  the  works  which  I  have,  bearing  date  from  twenty 
to  twenty-nine  years  earlier.  In  this  volume,  as  in  the  older  ones, 
the  large  capitals  al  the  beginning  of  books  and  chapters  are  inva- 
riably omitted,  the  spaces  being  lefl  t>>  be  filled  ornamentally  l>y 
the  pen  or  pencil.  Of  volumes,  printed  before  the  year  1500,  I 
have  sixteen,  mostly  black  letter,  and  all  in  excellent  presen  at  ion. 
The  most  remarkable  of  these  is  the  work  of  Tl ias  Aquinas,  en- 
titled '  Qu838tiones  I  tisputatas  de  Veritate,'  a  thick  t'.»li<»  w  ith  clasps, 
printed  at  Lubeck  bj  Koelhoef,  I  1 7 _' .  Among  others  are  the 
Treatise  of  Albertus  Magnus,  -l>e  EDucharistia,'  in  folio,  printed  at 
I'lin,  ll7-_':  the  celebrated  work  of  Jacobus  de  Voragine,  entitled 
Elistoria  Lombardica,  a  collection  of  legends  of  the  saints,  printed 
(place  n  •  ■  t  given  I  lv-J.  and  the  Anna  Catena  of  Thomas  Aquinas, 
a  commentary  on  the  Gospels,  collected  from  the  writings  of  the 
fathers,  bearing  date  (place  not  given)  1476  This  latter  work  is 
particularl)  noticeable  for  the  beauty  of  the  typography,  the  thick- 

i ii-  1  firmness  of  the   paper,  and  the  tastefulness  with  which 
the  capital  letters  have  been  filled  in  with  the  pencil. 

M  In  addition  t"  what  I  have  >ai>l  above  as  to  the  title  page  of 
Koberger'a  Vulgate  being  destitute  of  date,  1  maj  add  that  the 


INTRO  DICTION.  17 

next  oldest  volume  in  my  possession,' printed  with  a  title  page,  (the 
Epistles  of  Cicero,  Turin,  1515)  also  exhibits  the  date,  not  ou  the 
title  page,  but  in  the  colophon  at  the  end.  The  oldest  volume  which 
I  have  with  a  dated  title  page  is  a  work  of  Erasmus,  in  duodecimo, 
printed  in  Italic  type  by  EYoben  at  Basle,  1523.  At  a  somewhat 
later  period  the  date  was  sometimes  given  both  on  the  title  page 
and  in  the  colophon.  My  copy  of  Manutius'  Commentary  on  the 
Epistles  of  Cicero,  purchased  at  the  sale  of  Mr.  Choate's  library, 
printed  by  the  "  Aldi  Filii,"  Venice,  1547,  is  thus  dated." 

The  foregoing  interesting  description  gives  a  good  idea  of  the 
style  of  the  first  printed  books. 


Newspapers  in  Europe  :  —  "  The  first  European  attempts  to 
establish  printed  and  regularly  published  newspapers  were  made 
nearly  simultaneously,  in  the  early  part  of  the  seventeenth  century, 
in  Germany,  France,  and  England.  The  first  German  newspaper, 
in  numbered  sheets,  was  printed  in  1012.  The  first  French  new- 
paper  was  established  at  Paris,  1632,  by  Renaudot,  a  physician, 
famous  for  his  skill  in  collecting  news  to  amuse  his  patients.  The 
first  English  newspaper  was  established  in  London,  by  Nathaniel 
Butter,  in  1622.  It  was  a  small  quarto  of  eighteen  pages,  called 
the  Certain  Xews  of  the  Present  Week. 

"But  the  repression  laws  enacted  after  the  Restoration  of  James 
II.  crushed  out  all  these  early  efforts.  More  than  two  hundred 
years  after  Caxton  had  exercised  the  art  of  printing  in  England, 
her  citizens  had  to  rely  upon  letter  writers  for  their  supply  of  news. 
During  the  very  century  that  English  kings  crushed  out  daring 
journalism  they  were  frequently  baffled  by  printers  of  pamphlets 
containing  violent  and  scurrilous  attacks  upon  their  doctrines  or 
their  dynasties  ;  and  while  James  II.  had  suppressed  all  newspa- 
pers save  his  government  organ,  his  successor  found  it  impossible 
to  suppress  the  adverse  ballads,  pamphlets,  and  books  of  the  Jaco- 
bites, which  were  issued  in  underground  printing-offices,  where 
precautions  against  detection  and  arrest  were  adopted  similar  to 
those    used   at  the   present   day  by  those   who  print  counterfeit 


1-  'III  I     PRESS  Ol     MAIM  f 

money. After  newspapers  had  once  gained  a  strong  hold  in 

public  favor,  however,  as  they  did  in  England  daring  the  closing 
of  the  seventeenth  and  in  the  eighteenth  century  :  after  :i 
gradual  change  in  the  British  constitution  prevented  ;i  resort  t ■ » 
purely  arbitrary  methods  of  destroying  them  in  England;  and 
after  they  had  survived  the  Btamp  t:i\  imposed  by  Queen  Anne,  :» 
long  Beries  ofbattles  were  waged  before  juries,  between  successive 
English  administrations  and  differenl  newspaper  proprietors,  until 
finally,  despite  many  unjusl  convictions,  tin-  freedom  of  fair  news- 
•  en  public  questions  h  i-  •>  •  -n  finally  established  in 
i  od  :i-  tin-  result  of  a  s  sri  is  of  parliamentary  and  legal  <-'>ntc-i< 

lasting  till-  more  than  tun  centuries." —  Encyc.  Printing. 

Tir  P  ess  ra  America.  —  -A  printing-press  was  in  opera- 
lion  in  Mexico  in  less  than  .-i  century  after  the  new  art  became 
generally  known  in  Europe,  and  for  nearly  ;i  century  before  -t 
printing-press  was  introduced  into  tin-  present  limits  of  the  United 
States.  'I'll.'  second  American  city  in  which  ;>  printing-office  was 
established  was  Lima,  Peru,  where  a  work  designed  t « >  :t^~-i ^t  the 
l»i-i«  — -t—  in  the  study  of  the  language  of  the  natives  appeared  in 
1586." 

The  first  Book-press  was  established  :it  Cambridge  in  January, 

■  l>\  Stephen  Day.  Rev.  Jesse  Glover,  who  contributed 
largeh  to  the  purchase  of  this  press,  died  on  his  passage  t"  tin' 
\ru  World.  Nothing  could  !».•  printed  upon  it  without  the 
sanction  of  the  President  of  Harvard  Colicky.  The  press"  was 
not  enfranchised  in  Massachusetts  until  L755.  Day,  evidently 
from  pecuniary  embarrassments,  soon  relinquished  his  Btand  and 
bee  our  foreman  to  his  S  tnuel  <  h*een. 

Newspapers.  The  firsl  newspaper  on  1 1 1 i ~  western  conti- 
nent, of  which  there  is  anj  record,  was  printed  in  Boston,  M  ss., 
in  1692,  bj  li.  Pierce.  The  firel  number  has  been  preserved 
in  the  State  Paper  Office,  London.  Whether  an)  more  than  this 
number  were   printed  is  not  known.—  A>  it  eane  out  without 


INTRODUCTION  10 

license,  the  probability  is  that  a  continuance  was  forbidden  by  the 
General  Court. 

The  Boston  News  Letter,  commenced  in  Boston  Aug.  24, 17U4, 
was  the  first  established  newspaper  in  the  United  States:  imprint, 
B.  Green  ;  proprietor,  John  Campbell,  a  Scotchman,  a  bookseller, 
and  postmaster  of  Boston.  The  contents  of  the  News  Letter, 
during  the  whole  of  his  proprietorship,  are  chiefly  extracts  from 
London  papers.  After  issuing-  his  small  sheet,  12  X  8,  for  fifteen 
years,  the  editor  makes  the  common  complaint  that  his  paper  is 
not  supported,  and  he  is  not  able,  as  he  should  be,  to  issue  a  whole 
sheet  weekly  in  order  to  keep  up  with  the  foreign  news,  which  was 
then,  all  beyond  England,  thirteen  months  in  arrear !  The  News 
Letter  was  continued  until  the  evacuation  of  Boston  by  the 
British  in  1774. 

"A  rival  newspaper,  called  the  Boston  Gazette,  was  established 
in  December,  1719,  by  a  new  postmaster,  who  represented  Camp- 
bell;  but  it  was  only  in  the  third  newspaper  of  the  United  States, 
the  Xew  England  Courant,  established  by  James  Franklin  in  1721, 
that  signs  of  live  journalism  in  this  country  were  developed.  The 
Courant,  under  the  management  of  -James  Franklin,  assisted  by 
his  immortal  brother  Benjamin,  was  the  first  American  newspaper 
that  gave  any  signs  of  vigor  or  energy,  or  that  was  anything 
more  than  a  dry  rehash  of  safe  and  staple  news.  The  Franklins 
speedily  became  embroiled,  not  only  with  their  newspaper  prede- 
cessor,  Campbell,  but  with  the  clergy  and  the  civil  authorities; 
and,  James  being  forbidden  to  continue  his  publication,  it  was 
published  in  the  name  of  young  Ben,  then  an  apprentice  in  his 
teens,  nominally  on  his  own  account,  but  really  for  his  brother." 


THE    PRIXTIXG-OFFICE    AS    A    SCHOOL. 

By  reference  to  our  Index  of  Periodicals  it  will  be  seen  that 
there  are  only  eight  editors,*  among  fifty,  who  have  received  a  col- 
lege diploma.    The  status  was  the  same  in  Massachusetts  as  late  as 

*  Only  seven  in  the  Index  have  the  titles  annexed,  —  that  of  Marcellus  Emery, 
AI.  A.,  having  been  accidentally  omitted.  The  Bangor  Democrat,  once  edited  by  him, 
is  not  now  published. 


Ill  l.    I  RESS  Ol    M  \  I  N  I. 

1  v-_'".  Buckingham,  in  hi*  •  Reminiscences,1  gives  bul  five  or  »i\  edi- 
>f  liberal  education,1  among  tin-  host  that  preceded  him  i:i  M  - 
sachusetts.  The  Columbian  Centinel,  edited  by  Benjamin  Russell 
from  1784  to  1^-_>;  the  Boston  G  tte,byJohn  Russell  from 
IT'.'.",  to  1823;  ili-  N.  a  England  Galaxy,  by  J.  T.  Buckingham 
from  1817  to  L  828,  and  the  Boston  Courier,  I^J^to  1851,  were 
among  the  m  >-t  influential  papers  in  the  country.  Each  of  these 
editors  entered  the  printing-office  .-it  aboul  fifteen  years < 
with  only  the  \  v.  <  e  lucation  of  the  common  schools  <>f  thai  day, 
and  gained  hi-  high  position  by  appreciating  and  diligently  im- 
proving the  advantages  of  the  printing-office.  Innumerable  are 
the  cases  of  this  kind  thai  have  occurred.  And  not  only  have 
able  journalists  thus  been  multiplied,  but  our  halls  of  State  and 
National  legislation  have  been  amply  Mi|>|>li<-<1  with  efficient  la- 
borers from  these  nurseries  "f  intellect.*  Enrolled  in  the  li-t  will 
ever  stand  conspicuous  one  whom  our  fraternity  will  delighl  t.> 
honor  —that  printer, journalist,  statesman,  diplomatist,  philosopher, 
to  whom  was  given  wisdom  to  penetrate  the  secret  chamb  - 
the  Almighty,  and  1>\  his 'kite  .-mil  hemp  string  to  ascertain  the 
nature  of  His  thunderbolts,  and  with  an  iron  rod  conducl  them 
harmlessly  to  the  earth.  Nor  'li<l  his  exalted  mission  end  here. 
The  conception  of  I'kwmin  was  still  farther  developed  in  the 
mind  of  Prof  Henry,  who  next,  1>\  the  r t i •  1  of  a  magnet,  rang  :i 
bell  :it  the  distant  end  of  a  wire;  —  and  from  this  feat,  doubtless, 
was  eaughl  the  idea  i>\  Prof.  Morse,  which  has  given  us  the 
lighi  sum  i'imn  riNQ  \i-i-  \i:  \  1 1  s;  one  thread  of  *  hich,  encircling 
the  globe,  can  send  out  more  intelligence  in  :i  given  time,  than  :ill 
the  printing-presses  or  printing-machines  in  the  world. 

Among  those  self-taught  of  the  presenl  generation,  whose 
name  stands  ou1  above  all  others  as  a  journalist,  is  the  lamented 
Horace  CJre<  ley.  The  extreme  poverty  and  hardships  of  early  life 
through  which  B.  liussell,  Buckingham  and  Greelej  pasted,  make 
up  an  interesting  and  valuable  history  for  the  young. 

'  B  m  both  held  3  i  ate- 


i  INTRODUCTION.  21 

Among  numerous  testimonials  in  honor  of  our  profession,  we 
may  be  permitted  to  present  the  following,  being  new.  —  In  a  let- 
ter recently  received  from  the  venerable  Dr.  Withington,  of 
Newbury,  Muss.,  (now  in  his  85th  year),  with  whom  the  editor 
had  the  pleasure  of  acquaintance  in  early  days,  he  remarks,  in 
closing  —  "I  think  printing  is  a  noble  employment,  and  brings  as 
much  literature  before  the  mind  that  appreciates  as  —  shall  I  say  — 
a  college  ?  Yes ;  at  least  I  have  many  profitable  recollections ; 
though  some  printers,  like  their  proof-sheets,  only  receive  transient 
impressions."  Leonard  Withington  served  an  apprenticeship  with 
J.  T.  Buckingham,  ending  in  1808  ;  after  which  he  went  to  college 
—  then  to  the  Theological  Seminary  at  Andover.  His  career 
since,  as  a  clergyman,  scholar,  and  author,  is  well  known. 

Pres.  Smith  of  Dartmouth  College  acknowledges  his  indebt- 
edness to  the  printing-office  in  these  words  —  "I  am  far  from  be- 
ing satisfied  with  my  labors  in  my  present  position ;  but,  imperfect 
as  they  seem  to  me,  I  cannot  help  thinking  that  I  am  a  little  better 
President  for  having  been  a  printer." 

The  printer,  combining  intellectual  with  mechanical  employ- 
ment,—  composing  typographically,  and  at  the  same  time,  men- 
tally,—  elaborating  or  criticising  the  written  ideas  of  others  in  the 
copy  before  him, —  often  putting  his  own  thoughts,  without  copy, 
directly  into  form, —  must  have  a  dull,  heedless  head  if  he  does 
not  gain  the  tact  of  a  ready  and  good  writer. His  hard  expe- 
rience also  in  business  life,  with  his  unrequited  labors,  quickens  his 
moral  sensibilities, —  he  leans  naturally  to  the  side  of  the  oppress- 
ed, and  becomes  the  strenuous  advocate  of  liberty  and  equal  rights. 
Consequently,  under  monarchical  and  despotic  governments,  the 
members  of  no  profession  have  ever  been  exposed  to  such  martyr- 
dom as  this.  History,  since  the  commencement  of  printing,  is  full 
of  accounts  of  the  slaughter  of  printers,  publishers,  and  journal- 
ists, who  combated  "wickedness  in  high  places."  Interesting 
volumes  might  be  written  on  this  subject. 

The  examples  of  self-made  editors  (so  to  speak)  are  given  for 
the  encouragement  of  the  young  printer,  who  goes  out  with  his 


22  I  H  I     V  R  BSS    OF    M  \  I  N  E. 

Bcanty   means   into  the  new,  rough  settlements  of  our  country, 
kblisfa  his  press  w]  roe  can  Bubsisl  bul  by  performing 

the  arduoas  work  <>t'  editor,  printer,  and  publisher;  a  discipline, 
well  improved,  calculated  to  make  him  an  able  :m«l  a  useful 
journalist. Where  the  discipline  of  th<  l  .  (or  its  equiva- 
lent) and  thai  of  the  printer  are  combined,  there,  other  things 
being  equal,  may  we  l""k  for  the  besl  editor,  the  best  teacher,  the 

best  legislator.*     It  cannol  however  be  disguised,  thai  the  ) r 

boy  po8sesse  I  of  stamina,  who  starts  in  the  world  with  a  pittance, 
earns  his  firel  farthing  in  a  useful  calling,  an  1  pursues  thai  call- 
ing Bteadily,  gaining  knowledge  and  tacl  through  severe  trials  and 
deprivations,  is  the  one  who  mosl  Burely  arrives  al  eminenc 

Though  the  employment  of  a  printer  may  be  more  directlj  connected  with  in- 
tellectu  il  development  than  are  other  mechanic  >l  trades,  ~ 1 1 1 1  ever]  exercise  of  > k 1 1 1 
in  in  mil  il  I  lImii"  ti  ■ml-  tii  mere  ise  th(  ill-  but  h  ill"  :i  man,  ami  slie 

luit  half  a  woman,  who  baa  nol  learned  a  useful  (rule-.     I'm  igth  at 

this  day,  as  a  means,  mainl]  to  her  system  of  instruction,  —  requiring  in  com 
with  her  obligator]  common  school  discipline,  I  male  and  femile, 

even  to  the  royal  household,  shall  leant  - -  trade.    The  Browing  and  permanent 

■i  of  ever]  nation  ■!•  p<  nda  on  her  obedience  ti>  this  natural  law. —  the  union  of 
in  inn  il  .mil  intellectu  il  labor  ;    the  first  indispeiu  ible,  and  to  I"-  held  as  honoi 

the  latter God  onlj  knows  how  long  the  invention  of  printing  might  havi 

delayed  had  not  Gutenberg  been  a  lapidary  j  bj  which  trade  he  was  nol  onl]  | 

cil  in  skill,  but  gained  his  living  whi 

dent  tli  it  there  c  in  !"•  no  real  adi  in  • 

aside  from  this  u Vmong  the  man]  instances  of  a  similar  kind  that  any  intelli* 

^rciit  [■•  cred  or  profane  history,  we  «iil  nan m  thai 

this  vicinity.    The  great  chai  within  thirty 

n  the  moral  and  religions  condition  of  Turkej   is  well  known;   but  it  i-  not 

u  kn"«n  tli  it  thi  to  thai  nation.  I>r.  Hunlin,  attributes  bis 

I,  to  the  cultivation  of  his  mechanical  faculties  while  n  student  at 

I  I  iwdoin  within  mir  know  - 

now  standing  higl  il  nun  (some  have  departed),  who  by  trades 

worked  theii  through  <  than  one,  m  pirt.ii\  sawing  wood  for 

fellow  students,  whom  wc  should  1 1 k .•  to  have  no«  compared  with  theii 
Would  nol  n  ted  « 1 1 1 1  out 

tn  the  world  than  urn,  or  militarj  drill  ' 

•    i  ;  brother,  recentl)  published,  is  an 

additional  and  vcrj  intcri  i  illustration  of  the  truth  of  Uiis  theory.  The 

editors  and  publishers  of  the  m  under  theii  ited  in 

I  in  Edinburgh  witl  '111111111  knowledge 

nuil  in  printing  materials,  as  did  our  Harpawcll  hi  given  in 

thi»  book,  beginning  on     igi    i 


INTRODUCTION.  23 

Tt  may  be  expected  of  the-  editor  that  he  should  give,  in  this 
introduction,  some  of  his  observations  upon  men  and  tilings  in 
.Maine,  —  some  reminiscences  of  the  two  generations  of  editors, 
printers,  and  publishers  that  have  passed  before  him.  We  can 
give  no  better  account  than  that  which  may  be  obtained  by  a 
perusal  of  the  Newspaper  and  Biographical  departments  of  this 
book.  There  may  be  seen  a  sketch  of  the  editorial  fraternity, , 
past  and  present,  political  and  religious,  —  of  the  men  that  have 
figured  as  politicians,  and  of  those  that  have  been  engaged  in  pre- 
paring and  publishing  moral,  religious,  and  scientific  intelligence ; 
there,  too,  may  be  seen  the  vast  numbers  that  have  made  attempts 
at  journalism,  and  from  various  causes  have  tailed  of  success. 
More  than  200  periodicals  have  been  started  in  this  State,  —  had 
their  brief  day,  and  then  disappeared.  Many  of  these  performed  a 
useful  part  in  the  field  of  their  mission ;  and  their  conductors* 
though  not  pecuniarily  rewarded,  probably  had  the  consciousness 
and  satisfaction  of  having  done  something  for  the  public  good. 

No  literary  or  scientific  magazine  has  yet  obtained  a  perma- 
nent footing  in  this  State,  unless  the  one  now  published  (Journal 
of  Education)  proves  an  exception.  "Too  far  down  east,"  is  the 
cry.  The  difficulty  is  —  not  the  lack  of  able  writers,  but  the  want 
of  readers.  Our  State  is  young;  the  bone  and  muscle,  as  well  as 
the  mental  forces,  are  required  in  subduing  the  land,  establishing 
manufactories,  and  in  supplying  a  good  portion  of  the  world  with 
lumber.  Our  literary  and  scientific  men,  with  a  few  exceptions^ 
have  been  drawn  to  more  central  and  lucrative  sections  in  other 
States  of  the  Union.  Our  invigorating  climate,  however,  will 
continue  to  produce  strong,  intellectual  men  ;  and  when  the  west 
shall  have  been  supplied,  and  our  people  find,  as  they  should,  more 
time  for  mental  culture,  our  ablest  literary  men  will  be  retained  in 
Maine.  Light  ever  begins  in  the  east  and  passes  westward.  In 
our  Bibliographical  department  it  will  also  be  seen  how  many  of 
the  best  preachers  and  writers  of  our  country  are  natives  of  Maine. 
Here  and  there  one,  we  are  glad  to  see,  comes  back  to  spend  his. 
last  days  amidst  the  pleasant  scenery  of  his  boyhood. 


24  THJ  5 S  OF  MAIN  E 

Lei    is]     ise  here  in   regard  to  the  advance  of  printing,  and 
the 

imim:-'\  \    PBIXTTS  --    - 

W  ith  tin1  rude,  clumsy  presses  of  the  firsl  century  "t"  printing, 
there  mnst  have  been  an  immense  number  "t'  lo  the 

greal  amount  of  work  that  :»i »j •*-:n--  to  i  -  only 

da)  w  ere  struck  off  "ii  :i  - 
Tin- tir-'  presses  rly  in  the  form  «s  - 

of  the  day.  \  s  ecimen  cut  of  a  press  -  in  1560  shows  some 
advance  in  construction;  but  i-  3  t  until  11  .  '_  -two 
hundi  s  after  the  invention  of  printing  —  thai  W.J.  B 

man,  made  the  firsl  considerable  improvement  in  tin 
inventing  one  that  »till  bears  his  nan  nktin,  <>iu' 

hundr  -  s  introduction,  worked  in  London  upon  one 

of  tli'  -  sses.    [S       illustrative   cut  at    close   >'t'  this   Intro- 

duction  .      I'    differs    •    I    materi  "\    fr» >m  tin-   ] 
made  in  this  country  (aboul  IT'.'  I      y  Rai     _• .  which  was  in  gen- 
eral use  until  L825.     Bach  of  thes  ss  •       [uired  tn 
the  1'                      side  "i*  a  dei  ••  ering  but 
half  .a'  the  form. 

\t   improvement   embraced  th<  joint 

-     i    in    an    iron    Iran  •        T     -  krioua  iin- 

d  attachments  to  the  levers,  is  s  hand-pr 

<>f  the  la'-  -  work  has  been  printed  at  the  rati-  of  not 

two  hundred  impn  an  hour. 

In  1790  we  find  the  firsl  mention  of  a  cylinder  printing-machine 

Win.  Nicl 
in  .n.      II  .it    into    aae.     Tlu> 

\  linder  press  that 
in  1 v  13  by  B  m  Times 

rinted  upon  this  in  1 81  \.  at  the  - 
an  hour,  u  wonderful  achievement. 

i  •  were  made  that  l 

houi 

:'  printing  :i  use  in 


1  IS  T  R  O  D  U  C  T  ION.  25 

the  United  States,  of  various  degrees  of  speed.  The  whole  num- 
ber of  all  kinds  in  operation  is  about  25,000.  The  machine  of 
the  greatest  power  yet  invented  is  by  R.  Hoe  and  Co.,  New 
York,  called  the  Type-Revolving  Printing  Machine,  the  principle 
of  which  was  patented  in  1840.  A  specimen  cut  of  one  with 
eight  impression  cylinders  may  be  seen  at  the  close  of  this  book. 
The  form  of  type  is  placed  upon  the  central  cylinder  —  which  is 
about  four  and  a  half  feet  in  diameter  —  and  covers  a  segment  of 
only  one-fourth  of  the  surface ;  the  remainder  being  occupied  as 
an  ink-distributing  surface.  The  impression  cylinders  may  -be  in- 
creased from  two  to  ten  or  twelve.  The  ten  cylinder  prints  at 
the  rate  of  25,000  large  newspaper  sheets  upon  one  side  per  hour. 
There  is  a  press,  invented  by  Wm.  Bullock,  a  native  of  Green- 
ville, N.  Y.,  on  the  planetary  or  type-revolving  principle,  which 
feeds  itself  from  a  continuous  roll  of  paper,  and  prints  both  sides 
of  the  largest  news  sheet  at  the  same  time  it  passes  around  the 
impression  cylinders.  The  sheets  are  cut  to  any  exact  measure- 
ment, after  being  printed,  and  are  laid  off  in  a  pile  by  the  opera- 
tion of  the  machine.  The  manufacturing  company  claim  that  they 
can  make  a  press  capable  of  printing  20,000  perfected  sheets  per 
hour ;  or,  by  a  duplication  of  forms,  40,000. 

TYPE-SETTING    AND    DISTRIBUTING. 

Until  within  a  very  few  years  it  has  been  considered  impos- 
sible that  types  could  be  either  set  or  distributed  in  any  other 
way  than  by  passing  them  one  by  one  through  the  fingers.  Now 
it  is  among  the  probabilities  that  a  revolution  in  the  compositor's 
department  is  at  hand.  We  have  seen  at  Boston  a  type-distribu- 
ting machine,  invented  by  O.  L.  Brown,  operated  by  steam,  which 
feeds  itself  from  the  page  of  matter  to  be  distributed.  The  mat- 
ter is  taken  up  line  by  line  by  the  machine  ;  the  letters  are  seized 
one  by  one  by  automatic  fingers  and  passed  into  a  rotating  ring 
about  ten  inches  in  diameter.  The  machine  must  be  seen  in  or- 
der to  gain  a  clear  understanding  of  its  operations;  but  a  printer 
will  get   some  idea  of  the  distributor  if  he   is  informed  that  the 

body  of  each  letter  has  a  groove  or  nick,  differing  in  place  from 
4 


THE   i'  k  l  -  -   in    .M  \i\i:. 

every  other,  and  thai  automatic  feeler*  (so  to  speak)  are  thrown 
•  nit  as  the  types  pass  around  the  ring,  each  type  continuing  to 
move  until  the  match  i-<  made,  when  it  drops  in  an  upright  posi- 

ti'>n  u| :i  galley,  ready,  when  the  gaUej  is  sufficiently  tilh-.  1,  to 

be  placed  upon  the  type-setting  stand.  This  distributing  machine, 
with  :i  boj  to  watch  its  movements,  will  do  the  work  of  two  or 
three  nun  by  the  usual  method.  A  gjrl  in  a  few  hours  practice 
upon  the  type-setter  (which  we  will  n- >t  attempl  to  describe)  will 
do  the  work  of  two  experienced  hands  in  the  old  way.  It  is 
thoughl  that  these  machines  will  succeed. 

Type-setting  machines  have  been  invented  of  ni<'iv  rapid 
movement,  but  we  believe  there  are  yel  some  improvements 
needed  to  insure  success. 

m  wi  i '  \<   m  BE   OF    i  •  \  i  •  i :  i : . 

The  facilities  for  manufacturing  paper  have  kepi  pact- with  the 
demands  of  the  press.  Fifty-five  years  :iur"  paper  was  made  only 
by  hand  in  the  following  manner.  —  [A  manner  similar  to  that 
practised  bj  the  Chinese  a1  ;t  very  earl}  period.]  — Across  a  hard- 

w I   frame  of  the  size  of  the  sheel    to  be  manufactured,  were 

drawn  verj  close  parallel  wires,  with  oross  supporting  win- at  in- 
tervals, which  gave  whal  we  call  water-lines.  Another  similar 
frame,  called  the  deckle,  was  placed  over  this  to  form  together  a 
shallow  sieve.  This  mould  was  < t ij .j «c I  into  the  val  of  pulp,  a 
portion  of  which  was  taken  up,  Bhaken,  drained  for  two  or  three 

Beoonds,  and  then  turned  over  u| a  sheet  of  felt,  the  layer  of 

|nil|>  ami  the  Bheets  alternating  until  the  pile  was  sufficient  to  till 
a  pre--,  which  was  then  screwed  down.  AAer  pressure,  the  sheets 
were  arranged  in  n  mw  order, and  again  pressed.  Aiter  this, the] 
■•-i/e,|"  b)  dipping  in  a  solution  of  gelatine  or  glue,  and 
again  dried  and  pressed;  the  sheets  were  passed  under  the  manipu- 
lations of  female  operatives  to  clean  off  an]  'picks'  that  could 
he  removed  bj  a  knife.  <>nl\  about  two  ,,i-  three  sheets  a  minute 
could  be  passed  through  the  mould.  The  first  attempt  made  to 
improvt  bj  Machinerj  upon  this  slow  process  was  made  in  1799 
l>\  Rol*  it,  in  France.     But  it  was  not  until  ;i  fi -w  years  later  thai 


INTRODUCTION.  27 

the  Fourdriniers  in  England,  with  the  Donkins,  by  a  great  sacri- 
fice of  time  and  money,  succeeded  in  bringing  the  machine  into 
effective  use. 

"The  general  plan  of  the  Fonrdrinier  machine  is  to  substitute 
for  the  single  wire  moulds  and  felts  of  the  hand-made  paper,  con- 
tinuous, or  rather  endless,  wire  webs  and  felts ;  while  they  are  do- 
ing their  duty  on  the  upper  surface,  they  turn  on  leaving  the  paper 
and  return  below,  being  kept  extended  by  ingenious  mechanical 
contrivances.  It  is  in  this  way  that  the  operation  is  made  con- 
tinuous, and  that  from  the  pulp  at  one  end  of  the  machine  the  rin- 
ished  paper  rolls  out  at  the  other  end,  in  almost  as  many  minutes 
as  the  old  process  had  required  weeks." 

The  quantity  of  white  paper  of  all  kinds  made  yearly  in  the 
United  States  is  estimated  at  about  225,000  tons,  and  the  quantity 
of  brown  and  wrapping  paper  at  about  as  much  more,  and  that 
about  one-tenth  of  the  white  paper  is  made  of  straw.  This  coun- 
try uses  and  wastes  more  paper  than  any  other.  Its  paper  pro- 
duction is  greater  than  that  of  France  and  England  together. 

BOOK-BINDING. 

Cutting-machines,  folding-machines,  embossing  and  lettering- 
machines  have  increased  the  facilities  in  book-binding  nearly  in 
proportion  to  those  of  the  other  departments.  It  would  be  the 
realization  of  no  strange  dream,  if  in  a  few  years  we  should  find 
in  some  central  locality  a  large  building,  or  contiguous  buildings, 
in  which  there  will  be  the  paper-making  machine,  the  type-setting 
machine,  the  printing  machine,  with  the  folding,  sewing  and  bind- 
ing apparatus,  all  brought  to  such  perfection  that  an  author  may 
engage  his  paper  for  a  good  sized  volume  in  the  morning,  and  sit- 
ting down  near  the  printing-press,  by  aid  of  a  sufficient  number 
of  proof  readers,  have  his  book  bound  and  ready  for  delivery  on 
the  eve  of  the  same  day. 

In  view  of  this  giant  march  of  improvement,  it  becomes 
our  brethren  of  the  news,  as  well  as  the  book-press,  in  isolated 
sections  of  the  country  and  of  moderate  means,  to  consider  what 
is  to  be  the  next  phase  in  their  horizon.     Is  the  business  of  news- 


28  'I'll  l     PRESS   "l    M  \  I  N  l. 

paper  printing,  book-making,  etc.,  .-  *.  i « 1  *  -  <  I  by  powerful  .-  m  <  1  expen- 
sive machinery,  destined  eventually  to  pa—  into  the  exclusive 
hands  of  greal  capitalists,  by  whom  ool  only  labor  but  inin>l  may 
be  controlled  ? 

The  Editors  and  Publishers'  Association  was  instituted  tin-  the 
purpose  of  mutual  edification,  literary  culture,  and  the  advance- 
ment of  Journalism  to  its  highest  standard;  —  having  in  view 
also  the  general  inter*  sts  of  printing  and  publishing  in  .Maine. 

1:1.  I  OOBP1  I   tlVB. 

Iii  1«  >■  >kin-_r  at  the  history  of  the  world,  it  will  be  -ecu  that  civi- 
lization advanced  by  almosl  imperceptible  degrees  until  the  age 
of  printing;  and  thai  the  rapidity,  with  which  it  afterward  spread, 
was  in  proportion  t<>  the  increase  of  printing  power.  The  cylinder- 
press  in  Europe  and  America  fame  into  operation  but  little  over 
half  a  century  ago ;  since  which  period  —  the  press  in  the  mean 
time  increasing  its  speed  twenty  fold  —  there  has  been  a  greater 
advance  in  the  mechanic  arts  and  sciences  useful  to  man,  than 
during  the  previous  two  thousand  years! 

Within  the  age  of  the  press,  this  New  World  (which  science 
aovi  shows  to  be  older  than  Europe)  has  been  discovered  and  oc- 
cupied. The  true  theory  of  the  Solar  Bystem  lm-  been  made 
known,  —  opening  to  u-  the  sublime  revelations  of  astronomy. 
The  wonder-working  powers  <>t'  Electricity,  Light,  and  Strain 
have  all  been  broughl  into  use.  Geology,  Mineralogy, and  Chem- 
istrj  have  also  unfolded  their  treasures!4 

Mmi  i  saj  a  I  h.  Loring,  in  a  late  address  at  the  Andoi  er  Female 
Seminary)  is  now  bus)  in  exploring  ever)  theory,  in  investigating 
every  problem,  in  applying  every  science  thai  can  vitalize  thai 
wonderful  aggregation  of  human  forces,  known  as  society.  In 
mechanics  and  physics  there  are  constant  efforts  and  progress. 
Science  and  medicine  have  been  broughl  t"  the  highesl  standard. 
The  earth  trembles  and  the  waters  are  vexed  with  the  application 

•  The  increasing  light  "t  w  i<  nee,  it  ii  •elf-cTident,  baa  i  reflei  influence  ud  de- 
ni  mil  upon  the  idTajii  e  of  printing. 


INTRODUCTION.  29 

of  all  those  forms  which  science  has  presented  for  the  perfection 
and  power  over  the  material  world.  The  scientific  period  has  ar- 
rived, and  science  is  placed  at  last  in  the  divine  regions  of  human 
genius,  once  occupied  by  the  poets  and  historians  and  orators 
and  philosophers  and  divines,  who  long  enjoyed  undisputed  sway 
as  masters  of  human  thought.  It  has  also  become  familiar  to  us 
all,  and  has  filled  the  highways  and  byways  of  society  with  its 
life-growing  influences. 

We  cannot  close  this  part  of  our  work  in  language  more 
appropriate  than  that  of  the  song  by  William  R.  Wallace,  so 
characteristic  of  this  age. 

SOXG    OF    OUR   AGE. 

Will  is  ironed  on  my  forehead,  not  a  muscle  is  at  rest; 

Billows  of  determination  roll  within  my  ocean  breast, — 

"  Evermore  to  do  "  their  shouting ;  and,  as  they're  firmly  hurled 

Upon  opposing  forces, —  man  is  master  of  the  world. 

Steam  inventions,  adaptations,  manufacturing,  mining  true, 

Tunnelling  mountains,  bridging  rivers,  edening  where  marshes  grew ; 

Terrible  Arctic  ice  realms  conquered,  deepest  Afric  jungles  trod, 

Even  lightning  every  moment  borrowed  from  the  hand  of  God. 

All   are  trophies  of  my  marching,  and  vast  platforms  are  enshrined 

For  the  great  but  sacred  boldness  of  the  longing  Human  Mind  ; 

So  Earth  opens  up  her  history,  so  orbed  skies  their  secrets  show, 

And  the  Heart  is  daily  swelling  with  a  more  adoring  glow  — 

More  adoring,  so  ail  neighbors,  and  all  nations  even,  feel, 

With  that  worship,  as  God's  music,  larger  love  for  one  another  through 

their  inmost  being  steal. 
Oh,  what  rapture  is  my  labor!  oh,  too  grand  it  is  for  rest! 
Not  subjective,  but  objective,  is  the  passion  in  my  breast; 
So  with  each  heave  of  my  muscles  will  material  blessings  grow ; 
So  will  Mind  with  larger  stature  on  the  vast  Thought  Mountains  glow; 
So  Humanity's  Heart  Rivers  deeper,  sweeter,  holier  flow  ; 
So  the  Central  Star  of  Bethlehem  fix  and  bless  all  eyes  below. 


Notk.— The  whole  number  of  tnthon  rftcOrdad  la  the  following  ptgei  li  i".\ 
Nomherofl ks  ud  punphleta,  1,340 

II  the  fraternity  will  continue  to  ■end  n<  Liifbniutfion  regarding  the  hiitory 
of  the  preee,  wt  «iil  tilt-  it  ami  keep  it  nil  for  t »i .*  next  historian,  w<  maj  print  a 
rapplement,  if  there  ihould  be  fbnnd  In  tiii§  work  any  omiwiorw  of  Important  matter. 


Franklin   at   his   Press. 


PRESS    OF   MAINE. 


.'/.  <  ii£anc6 


THE 


PRESS  OF  CUMBERLAND  COUXTY 


"THE   OLD   PORTLAND." 

BY    H.  Wi    EICHAEDSON. 

Ox  the  fourth  of  April,  1783,  the  first  news  of  pence  was 
received  in  the  little  village  then  known  as  Falmouth  Neck,  and 
Parson  Smith  tells  us  in  his  journal  that  "our  men  had  a  mad 
day  of  rejoicing1,  firing  cannon  incessantly  from  morning  to 
night  among  the  houses,  and  ended  in  killing  Mr.  Rollins"  — 
that  unlucky  mariner  having  heen  wounded  by  the  explosion 
of  a  cannon,  and  surviving  only  four  days.  Nearly  eight  years 
before,  in  the  very  beginning  of  the  war,  the  town  had  been 
wantonly  burned  by  a  British  fleet  —  414  buildings  destroyed,  and 
only  100  dwellings  left  standing.  The  population  of  the  Neck  in 
1774  was  1900,  and  at  the  close  of  the  Avar  remained  at  nearly  the 
same  number.  In  1784,  the  year  after  the  treaty,  Thomas  B.  Wait, 
who  had  been  previously  concerned  in  the  publication  of  the  Bos- 
ton Chronicle,  came  to  Falmouth  and  opened  a  stationer's  shop. 
Finding  Benjamin  Titcomb,  a  printer,  already  established  here, 
he  formed  a  partnership  with  him,  and  on  the  first  of  January, 
17s.".,  issued  the  first  number  of  the  Falmouth  Gazette  and 
Weekly  Advertiser.  It  was  the  first  newspaper  ever  printed  in 
the  District  of  Maine;  and,  under  various  names,  has  continued  to 
the  present   day.     The  first   newspaper  in  America, the  Boston 


Til  .'  M  \  I  N  E. 

' ;    I     u'l  was  not  bo  <-M  in  17v"»  aa  the 

n  of  Portland  was  incorporated  in  17si'>.  and  the  name 

•  the  Cumberland  <  razette.     Mr. 

inued  to  eondncl  it  foreleg  Mr.  Titcomb  had 

elusion  "t"  Mr.  Wait's  labors,    ad  in   1790 

I .  be.*     In  1792 

the   t  G  fusion 

the  other  ■  led  the  Eastern  Herald.    There 

,  17G1.    Hi  \  ■  wbury, 

elf  in   the   printing  business  :it    Portland,    on 

Icon?'  with  bis  own  hands  ( aa   he   frequently  remarked  to 
"  ;  laine.      Aboul 

id  with  no  other  preparation  than  that  which  • 
1  •  red   in 

I    be  rr- 
I 
A  l 

b)  the 
1 

\  ■ 
tied  in 
in  winter,  I 

I  I 

i  itcomb 
—  retiring    from  '  •    pul]   I 

a i  II  aa 

In  1820  Klilcr  I 

•  • 

with  , 

him.    Hi  ■  ■    '•  rrille 

a  mam  rithout  notes.    Hi 

/  ■ 


v  r  m  bk  B  !.  \  n  i)  cou  NT  35 

wns  :il  thai  day  no  party  in  Portland  but  the  Federalist,  yet  the 
elections  were  as  warmly  contested  as  at  any  subsequent  period. 
The  whole  of  Maine  constituted  a  single  congressional  district, 
which  had  been  represented  by  Judge  Thatcher  of  Biddeford,  a 
persona]  friend  of  Wait's,  and  a  frequent  contributor  to  bis  paper. 
Thatcher's  wit  was  sometimes  of  the  sharpest  and  most  exasperat- 
ing quality,  and  lie  became  unpopular  in  Portland;  but  Wait, 
with  his  usual  courage  and  vehemence,  stood  by  his  friend  when 
he  became  a  candidate  for  re-election.  The  Gazette  of  Maine  rep- 
resented the  opposition.  During  the  canvass  Wait  was  personally 
assaulted;  Daniel  George,  the  schoolmaster,  and  Daniel  Davis,  af- 
terward United  States  Attorney,  were  threatened  with  personal 
violence;  and  Samuel  C.  Johonot,  an  accomplished  lawyer,  was 
actually  driven  out  of  town.  The  vote  of  Portland  stood  for  Na- 
thaniel Wells,  of  Wells,  65;  Josiah  Thatcher,  of  Gorham,  23; 
George  Thatcher,  of  Biddeford,  21;  and  William  Lithgow,  of 
Georgetown,  1.  Judge  Thatcher  was  re-elected  on  the  fourth  trial 
by  a  majority  of  sixty  votes  in  the  whole  district. 

Mr.  Wait  is  described  by  Willis  as  "a  man  of  ardent  tempera- 
ment, strong  mind,  great  firmness  and  independence  of  character ; 
earnest  and  persevering  in  whatever  he  undertook,  and  honest  in 
his  purposes."  He  lived  on  the  corner  of  Congress  and  Elm 
streets,  where  Deering  block  now  stands.  His  paper  was  published 
"opposite  the  hay  market,1'  now  Market  square.  The  difficulties 
under  which  belabored  maybe  appreciated  when  we  remember 
the  fact,  recorded  by  Parson  Smith,  that  in  the  spring  of  ITS.")  the 
Boston  mail  was  delayed  five  weeks  by  bad  roads.  The  first  at- 
tempt to  carry  passengers  east  was  made  in  1703  by  Caleb  Graf- 
fam,  who  was  employed  by  Wait  to  carry  the  newspaper  once  a 
week  in  summer,  and  once  a  fortnight  in  winter,  to  Hallowed  and 
the  intermediate  towns. 

Wait's  valedictory,  a  manly  piece  of  writing,  not  wiihoul  a 
touch  of  pathos,  appears  in  the  Eastern  Herald  and  Gazette  of 
Maine  of  Sept.  '■'>,  1796,  —  John  K.  Baker,  an  apprentice  of  Wait's, 
having  just  bought  and  consolidated  the  two  papers.  The  estab- 
lishment at  that  early  day,  as  ever  since,  seems  to  have  been  a 


Till     NEWS  PRESS  01    MAIN  E. 

nursery  for  jounalists.  John  Rand,  another  apprentice,  issued  the 
Oriental  Trumpel  the  Bameyear;  and  in  L798,  E.  A.  Jenks, 
another  apprentice,  after  the  Trumpet  had  fallen  dumb,  issued 
the  firsl  number  of  the  Portland  Gazette.  The  Trumpet  appears 
to  have  been  a  Puritanical  organ,  with  a  distinctly  nasal  twang. 
The  Gazette  was  a  livelier  rival  t-»  Baker's  enterprise,  in  which 
Daniel  George,  already  mentioned,  was  Boon  engaged.  George 
was  :i  remarkable  character.  Be  is  described  as  ;i  man  of  genius, 
Inn  -<>  exceedingly  deformed  thai  he  had  i>>  be  moved  from  place 
to  place  in  a  small  carriage,  drawn  bj  a  Bervant.  lie  came  here  in 
1784  or '5  from  Newburyport,  where  In-  had  published  almanacs, 
as  he  afterwards  'li'l  lure.     He  was  a  pi-inter,  but  kepi  school  in 

Portland,  and  had  also  a  small  I kstore  in  Fish,now  Exchange, 

street.     In  1800  he  became  the  sole  owner  of  the  Herald. 

The  national  parties  were  now  beginning  to  take  form.  The 
first  Republican  club  was  formed  here  in  IT'.'l.  In  1803  the 
part}  had  become  strong  enough  to  support  a  newspaper,  and  the 
Eastern  Argus  was  established  by  Calvin  Day,  and  Nathaniel 
Willis,  the  father  of  "Willis  of  [dlewild.  By  a  singular  fatality  it 
happened  thai  in  the  following  year  the  publishers  of  both  the 
Federalist  papers  were  taken  away.  George  died,  and,  soon  after, 
Jenks  \\a>  drowned  on  a  Sunday,  near  Richmond's  [aland,  on  bis 
passage  from  Boston.  Both,  establishments,  il  appear-,  were  then 
united  under  the  management  of  [saac  Adams.  Mr.  Adams  grad- 
uated at    Dartmouth  College  in   1 7: »<..  and  came  t.'  Portland  in 

1 7 '.'7.  a-  Chief  Justice  Parsons  had  <• e  before  him,  t"  keep  school. 

In  I  si'"J  he  opened  a  ' kstore  in  Jones's  Row,  on  the  wesl  side  of 

Pish  Btreet,  and  in  1 805  bought  the  <  lazette.  Under  his  charge  it 
assumed  a  character  which  it  had  lacked  since  Wait  part.. I  with  it. 
Mr.  Adams  is  described  bj  Willis  as  "a  man  <>!'  fine  talents,  quick 
perceptions,  calm  judgment,  and  great  energj  of  character."  He 
was  a  tall  man,  with  a  large  frame  and  a  tine  presence,  and  was 
for  man)  years  a  leading  citizen,  lie  -at  ten  years  for  Portland 
in  the  Ma*  ichusetts  Legislature ;  and  for  seven  years,  after  the 
separation,  in  the  Maine  Legislature.  He  was  for  thirteen  years  on 
t|M  hoard  of  selectmen  of  the  town,  and  moBt  of  the  time  chairman 
of  the  board. 


CUMBERLAND   COUNTY.  37 

Three  years  after  his  purchase,  Mr.  Adams  admitted  to  part- 
nership Arthur  Shirley,  who  had  been  an  apprentice,  and  who  now 
took  sole  charge  of  the  printing  office.*  Mr.  Shirley's  connection 
with  the  paper  lasted  till  IX'2'2.  After  1811  it  was  Avholly  in  his 
hands,  except  that  a  part  of  the  time  his  brother,  J.  Shirley,  was 
associated  with  him.  It  was  during  the  administration  of  Adams 
and  Shirley  that  the  old  Gazette  was  illuminated  by  the  brilliant 
essays  of  a  cluster  of  young  men,  whose  articles,  over  the  signatures 
Pilgrim,  Prowler,  Night  Hawk,  and  Torpedo,  ke]?t  the  town 
in  good  humor.  William  B.  Sewall,  coming  here  to  read  law, 
found  his  college  classmates,  Savage,  and  Payson  (then  preceptor 
of  the  new  academy,  afterwards  the  distinguished  preacher)  al- 
ready engaged  upon  these  weekly  essays  of  wit  and  merriment. 
Two  sons  of  Samuel  Freeman  —  Samuel  Deane  and  William  — 
were  Harvard  contemporaries  of  Sewall,  Savage,  and  Payson,  and 
were  also  contributors  to  the  Gazette.  A  little  later  came  the 
contributions  of  the  Torpedo  Club,  of  which  Charles  S.  Daveis, 
Nathaniel  Deering,  N,  Carter,  and  N.  Wright  were  the  brightest 
ornaments. 

Portland  was  then  a  small  village  of  four  or  five  thousand  in- 
habitants, all  known  to  each  other,  and  the  authorship  of  these 

"Arthur  Shirley  was  a  native  of  Fryeburg, and  commenced  his  apprenticeship 
in  1798  in  the  office  of  E.  Russell,  the  proprietor  of  the  first  printing  establishment 
in  that  town.  "  He  was  a  man  (says  a  correspondent)  very  decided  in  his  views, — 
deliberate,  square,  firm,  —  shown  characteristically  in  his  hand  writing,  which  you 
will  remember  was  remarkably  open,  —  plainer  than  type  script.  He  was  blind  the 
few  last  years  of  his  life  ;  yet  even  during  this  period  he  was  much  at  his  office,  and 
would  often  work  at  the  case  ;"  setting  type  by  feeling  the  '  nick.' Ed. 

"  Mr.  Shirley  from  the  age  of  16  was  connected  with  the  public  press  ; 
and,  as  a  printer,  publisher,  and  writer,  was  successively  identified,  during  his  long 
life,  with  many  newspapers  ;  among  which  were  the  Portland  Gazette  (since  merged 
into  the  Advertiser ),  and  the  Christian  Mirror,  which,  under  its  original  title,  still 
maintains  its  place  among  the  principal  religious  weekly  publications  of  the  State. 

The  first '  Directory  of  Portland  '  issued  from  his  press.  The  first  book  of  sacred 
music  printed  in  the  State  had  the  same  origin.  The  Daily  Courier,  the  Family 
Reader,  the  Portland  Magazine,  and  the  Maine  Washingtonian  Journal  all  have  his 
imprint,  and  were  to  no  inconsiderable  extent  the  product  of  his  industry." —  Extract 
from  the  Christian  Mirror,  Feb.  9,  18G1. 


Til  E    \  E  WS    PRE  SS    IN    MAINE 

quips  :ui>1  jests  was  sed  with  an  interest  which  it  would 

mow  be  impossible  to  excite.  In  1813  William  Willis  came  here 
and  entered  upon  the  Btudy  of  the  profession,  <>t'  which  he  has 
since  become  the  historian  in  Maine  After  completing  his  Btud- 
ies  in  Boston  and  being  admitted  to  practice  at  the  Suffolk  B  r, 
he  returned  to  Portland  in  1819  to  take  charge  of  Judge  Mellen's 
office;  and  in  the  Bame  year  was  engaged  by  Shirley  to  furnish 
editorial  articles  for  the  Gazette.     I>  was  the  first  ii  vchich 

il,,   offict    of  editor  was  separated  from  tin    b  f  ti,.  pub- 

lisher, and  marks  an  epoch  in  the  local  history  of  journalism. 

Mr.  Willi-'-  connection  with  the  Gazette  remained  unbr 
till,  iii  1822,  Mr.  Shirley  having  undertaken  the  publication  of  the 
Christian  Mirror,  edited  by  Asa  Eland,  disposed  of  the  Gazette, 
which  within  the  next  three  or  four  years  changed  hands  several 
times ;  coming  back  at  last  upon  Shirley,  who  in  1826  sold  the  pa- 
per i"  Jacob  Hill  and  John  Edwards,— the  latter  reared,  like 
Shirley,  an  apprentice  in  the  office,  and  like  him  destined  to 
become  a  publisher.  During  the  interval  before  this  sale  the  pa- 
per had  been  edited  for  a  Bhort  time  bj  J.  1  >.  Hopkins; but  mainly 
by  the  modest  and  learned  William  D.  Sewall,  who  found  these 
labors  much  more  to  hia  mind  than  the  wrangling  of  the  bar. 
Under  his  management  a  semi-weekly  edition  was  begun,  with 
which  was  revived  the  old  title,  Portland  Advertiser,  while  the 
weekly  edition  was  -till  called  the  Gazette  of  Maine. 

Mr.  Hill,  who  was  a  lawyer,  edited  the  paper  himself  so  long 
a-  he  retained  an  interest  in  it.  On  the  tir-t  of  January,  1829,  ho 
Bold  to  John  and  William  E.  Edwards,  the  latter  having  obtained 
a  partial  interest  a  year  before.  The  new  firm,  casting  about  for 
an  editor,  first  hit  upon  Grenville  Mellen,  the  poet;  but  after  a 
brief  trial  found  him  unsuited  to  the  place.  On  the  recommenda- 
tion of  John  Neal,  who  had  returned  from  Europe  two  years  be- 
fore, and  was  now  n  frequent  contributor,  thej  next  ! 
.Pun'  II  ,  a  young  man  who  had  graduat  I  I  Waterville  a 
year  before,  and  was  then  employed  here  as  a  teacher.  TI 
pcriment  proved  vi  nful.  Before  the  n« •«  band  at  the 
bellows  was  known,  the  shower  of  sparks  attracted  general  notice 


CUMBERLAND  COUNTY.  :><> 

and  comment.  Mr.  Brooks  was  no1  satisfied  to  follow  the  old  ruts. 
He  persuaded  tlie  publishers  to  pay  his  expenses  in  Washington 
during  the  session  of  Congress,  and  originated  the  conception  of  the 
Washington  correspondent,  latterly  perhaps  a  little  too  well  known. 
I  lis  insouciant  descriptions  of  the  sayings  and  doings  of  Congress- 
men had  then  the  charm  of  novelty,  and  the  Advertiser  profited  by 
it.  In  1831,  the  consecutive  publication  of  the  Daily  Advertiser 
began;  though,  during  the  sessions  of  the  Legislature  then  held 
at  Portland,  daily  bulletins  had  previously  been  published,  as 
they  have  been,  since  1832,  in  Augusta.  The  Daily  Courier 
had  also  been  started  in  1S29,  in  Portland,  and  the  Daily  Argus 
followed  suit  in  1835.  At  that  time  even  Liverpool  could  boast 
only  of  a  thrice  weekly  journal  ;  and  in  the  British  Empire  there 
was  not  a  daily  newspaper  outside  of  London. 

After  a  few  years  Mr.  Brooks  conceived  the  idea  of  going  to 
Europe  as  the  special  correspondent  of  the  Advertiser,  and  in 
1835  made  the  grand  tour  in  that  capacity.  Greatly  to  the  dissat- 
isfaction of  his  indulgent  employers,  he  never  returned  to  Portland. 
Landing  in  Xew  York,  he  issued  the  prospectus  of  the  Express ; 
writing  down  to  Portland,  however,  that  he  still  intended  to  main- 
tain his  connection  with  the  Advertiser,  and,  as  soon  as  he  could 
get  the  new  enterprise  under  way,  should  leave  its  management  to 
his  brother  Erastus.  Perhaps  that  was  his  purpose.  From  1836 
till  1841,  he  maintained  a  dubious  status  here,  until  he  had  tested 
his  chances  for  an  election  to  Congress  from  this  district,  and  failed- 
Then,  and  not  before,  the  last  link  was  broken  ;  and  in  November, 
1841,  Phinehas  Barnes  was  installed  as  editor.  Mr.  Barnes  gradu- 
ated at  Bowdoin  College  in  1821);  had  been  professor  of  Greek  and 
Latin  at  Waterville  for  live  years  after  completing  his  legal  stud- 
ies, and  brought  to  his  new  task  a  breadth  and  thoroughness  of 
culture  which  lent  new  dignity  to  the  paper.  He  continued  to 
edit  it  until  1847,  when  he  was  succeeded  by  Henry  Carter. 

We  are  now  approaching  the  latest  epoch,  and  must  pick  our 
way  over  the  cineres  dolosi  of  heart  burnings,  which  are  still  fresh. 
The  decline  of  the  paper  began  in  1853,  when  John  M.Wood  first 
secured  an  interest  in  it.      It  was  the  first  time  in   its  history,  that 


}u  Til  I.  NEWS    PRESS  01     MAIN  I'.. 

.•id  owner  had  been  engrossed  in  other  matters  to  which  h< 
willing  t<>  make  the  newspap  r  secondary.  No  newspaper  can  be 
conducted  on  Buch  principles.  It  is  :i  jealous  public  upon  whose 
favor  these  enterprises  depend,  and  the  bare  suspicion  thai  n  daily 
journal  is  managed  for  private  ends  is  fatal  t • »  it—  prosperity.  It 
musl  !>«•  understood  that  the  journalisl  looks  to  the  public  alone 
for  approbation;  bul  it  is  also  necessar)  thai  he  should  seek  to 
win  thai  approbation  by  honorable  dealing.  There  had  been  sev- 
eral changes  of  proprietorship  before  Mr.  W 1  purchased  an  in- 

teresl  in  the  paper.  John  Edwards  had  sold  half  the  paper,  in 
lv;7,  to  Joseph  M.  Gerrish,  who  had  sold  in  turn  to  Reuben  Ord- 
way,  who  had  sold  to  Carter  and  A.  F.  Gerrish  in  1850.  <>n  the 
first  of  August,  L853,  William  E.  Edwards,  after  thirty-six  years  in 

the  Advertiser  office,  sold  oul  to  Mr.  W 1.    The  Atlantic-  and 

St.  Lawrence  railroad  had  jusl  been  completed.  Commercial 
strnt  was  buill  tin-  year  before.     In  these  greal  enterprises  Mr. 

W I  had  been  conspicuous.     He  was  planning  a  magnificenl 

residence  and  a  miraculous  hotel,  and  in  an  unlucky  hour  he 
wanted  a  newspaper.  Ili-  management  proved  extravagantly  ex- 
pensive; and,  although  the  circulation  of  the  paper  increased,  it 

was   published    at    a  1"--.     Mr.  W Pa   partners,  one   after  the 

other,  sold  their  shares,  and  in  1856  he  became  the  Bole  owner. 
.Mr.  Carter  remained  a  year  longer  as  editor.  He  was  followed 
\,\  Mr.  Blaine  in  ls-"»s.  In  1859  the  paper  once  more  changed 
hands,  passing  under  the  control  of  Messrs.  Waldron,  Little  and 
<  \li,.  retained  il  until  Jan.  L,  1861,  when  it  was  Bold  to  Mr.  F. 
O.J.Smith.  The  editors,  while  the  paper  was  published  bj  W 
(Iron,  Little  and  Co.,  were  Mr.  Blaine  and  <  I  .Woodman.  After 
the  transfer,  Eliphalel  Case  »m-  the  principal  editor  until  lii^  death 
in  the  w  inter  of  1 862-3. 

In  Mr.  Smith's  hands  the  Advertiser  sacrificed  its  position  as  a 
Republican  paper;  therebj  leaving  ;i  field  which  was  prompt- 
ly occupied  bj  the  'Press':  though  the  Advertiser  <li'l  nol 
succeed  in  Hiipplnuting  the  Argus  as  a  democratic  organ.     There 

was  nor i  for  three  morning  papers  in  Portland  ;and  bo,  in  1 866, 

nfter  the  greal   fire,  the  dailj  issue  was  suspended.     The  weekly 


C  UMBRRLAND   COUNTY.  49 

publication,  however,  was  continued  in  an  unbroken  series,  and  in 
1808  the  subscription  list,  printing  material,  and  sole  right  to  re- 
vive the  daily  edition,  were  purchased  by  the  publishers  of  the 

Evening  Star,  a  new  name  for  the  Courier;  and  the  Daily  Ad- 
vertiser reappeared  as  an  evening  paper.  In  its  new  field  it  ex- 
presses Republican  opinions,  but  not  as  a  party  organ  —  aiming 
primarily  at  a  faithful  publication  of  the  news,  without  reference 
to  its  political  bearing,  and  discussing  the  events  of  the  day  with 
reference  to  principles  rather  than  to  immediate  results. 

Anions:  the  graduates  of  the  Advertiser  office  are  some  of  the 
best  journalists  in  the  country.  James  and  Erastus  Brooks  have 
already  been  named.  Others  are  Charles  G.  Came,  the  leading 
writer  on  the  Boston  Journal ;  Edwin  F.  Waters,  one  of  the  pub- 
lishers of  the  Boston  Advertiser;  Edward  Haskell,  managing  editor 
of  the  Boston  Herald;  S.  R.  Niles,  the  well  known  advertising 
agent ;  Charles  G.  Gammon,  commercial  editor  of  the  New  York 
Journal  of  Commerce ;  Zenas  T.  Haines,  of  the  New  Orleans  press ; 
and  Royal  W.  Lincoln,  of  the  Portland  Press. 


Note.  Mr.  Richardson  is  a  practical  printer,  —  serving  an  apprenticeship  in  the 
Waterville  Mail  office  before  entering  college.  He  graduated  at  Waterville  College 
in  1853 ;  became  tutor  in  1855  ;  was  afterward  assistant,  and  then  chief  editor 
of  the  "Portland  Press".  Since  1868  he  has  been  publisher  and  editor  of  the 
Advertiser . —  Ed. 


PHE  HEWS  PRESS  Ol    MAINE 


[  JTir«t  tfrrss,   i;        | 


PORTLAND   PRESS— Contihi  i.k 

i;v    BON.   <  li  \i:i.l>    BOLDBN. 

I  \\  <  h  \.  :;r,i  n  the  preference  t"  Mr.  Richardson's  history  of  the  1*1  r- * 
in  Falmouth  ( now  Portland )  t  a  that  hia  interest  led  him  to  serj 

rod  research.   Mr.  Titcomb,  it  i  tablished  the  first  ]  indTitcomb 

published  the  Brsl  newspaper.    Mr.  Wait  was  probably  t (■<-  tir-t  mover  in  tin 

paper  establishment Mr.  Holden's  interesting  oarratiTe,  prepared  for  a  public 

address,  contains,  a>  originally  printed,  some  remarks  "n  nun  and  tlniiL's  whicl 
•  in  of  their  deliver]  ;  but  winch,  for  niu  use  and  room, 
abridging.    Tins  he  has  permitted  us  to  do. Editor.] 

I  [RST  -I.MI.W  l.i'kl  \ 

The  man  who  succeeded  Waft  and  Titcomb,  and  was  bold 
enough  t<>  publish  a  semi-weekly  paper  in  1 T '. »* "».  was  .I>>lm  K. 
Baker,  a  former  apprentice  of  Mr.  Wait's.  It  desen  ed  success,  but 
*  I  i  •  1  col  win  it.  The  paper,  m-  :i  semi-weekly,  went  under;  but  he 
continued  it, as  a  weekly,  till  Is"*'.  !!<■  was  succeeded  by  Dan- 
iel George,  who  continued  it  till  1804,  when  it  ceased  to  exist. 
Failing  in  bis  enterprise,  Mr.  Baker  shook  the  < lu^t  from  hie 
and  Lefl  the  town.  He  wandered  away  to  the  State  of  Ncia  York, 
and  there  sojourned  for  :i  tune,  then  t<>  Vermont,  where  he  kept 
a  tavern.  "Anything  bu1  publishing  a  newspaper  for  a  living  in 
tin  State  of  Maine,"  was  Ins  invocation. 

Thirt)  years  from  the  date  <  •!*  1 1 i -  departure,  he  returned  in  hia 
old  age  to  the  scene  of  his  earl)  struggles  and  disappointing  i 
a  tired,  worn-out  man.  He  was  an  efficient  man  in  his  profession, 
but  he  was  not  met  half-waj  l»\  the  people.  He  attributed  one 
cause  of  lii-  failure,  and  rightly,  we  think,  to  be  the  lack  ol 
read)   communication  with  the  interior.    The  semi-weeklj   took 


CUMBERLAND  COUNTY.  $\ 

well  in  town;  but  people  in  the  interior  did  not  find  it  to  possess 
advantages  to  counterbalance  the  difficulty  in  getting  it  regularly. 
At  that  <latc,  it  must  be  understood,  the  mail,  even  from  this  city 
to  Portsmouth,  was  carried  on  horseback. 

EASTERN    ARGUS. 

In  September,  1803,  the  Eastern  Argus  commenced  its  event- 
ful life.  It  was  established  to  subserve  the  interests  of  the 
Democratic  party,  then  called,  derisively,  the  Jacobin  party,  after 
the  liberalists  of  France.  Calvin  Day  and  Nathaniel  Willis  were 
its  fathers.  Day  soon  disappeared,  and  Mr.  Willis  became  sole 
proprietor.  The  patriarch  still  fives*  He  was  the  father  of 
N.  P.  Willis,  the  poet,  and  of  Mrs.  Parton  (Fanny  Fern). 

The  Argus  was  born  in  violent  times.  The  editor  soon  went 
to  jail  because  of  the  freedom  with  winch  he  uttered  his  sentiments. 
This  was  a  great  card  for  him.  Week  after  week  he  played  his 
right  bower  with  terrible  effect  upon  his  persecutors.  The  Argus 
would  appear  each  week  with  its  flaming  leader,  headed,  "  fifth, 
sixth  or  seventh  week  ( as  it  might  be  )  of  the  imprisonment  of 
the  editor  for  daring  to  avow  sentiments  of  political  freedom." 
Persecution  for  the  free  avowal  of  opinions,  in  those  days,  as  now, 
enlisted  the  people  ardently  hi  favor  of  the  persecuted,  and  Willis 
lost  nothing,  pecuniarily,  by  making  his  bed  in  that  hell  of  olden 
time,  a  county  jail.  These  were  also  days  of  danger  to  workmen, 
as  well  as  editors,  on  the  Argus  and  Advertiser.  These  men,  if 
required  to  work  late  at  night,  carried  weapons  of  defense,  such 
as 'cross-bar'  or  ' sheeps-foot,'  to  repel  assailants  of  the  opposite 
political  faith,  who  were  supposed  to  be  lying  in  wait  for  them. 

In  1824  the  Argus  was  issued  semi-weekly,  and  in  1832 
tri-weekly.  In  1835  the  daily  was  started  by  Ira  Berry  and 
Charles  Holden,  and  has  been  continued  to  this  day. 

FREEMAN'S    FRIEND. 

Iii  1806  a  paper  called  the  Freeman's  Friend  was  established 
by  J.  McKown.     It  was  neutral  in  politics.     But  in  those  heated, 

*  Mr.  Nathaniel  Willis  died  on  the  27th  of  May,  1870,  being  90  years  old.— Ed. 


2  TH  I'.    \  EWS    PRESS  01    MAINE. 

partisan  times,  neutrality   si 1   but    a  poor  chance   for  su< 

With  Sir.  Jefferson  :it  the  head  of  the  nation,  the  embargo  im- 

pending,  —  the  merchants  of  Portland,  thai  had  si 1  lik'-  ;t  rock 

in  their  firmness  and  integrity,  going  down  li ki-  rows  "t"  bricks, — 
in  those  '_rl""iny  days,  'who  is  for  Paid,  and  who  forApollos?1 
was  a  cry  which  had  to  be  answered.  The  Friend,  after  :i  few 
Mar-'  struggle,  ceased  to  live. 

QTOEPEND1 .\  r  STa  pj  -\i  \v 

In  lsJl  the  [ndependenl  Statesman  made  its  bow  to  the 
public.  A- it  enacted,  for  a  time,  an  important  pari  in  the  politics 
of  the  Stat.'  and  County,  I  allude  t"  it  more  a1  length  than  I  have 
t<>  man)  thai  preceded  it.  It  was  established  to  advocate  the 
election  of  Glen.  Joshua  Win -ate  jr.,  for  Governor  of  the  State,  in 
opposition  to  Albion  K.  Parris,  the  Democratic  nominee,  who 
received  the  support  of  the  Argus  and  a  portion  of  the  Democra- 
cy, led  by  Ashur  Ware,  then  Secretary  >'i*  State  and  :i  writer  for 
the  Argus.  Several  of  the  leading  Democrats,  who  opposed  the 
election  of  Mr.  rani-,  were  Isaac  Daley,  James  Jewett,  Asa  Clapp 
and  his  son  Charles,  Judge  Widgery,  and  others  of  this  city,  and 
Judge  Ames  of  Bath,  etc.,  all  of  whom  contributed  material  aid 
in  getting  up  and  supporting  the  Statesman.  The  political  oon- 
tesl  thai  year  was  the  mosl  virulenl  and  persona]  ever  witi 
in  this  State.  Mr.  Parris  was  triumphantly  elected  ( Jot  ernor,  and 
the  combination  Buffered  a  signal  defeat. 

The  firsl  publisher  of  the  Statesman  was  Joseph  Griffin,  who 
subsequently  took  as  partner  Amos  C.  Tappan.  Mr.  Griffin  re- 
mained bul  a  short  time,  when  he  returned  to  Brunswick  and  the 
quid  of  a  1 U  and  job  office. 

The  firm  of  Griffin  and  Tappan*  was  succeeded  1>\  thai  of 
Thayer  and  Tappan,  and,  soon  after,  Thayer,  Tappan  and  Stickney 
i  II.iiia  l,\  Stickney)  ;  and  finall)  the  whole  control  passed  into 
the  hands  of  Abijah  W.Thayer  as  editor  and  publisher.     Pre- 

•     \  Sl  ■     \ !  1  i .       .       . 

■hipal  tod  \iii  r  in-  left,  tin-  o  ■    published 

i  p ipet  il  u  iir  ilnil  in  l 


C  H  M  W  E  R  LAND   C  OUNT  V.  53 

~vious  to  this,  however,  it  MTas  edited,  at  different  times,  by  Na- 
thaniel Deering,  N.  G.  Jewett,  and  James  P.  Vance.  Mr.  Thayer 
carried  it  on  about  a  year,  and  then  removed  to  Haverhill,  and 
thence  to  Northampton,  Mass.,  where  he  died  not  long  since,  f 

On  his  leaving,  Dr.  Nathaniel  Low  was  ushered  in.  The  real 
proprietors  of  the  paper  induced  him  to  remove  from  South  Ber- 
wick to  this  town,  and  take  charge  of  the  sheet.  He  came,  saw, 
and  concluded  to  change  the  name  of  the  paper  to  that  of  the 
American  Patriot.  His  name  appeared  as  editor  and  publisher, 
and  Wm.  E.  Edwards  as  printer.  He  carried  on  the  paper  for 
about  a  year.  In  the  meantime  he  had  been  appointed  Postmas- 
ter in  place  of  Robert  Ilsley.  But  his  reward  was  a  brief  one. 
He  lost  the  place  in  a  few  months,  when  he  returned  to  South 
Berwick,  a  wiser  man. 

Soon  after  the  Doctor  departed  for  his  native  heath,  the  last 
note  given  in  aid  of  the  paper  at  its  commencement  became  due, 
and  was  paid  by  one  of  the  initiatory  members.  The  days  of  the 
American  Patriot  were  then  numbered  and  finished. 

Most  of  that  influential  wing  of  the  Democracy  which  seceded 
during  the  Parris  and  Wingate  campaign,  never  returned  to  their 
allegiance.  They  united  with  the  old  Federal  party,  under  the 
name  of  National  Republican  party,  and  rallied  under  that  flag 
for  several  years,  when  they  assumed  the  name  of  Whig  party, 
having  received  important  accessions  from  the  Democracy  about 
the  time  the  New  York  Courier  and  Enquirer  left  the  Democratic 
ranks.  In  the  first  year  of  the  publication  of  the  Statesman,  the 
Wingate  party,  with  the  Federalists,  obtained  a  small  majority  in 
the  House,  and  on  joint  ballot.  The  Statesman  was  made  the 
State  paper.  The  contest  of  the  first  year  of  this  split  in  the  par- 
ly  was  carried  on  in  the  most  savage  manner.  Caning  and 
threatened  assaults  were  of  daily  occurrence.  Caricatures  of  the 
most  ludicrous  cast  were  printed  in  the  Statesman. 

t  Mr.  Thayer  obtained  most  of  his  knowledge  in  the  printing  office,  and  by  private 
study.  When  a  journeyman  at  Andover,  in  181G,  1  remember  his  studious  habit  of 
having  his  book  upon  the  '  bank,'  from  which  he  would  catch  a  sentence  while  distri- 
buting ink  upon  the  balls,  or  while  his  '  comp'  was  taking  out  a  '  pick.' — Ed. 


.,  i  T  II  I     \  l.  w  9  PRESS  Ol     MAINE 

WREATH. 

The  Wreath,  a  family  paper,  was  commenced  in  1822,  by  John 
Edwards,  and  afterwards  continued  by  A.  W.Thayer.    It  lived 

.■ilnpiit  a  year. 

EXPERIMENT. 
The  Experiment,  :i  Bemi-monthly,  was  commenced  aboul  lv-J~>. 
It  was  quite  unique  in  it-  character.     It  was  * -« 1  i t * -<  1  by  Jami  -  V 
Purinton,  afterwards  principal  <>t'  the   IIi_rli  School  in   Portland. 

The   articles  were   all  written  by  the   members  of  a  society  of 

* 

young  men,  of  which  Mr.  P.  was  al  the  head.  They  united  for 
mutual  improvement.  Debate  was  a  pari  of  their  plan.  They 
also  wrote  essays,  and  read  them  in  public  meeting.  The  manu- 
scripts were  then  corrected  by  the  editor,  and  afterward  published 
in  the  Experiment;  bo  thai  the  writer  could  avail  himself  of  the 
amendments,  a-  also  could  his  associates  and  the  public  a1  large. 
The  paper  was  successful  and  quite  useful.  It  lived  for  a  yeai  or 
two, till  it-  progenitors  outgrewthe  society.  Among  the  asso- 
ciates were  John  B.  Brown,  Daniel  Winslow,  Winslow  II.  Purin- 
ton, < 'apt.  <  '"tliu,  the  writer,  and  many  others  of  our  citizens  who 
continue  to  this  day. 

COl  EUER 
The  Courier,  issued  in  1829,  was  the  firsl  Daily  in  this  State. 
Seba  Smith,  the  original  Jack  I  >'>\\  aing,  has  the  honor  "t"  starting 
it.  Mr.  Smith  —  ;i  man  of  fine  literal*}  tastes  —  had  been  pre- 
viously editor  of  the  Argus.  Be  was  the  husband  of  Mrs.  I 
1m  th  Oakes  Smith,  whose  superior  abilities  as  a  writer  are  known 
throughout  the  land.  Mr.  Smith  died  bul  recently,  in  Brooklyn, 
\.  ST.  He  was  a  man  of  much  simplicity  of  character,  and 
modest}  of  bearing,  almosl  amounting  ti>  Bhyness,  which  made 
dim  beloved  bj  all.  II*-  was  classically  educated  —  graduating 
at  Bowdoin  College  in  1MS  —  bul  never  adopted  either  of  the 
learned  professions;  preferring  ti>  cultivate  lii-  fine  litcrarj  I 

II.  published  no  l k,  I  tliink.  bul  In-  "Jack  Downing  i 

which  gave  him  a  national  tame     1 1 » -  was  a  poel  of  the  finest 


CUMBERLAND   COUNTY.  55 

type,  and  some  of  his  fugitive  pieces  will  be  read  as  long  as  the 
English  language  exists*  Mr.  Smith  was  also  a  man  of  the 
purest  character — ever  attuning  his  lyre  to  illustrate  the  most 
ennobling  sentiments. 

The  Courier  died  many  years  ago.  Its  last  proprietor  was 
Elbridge  G.  Waterhouse,  who#  afterward  enjoyed  a  nook  in  the 
Philadelphia  Custom  House,  and  may  be  there  now. 

TEMPERANCE  JOURNAL. 

The  Temperance  Journal  was  published  for  several  years,  by 
A.  Shirley  and  Son,  and  subsequently  by  Elder  Peck,  Brown 
Thurston,  and  others.  Contemporary  with  this  was  the  Peace 
Washingtonian,  published  by  the  Messrs.  Nichols.  Between  this 
[taper  and  the  Temperance  Journal  there  was  constant  war  as  long 
as  the  Washingtonian  survived. 

UMPIRE. 

The  Umpire  was  a  weekly,  established  by  John  Edwards  for 
the  support  of  Whiggery.  It  also  risked  the  publication  of  a  Daily 
during  a  portion  of  its  brief  existence.  It  warmly  advocated  Gen. 
Taylor's  election  while  in  charge  of  F.  O.  J.  Smith,  and  expired 
soon  after  Taylor's  election. 

ORION. 

The  Orion,  a  weekly  publication  of  a  literary  character,  and 
edited  by  our  venerable  fellow-citizen,  James  Furbish,  was  started 
and  published  for  a  brief  period  by  Mr.  Edwards  of  the  Umpire. 
These  two  last  named  papers,  it  is  true,  had  but  a  brief  existence; 
but  they  helped  to  make  up  the  history  of  the  newspaper  press  in 
this  county,  and  were  creditable  to  the  enterprise  of  their  pro- 
jectors. 

YANKEE. 

On  the  first  of  January,  1828,  James  Adams,  jr.,  issued  a 
weekly  paper,  called  the  Yankee,  edited  by  John  Neal.     It  ran 

*  See  "  Bowdoin  Poets  "  for  a  sample  of  his  charming  verses.  —  Ed. 


'I'll  r.    N  I.  u  -    l!l   -  -   OF    M  \  I  \  I'.. 

well  for  eighteen  months;  when  it  was  united  with  tin-  Bachelor's 
Monthly,  including  Sire.  B       -  Monthly  and  I  a  Literary 

Gazette,  and  published  al  Boston  under  the  conduct  <>t'  .Mr.  \ 
and  James  W.Miller,  the  poet     Hut  having  been  emasculated 
from  a  weekly  folio  t"  :i  monthly  magazine,  the  insatiate  grave 
of  periodicals  received  it-  remains  jn  -i\  months  afterward. 

The  Yankee  illustrated,  in  it-  lit;-  in  tin-  city,  the  peculiarities 
of  its  editor  in  an  eminent  degree.  At  that  time,  1828,  M  .  \  ' 
was  thirty-five  years  old.  II-  was  in  full  vigor,  and  confident  <>t 
bis  ability  to  perform  the  duty  assumed ;  and  the  public  held  t«> 
the  same  opinion.  Articles,  which  for  their  boldness  and  auda- 
city could  find  place  ii ther  columns,  were  as  acceptable  to 

our  unflinching  .-lit,.!-,  as  the  mother's  milk  that  gave  him  his  in- 
cipient vigor,  [f  they  were  erroneous,  he  retracted  like  a  true 
man,  in  the  m<  \t  issue.  Were  they  true,  as  soon  prevenl  the  soul 
«'i  John  Brown  from  marching  on,  a-  move  him  to  a  retraction, 

WORl  D  IN    \  \i  TSHELL. 

Somewhal  alter  the  manner  .'('the  Yankee,  but  more  carefully 
gol  ap,  was  the  World  in  a  Nut-hell,  which  broke  it-  -hell  about 
1880,  and  was  published  occasionally.  After  several  numbers 
appeared,  the  excitemenl  was  so  intense,  thai  no  printer  could  be 
found  in  the  city  to  |>ut  it  in  type.  It-  authors  were  mysterious 
ami  hydra-headed.  No  two  persons  guessed  the  same  individuals 
a-  it-  writer-,  [t  equalled.  Junius  in  the  mystery  of  its  authorship. 
It-  forte  was  oniversaJ  censure.     Wo  be  t<<  the  man  who  wrote  a 

1 k,  or  delivered  a  lecture,  or  made  any  literary  effort,  if  he  .li-1 

1|"'  belong  to  this  dreaded  Council  of  Ten.  Censure  first,  last, 
ami  always,  was  the  m, .tt,,;  and  uo  motto  was  evermore  faith- 
fully lived  np  to.  It-  mysterj  helped  the  excitement  Nobody 
'•""l'1  i«'H  whence  it  came.  Printing  offices  were  watched. 
Printers'  hands  did  the  work;  but  do  printer  ever  told  the  talc  of 
its  type  or  press-work.  It  was  a  finished  specimen  of  typography. 
In  size  it  was  bul  a  letter  Bheet  It-  beaut]  of  execution,  for 
those  days,  was  a  marvel.  The  printer  was  a-  faithful  a-  the 
printer  of  Junius1  letter-.     Mi-  secrel  'lid  with  him. 


CUMBERLAND   COUNTY.  57 

JEFFERSONIAN. 

In  May,  1833,  Horatio  King,  since  acting  Postmaster  General, 
transferred  the  Jeflersonian  from  Paris,  Oxford  county,  to  Port- 
land. He  had  published  it  for  three  years  previously  in  Paris; 
six  months  of  which  he  was  in  partnership  with  Hannibal  Hamlin, 
in  its  management.  It  was  singular,  indeed,  that  these  two 
young  men,  connected  in  business  in  a  small  interior  town  in 
Maine,  should  meet  years  afterward  in  the  capital  of  the  nation, 
—  one  having  filled  the  place  of  Vice-President  of  the  United 
.States,  and  the  other  that  of  Post-master  General. 

Mr.  King's  paper  was  a  weekly,  and  took  the  Democratic  side. 
It  was  published  for  several  years  with  a  good  degree  of  success, 
when  Mr.  King,  finding  more  congenial  pursuits,  removed  to 
Washington,  and  the  paper  ceased  to  be  issued;  but  from  its 
ashes  sprung  the  Standard,  weekly,  by  John  F.Hartley, —  since 
Assistant  Secretary  of  the  United  States.  This  paper  was  also 
weekly  and  Democratic.  It  was  continued  but  a  year  or  so,  when 
Mr.  Hartley  removed  to  Washington,  and  the  paper  expired. 
PORTLAND  TRIBUNE. 

[  In  1841  D.  C.  Colesworthy  commenced  the  Portland  Tribune, 
a  literary  weekly,  in  quarto  form,  which  he  continued  to  edit  and 
publish  for  over  four  years.  Among  his  contributors  were  John 
Neal,  who  wrote  largely  for  its  columns,  William  Cutter,  Na- 
thaniel Deering,  Mrs.  E.  Oakes  Smith,  S.  B.  Beckett,  Charles 
Holden,  J.  W.  Mighels,  G.  W.  Light,  G.  A.  Bailey,  and  several 
others.  The  Tribune  prospered, — was  highly  complimented  by 
the  press,  and  many  of  its  original  articles  were  extensively  copi- 
ed. Several  were  reprinted  in  English  publications.  In  1845  the 
Tribune  was  sold  to  John  Edwards,  and  united  with  the  Portland 

Urn]  lire.]* 

WORKINGMAN'S  ADVOCATE. 

About  1835  the  Working-man's  Advocate  took  the  field.  It 
was  edited  by  Dr.  C.  II.  P.  McLellan,  and  published  by  Day  and 
Sumner.     A  party   had   arisen,  composed   of  workingmen,  and 

*  All   matter  inclosed  with  brackets    is   gathered  from  sources  outside   of  the 
history  given  by  Mr.  Holden. 


t:i  ::   N  EWS  PF  i.  5S  OF  MAINE. 

advocating  their  interests.  This  paper  was  its  organ.  It  was 
political  'm  it>  character,  and  supported  Judge  McLean  for  the 
Presidency.  It  was  :i  great  annoyance  \><  the  two  political  par- 
tie —  :i>  it  sought  to  build  up  a  third  party  from  the  laboring  men 
of  each,  and  thus  obtain  political  power  and  a  Bhare  of  the  offices. 
It  had  its  nominees  for  Representatives  and  other  offices,  and  for 
:i  time  it  looked  as  though  something  would  come  of  it.  But,  like 
many  a  scheme  to  form  a  third  party,  it  passed  away  a  year  after 
it>  birth, and  ii-  subscribers  were  transferred  to  the  Daily  Courier. 

TRANS4  KlI'T. 

In  April,  lv:;T,  a  newspaper  came  into  life  in  this  city  that 
was  t'»  exercise  a  wide  influence  throughout  the  State,  and  to 
reach  a  high  point  of  success.  I  allude  t"  the  Portland  Tran- 
Bcript.  Charles  P.  Qsley  has  the  honor  of  ushering  thi-  Bheet 
into  existence.  It  was  edited  and  published  by  Sir.  Haley  for  a 
while  iii  quarto  form.*  It  was  in  the  hands  "t'  Newell  A-  I 
for  a  time,  —  had  previously  been  published  by  Short  and  Pennell, 
and  also  by  II.  W.  Deering.  In  February,  1845,  Win.  BL  Jerris 
bought  it  of  Mr.  Foster,  —  also  the  remains  of  the  American.  Be 
continued  it  till  October,  1846,  when  he  Bold  <>nt  to  S.  II.  I 
worthy,  who   put   it   in  folio  form,  and  subsequently  sold  it   to 

■  Mr  Halt  perwithont  -      -     Be  bad  charge  of  it 

■dim  fen  yean.    The  Eclectic,  published  by  l£dwin  Plnnuner  for  four  71 
neatly  printed  paper,  wu  also  edited  bj  .Mr.  Usley. 

The  Portland  Daily  Tim  a  189        Mr.  luley.    It  wia  theylrsf  daily 

wiornmg  paper  published  in  Portland.    Th(    \  Advertiser  were  then  evening 

paperi  ■.  but  >i>.m  after  the  Tunes  appeared  the)  came  oul  in  the  morning.     After  the 
comment  ement  of  the  Transcript,  the  Times  changed  its  name  to  the  Portlander, 
the  latter  receiving    1  portion  of  its  matter  from  the  Transcript.    Th)     I 
Portlander  »ito  what  ir.-  called  '  penny  '  papers,  havi 

In    1869  Samuel   S.  Staxbird   issued    1  daily    penny   piper  called    tl       I 
Courier,  of  which  Mr.  Ilaley  was  editor.     After    •  '  ids  and 

■ml    Advertiser. 
TIm  1                                              •  r  published  in  Portland   called  tl  • 
si. in.!                                 mi     ..      it  «  i»  devoted  to  Nativi     \    ei         un,  and 
lime;  bat  owing  t"  untoward  ■  in  went 

under,  and  onl)  one  volume  of  the  p  Ed 


V  0  M  B  R  R  L  A  N  D   C  O  U  N  T  \  .  59 

Erastus  E.  Gould  (a  graduate  of  the  Argus  office)  in  1848.  Mr. 
Gould  returned  the  paper  to  its  original  shape  of  quarto,  carried 
it  on  about  six  months,  when  Edward  II.  Elwell  made  his  bow  to 
the  public  as  one  of  its  editors  and  proprietors,  Elwell  and  Ed- 
win Plummer  had  been  publishing  the  Northern  Pioneer,  a  weekly 
literary  paper,  started  by  them  in  July,  1848.  Sixteen  numbers 
■were  issued,  when  Plummer  sold  to  Elwell,  who  united  the 
Pioneer  with  the  Transcript.  The  paper  was  then  published  by 
them  under  the  firm  of  Elwell  and  Co.  Mr.  Gould  remained  with 
the  paper  till  his  death,  ten  or  twelve  years  since.  Subsequently 
the  Eclectic  was  united  with  the  Transcript,  which  brought  in 
Messrs.  Pickard  and  Weston.  It  was  then  published  by  Elwell, 
Pickard  and  Co.  Mr.  Weston  in  1860  sold  to  Charles  Pickard. 
The  firm  remained  the  same  —  embracing  Messrs.  Elwell  and  the 
"brothers  S.  T,  and  C.  W.  Pickard. 

The  Transcript  has  reached  a  well-deserved  rank  among  the 
literary  papers  of  the  country,  by  the  patient  assiduity  and  well- 
trained  ability  of  its  proprietors.  Faithful  to  good  principles  and 
the  best  interests  of  the  State,  it  is  received  and  appreciated  by 
thousands  of  families,  to  whom  it  is  a  most  valuable  auxiliary  in 
the  education  of  the  rising  generation :  giving  tone  and  vigor  to 
the  essential  elements  which  are  the  bulwarks  of  the  country.  Its 
subscription  list  has  reached  a  point  surpassing  any  other  in  the 
State  by  thousands.     Its  circulation  is  now,  '71,  about  17,000. 

YANKEE    FARMER. 

The  Yankee  Farmer,  by  S.  W.  Cole,  was  brought  from  Cor- 
nish to  Portland  about  1836,  and  after  publishing  it  here  for  sev- 
eral years,  he  removed  it  to  Boston,  and  united  it  with  the  New 
England  Fanner. 

PLEASURE  BOAT. 

Some  years  ago  a  cynical  paper  appeared  in  the  city,  styled 
the  Pleasure  Boat.  Jere.  Hacker,  a  Friend,  was  its  owner  and 
manager.  It  was  continued  through  several  volumes.  It  dealt 
with  great  severity  with  what  it  claimed  to  be  abuses  in  the  re- 


Til  I.    \  EWS    PRESS  »>|     M  \  I  m:. 

Ugious,  political,  and  moral  customs  of  Bociety.  Backer  had 
no  'i\il  words  to  spare  for  any  man  or  cause  thai  'li-l  not  put 
their  <>ars  through  tin-  rowlocks  of  lii-  Boat.  It  Bailed  on  a 
turbulenl  Bea.  .Many  were  the  cursings  this  Broadbrim  received 
from  those  he  had  offended.  [II<-  listened  with  great  patience 
through  his  ear  trumpet  (he  was  very  deaf )  to  all  complainants 
who  approached  him ;  but  continued  straighl  on  his  course.  Al- 
though a  man  ..t'  powerful  muscular  frame,  In-  was,  in  person, 
strictly  noncombatant,  being  mild  ami  affable  in  his  demeanor. 
The  paper  had  a  large  circulation  until  the  commencement  of  the 
war  of  the  Rebellion.  Hi- plain  speech  at  this  time,  in  condem- 
nation "fall  military  movements,  gave  such  offense  as  t<>  check 
the  progress  of  bis  boat  in  these  waters,  and  he  removed  it  to  \  . 
Jersey,  where  he  rowed  it  for  a  time;  bul  at  last  it  foundered. 
II<-  published  a  paper  for  a  time  onder  the  fit K •  'Chariot  <<\' 
Love.'  In  this  Chariot  he  doubtless  rode  more  at  ease,  and  in  the 
u  a\  of  greater  usefulness.    Before  he  became  deaf^hcw  as  asm 

fill  bcI 1-teacher.     He  is  uow  engaged  in  tilling  the  earth,  which 

\\«'  trust  he  finds  an  equally  genial  employment.     Mr.  Hacker  is 
a  native  of  Brunswick. —  Efl.1 

POl  II'H   \l     NOSTR1  M. 

I  oughl  nol  to  forgel  thai  nondescripl  of  party  papers,  the 
Political  Nostrum,  thai  shoved  its  ugly  phiz  above  tile  muddy 
waters  which  inclosed  it,  somewhere  between  ls.".">  and  '40.  The 
Nostrum  was  a  child  <>i"  man)  fathers,  not  one  of  whom  dared  u> 
affix  lii-  name  tn  it.  It  emanated  from  the  faction  of  the  Demo- 
cratic party,  known  then  as  the  l  Mormons,'  and  afterwards  as  the 
'Wil«l  Cats.'  Its  disorder  was  an  incessant  craving  for  office,  a 
t -. •  1 1 1 1 1 1 •  •  1 1  complaint  from  thai  daj  t"  the  present.  It  was  personal 
to  the  extreme,  and  nobody  in  the  majority,  of  any  prominence, 
n as  -pan. I. 

\  trick  successfully  played  upon  the  Nostrum  was  very  repre- 
hensible. After  tin'  form  u;h  made  up  and  the  workmen  were 
at  dinner,  some  typo  stole  in  and  made  sad  changes  in  the  read- 
if  some  of  the  articles,     The  authors  were  made  t>>  abuse 


CUMBERLAND  COUNTY.  Gt 

themselves.     The  edition  was  struck  off  and  circulated  before  it 
was  discovered. 

JOURNAL  OF  REFORM. 

[In  1836  and  '37  D.  C.  Colesworthy  published  the  Journal  of 
Reform,  a  paper  devoted  chiefly  to  Temperance  and  Anti-slavery. 
It  was  the  first  paper  published  in  the  State  devoted  wholly  to 
those  interests.  Among  the  contributors  to  this  paper  was  John 
A.  Andrew,  the  recent  efficient  and  popular  Governor  of  Massa- 
chusetts, who  at  this  time  was  a  member  of  Bowdoin  College.  It 
was  through  his  connection  with  this  paper,  undoubtedly,  that 
Mr.  Andrew  caught  that  flame  of  intense  hatred  to  slavery,  which 
characterized  his  future  life.] 

YOUTH'S  MONITOR. 
[The  Youth's  Monitor,  a  children's  paper,  was  commenced  by 
D.  C.  Colesworthy  in  1839  or  '40,  and  continued  about  two  years.] 

ARGUS   REVIVED. 

In  1839  appeared  a  paper  called  the  Argus  Revived.  It  was 
got  up  by  some  disaffected  politicians,  and  was  started  unques- 
tionably to  displace  the  old  Argus  in  the  affections  of  the  people. 
But  the  startled  Democracy  of  the  State  saw  through  its  sham 
disguise.  They  indignantly  aroused  with  the  stem  interrogations, 
*  Is  the  king  dead  ?  Is  the  throne  vacant  ?'  And  this  '  Argus  re- 
vived,' this  pretender  to  the  throne,  after  struggling  for  life  for 
two  years,  went  to  the  block  and  perished.* 

EASTERN  FARMER. 
The  Eastern  Farmer,  an  agricultural  paper,  issued  in  1841,  was 
published  for  some  time.     Ira  Berry  printed  it,  and  F.  O.  J.  Smith 
was  its  editor. 

*  Ira  Berry,  who  was  the  publisher  of  this  paper,  received  his  printer's  diploma  at 
the  office  of  John  Mann,  of  Dover,  N.  H.,  in  1822.  In  1831  he  was  a  partner  with 
F.  O.  J.  Smith,  in  the  publication  of  the  Age  at  Augusta.  In  1834  to  '37,  he  was  con- 
nected with  the  Eastern  Argus. 

Mr.  Berry  was  also  concerned  in  the  publication  of  the  Amulet,  Eastern  Farmer, 
Gospel  Banner,  and  Norway  Advertiser.  In  1853  he  opened  a  book  and  job  office  in 
Portland,  which  (latterly  in  the  name  of  his  son,  Stephen  Berry)  has  been  continued 
to  the  present  day.  —  Ed. 


f.-j  T  II  I.    NEWS    PRESS   "I     M  \  I  N  E. 

GENII  S. 

The  city  lia<  u<>\  been  entirely  devoid  of  humorous  publica- 
tions. Who  do  tolled  the  Genius,  by  Josiah  Lord  Thomas 

—  wliicli,  in  BeveraJ  Bhapes  and  divers  m Is,  amused  the  town 

for  many  years.  The  editor  himself,  with  true  democratic  sim- 
plicity, distributed  the  paper  to  his  patrons,  and  received  in  return 
whatever  they  pleased  t<>  -_riw  him.  Editor  and  paper  are  num- 
bered with  the  thingsthal  wen-;  l.ut  its  harmless  vagaries, and 
accidental  flashes  of  wit  and  humor,  are  -till  remembered  by  the 
older  inhabitants  <>f  the  city. 

[  THE  PORTLAND  DA1L1    EXPRESS 

1  raed  by  I).  ('.  Colesworthy  in  l^H,  was  continued  less  than 
a  year.  The  population  of  Portland  a1  thai  time  was  not  sufficient 
to  Bupporl  three  daily  papers.  The  dailies  from  the  Advertiser 
and  Ailtik  offices  had  been  previously  established.  The  Express 
advocated  the  claims  of  Henry  Clay  for  the  presidency.  John 
Neal  contributed  many  able  arti<  lea  to  it-  columns.] 

AMERICAN. 

The  American  made  its  appearance  about  1860.  This  was  a 
Daily,  and  Democratic  Democracy  was  in  the  ascendancy  in  the 
State  then;  and  all  these  luminaries,  as  they  broke  their  >lu'lls 
and  struggled  into  the  light,  worshipped  al  this  altar.  The  Amer- 
ican basked  in  the  sun  of  Democracy  and  the  bankrupt  law.  The 
advertising  was  the  tall  clover  in  which  it  fattened.  When  that 
it  oflj  schilling  frost  nipped  the  concern  in  it-  childhood, 
and  it  followed  the  long  funeral  procession  <>f  the  departed  news- 
papers in  ( Cumberland  count] . 

STATE  "i    M  mm: 

The  State  of  Blaine  (daily,  tri-weekly  and  weekly)  was  com- 
menced in  July,  1858,  bj  May  and  Marble,  who  removed  the 
Northern  Light  from  HalloweU  <>n  the  invitation  of  John  II 
R  freeing  to  furnish  the  money ;  the  editorial  control 

bo  i"'  assumed  bj   John  A.  Poor.    Mr,  Wood  having  bought  ■ 


CUMBERLAND   COUNTY.  (J3 

controlling  interest  in  the  Advertiser,  he  abandoned  the  State  of 
Maine.  Mr.  Poor  then  took  eontrol  of  the  paper,  and  conducted 
it  till  May,  1859 ;  when  he  purchased  the  Advertiser  of  Mr.  Wood, 
and  with  Waldron  and  Little  as  partners,  united  the  two  in  one. 
The  State  of  Maine  was  Whig  in  politics,  but  was  largely  devoted 
to  developing  the  resources  of  our  State. 

PORTLAND  DAILY  PRESS. 

The  Portland  Daily  Press  was  established  in  June,  1862,  by  J. 
T.  Gilman,  Joseph  B.  Hall  and  Newell  A.  Foster.  It  at  once  took 
the  front  rank  among  the  Republican  papers  of  the  State,  and  has 
maintained  that  position  with  great  ability  ever  since.  Comments, 
however,  are  not  necessary,  upon  this  paper,  as  its  large  circula- 
tion, both  daily  and  weekly,  shows  in  what  estimation  it  is  held  by 
the  people  of  the  State. 

OBSERVER. 

In  1864  another  mystery  appeared,  in  the  Observer,  printed 
and  published  in  Portland  by  Stephen  Berry.  Price  10  cents. 
No  editor  was  avowed,  but  the  Latin  quotations  were  numerous 
and  apt.  Its  style  was  respectable,  and  its  form  resembled  the 
Nation.     It  was  satirical  and  dyspeptic. 

RIVERSIDE  ECHO. 

The  Riverside  Echo  was  established,  in  1866,  for  the  defence 
and  promulgation  of  Temperance,  and  is  the  organ,  particularly, 
of  the  prohibitionists.  It  is  an  able  defender  of  the  cause.  Rev. 
J.  E.  C.  Sawyer  is  the  editor.     It  is  published  by  an  association. 

There  are  a  few  newspapers  yet  unnamed,  whose  history  has 
come  to  my  knowledge.  There  was  an  effort  made  in  the  Legis- 
lature about  1835,  to  legalize  a  State  Bank.  It  was  introduced  by 
a  member  from  the  eastern  part  of  the  State ;  but  it  failed.  But 
the  gentlemen  interested  in  it  were  not  willing  to  give  it  up. 
They  raised  funds  and  established  a  paper  in  this  city,  whose  lead- 
ing text  was,  the  establishment  of  a  State  Bank.  It  was  printed 
about  a  year.     There  was  no  list  of  subscribers,  but  the  paper  was 


t;  I  'I'll  r.    N  r.  W  -    P  R  I.  3S   0  f    MAIN  I". 

scattered  broadcasl   to  indoctrinate  the  people  with  this  theory. 
'I'lir  measure  was  qoI  successful. 


R  ELIQ  [OUS    N  KW  9PA  PERS. 

[  have  thonghl  it  besl  to  group  .-ill  the  religious  papers  to- 
gether. Notwithstanding  the  numerous  political  and  other  news- 
papers tli.it  have  been  issued,  struggled  mi  for  :t  time,  and  died,  or 
still  live,  the  religious  press  has  been  well  cared  for  in  this  city 
within  the  last  half  century.  It  early  received  tin'  careful  atten- 
tion of  its  Leading  men  in  the  various  denominations,  and  has 
almost  universally  Itch  well  supported. 

CHRIST!  W  MIRROR. 

[The  Christian  Mirror  was  established  in  Portland,  August, 
ls-j-j.  [t  was  one  of  the  pioneers  of  the  Religious  press.  With 
the  exception  of  three  omissions,  in  consequence  of  fires,  the 
Christian  Mirror  has  been  uninterruptedly  issued  weekh  for 
nearly  half  a  century !  Nol  many  papers  in  the  land  —  none  in 
tin'  State,  "i"  like  age— have  had  fewer  editorial  or  proprietorial 
changes. 

I  'mil  tin'  late  ch  il  \\  ar,  the  Mirror  was  — * •  1 1 1  \<>  every  State  in 
the  Union,  t<»  the  countries  of  Europe,  and  t"  the  isles  of  the  sea 
wherever  missionaries  have  LC"nr.  Orders  have  been  received 
from  Turkey  for  articles  which  came  t"  tin'  knowledge  of  parties 
there  from  advertisements  in  the  Mirror. 

This  paper  traces  its  origin  t<>  a  little  band  of  praying  Chris- 
tians, members  <'f  Dr.  Payson's  church.  Rev.  Asa  Eland,  of 
Gorham,  was  the  firel  editor.  He  is  still  (1871)  enjoying  a  ripe  old 
age  at  Ashburnham,  Ma--.*  Me  occupied  tin-  editorial  charge  most 
acceptably  for  several  years.  He  was  a  discriminating  reasoner; 
ami  during  the  transition  Btate  from  Unitarian  tendencies  t"  stricl 
K\  angelical  \  ioM  a,  he  managed  the  religious  discussions  u  ith  greal 
moderation  and  to  christian  edification,  [lev.  John  I..  Parkhurst, 
of  Ringe,  \.  H.,  succeeded  Mr.  Rand  in  the  editorial  chair,  but 

Mi   Hud  died  the  latter  put  o    I    1 1    ttthi      a  of  88. 


CUMBERLAND   COUNTY.  65 

occupied  it  a  year  only.  In  18*26  Rev.  Asa  Cummings,  pastor  of 
the  church  at  North  Yarmouth,  assumed  the  conduct  of  the  pa- 
per, and  remained  its  proprietor  and  editor  till  1855  —  29  years!* 
Mr.  C,  after  his  graduation  at  Harvard,  became  tutor  there ;  was 
afterward  tutor  at  Bowdoin  College.  Mr.  Charles  Austin  Lord 
succeeded  to  the  editorial  chair  in  August,  1855,  after  having  heen 
for  several  years  associated  Avith  Dr.  Cummings  in  the  conduct  of 
the  Mirror.  Mr.  L.,  a  native  of  this  State,  was  formerly  of  the 
publishing  house  of  Leavitt,  Lord  and  Co.,  of  New  York ;  after- 
ward he  was  for  several  years  connected  with  the  daily  press  of 
St.  Louis. 

The  Mirror,  during  its  long  history,  has  taken  part  in  impor- 
tant discussions.  One  of  the  earliest  was  that  in  regard  to  the 
North  Eastern  Boundary.  Public  feeling  was  greatly  excited; 
war  seemed  to  be  imminent.  Dr.  Cummings  espoused  the  view 
of  the  Government  against  the  popular  opinion,  and  Daniel  Web- 
ster, then  Secretary  of  State,  acknowledged  the  good  service  ren- 
dered by  the  Mirror  in  the  peaceable  solution  of  the  dispute. 
Before  this,  there  was  a  more  limited  controversy,  but  one  of  no 
small  importance  to  the  cause  of  Evangelical  religion  in  Maine, 
in  regard  to  Bowdoin  College.  The  State,  on  the  ground  of  some 
grant,  assumed  some  influence  in  the  management  of  the  College. 
The  Mirror  took  a  prominent  part  in  defense  of  the  College's  inde- 
pendence, and  the  final  verdict  was  on  its  side.  The  questions  of 
Abolition  and  Temperance  have  afforded  prominent  topics  of  dis- 

*  Dr.  Cummings  died  at  sea  two  days  out  from  Aspinwall,  June  5  or  6, 185G,  aged  65, 
and  was  buried  in  the  deep.  He  was  the  sixth  of  sixteen  children,  born  in  Andover, 
Mass. ;  but  his  father,  Asa,  died  in  Albany,  Me.,  in  1845,  aged  85.  His  great-grand- 
father was  102  years  old.  Dr.  Cummings  graduated  at  Harvard  in  1817.  He  was  a 
wise,  learned,  excellent  man ;  hard-working  for  thirty  years  as  an  editor.  He  pub- 
lished memoirs  of  Dr.  Payson.  —  Bost.  Daily  Adv. 

In  addition  to  the  foregoing  testimonials  of  character,  Mr.  Cummings  is  remem- 
bered, wherever  known,  as  a  peacemaker.  The  graduates  of  Bowdoin,  class  of  1820, 
will  remember  one  of  those  exciting  scenes  among  the  students  in  the  college  yard, 
to  quell  which  the  influence  of  several  college  officers  proved  unavailing;  but 
as  soon  as  Tutor  Cummings  arrived,  and  his  voice  was  heard  above  the  tem- 
pest—  ''Boys,  boys!  you  have  had  fun  enough;  now  to  your  rooms!"  —  a  calm  and 
a  dispersion  immediately  followed.  —  Ed. 

9 


Til  I.    \  EWS   PRESS  01     MAINE. 

cussion.  The  diflerence  between  parties  to  1 1 1 « — « -  reforms  tret 
<>f  measures,  doI  principles.  The  Mirror  has  held  steadily  t<>  the 
principles  for  which  it  was  established  —  tin-  cause  of  Evangelical 
religion,  without  sectarian  prejudices  or  denominational  seal.] 
CHRIST!  VN  INTELLIGENCER 
Bui  :i  few  months  prior  t..  the  birth  <>t'  the  Mirror,  came  the 
Christian  [ntelligencer.  This  was  the  first  organ  of  the  CTniver- 
Balists  in  the  State.  Tiny  aroused  themselves  about  that  time 
with  much  zeal,  and  built  the  church  on  tin-  corner  of  Pearl  and 
Congress  Btreets,  which  was  burned  bj  the  fire  of  lv''t'>.  The  In- 
telligencer  lupin  very  modestly,  but  soon  grew  bold  and  defiant, 
as  it  increased  in  size  and  frequency  of  appearance.  It  was  com- 
menced in  September,  1821,  as  a  quarterly  of  thirty-two  Large 
octavo  pages,  by  Rev.  Russell  Streeter,  editor  and  proprietor,  at 
fifty  cents  per  annum;  printed  at  the  Argus  office  by  Todd  and 
Smith.  It  began  with  two  hundred  subscribers;  but  at  the  close 
of  the  first  volume  it  numbered  one  thousand.  At  the  commence- 
ment of  the  second  volume,  it  tc><«k  the  additional  title  of  Gospel 
Advocate.  It-  third, fourth, and  fifth  volumes  were  enlarged  t«>  a 
royal  quarto  size,  and  Issued  once  a  fortnight,  at  $1  per  year. 
During  it-  sixth  year  the  form  was  changed  to  royal  octavo;  and 
towards  the  close  of  the  volume,  Rev.  William  A.  hi.  *  became 
asaistant  editor.  In  January,  1S-J7.  the  paper  was  removed  to 
Gardiner;  Parker  Sheldon,  publisher,  and  Mr.  Drew,  editor,  when 
it  was  issued  weekly  in  folio,  .-it  $2  per  year. 

SABBA  I'll  SCHOOL  INSTRI  CTOR 

[  The  Sabbath  School  Instructor,  a  juvenile,  weekly,  was  start- 
ed  in  May,  1830,  by   Daniel  C.  Colesworthy,  Philip  Greely,  and 

William  \V.  \Y Ibury.     Mr.  Cutter  edited  it   for  the  Brat  two 

years,  when  Mr.  ( Solesv  orth]  took  control  of  1 1 1 « ■  paper  and  <•-  >n- 
tinued  it  for  several  years.  He  finally  ><>M  <«ut  to  C.P.  Qsley, 
who  united  it  with  the  Portland  Transcript.] 

•  HR1SH  W  I'll  1 1 1' 

The  Christian  Pilot,  a  half-sheet  quarto,  (Jniversalist,  was 
published  bj  Rev.  Menzies  Rayner,  al  11  per  year,  from  July, 
i-  ;_'.  to  July,  L885,  when  it  was  Bold  to  J.  C.  Hill,  removed  to 


CUMBERLAND   COUNTY.  67 

North  Yarmouth,  and  edited  by  Rev.  Zenas  Thompson.     In  July, 
1836,  it  was  merged  in  the  Gospel  Banner,  published  by  Rev. 
Wm.  A.  Drew,  in  Augusta.     For  a  time  the  Banner  and  Pilot 
was  published  simultaneously  in  Augusta  and  Portland. 
UNIVERSAL1ST  PALLADIUM. 

In  October,  1839,  Samuel  II.  Colesworthy  commenced  the 
Universalist  Palladium.  It  was  edited  by  Rev.  C.  C.  Burr,  issued 
semi-monthly,  and  continued  two  years.  Then  Ira  Berry  took 
charge,  and  continued  it  two  years.  It  was  then  merged  in  the 
Gospel  Banner. 

EASTERN  ROSEBUD. 

Mr.  Colesworthy  then  issued  the  Eastern  Rosebud,  semi- 
monthly. This  was  a  juvenile  paper,  and  was  continued  for  two 
years.  He  then  brought  from  Norway  the  Religious  Instructor, 
published  it  every  other  week  for  about  two  years,  and  then  trans- 
ferred the  list  to  the  Banner.  It  usually  takes  several  efforts  in 
the  newspaper  line  to  satisfy  those  who  like  to  try  their  hand  at  it. 

The  establishment  of  a  Universalist  paper  in  Portland  at 
this  time,  and  the  increase  of  that  religious  sect,  under  the  lead  of 
so  resolute  a  general  as  Russell  Streeter,  stirred  up  the  elements 
of  religious  strife  by  word  and  deed,  as  has  not  been  witnessed 
since,  and  gave  presage  of  the  war  that  soon  ensued.  No  politi- 
cal excitement  in  its  intensity,  in  this  place,  ever  surpassed  it. 
MAINE  WESLEYAN  JOURNAL. 

The  Methodists  cultivated  the  press  for  the  promotion  of  their 
religious  tenets  at  an  early  day.  The  Maine  Wesleyan  Journal, 
a  weekly  folio,  was  begun  not  far  from  1830,  with  Rev.  Gershom 
F.  Cox  as  editor.  It  was  printed  for  the  first  year  or  two  by 
Todd  and  Holden,  and  afterwards  by  Horatio  King,  at  the  Jeffer- 
sonian  office ;  finally,  deeming  Boston  a  better  center  for  its  use- 
fulness, it  was  transferred  to  that  metropolis  and  united  with  the 
Zion's  Herald. 

ZION'S  ADVOCATE. 

The  Baptists  wrought  out  this  instrumentality  to  promote 
their  cause  forty-five  years  ago.  The  Zion's  Advocate  was  be- 
gun at  that  time  by  Rev.  Adam  Wilson,  and  printed  by  Day  and 
Sumner.     Mr.  Wilson  sold  out,  after  ably  conducting  it  several 


68  Til  i:    \  I   W  -  PR  I.  -  -   OK  U  A  I  N  E. 

years,  to  Kalloch  and  Smith.  .T.  B.  Poster  afterwards  became  its 
filter  and  proprietor.  For  tin-  Last  thirteen  years  it  has  been 
owned  by  Dr.  Shailer.  Be  and  J.  W.Colcord  have  conducted  it 
with  greal  success,  making  it  :i  Bafe  family  paper,  a-  well  as  an 
able  Bupporter  of  the  cause  it  i-  intended  to  sustain. 

I  \Mll.Y  [NSTR1  'TOR. 

The  Freewill  Baptists  have  nol  been  entirely  forgetful  of  the 
I'n--  as  an  aid  to  their  cause.  In  1843  Rev.  L  I>.  Fleming,  pas- 
tor of  the  Casco  Street  Church,  commenced  the  Family  [nstructor, 
and  continued  it  for  some  time. 

[An  interesting  fad  has  recently  been  given  in  a  New  York 
paper  over  the  signature  of  II.  S.  Willis,  by  which  it  appear-  that 
Nathaniel  Willis,  father  of  R.  s.,  while  editor  and  proprietor  of 
the  Eastern  Argus,  in  1808,  having  become  interested  in  religion 
under  the  preaching  of  Dr.  PayBon,  proposed  to  change  the  East- 
ern Argus  into  a  religious  paper.  Bui  not  receiving  encourage- 
ment from  Dr.  Payson  and  other  clergymen  and  laymen  t<>  whom 
he  made  the  proposition,  he  -..,,n  at'ter  sold  out  :ind  went  t>>  Boa- 
ton,  where  he  commenced,  in  1816,  the  firsl  religious  paper  ever 
published  in  the  United  State-. —  /•.'</.] 

The  new -papers  and  magazines  of  Cumberland  county,  as  they 
exist  to-day,  it  is  well  in  this  connection  t<>  record.  They  form  :t 
grand  eontraal  with  January  l-t.  17^.~\  when  came  forth  upon  the 
wondering  gaze  of  the  tew  thousand  inhabitants  <>t'  the  town  of 
Falmouth,  the  firsl  paper  ever  published  in  the  Stan —  the  M  Fal- 
mouth Gazette."  This  novelty,  with  its  tew  hundreds  of  subscri- 
bers, received  with  doubts  and  fears, and  cold  contempt  by  many, 
has  been  built  upon  in  the  eighty-five  years  since  elapsing,  till  at 

thifl  da\  there  are  qoI  less,  I  judge,  than  titty  thousand  paper-  is- 
sue, l  ever)  week  t<>  actual  subscribers,  by  publishers  in  this 
county.  The  newspapers  of  the  county  at  this  time,  ls7-J,  are: — 
1 1  arrange  them  according  t"  age,) 

Portland  Advertiser,  daily  and  weekly. 

Eastern  Argus,  daily,  tri-weekl]  and  weekly. 

( Ihristian  Mirror,  w  eekly. 


CUMBERLAND   COUNTY. 

Zion's  Advocate,  weekly. 
Portland  Transcript,  weekly. 
Brunswick  Telegraph,  weekly. 
Portland  Press,  daily  and  weekly. 
Riverside  Echo,  weekly. 
The  Star,  Sunday  issue. 
Maine  Journal  of  Education,  monthly. 
The  Masonic  Token,  quarterly. 


09 


^=  The  following  additional  notices  are  inserted  here,  out  of 
order,  having  been  sent  in  too  late  to  he  put  in  the  proper  place. 

The  Family  Reader,  a  weekly  paper,  published  and  edited 
by  Seba  Smith,  was  commenced  in  Nov.,  1829,  and  continued 
several  years. 

The  Athenaeum,  a  semi-monthly,  published  by  S.  Colman, 
had  a  short  existence. 

The  Wreath,  devoted  to  maternal  associations,  families,  and 
Sunday  schools,  edited  by  Mr.  C.  L.  Adams,  published  by  Brown 
Thurston,  weekly,  at  one  dollar  per  year,  commenced  its  existence 
March  3,  1842.  In  May  it  was  doubled  in  size,  and  issued  once 
in  two  weeks.    In  this  form  it  was  continued  till  Oct.,  1843. 

The  Portland  Inquirer,  edited  by  John  Q.  Day,  and  pub- 
lished by  Brown  Thurston,  was  started  in  1848.  The  paper  was 
subsequently  edited  by  Austin  Willey,  and  continued  its  weekly 
visits  for  some  eight  years. 

The  Journal  of  Education  is  a  monthly  of  40  8vo.  pp., 
edited  by  A.  P.  Stone,  and  twelve'prominent  teachers  in  the  State. 
Published  by  Brown  Thurston.  This  journal  was  started  by  G. 
M.  Gage,  at  Farmington,  in  Dec,  1800,  under  the  title  of  the 
Maine  Normal.  It  was  moved  to  Portland  in  June,  1808,  and  as- 
sumed its  present  name. 

The  Riverside  Echo.  See  p.  03.  We  here  insert  some 
additional  facts  that  have  been  communicated  in  relation  to  this 
paper.  It  originated  in  Lincoln  Lodge  of  Good  Templars  in 
Bucksport.  The  first  trial  number  was  published  in  December, 
1805.     With  the  commencement  of  the  volume  in  January,  1800, 


rri' 


7,)  ill  1:   N  1.  W  -   PRESS  "i    MM  WE. 

it  passed  into  the  hands  of  Mr.  Thomas  15.  Emory, who  inert 
it-  Bue,  and  published  it  a-  a  temperance  monthly  through  that 
year.  Prof  Willabe  Baskell  «»t*  the  Easl  Maine  Conference  Sem- 
inary was  it-  editor.  Though  published  in  Bucksport,  1 1 1 « -  paper 
was  printed  in  Portland,  at  the  office  of  15.  Thurston  ami  Co., 
where  it  has  ever  since  been  printed.  With  the  commencement 
of  the  Becond  volume  in  1867,  it  was  changed  to  a  weekly,  ami 
Portland  made  it<  place  of  publication.  In  December,  1870,  Mr, 
Emery  sold  tin-  paper  \>>  the  Riverside  Echo  Publishing  Associa- 
tion, which  body  received  a  charter  from  tin-  Legislature  in  1871, 
ami  now  publishes  the  paper.  Messrs.  Hoyt,  Fogg  and  B 
arc  the  publishing  agents,  and  S.  A.  Strout,  managing  editor,  with 
Prof.  Willabe  Baskell  and  I).  P.  Bailey,  Jr.,  as  contributing  (.■'li- 
ters. Messrs.  F.  X.  Dow,  C.  A.  Stackpole,  and  Rev.  .1.  E.  C. 
Sawyer  have  also  at  different  times  been  connected  with  tin-  edito- 
rial department  of  the  paper.  The  Echo  during  a  part  of  its 
existence  has  been  the  organ  of  the  <  i .....  1  Templars,  and  dow 
specially  advocates  the  cause  of  Temperance,  while  it-  publishers 
seek  to  extend  it-  circulation  and  influence  by  giving  it  the  char- 
acter <>t"  a  literary  and  family  journal. 

Good  Ssbd,  a  monthly,  commenced  by   V.  (J.  Rich  in  Feb, 
'71,  and  sold  to  II.  A.  MoKenney  in  Dee.,  '71. 

Q^P  During  the  last  nil  .r  fifty   periodicals   leive  ben  coinmenrrd   in 

Portland!    Eleven  only  are  now  published.    Verj   nearly  tin-  same  eiperience  will 
in-  (bond  in  other  cities. —  Ed, 

Jj' Si*  appendii  for  additional  periodicala  from  the  Portland  pn 


.Mr.  f lull (••II.  the  writer  01*  the-  Foregoing  history  of  the  press  in  Portland  («iih 
exceptions  u  designated),  entered  the  Vr.'u;  oilier  in  L819,atthe  age  of  14 1-3  years. 

II.  6  1-1   rears  as  an  ;ip|>rc-ntH'i\  and  !!  years  as  a  journeyman,    when   he   be- 

came One  of  the  proprietors  and  editors  of  tin-  establishment,     In  this  capacitj  tie 
eontinned  ontil  1866,  being  in  close  application  t.>  his  business,  boy  and  man.  for  thirty 
with  the  exception  of  the  yean  1839,  '47,  and  '48,  when  be  e  is  s  mem- 
ber of  the  Senate  of  Maine.    Even  then  he  kepi  a  constant  inpervision  of  his  paper ; 
respondent,  and  non-resident  editor. 
Having  been  1  comp.  of  one  of  the  earliesl  printers  in  Maine,  John  K.  Baker,  and 
receiving  from  his  iip-<  an  account  of  bis  personal  experience  and  observation, —  ■ 
sketch  of  whose  biography  he  has  given  —  ts  well  as  from  Ins  long  connection  with 
the  craft,  Mr.  Holden  becomea  a  patriarchal  link  In  thehiator]  ofthepn 
commencement  in  M  line. —  l'-d 


CUMBERLAND  COUNTY.  71 


BRUNSWICK. 


In  giving  an  account  of  the  press  in  Brunswick,  it  may  not  be 
amiss  if  we  descend  somewhat  more  to  personal  experience,  than 
has  been  done  in  regard  to  the  Portland  press.  A  printer's  life, 
—  especially  that  of  the  newspaper  department,  —  is  generally  a 
life  of  hard  toil  and  severe  discipline,  with  small  compensation  ; 
and  yet,  such  are  its  attractions,  there  has  never  been  a  lack  of 
victims  in  the  ranks  of  the  craft,  and  comparatively  few,  when  in, 
ever  leave  until  worn  out. 

The  first  press  in  Brunswick  was  set  up  early  in  December, 
1819,  by  Joseph  Griffin,  who  graduated  at  the  office  of  Messrs. 
Flagg  and  Gould,  in  Andover,  Mass.*  Mr.  G.  entered  that  office 
at  the  date  of  its  establishment,  Aug.,  1813,  and  finished  his  ap- 
prenticeship Nov.  8,  1819  —  the  time  of  his  majority.  A  few 
weeks  previous  to  this  time,  a  letter  had  been  received  from  Tutor 
(subsequently  Professor)  Newman,  at  Bowdoin  College,  who  was 
anxious  for  the  establishment  of  a  press  in  Brunswick.  In  this 
letter  he  says  —  "I  have  mentioned  the  subject  to  Pres.  Appleton, 
and  his  reply  was — '  Tell  the  young  man  we  shall  be  glad  to  have 

*  We  must  be  permitted  to  turn  from  our  track  a  moment  to  notice  this  popular 
firm.  Messrs.  John  Flagg  and  A.  J.  Gould  graduated  at  the  University  press  in  Cam- 
bridge, Mass.  They  were  well  educated  men ;  and  from  their  office  was  issued  some 
of  the  best  specimens  of  printing  at  that  time  executed  in  New  England.  Through 
their  enterprise  — aided  by  the  liberality  of  Prof.  Moses  Stuart,  whose  usual  prefix  to 
his  frequent  jobs  of  printing  was,  "  Do  this  in  your  best  manner,  and  make  your  own 
price" — this  establishment  increased,  until  it  surpassed  all  others  in  Massachusetts 
in  book-work,  especially  in  facilities  for  printing  the  oriental  and  dead  languages. — 
Mr.  Flagg  died  in  1833,  aged  41  ;  Mr.  Gould  in  1868,  aged  75.  Of  the  many  journey- 
men who  were  employed  by  Flagg  and  Gould  during  the  years  '13  to  '19,  only  one 
is  living — Caleb  Hersey,  Esq.  of  Haverhill,  Ms.,  of  whom  honorable  mention  is  made  by 
J.  T.  Buckingham  in  his  "  Personal  Memoirs,"  as  a  graduate  of  his  office.  No  ap- 
prentice of  the  above  date  who  served  his  time  out,  save  the  writer,  is  now  living. 
The  office  of  Flagg  and  Gould  has  since  passed  under  several  other  firms,  doing  a 
large  business,  with  several  power  presses.  But  these  presses  have  all  been  removed 
to  the  Riverside,  Cambridge,  and  the  noise  of  the  press  is  heard  no  more  in  the  quiet- 
shades  of  Seminary  Hill. 


72  1'  II  r.    N  EWS    PR  ESS   OF   M  A  I  M. . 

liim  come."' — Encouragemenl  from  such  a  Bource  being  deemed 
sufficient,  Mr.  Griffin  immediately  purchased  of  \\\<  employers 
a  favorite  Ramage  press,  the  best  al  that  time  in  use;  went  t«> 
Charles  Ewer's  type-foundry,  then  recently  established,  and 
boughl  an  assortment  of  type — ome  of  the  first  casl  in  Boston. 
Taking  bis  apparatus  on  board  :i  Kennebec  coaster,  he  landed  at 
Bath.  Early  in  December  he  commenced  printing  at  Brunswick, 
in  the  building  on  the  <'u-t  ^i-l<-  of  .Main,  facing  Pleasant  Btreet.* 
Prom  this  place  lii^  office  was  removed  in  182]  to  the  building 
opposite  the  north  end  of  the  Mall,  where  it  1ms  remained  t<>  this 
day. 

By  the  middle  of  December,  1819,  he  was  at  work  upon  the 
Baccalaureate  Addresses  of  Pres.  Appletomf  It  was  required  that 
the  work  should  be  printed  in  the  besl  manner,  without  regard  to 
expense.  It  was  under  the  Bupen  ision  of  Mr.  N.  deaveland,  agent 
of  the  CJommittee  <>n  publication.  The  work  was  executed,  both 
in  quarto  and  octavo  form,  <>n  medium,  hand-made  paper,  manu- 
factured at  Andover,  .M-.;  thai  for  the  quarto  edition  costing  eleven 

■  \t  this  time  there  waa  bat  one  home  on  Pleaaant  street, Capt.  John  A.  I>un- 
ning's;  onlj  two  others  west  of  Main  street,  between  Mill  and  M.  K.  •  — 

1  John  O'Brien's,  and  Capt.  John  Dunlap's ;  nine  only  on  Federal  street.  There 
wen  three  public  houaei — one  kepi  by  Win.  Hodgkina,  in  the  old  Washington  Hall 
building ;  one  w  here  the  Tontine  now  stands,  kepi  bj  EL  Stoddard  ;  the  other  al  weat 
corner  of  the  College  gronnda,  kepi  bj  Dowe.  All  had  open  bare.  There  were  ten 
in  nil  imt  one  of  which  the  tuna]  variety  of  ardent  spirits  was  kepi  for  sale,  to 
1m-  drank  m  the  stores  or  carried  away.  Even  respectable  women,  who  came  to  mar- 
ket, claimed  their  right  to  take  a  social  glass  around  the  hogshead,  turned  op  fix  ■ 
table  in  the  retailer's  store.  Capt.  John  Dunlap,  we  believe,  opened  the  Brat  store  in 
this  village,  in  an  I.  attached  to  biahouae;  the  same  honae  is  now  the  residence  of 

I>r.  J.  D.  Lincoln. The  consequences  of  this  free  sale  of  intoxicating  honors  can 

Ij  imagined.     None  are  now  sold,  openly,  except  at  the  Town   Agency. 

Population  of  Brunswick  in  1820,  J  .'.'.'•  I  ;  in  1870,  i.".'7.  The  increase  his  been 
mainlj  in  the  i  ill 

t  I'res.  tppleton  had  passed  to  the  higher  lite  the  preceding  October.  —  When  I 
■  hild  of  eight  years,  sitting  in  the  old  Smith  church  al  tndover,  there  passed 
into  the  pulpit  a  man  of  such  a  loft]  head  and  striking!}   impressive  oountenan 

to  leave  the  in:  ige  indeliblj  lived  npon  my  brain.    The  nai it'  the  mdnidn.il  l  did 

not  know.    Some  twelve  yean  afterward,  when  I  saw  the  portrait  of  Pre-,  tppleton, 
prepared  to  accompany  his    tddrasaaa,  1  said   to  myself — That  u  the  man  ! 


CUMBK  RL  AIM)   COUNTY.  73 

dollars  per  ream.  *  It  was  clone  up  in  a  manner  satisfactory  to 
all  concerned.  After  it  was  ready  for  delivery,  and  the  printer 
needed  his  pay,  it  was  said  to  liim  —  "  No  one  seems  to  be  respon- 
sible for  the  bill,  and  you  had  better  publish  the  book  on  your 
own  account."  There  were  seventy  subscribers  to  the  work. 
This,  with  the  high  reputation  of  the  author,  gave  a  promising 
field,  and  he  accepted  the  situation.  But  the  slow  returns  did  not 
answer  the  printer's  immediate  necessities.  Being  in  debt  for  a 
part  of  his  apparatus,  with  the  additional  burden  of  this  work, 
about  $500,  then  due,  it  was  necessary  to  sacrifice  the  edition,  and 
the  publisher  was  consequently  left  in  pecuniary  embarrassment 
for  ten  years. 

FIRST  NEWSPAPER  IN  BRUNSWICK. 

In  Sept.,  1820,  J.  G.  commenced  the  publication  of  a  weekly 
paper,  —  a  demy  quarto  of  8  pp.  —  called  the  Maine  Intelligencer. 
It  was  edited  by  John  M.  O'Brien,  Esq.,  who  graduated  at  Bow- 
doin  College  in  the  class  of  1806.  A  college  club  of  young 
gentlemen  (of  whom  Jacob  Abbott,  now  so  celebrated  as  a  writer, 
was  chairman)  filled,  occasionally,  a  column.  The  paper  not  being 
remunerative,  it  was  given  up  at  the  end  of  six  months  to  make 
room  for  printing  the  first  two  volumes  of  the  Statute  Laws  of 
Maine.  For  this  work  he  was  indebted  to  the  influence,  gen- 
erously proffered,  of  the  late  Hon.  Nathaniel  Greene  of  Topsham, 
who  was  at  that  time  a  member  of  the  Senate  of  Maine,  sitting  at 
Portland.  This  work,  when  completed,  gave  satisfaction  to  the 
public,  and  was  accepted  by  the  Superintending  Committee. 
But  an  unfortunate  circumstance  prevented  that  remuneration  to 
the  printer  which  he  expected  from  the  sale  of  copies  published 
on  his  own  account.  Ebenezer  Everett,  Esq.,  an  able  and  cau- 
tious lawyer,  volunteered  his  services  as  proof-reader.  There  was 
no  room  left  for  complaint  as  to  typographical  correctness  ;  but, 
unfortunately,  as  it  proved,  Mr.  Everett  saw  fit  to  correct  some 
errors  in  the  orthography  of  the  copy;  and,  to  prevent  the  liability 
of  erroneous  interpretations,  improved,  in  many  cases,  the  punctu- 

*  A  paper,  for  lack  of  the  finishing  process  of  later  years,  very  much  inferior  to  the 
paper  on  which  this  book  is  printed,  costing  (same  size)  but  $8.14, — manufactured  by 
A.  C.  Denison  and  Co.,  Mechanic  Falls,  Me. 

10 


7(  THE  NEWS  MAIN  E. 

ation.  Judge  Preble,  chairman  of  the  Superintending  Comn 
w.i-  unwilling  to  give  the  necessary  certificate,  that  the  printing 
was  a  "true  cop)  of  the  original  manuscripts,''  withoul  specifying 
all  the  changes  that  had  been  made.  Had  these  changes  been 
separated,  and  placed  under  their  proper  heads,  \  i/.  corrections  and 
errors,  it  would  have  been  onlyjustice  to  the  printer.  But  in- 
stead of  this,  a  long  black  list  of  errata,  was  placed  before  the 
public.  The  house  ofGlazier  and  Co.,  Hallowell,  immediately  is- 
sued a  prospectus  for  the  speedy  publication  of  a  ucorrected  edi- 
tion, in  one  volume."  The  sale  of  the  tir>t  edition  was  thus  sud- 
denly checked,  causing  the  necessity  of  forced  Bales  at  ruinous 
rates.  These  damaging  circumstances  were  afterward  presented 
in  a  petition  t  - .  the  Legislature,  and  a  sum  of  two  hundred  dollars 
was  granted  as  a  partial  reparation. 

After  ilf  completion  of  this  work  in  1*821,  through  tin*  solici- 
tation of  Judge  Ames  of  Bath,  a  part  of  bis  apparatus  was 
removed  to  Portland  for  the  purpose  of  establishing  a  oew  paper 
to  be  called  the  [ndependenl  Statesman,  as  Bee  aotice  under  the 
head  Portland.  This  project,  doI  Btriting  his  taste,  was  boob 
given  up  to  Amos  C.  Tappan,  a  young  man  whom  he  had  re- 
ceived as  a  partner,  and  Mr.  Griffin  continued  at  hi>  old  stand* 

His  next  publication  was  tli<*  Maine  Town  Officer,  prepared 
i>\  John  M.  O'Brien,  Esq.  This  was  a  successful  work.  The 
second  and  follow  Ing  editions  \\  ere  published  by  Glazier,  Masters, 
and  Co.,  to  whom  the  copyright  bad  been  sold.     For  his  other 

1 k-publications,  Bee  Bibliography  of  Maine. 

m mm:  baptist  hep, u  d. 

In  1824,  July  17,  the  firsl  number  of  the  .Maim*  Baptist  Herald 
wbjb  issued.  This  was  the  firsl  paper,  coinciding  fully  *with  the 
faith  an. 1  practices  of  the  primitive  Baptists,  ever  published  in 
the  Cnited  States 

The  Bize  of  this  paper  was  demy,  folio.     It   ^:'s  edited   for 

thia  tin..-  no  mail  from  Brunswick  could  reach  tin*  towna  on  the  tndrow 
rivet  except  bj   waj   •  ■!    Portland  and  Hallowell;  and  not  .ill  of  taid   towna  were 
,  ,l  ni  thai  «  •  >  1 1  v  the  publisher  of  the  B.  Herald  found  it  pi  i  dm  aj  t.. 

i  weekl)  mail  route  u  la  paaaing 

up  the  w<  i  idi  ol  tin  river  and  down  the  eaat  Tni  i  a  Government,  two  reara 
I  iter,  a  tumi  d  th<  route  and  i  ontinued  it  until  othei  (ai  ilitiea  "i  n  importation  made 
it  onneceu  ir\ 


CUMBERLAND   COUNTY.  75 

about  six  months  by  Benj.  Titcomb,  jr.,  a  graduate  of  Bowdoin 
tUollege,  1806,  —  son  of  the  first  printer  in  Maine.  After  the  time 
named,  it  was  under  the  sole  management  of  the  publisher.  At 
the  commencement  of  the  second  volume  it  was  enlarged  to  a 
royal  folio  size,  and  continued  weekly  for  six  years,  During  the 
two  last  years  of  its  existence  it  was  called  the  Eastern  Galaxy 
and  Herald  ;  the  name  having  been  changed  in  consequence  of  a 
larger  part  of  its  columns  being  subsequently  devoted  to  secular 
interests.  In  the  latter  years  of  this  publication  the  subscribers 
numbered  over  eleven  hundred  ;  a  larger  circulation  than  can  be 
claimed  for  any  other  of  the  many  papers  subsequently  com- 
menced in  Brunswick. 

SYNOPSIS   OF  EARLY  VIEWS  AND   PRACTICES. 

"  When  this  State  was  yet  but  a  part  of  Massachusetts,  and  occupied  only  by  scat- 
tered settlements,  here  and  there,  at  the  most  advantageous  points,  it  was  penetrated 
by  the  Baptist  preachers  of  the  bordering  States  ;  who,  gathering  strength  as  they  ad- 
vanced, soon  traversed  its  length  and  breadth,  and  preached  the  gospel  at  all  the 
principal  places.  Like  all  pioneers,  these  preachers  were  a  race  of  hardy  and  enter- 
prising men.  Laboring  among  pioneers  in  the  settlement  of  the  country,  they  brought 
themselves  into  sympathy  with  their  hearers,  by  the  exhibition  of  the  same  bold,  de- 
cided spirit.  They  attacked  the  consciences  of  men  very  much  as  the  woodsman 
attacked  the  trees.  They  laid  the  axe  to  the  root  with  a  vigorous  hand,  and  as  blow 
after  blow  was  dealt  home,  the  forest  re-echoed  with  the  sound. 

"  At  this  distance  of  time,  and  after  so  great  improvements  in  the  condition  of  the 
country  and  of  society,  it  is  hardly  possible  to  conceive  the  difficulties  which  they 
encountered,  and  the  suffering  which  they  endured.  Without  public  conveyances,  or 
even  well-defined  roads,  they  had  to  track  their  way  as  best  they  could,  through  long 
distances,  from  settlement  to  settlement,  or  penetrate  the  unbroken  forest  to  some 
remote  logging  camp,  now,  perhaps,  the  site  of  some  flourishing  village.  In  all  these 
places  they  sowed  the  seed  of  the  Word  with  a  liberal  hand  ;  committing  it  to  the 
waters,  confident  that  it  would  appear  again  after  many  days.  And  so  it  did.  The 
early  Baptist  fathers  performed  in  Maine  what  Whitefield.  Tennant,  and  Edwards  did 
in  many  of  the  other  States.  They  broke  the  formalism  of  the  old  Puritan  churches, 
and  revived  the  fast  vanishing  doctrine  of  the  new  birth." — So  writes  Prof.  Champlin 
in  his  preface  to  a  work  referred  to  below. 

Dr.  Edward  Payson,  says  a  correspondent,  was  the  first  Congregational  minister  to 
break  in  upon  the  formal,  lifeless  Armenianism  of  the  Congregational  churches. 

Some  of  the  pioneer  preachers  were  patrons  and  correspondents  of  the  Herald ; 
among  them  was  Eld.  Henry  Kendall,  whose  autobiography,  published  in  1853,  gives 
an  interesting  account  of  what  he  and  others  of  the  pioneer  preachers  suffered. 

We  here  give  a  synopsis  of  the  faith  and  practice  of  the  early  Baptists  of  Maine 
as  held  forth  in  the  Herald. In  their  church  building  they  looked  for  a  "Thus 


,  j  Tin;   \  EWS   l'K  ESS  OF   M  \  INE. 

Among  the  writers  for  the  Herald  were  KM.  Duncan  Dunbar, 
over  the  signature  of  Onessimus)  whose  praise  is  still  in  the 
churches,  as  Bee  Memoir;  Eld.  David  Nutter,  over  the  signature 
of  Blephibosheth  ;  Mrs.  Catherine  II.  Putnam,  late  of  X.  Y.,  au- 
thor of  an  able  work,  entitled  the  Gospel  by  Moses.*  Among  the 
occasional  writers  were  Eld.  Beebee  of  X.  ST.;  Miss  Narcissa 
Stone,  and  others  of  Brunswick, 

Boon  after  the  establishment  of  the  Free  Press,  in  this  villi  _  . 
by  Moi.ri'  and  WYIK  in  lMi7,  the  creditor-  <>f  Mr.  Griffin,  thinking 
their  chances  to  be  lessening,  seized  his  apparatus.  It  was  ap^ 
praised  by  the  printer  <>f  Bath,  Jos.  G.  Torrey,  al  $800;  more 
than  enough  to  pay  all  the  debts  of  the  attaches.     The  attach^ 


saith  the  Lord."  Their  faith  was  found*  d  upon  tho  predetrrmined  purpose  oHiod  in 
Christ  ;is  the  only  hope  of  man  —  "  \<-  have  not  chosen  me,  but  I  have  chosen  you  " 
—  "  Chosen  in  him  before  the  foundation  of  the  world,  that  we  should  be  holy  and 
without  blame  l»  fore  him  in  love."  Their  faith  was  m  thejktithtd  work  »f  Christ. — 
a  faith  which  grounds  the  bou!  in  the  love  that  purifies  tin-  In-art  and  l>rin<_'s  forth  the 
of  the  Spirit " ;  —  becoming  the  Bource  and  onlj  source  of  things  pleasing  to 
<  rod    Th   ■  cleaved  to  the  Nevi  Covenant,  which  was  sure  in  Christ,  —  separating  it 

clearly  from  the  old,  which  was  faulty  and   "ready  to  vanish  away." \>  t,>  the 

ordinance  of  baptism,  it  seems  hardl]  necessarj  to  say,  that  they  believed  it  to  be  a 

KM  qf faith  in  Chrilt  end  tin   door  of  admission  to  r'lurrh  prMUget,  without 

further  ceremony,  without  further  covenanting.  "If  thou  believesl  with  all  thy 
heart  thou  mayest"  be  baptized.  The]  had  do  prescribed  rules  qf  faith  and  proe- 
/i'.-i  .  except  the  New  Testament ;  deeming  that,  in  it*  embodied  form,  a  sufficiently 
plain  guide  to  every  trulj  enlightened  '  Shristian,  in  ill  matters  of  duty  and  discipline. 

In  regard  to  the  ministration  of  the  Word,  thej  received  as  preachers  such  only, 

literate  nr  illiterate,  as  had  an  experiment  d  knowledge  of  Christ.  The  attainment  of 
a  thorough  literary  education  bj   the  preacher,  if  sanctified  bj  Divine  grace,  w 

desirable  to  them  as  t'>  other  denominations, They  took  action  for  the  repeal  of 

the  law  which  laid  a  tax  on  all,  believers  "r  unbelievers,  fiii  the  support  of  preaching 
by  the  "Standing  Order,"  Nevertheless,  the]  belidved  the  laborer  for  Christ  to  be 
worth]  of  support,  and  w<  re  ever  read]  to  di\  ide  with  him  their  goods, — The]  believed 

it  to  be  a  dutj  t"  dedicate  their  children  dail]  t,.  i;,*!  at  the  famil]  altar. The 

■■  of  the  week  they  kept  after  the  example  of  the  apostles,  as  the  n  twmtHon 
day  of  out  Saviour  ;  not  as  a  continuation  of  the  Jewish  Sabbath,  which  was  ■  I 

•  in  Christ  Societies  for  moral  reform,  outside  of  Christ's  church, 
the]  l»  i*  to  those  who  could  not  l  iI»t  with  the  church.  Their  language  to  the  tempt- 
ed was  "Come  with  us  (into  the  kingdom  of  His  grace)  and  we  will  do  you  good." 
Onlj  the  Balm  in  Gilead  and  the  Physician  there  can  heal  the  wounds  that  sin  hath 
made,  or  brace  the  l  temptation.  —  Ed. 

•  This  work,  140  pp.  8vo.,  is  published  b]  Geo  P  Putnam  and  Co.,  N  \ 


CUMBERLAND   COUNTY.  77 

orient  being  considered  illegal,  a  compromise  was  effected.  The 
apparatus  was  sold  at  a  sacrifice  under  the  hammer,  but  the  debts 
of  the  printer  were  discharged.  New  fonts  of  type  were  fur- 
nished by  the  friends  of  the  Herald  ;*  a  new  lever  press  %  was  pre- 
sented to  him,  and  he  commenced  anew,  not  quite  even  with  the 
world  in  a  pecuniary  sense,  but  rich  in  experience. 

The  Herald  was  continued  about  two  years  longer,  though  at 
the  expense  of  the  health  of  the  publisher.  Those  persons  will 
not  be  surprised  at  this  who  have  had  experience  of  the  close  con- 
finement, day  and  night,  hard  labor  and  perplexities  of  the  pub- 
lisher of  a  paper  in  a  country  village.  In  order  to  gain  a  decent 
living,  he  must  do  much  of  the  mechanical  work  with  his  own 
hands,  besides  being  book-keeper,  collector,  and,  excepting  such 
assistance  as  is  gratuitously  offered,  editor. 

In  1830  he  sold  his  subscription  list  and  right  to  publish  a  pa- 
per (during  the  occupation  of  the  field  by  his  successor)  to  Win. 
Noyes,  of  Brunswick,  who  had  recently  graduated  from  his  office. 
The  Free  Press  had  been  already  suspended.  Mr.  Noyes  imme- 
diately commenced  the  publication  of  the  Brunswick  Journal,  as 
see  notice  in  place. 

JUVENILE  KEY. 

The  Juvenile  Key,  commenced  in  1831,  was  a  child's  paper, 
nine  by  seven,  in  neatly  printed  newspaper  form,  published 
weekly  for  two  years.  A  considerable  portion  of  the  type-work 
of  this  paper  was  done  by  two  children  of  the  editor;  who,  at  the 
commencement,  were  only  nine  and  seven  years  of  age,  respec- 
tively. Their  names  appeared  as  publishers :  f  the  first,  a  daughter, 

*  Among  the  leaders  of  these  generous  friends  were  Eld.  H.  Kendall,  and  Dea.  J.  B. 
Swanton  ;  who  were  subsequently  reimbursed  by  the  transfer  of  bills  due  on  news 
paper  account. 

\  The  press  on  which  he  has  since  printed  all  his  books,  including  this  History. 

tThe  Key  had  so  good  a  reputation  among  its  patrons  that  no  less  than  seventy 
copies  were  sent  to  our  bindery  to  be  bound.  To  this  day  we  hear  it  frequently  spok- 
en of  by  its  then  young  readers,  now  at  mid-life,  as  having  by  its  precepts  and  the 
example  of  its  young  publishers  made  a  strong  and  favorable  impression  upon  their 
minds.  One  case  we  will  name.  A  boy  in  a  neighboring  town,  who  obtained  his  copy 
by  services  as  our  agent,  often  reminds  us,  that  he  owed  much  to  the  Key  for  his  ear- 
ly habits  of  industry  and  economy.     He  is  now  worth  his  tens  of  thousands. 

In  a  complimentary  notice  of  the  Key  and  its  publishers,  by  B.  B.  Thatcher,  Esq. 
then  editor  of  the  Mercantile  Journal  of  Boston,  he  said,  "  such  children  would  get  a 
living  upon  a  sand-bank!" 


7-  Til  K    N  EWS    I  R  ESS   OF   M  A  WW 

i-  dow  the  wife  of  a  clergyman  in  the  g 1  old  Granite  State, 

where,  we  trust,  Bhe  has  found  thai  her  early  experience  and 
discipline  have  been  helps  in  the  walk-  of  usefulness.  The 
second,  a  Bon,  Joseph  Wan-en  Griffin,  left  the  printing  business  at 
the  age  of  22, to  try  theses  t'"r  the  benefil  of  hi<  health.  At  the 
expiration  of  about  two  years  of  sea  life,  he  found  himself  first 
officer  on  board,  the  brig  Kershaw  in  a  voyage  from,  one  of  the 
West  [ndia  Islands  to  Savannah,  Ga.  During  the  pass  _ 
which  was  through  almosl  a  continual  hurricane  —  the  vessel  was 
several  times  knocked  down  on  her  beam  ends,  stripped,  of  her 
canvass  and  spars,  and  became  water-logged.  The  captain  gave 
up  in  hopeless  despair,  exclaiming,  ••  All  i-  lost ! "  Mr.  < rriffin  t.mk 
command,  and,  it  was  Baid,  by  superior  Beamanship  succeeded  in 
righting  the  vessel,  getting  on  her  a  little  patched  canvass,  and 
bringing  her  into  port.  *  Bu1  the  hardships  of  this  voyage  cured 
him  of  the  love  of  the  Bea.  —  In  Feb.,  1849,  al  the  age  of  25  years, 
he  took  passage  in  the  North  Bend,  at  Boston,  bound  to  Califor- 
nia, and  waa  lost  on  the  way  in  the  Straits  of  Magellan. 
I  WIll.Y  PIONEER  \M'  Ji  \  IMl.l.  KEY. 
After  the  suspension  of  the  Brunswick  Journal,  the  Key  was 
enlarged  to  a  L2  bj  9  Bize,  I  pp.,  to  make  it  more  completely  a 
family  paper  and  give  room  for  advertising.     In  this  form  it  was 

published  with  g 1  success  for  four  year-.     The  many  bound 

volumes  scattered  aboul  the  State  will  speak  for  themselves. 

The  Baptist  Herald  was  one  of  the  earliest  paper- in  New  Eng- 
land to  take  a  Btand  against  the  inroads  <>t"  intemperance,  i>\  i  \- 
posing  the  causes  leading  thereto.  In  1826  appears  in  the  Herald 
the  first  complaint  and  argumenl  against  ^discriminate  licenses 
for  the  sale  of  alcoholic  liquors.  It  was  the  endeavor  of  the  edi- 
tor of  the  Family  Pioneer  ami  Juvenile  Key  t.>  operate  upon  the 

M  ere  to  the  credit  of  this  young  man  and  fur  tin-  . 

mint  i>i'  .ill  \  oung  m  ■  ni<  -  ii .  that  he,  «  ho  «  i-  so  sell'-possesscd  nnd  efficient  in  time  of 
.1  the  moral  Brmni  I  those  itrong  temptations  of  sea-life, 

—  uae  of  tol ,  intoxicating  liquors,  ami  their  accompany  irofanity  ; — 

looked  upon  bj  those  who  indulge  in  them,  as  little  sine,  ye  >.  manlj  traits  .  but  which 
nevertheless  are  mighty  m  polling  down  the  strongholds  of  "minsoul,"  ami  in 
i  irds. 


CUMBERLAND  COUNTY.  79 

public  mind,  especially  that  of  the  young,  by  the  publication  of 
interesting  narratives,  setting  forth  in  a  clear  light,  not  only  the 
evils  of  an  intemperate  use  of  intoxicating  drinks,  but  the  dangers 
of  temperate  drinking*  The  abolition  of  negro  slavery,  and  of 
the  death  penalty  for  crime,  were  strongly  advocated  in  the  col- 
umns of  the  Pioneer  and  Key. 

After  the  new  printing  apparatus  had  been  obtained  in  1828, 
Pres.  Allen,  and  Profs.  Upham,  f  Smyth,  and  Longfellow,  began 
their  series  of  books,  (see  list  under  head  Bibliography)  the  printing 
of  which,  with  the  usual  other  work,  kept  Mr.  Griffin's  press  in 
constant  use  for  about  twenty-five  years,  and  was  the  means  of 
placing  him  in  very  comfortable  pecuniary  circumstances. 

For  twenty-nine  years  he  printed  annually  one  edition  of  the 
Catalogue  of  the  officers  and  students  of  Bowdoin  College  ;  and, 
for  the  last  twenty-two  years,  two  editions  each  year  (with  two  ex- 
ceptions). Also,  sixteen  editions  (1600  copies  each)  of  the  Triennial 
Catalogue.  The  first  semi-annual  Catalogue,  after  the  "new  de- 
parture" under  Pres.  Chamberlain,  was  wanted  in  too  much  haste 
to  be  done  on  his  slow  press,  and  he  was  obliged  to  yield  to  the 
superior  facilities  of  his  friend  Dingley's  establishment  at  Lewis- 
ton. 

*  [n  notes  on  pp.  72  and  82,  the  universal  custom  in  regard  to  the  selling  and  use  of 
ardent  spirits,  up  to  1827,  may  be  seen.  Our  object  in  introducing  this  subject  in  this 
book  is,  to  claim  for  the  united  press  a  large  share  of  the  influence  that  has  brought 
about  the  present  change. 

tThe  kindly  spirit  of  Prof.  Upham  is  manifested  in  letters  (Apr.  13  and  June  8,  '71) 
to  the  publisher.  I  had  written  him  for  assistance  in  making  up  a  list  of  his  works, 
which  had  gone  out  from  my  press.  His  answer  in  a  closing  remark  is  —  "I  have  for- 
gotten the  birth  of  some  of  my  own  books, I  have  not  forgotten  to  certify,  and 

will  say  it  here,  if  my  writings  have  been  of  benefit  to  the  public,  they  owe  no  small 
part  of  it  to  the  facilities  and  encouragement  furnished  by  the  printing  establishment 
of  my  friend  Griffin.  The  list  of  works,  which  you  have  first  introduced  to  the  notice 
of  the  public,  is  highly  creditable  to  you  ;  not  merely  on  account  of  their  number,  but 
on  account  of  the  typographical  accuracy  that  always  characterized  every  thing  which 
passed  under  your  hand."  —  Ed. 


Sn  Til  I     NEW  -    I' I:  l  SS   OF   M  UNE. 


OPBB  \'l  tV3  9. 

I    •       [get  portion  of  mj  work  has  been  done  either  by  my  own  hands,  or  by  ap- 
prentia  :"  the  feminine  gender.    At  the  present  day,  such   is   the   advance 

in  printing  machinery,  that,  in  our  city  offi<  now  more  divided  thanformcr- 

rcepting  m  anal]  office*  there  will  henceforth  be  no  occasion  for  thoroogh  ap- 
prenticeahip  by  the  nme  individual  in  all  parts  of  the  printing  business ;  hence  a  di- 
ploma to  signify  complete  education  in  the  art.  it  becoming  a  rare  thing.  This  leads 
me.  in  passing,  to  express  my  gratitude  to  some  of  the  more  efficient,  faithful  appren- 

rho  served  at  least  six  yean  in  my  office.  Among  them  was  George  Griffin 
of  Aiiilovi  r.  Mass.,  who  was  subsequently  printer  of  the  (Boston)  Anti-Masonic  Free 

during  the  Morgan  excitement,  —  afterwards  a  trader  in  Boston.  He  died 
of  consumption,  Dec.  1869,  aged  65  yean  j  leaving  in  memory  a  good  report  of  his 
character  as  a  brother,  father,  and  christian. — Another.  William  Noyes  of  Brant 
at  the  present  time  one  of  the  editors  anil  publishers  of  the  Saco  Independent. 
Hi-  works  speak  well  for  him.  —  A  third.  Justin  Jones  of  Brunswick,  for  a  long 
time  editor  ami  publisher  of  some  humorous  papers  in  Boston.  —  chosen  several  times 
within  a  few  yean  one  of  the  Representatives  t"  tin-  M  ■■  tta  Legislature  from 

old  Cambridge.  —  A  fourth  apprentice,  whose  feat  in  type-setting  at  the  aire  of  six 
years  is  recorded  in  tTie  1'ioneer  in  1 8.  M,  is  deserving  of  a  notice  here  — George  II. 
Griffin  served  a  thorough  apprenticeship  in  my  printing  office  and  store  from  his 
childhood  up  to  twenty  years  of  age.  Ho  then  went  into  the  book,  stationery  and 
room-paper  business  for  two  war-  at  W.iten  ille.  Me.  At  the  commencement  of  the 
war  of  the  rebellion,  he  left  a  good  business  m    New   York  City,  entered  the  company 

of'DuryeaZ ivea  "  as  a  private ;  was  with  tins  companj   in  the  first  battle  of  die 

war.  at  Big  Bethel,  and  w.i-  one  of  the  lew  who  advanced  over  the  first  breastwork  of 
the  enemy.     Soon  after  the  battle  he  WES   promoted  to  the  office  of  Adjutant  oi 

Battalion.  Fifth  New  York  Cavalrj .  \t  the  time  of  Banks'  retreat  through  the  Shen- 
andoah   valley,  he    WES    BO    MVerel]   wounded   b\     a   fill  from  Ills  hoTM shot  under 

him  —  that  the  enemy,  who  picked  him  op,  left  him  at  a  private  house,  where  he  was 
re-captured,  a  week  later,  by  our  forces.  After  a  partial  recover\.he  accepted  I  quar- 
terina-ter's  po-ition.  ami  served  in    North  Carolina  tO  the  end  of  the  war.      He 

a  commission  merchanl  in  St.  Louis.  —  Eight  girls  have  been  well  disciplined  at  my 
office  m  type-setting;   many   of  them   very    rapid   and  correct  compel  I 

■  the  head  of  a  family,  walking  in  the  ranks  of  ■•true  womanhood."  Mj 
iir-t  journeyman,  Georgi  \  Edes,  for  man]  yean  past,  editor  and  proprietor  of  the 
Picataquia  <  Ibservei — with  me  in  1820  and  11 — was  one  of  God's  honest,  patient  men  ; 

excellent  help  m  patting  OVS*  hard  places.  —  One  more  journeyman  1  inii-t  not  fail  to 

mention,  Wm.  Penn  stetson,  who  was  mj  foreman  for  eighteen  yean;  whose  move- 
were  regular  and  stead]  u  the  clock,  and  swii\  as  that  of  Father  Time,  to 

who-.-  forelocks  he  always  clung. —  I'd. 


( '  U  M  B  K  11  L  A  N D  COUN T  Y.  81 

Simultaneously  with  the  establishment  of  the  press  in  Bruns- 
wick was  the  opening  of  the  first  regular  bookstore  by  Mr.  Grif- 
fin. A  few  books  were  previously  kept  on  commission,  deposited 
by  Boston  and  Hallowed  booksellers  with  Capt.  Daniel  Stone,  and 
Brown  and  Humphreys.  —  From  the  entry  of  the  first  class  into 
Bowdoin  College  in  1802  to  1830,  the  students  either  purchased 
their  text-books  abroad,  or  had  them  supplied  by  the  professors 
and  charged  in  their  term-bills.  Prof.  Cleaveland  furnished  his 
classes  in  this  manner  to  the  last  year  of  his  life,  with  the  view,  as 
he  often  said  to  the  writer,  of  saving  expense  to  the  students,  sup- 
plying them  at  cost*    A  few  text-books,  however, the  printer  and 

*  There  was  one  exception  to  this  practice;  —  with  Smellie's  Philosophy  of  .Nat- 
ural History,  the  price  of  which  had  been  long  fixed,  he  desired  me  to  furnish  his 
classes,  which  was  done  for  some  twenty  years.  "  His  intense  conservatism"  (a  re- 
mark of  his  biographer)  in  respect  to  printing  and  books,  was  extremely  favorable  to 
those  whom  he  employed.  From  the  time  my  press  was  established  to  the  close  of 
his  life,  no  job  of  printing  which  came  under  his  care  (and  that  was  nearly  every 
thing  of  college  concern)  was  sent  to  any  other  office.  As  soon  as  the  third  edition 
of  his  Mineralogy  was  called  for,  he  requested  his  publishers,  Hilliard  and  Gray,  to 
have  the  work  printed  by  me.  I  have  on  file  a  written  agreement  with  said  house, 
dated  Sept.,  1823,  to  print  the  third  edition,  expecting  to  commence  the  work  during 
the  ensuing  winter  vacation.  That  time  came,  but  no  copy  was  ready.  He  thought 
to  be  ready  by  the  succeeding  autumn ;  after  which  time  he  gave  no  more  encourage- 
ment in  regard  to  the  printing  ;  remarking  only,  when  questioned,  that  he  was  "  pro- 
gressing as  rapidly  with  the  work  as  his  college  duties  would  let  him."  His  publish- 
ers offered  him  one  thousand  dollars  for  liberty  to  reprint  a  thousand  copies  of  the 
second  edition  without  change,  but  he  declined. 

It  was  a  pleasure  to  work  for  the  professor,  on  account  of  the  plainness  of  his  copy, 
which  was  equal  to  print ;  and  when  prepared,  unless  it  was   to  add  a  new  name  in  a 

catalogue,  he  never  altered  a  word. It  was  his   sensitiveness  on  points  of  order 

and  correctness,  doubtless,  that  led  him  to  take  charge  of  the  printing  and  distribu- 
tion of  the  Triennial  and  Medical  School  Catalogues  during  his  life,  and  of  the  annual 
college  Catalogue  (even  to  sale  and  payment)  until  the  accession  of  Dr.  Allen  to  the 
presidency.  —  Until  within  the  few  last  years  of  his  life,  the  students'  term-bills  were 
all  made  out,  and  recorded  by  his  hand.  Although  he  gave  the  writer  credit  for  "  a 
large  bump  of  order,"  in  the  arrangement  of  accounts,  it  was  almost  an  impossibility 
to  cast  up  the  large  and  somewhat  complicated  term-bills  without  some  small  error 
that  his  eye  was  sure  to  detect. 

It  is  a  question  whether  the  professor's  duty  to  the  world  should  not  have  con- 
strained him  to  forego  some  of  his  onerous  duties  to  the  college  which  other  hands 
could  have  done,  though  perhaps  not  as  well,  that  he  might  have  finished  the  work 
which  seemed  to  have  been  designed  for  him.  —  Ed. 
11 


vj  Til  E    \  I'.  WS  PRESS  Ol     M  \  1  \  I.. 

bookseller  finds  uj >•  >n  record,  delivered  t>>  members  <>f  college  in 
1820  and  1 821,  (evidence  thai  he  Bold  books  at  that  early  day,) 
whose  names  and  persons  it  is  pleasanl  for  him  to  recall,  :i-  well 
from  early,  as  from  later  associations: — racob  Abbott,  Medediah 
Cobb,  *  Joshua  W.  Hathaway,  *Josiah  II.  Hobbs,  Thomas  T, 
Stone,  Ruins  K.  Cushing,  James  Larry,  'Joseph  Libby,  G 
Packard,  Joseph  H.Abbott,  John  Appleton,  *Luther  V.  \»V, 
Jonas  Burnham,  *  Egbert  B.  Coffin,  *  Win.  I'itt  Fessenden,  *  .T . »lm 
Ml  > .  ■  1 1  •  1 1  •  I .  Lory  <  M<-ll.  ( !ah  in  E.  Stowe,  <  reorge  P.  <  riddings,  and 

a  few  others;  all  of  whom  have  made  a  g 1  mark  upon  the  age; 

Beveral  of  them  prominent.  Aboul  half  the  number,  as  indicated 
by  the  star,  have  gone  np  t<>  their  higher  reward. 

In  1822,  Charles  Weld  (who proposed  to  add  needed  capital 
to  the  Btore)  was  received  into  partnership,  and  the  stock  was  en- 
larged.   This  partnership  was  soon  dissolved.     Mr.  Weld  contin- 

ned  the  I kstore  aboul  one  year;  finding  it  nol  remunerative,  he 

sold  out  by  auction.  The  printer  removed  his  apparatus  in  lv-Jii 
to  tlic  upper  story  of  the  building  he  now  occupies,  commencing 

again  to  keep  a  few  1 ks  in  his  counting-room  —  obtaining  them 

from  Portland  and  Boston  houses  in  exchange  for  work.  And 
this  was  the  neucleus  ofwhal  has  become,  since  Is-';.'!,  the  College 
Bookstore,  from  which  mosl  of  1 1 1 » -  college  text-books  have  been 
furnished. 


PEBIOnil   ILS  "1     BBUN8W1CK  -Contliraad. 

Tin.  Esckitoeb,  a  monthly,  was  published  in  ls-J''>  'J7.  l>\  a 
olub  of  students  in  Bowdoin  College,  of  which  John  Hodgdon 
was  chairman.  It  was  a  pamphlet  of  82  pp.  s  \"..  printed  for  six 
months  bj  •!   <  triffin. 

Tin:  Northern  [rib,  a  monthly  of  82 pp.,  unit  forth  also 
from  tin  Bowdoin  press  (far  -i\  months,  in  lx--".'.  The  editor  and 
publisher  was  Sumner  Lincoln  Fairfield,  a  gentleman  from  the 
South.  It  was  edited  with  ability;  but,  depending  on  unsolicited 
patronage,  it  was  not  remunerative.  Mr.  Fairfield  had  consider- 
able i'  ('in  m it  n  as  a  poet      He  died  w  bile  > oung 


C  U  M  B  E  R  I .  A  N  1)    C  O  U  N  T  7 .  83 

Uownoix  Si  ikntific  Kkyikw,  commenced  in  1871,  issued 
fortnightly,  16  pp.  12m.,  from  Dirigley's  press,  Lewiston.  It  is 
■devoted  to  contemporary  science.  Professors  C.  F.  Brackett, 
M.  D.,  and  G.  L.  Goodale,  M.  D.,  of  Bowdoin  College,  editors. 

The  Orient,  published  every  alternate  week  during  the  col- 
legiate year,  by  members  of  the  Senior  Class  of  Bowdoin  College. 
The  first  year  of  this  handsomely  printed  and  well  conducted 
periodical  of  16  pp.,  9  by  G,  has  just  ended.  It  was  founded  by 
J.  G.  Abbott,  of  the  class  of  72,  who  became  the  managing  and 
principal  editor.  The  following  are  editors  for  the  second  year — 
A.  P.  Wiswell,  W.  A.  Blake,  J.  F.  Elliot,  A.  F.  Moulton,  and  G. 
S.  Mower. 

Other  weekly  papers,  which  have  been  published  in  Bruns- 
wick, are  as  follows: 

In  1827  appeared  the  Androscoggin  Free  Press,  a  royal 
folio,  (26  by  20),  Whig,  —  edited  and  published  by  Moore  and 
Wells,  assisted  by  William  A.  Packard,  B.  A.  It  was  continued 
about  two  years. 

In  1830  the  Brunswick  Journal  made  its  appearance.  This 
was  a  royal  folio  sheet,  published  by  William  Noyes.  Associated 
with  him  a  part  of  the  time  was  Henry  W.  Fairfield,  now  printer 
of  the  New  England  Farmer,  Boston.  The  Journal  was  a  Whig 
paper,  supporting  J.  G.  Hunton  for  Governor  of  Maine,  and  Henry 
Clay  for  President  of  the  United  States.  Charles  Packard,  Esq., 
then  Attorney  at  Law,  edited  it  for  a  short  time ;  after  wdiich 
Francis  D.  and  John  S.  Cushing  were  the  principal  writers.  It 
was  a  well  conducted  paper,  but  was  published  but  one  year  and 
three  months. 

1836  —  The  Eastern  Baptist,  published  by  the  Baptist  As- 
sociation for  one  year.  It  was  edited  by  Elder  David  Nutter,  and 
.printed  by  T.  S.  McLellan. 

1837  —  The  Regulator,  royal  folio,  Democratic  —  published 


v  I  Til  r.    \  EWS    I'  I:  ESS   OF   MAINE. 

weekly  for  two  yean  by  Theodore  S.  McLellan;  I.  A.  Beard, 
editor. 

1842 — The  Bbi  nswickbr,  neutral,  printed  and  published  for 
one  year  by  'I'.  8.  McLellan;  John  Dunlap,  15.  A.,  editor. 

1845 —  The  Forester,  printed  and  published  by  E.  N 
:in<l  Stan  wood;  II.  A.  Stanw 1.  editor. 

1^"»1—  Tin-  .h  \  i:\n.i:  Temperance  W  \  i <ii m  w.  edited  and 
published  by  Howard  Owen,  who  La  dow  one  <>t'  the  enterprising 
editors  and  publishers  of  the  Augusta  Journal.  At  twelve  years 
of  age,  Mr.  Owen  manifested  his  early  industrious  habits  by  pub- 
lishing a  little  weekly  called  the  Sim,  written  in  Roman  letters.  * 

[855 —  The  Musical  Journal,  monthly ;  Geo.  W.  Chase,  edi- 
tor and  proprietor. 

BRI  NSWICK  TELEUR  \l'll. 

Tlii>  paper  was  commenced  in  ls">:)  by  Waldron  and  Moore, 
as  publishers,  and  Win.  <i.  Barrows,  Esq.,  as  editor.  The  pub- 
lishers in   ls-"'t'>  transferred   their  interesl  to  Geo.  W.  Chase,  who 

•  Our  attention  being  again  called  to  the  temperance  movement,  we  wish  to  add,  as 
well  ai  correct,  •>  statement  in  the  n^t.-  on  p.  ',:.    Th<  ted,  «•  bav< 

learned, kept  liquora, a  little  aecluded,in  a  basement,  The  statement, thai  respectable 
women,  who  came  from  the  out-posta  of  the  Tillage  to  market  and  to  pun 
(Inl  occasionally  call  for  a  glass  t<>  drink  in  the  store,  notvt  ithstanding  the  doubts  of  oui 
correspondent,  i*  confirmed  bj  eye  w  itnesses,  —till  In  hil'.  Vnd  whj  should  tins  prac 
pear  strange,  when  the  »!»>/  rupectablt  and  influential  own  in  <«nr  village  kept 
uid  when  it  was  the  custom  of  ever]  familj  in  good  standing  ti>  keep  m- 
toxii  ituiL'  liquors  to  us..  ;is  ,i  beverage,  ranking  them  among  the  necessaries  of  life  ; 
and  when  it  was  considered  mean  not  t<>  offer  them  to  guests!  —  i in-  minister  of  the 
1  I  in  his  parochial  calls,  and  the  familj   physician  were  specially  treated.    The 

f-n -i. mm-  prevailing  here,  were  practiced  through  i>nr  whole  conntrj  np  to  aboi  I 
Within  a  ver)  few  years  from  thai  time  the  respectable  traders  of  Brunswick,  with 
but  one  exception,  quit  the  business,    l      LD  oiel  Stone  was  the  tir-t  who  n 

by  the  g  ■  .  Brom  Monmouth,  opened  the  firsl  temperance 

The  traders  of  Brunswick   in   I8S0  were  the  monied  men.    Outside  of  this  i 
there  was  mui  li  poverty  ;  consequent!}  the  manj  young  nun.  traders  and  met  I 

«li"  c ■  t'r.'in  abroad  to  establish  themselves  here  between  the  y 

culated  -is  t"  tin'  available  means  of  die  place,trosted  out  their  goods,  and 

r.ui.d  — /.,/ 


CUMBERLAND  COUNTY.  85 

published  it  as  editor  .and  proprietor  about  one  year,  when  Howard 
Owen,  now  of  the  Kennebec  Journal,  was  admitted  as  a  partner, 
ami  took  charge  of  the  agricultural  department.  After  being  con- 
nected with-  the  establishment  about  five  months,  Mr.  Owen  be- 
came dissatisfied  with  his  unremunerated  labors,  and  sold  his 
interest  to  Mr.  Chase.  Early  in  1857,  Mr.  Chase  abandoned  the 
Telegraph,  —  went  to  Bath,  where  he  published  the  Masonic  Jour- 
nal and  taught  music.  Mr.  A.  G.  Tenney,  a  graduate  of  Bowdoin 
College,  class  of  1835,  purchased  the  Telegraph  establishment 
in  1857,  re-issued  the  paper,  and  has  since  continued  to  edit  and 
publish  it  weekly.  The  character  of  this  paper  has  been  of 
the  independent  type:  —  it  would  not  be  possible  to  confine 
its  editor  strictly  to  the  rules  of  any  party  in  politics  or  religion. 
Mr.  Tenney  does  not  lack  the  talent  to  make  as  good  and  hand- 
some a  paper  as  the  people  of  Brunswick  will  support. 

Several  apprentices,  educated  at  the  Telegraph  office,  have  be- 
come publishers  of  papers  and  good  journalists ;  among  whom  are 
Howard  Owen,  above  named,  and  F.  Asbury  Macomber,  now  one 
of  the  publishers  of  that  well  conducted  weekly,  the  Suffolk  Coun- 
ty Journal,  at  Boston  Highlands,  Mass. 


BRIDGTON. 


BR1DGTON  REPORTER. 
The  Bridgton  Reporter  was  first  started  in  Bridgton  in  1858 
by  Samuel  Noyes,  of  Nashua,  N".  H.,  and  edited  by  Charles  Sam- 
son, a  native  of  Bridgton.  Mr.  Samson,  in  a  year  or  two,  was  suc- 
ceeded by  Enoch  Knight,  Esq.,  of  Lovell,  Me.,  now  of  the 
Portland  Star,  who,  in  the  fall  of  1861  went  to  the  war  as  cap- 
tain in  the  12th  Maine,  and  was  succeeded  in  the  editorial  chair 
by  Geo.  Warren,  of  Gorham,  Me.  In  May,  1862,  the  Reporter 
was  purchased  by  Capt.  Horace  C.  Little,  of  Auburn,  and  was 
edited  again  by  Mr.  Samson,  and  afterward  by  Miss  Lizzie  Flye, 


THE    N  E  W  S  PRESS  Ol     MAINE. 

of  Denmark,  Me.    In  the  fall  of  1863,  Augustus  Phelps,  of  Bridg- 
ton, boughl  "lit  ('apt.  Little,  and  changing  the  Dame  t<>  the 

BRlDGTOfl  -r.\  i  i\i  i  . 
Made  it  a  political  paper,  in  the  interests  of  the  republican  party, 
with  David  Bale,  Esq.,  of  Bridgton,  editor.     In  March,  lv,'4.  the 
office  with  all  it-  contents  was  destroyed,  and  Bridgton  was  with- 
out a  local  paper  till  the  advenl  of  the 

BRIDGTON  NEWS 
The  I  Ji;i  i  •« .  i  oh  Wiikiv  News,  an  independent  local  and 
family  newspaper,  published  at  Bridgton  Center,  was  estab- 
lished in  September,  1870, by  II.  A.  Shorey,  editor  and  proprietor. 
Mr.  S.  i-  a  practical  printer,  Berving  hi-  time  with  Geo.  1.  New*- 
man,  Eastern  Times  office,  Bath;  following  the  fortunes  of  thai 
establishment  u hen  unite. 1  with  tin-  Northern  Tribune ;  completing 
his  apprenticeship  with  Clark  and  Robert — afterward  Gilman 
and  Roberts  —  in  L861  ;  at  which  time  lie  enlisted  for  the  war  as 
Becond  lieutenanl  (afterward  captain1)  in  the  Fifteenth  Maine 
Volunteers.  In  March,  1865,  he  was  breveted  Major,  ufor  <j;:\\- 
lant  and  meritorious  services  during  the  war."  Upon  hi-  return 
home  he,  with  E.  Upton,  purchased  ami  published  the  Bath  Sen- 
tinel and  limes,  (daily  and  weekly),  which  they  continued  until 
Sept.  I,  I860,  when  the  paper  was  Bold  toW.  E.  S.Whitman.  In 
Jan.,  l^Tn.  was  commenced  the  publication  at  Bath  <>t'  the  Maine 
Temperance  Advocate,  of  which  Mr.  Shore]  was  also  editor;  this 
paper  was  published  in  the  interests  of  "Enforced  Prohibition.'' 
It  wa-  discontinued  in  August,  lsTi».  ami  in  September  of  the 
same  year  he  established  himself  at  Bridgton.  The  constantly 
increasing  patronage  to  the  News  gives  evidence,  Bays  a  corres- 
pondent, of  its  permanent  Buocess.  Mr.  S.  is  a  native  of  Water- 
ville. 


THE 


PRESS  OF  KENNEBEC  COUNTY. 


HALLOWELL. 


BY    E.    ROWELL. 


EASTERN  STAR. 
Hallowell  claims  the  honor  of  publishing  the  first  newspaper 
on  the  Kennebec.     It  was  called  the  Eastern   Star,  and  com- 
menced its  existence  on  the  fourth  of  August,  1794  —  Howard  S- 
Robinson,  proprietor.     The  Star  was  sxtcceeded  by 

THE  TOCSIJN. 
This  paper  was  published  by  Wait  and  Baker  in  1795*  On  the- 
fourteenth  of  November,  of  the  same  year, 

THE  KENNEBEC  INTELLIGENCER 
Was  established  in  the  northern  part  of  Hallowell  (now  Augusta} 
by  Peter  Edes.  Its  size  was  11  by  16  inches.  The  Tocsin  and 
Intelligencer  were  the  only  papers  published  in  Maine,  east 
of  Portland,  at  this  time.  By  the  most  indomitable  enterprise 
and  perseverance,  these  papers  were  enabled  to  publish  news 
from  London  in  sixty-one  clays  !  and  congressional  proceedings  at 
Philadelphia,  Perm.,  in  sixteen  days  ! 

The  Tocsin  lived  but   a  few  years.     The  Intelligencer  was 
changed  to  the  Kennebec  Gazette  in  1800;  and,  in  1810,  became 

*  Thomas  B.  Wait,  of  the  Falmouth  Gazette,  and  John  K.  Baker,  formerly  an  ap- 
prentice in  the  Falmouth  Gazette  office.  In  September,  1796,  they  sold  the  paper  to' 
Benjamin  Poor,  of  the  Hook,  who  continued  its  publication  about  a  year. — North'.* 
Hist.  Augusta. 


sv  Til  I.    N  I.  W  -    PRESS  01    MAIN  I. 

THE   HERALD  OF  LIBERTY, 

Which  oame  it   retained  until  it-  discontinuance  in  1815,  when 
Edee  removed  his  estahlishmenl  to  Bangor.  " 
AMERICAN    ADVOCATE 
The  American  Advocate,  a  Democratic  Republican  paper,  was 
established  by  Nathaniel  Cheever  in  the  year  1810.     Mr,  CI  • 
was  succeeded  bj  S.  K.  Gilman,  who  published  the  paper:  for  >i.\. 
years,  and  then  Bold  to  C.  Spaulding,  who  subsequently  disposed 
of  the  establishment  t"  Sylvanus  W.  Robinson  and  II.  K.  Baker. 
Messrs.  Robinson  and    Baker  continued  the  publication  until  its 
union  with  the  Free  Pj 

II  \l.l.<>\\  TELL  GAZETTE. 

The  Ballowell  Gazette,  Federal  in  politic-,  was  established  by 

(J lale  and   Burton,  in   the  year   1 814,  and   was  continued  t< >r 

aboul  twenty  years. 

*  Peter  Edes,  the  pioneer  printer  and  newspaper  publisher  al  lugusta,waaa  son 
f >t"  Benjamin  Edes,  a  well  known  printer  and  newspaper  publisher  :it  an  earlv  day  in 
Boston.     He  came  to  the  Fort  Western  settlement,  in  Hallowell,  in  1795,  and  com- 

need  the  publication  of  the  Kennebec  Intelligencer  in  the  fall  <>f  thai 

irdent  federalist,  and  in  high  part]  times  was  threatened  with  personal  i 
for  the  manifestation  "t  his  seal  in  the  c  uise.    The  threat  he  did  ""t  fail  t"  properly 
II'    raa  spirited,  energetic  and  industrious,  small  in  stature, 
with  spindle  ihanks,  his  legs  being  quite  deficient  of  calves,  and  as  hi 
cording  to  the  t'.i-ln>>ii  of  the  time,  in  small  clothes  with  long  stockings  to  th< 
tin*  defect  « .^  quite  noticeable.    When  he  removi  <'■  to  Bangor  be  took  Ins  tjpea  and 
rith   him.    They  were  moved  by  Ephraim  Ballard  with  a  team  of  sii   oxen. 
The  load  is  said  to  have  weighed  four  tons,  and  on  account  of  thi  of  the 

Kennebec  bridge  it  was  taken  across  a  pari  at  a  time.    The  journej   I 
proved  difficult,  occupying  the  team  three  weeks  in  going  and  returning.    Th< 
if  removal  was  onlj  %\  IS,"  which  Edes  considered  quite  moderate.     v 
nor  In-  commenced  the  publication  of  tl"    B        r  Wei        i        tei  ei  which 

doubtful  politics,  but   he  probablj  did  nol  so  regard  it.  i-  he  in- 
quired  of  an  tugusl  i  correspondent  ••  «  bal  do  the  people  -  ij  of  mj  It  ingor  democratic 

i  is  to  have  I >>  pleased  with  in*  new  situation,  and  thought  ho 

could  "make  out  to  live,  if  nothing  more,"  while,  he  i  I  \     astahehad  "sunk 

rtj  li\  tarrying  so  l"i>L'  «i'I>  so  little  encouragement." 

The  veteran  editor  and  pioneer  publisher  in  the  largest  cities  of  central  and  eastern 

M      •    removed   t"   Baltimore,  Md.,  and  lived   many  years  with  Benjamin  Edes,  his 

son.    I!-    ifterward    returned  to  Bangor  and  lived  with  a  widowed  daughter  until  his 

March  29, 1840,  at  I  —  Vorth't  HuL  cfAugtuta 


KENNEBEC   COUNTY.  6g 

FREE   PRESS. 

The  Free  Press,  Anti-Masonic,  was  afterward  established  by 
Anson  G.  Herrick,  and  was  subsequently  edited  by  R.  D.  Rice. 
It  was  finally  merged  with  the  Advocate,  and  published  under 
the  title  of  Free  Press  and  Advocate. 

GENIUS  OF  TEMPERANCE. 

The  Genius  of  Temperance,  devoted  to  the  temperance  re- 
form, was  established  in  January,  1828;  published  semi-monthly 
by  Glazier  and  Co.,  for  P.  Crandall,  editor  and  proprietor.  It  con- 
tinned  about  two  years,  without  pecuniary  advantage  to  the 
proprietor. 

CULTIVATOR  AND   GAZETTE. 

The  Maine  Cultivator  and  Weekly  Gazette  was  established  by 
T.  W.  Newman  and  R.  G.  Lincoln,  Sept.  28,  1839,  under  the  edi- 
torial management  for  two  years  of  Win.  A.  Drew.  It  was 
devoted  prominently  to  "  Agriculture  and  the  Mechanic  Arts," 
for  the  first  few  years,  and  received  a  fair  support  from  the  citi- 
zens of  Hallowell  and  surrounding  country.  Messrs.  Newman 
and  Lincoln  continued  as  publishers  until  March,  1842;  T.  W. 
Newman  from  that  date  until  Sept.,  1843 ;  T.  W.  and  G.  E.  New- 
man to  Sept.,  1845;  T.  W.  Newman  and  E.  Rowell  from  Sept., 
1845,  to  June,  1852  ;  E.  Rowell  and  II.  L.  Wing  to  June,  1854; 
E.  Rowell  from  June,  1854,  to  Nov.  1859;  E.  Rowell  and  Charles 
E.  Nash  to  June,  1862 ;  E.  Rowell  from  June,  1862,  to  June,  1865 ; 
Charles  E.  Nash  to  Sept.,  1869;  and  by  Henry  Chase  from  that 
time  to  the  present  writing,  July,  1871.  In  1850  the  heading  of 
the  paper  was  reversed,  taking  the  name  of  Hallowell  Gazette 
and  Maine  Cultivator;  and  at  the  commencement  of  the  fifteenth 
volume,  Sept.,  1853,  the  second  heading  was  dropped,  retaining 
only  Hallowell  Gazette.  After  Mr.  Chase  became  publisher,  the 
name  was  again  changed  to  the  Saturday  Gazette,  now  dis- 
continued. Mr.  Rowell,  who  was  connected  with  the  Culti- 
vator and  Gazette  as  employe,  or  editor  and  publisher,  from 
Sept.,  1839,  to  June,  1865,  has  complete  files  of  the  paper  from  its 
commencemenl  —  volumes  of  rare  interest,  to  those  especially  who 

have  been  participants  in  the  stirring  events  of  the  period. 
12 


Til  i:    \  EWS   PR  ES9  OF   M  \  i  \  i: . 
THE    LIBERT)    STANDARD. 

The  Liberty  Standard,  devoted  to  the  cause  of  negro  emanci- 
pation, was  established  by  Rev.  J.  ( '.  \.<>\  ejoy,  editor  and  propri- 
etor, about  the  y<  L840.  Mr.  Lovejoy  was  a  rigorous  writer, 
and  the  enemies  of  universal  emancipation  and  the  cause  of  tem- 
perance were  often  severely  handled.  Rev.  Austin  Willej 
ward  conducted  the  paper  with  marked  ability.  It  was  published 
for  some  -i\  or  eight  years,  '"it,  as  a  business  enterprise,  was  not 
considered  successful.  It  was  printed  a1  the  Cultivator  and  Ga- 
zette office,  l>\  Messrs.  Newman  and  RowelL 

KENNEBEC   I  01  RIER. 

A  paper  called  the  Kennebec  Courier  was  published  in  Ilal- 
lowell  for  a  year  or  twobyT.  W.  Newman,  commencing 
time  in  lx'il  or '62.  It  was  afterward  removed  to  Bath,  where 
it  lingered  for  a  time,  and  then  vanished  away.  There  was 
another  paper  published  here  for  a  few  months  by  J.  W.  May  and 
A.  C.  Currier,  called  the  Northern  Light.  That  also  ended  its 
existence  withoul  pecuniary  benefil  to  it-  publishers. 

Mr.  (> lale,  the  first  proprietor  of  the  old  ETallowel]  Gazette, 

established  the  Brsl  ' kstore  in  Hallowell  —  the  only  one  east  of 

Portland,  al  that  time.  En  the  year  ls-J",  Mr.  Goodale  formed  a 
connection  with  Franklin  Glazier  and  Andrew  Masters  in  the  book 
publishing  and  binding  business.  This  firm  published  the  first 
.Maine  Law  Reports;  and  in  fad  this  was  the  chief  book  publish- 
ing  house  in  tin- State  for  many  years.  The  firm  was  subsequently 
changed  to  Glazier,  Masters  and  Smith;  then  t"  Masters,  Smith 
and  Co.,  and  finally,  at  the  presenl  writing,  t"  Masters  and  Liver- 
more.     Mr.  Masters  came  to  Hallowel]  in  the  year  1815,  and  is 

the  oldesl  printer  and   I k  publisher  in  the  State.4     He  is  now 

active  in  business,  and  may  be  found  al  the  case  almost  any 
working  day  in  the  year,  setting  type  as  rapidly  and  oorrectl) 
as  ever.  Mr.  J.  !•'..  Smith,  former!)  of  tlii-  firm,  is  now  cashier  <>t 
the  Northern  National  Bank  of  Hall.. well. 

Mr.  Cheever  connected  a  bookstore  with  lii-  printing  establish- 
ment about  the  year  L812,  and  published  several  books  on  bis  own 

"Mi    M     '•  ■    ••  i    not  established  in  business  until  1820    J   Ciriffin  in  1819 


K  E  N  i\  E  B  E  C   COUNT  Y.  91 

account,  and  for  Boston  publishers.  His  health  failing  a  year  or 
two  afterward,  he  sold  out  his  establishment  to  S.  K.  Gilman,  and 
went  south  for  the  benefit  of  his  health.  He  died  in  Augusta, 
Ga.,  after  being  there  a  few  weeks.  Mr.  Gilman  transferred  the 
bookstore  to  Calvin  Spaulding  in  1820,  and  the  printing  establish- 
ment in  the  autumn  of  1824,  Mr.  Spaulding  carried  on  the  book 
and  newspaper  business  for  several  years,  and  then  disposed  of 
the  printing  business  and  material  to  Messrs.  Robinson  and  Baker, 
as  before  stated.  He  has  continued  the  book-selling  business 
until  the  present  time,  having  occupied  the  same  store  for  more 
than  fifty  years.  He  came  to  Hallowell  in  the  year  1812,  at  the 
aee  of  fifteen  vears.     He  is  now  an  active  business  man.* 

Among  those  now  living  who  have  been  engaged  in  the  news- 
paper business  in  Hallowell,  are  S.  K.  Gilman,  now  Judge  of  the 
municipal  court  of  the  city;  C.  Spaulding,  now  bookseller  in  Hal- 
lowell; R.  D.  Rice,  now  President  of  Maine  Central  Railroad ;  H. 
K.  Baker,  now  Judge  of  Probate  for  the  County  of  Kennebec ; 
Anson  G.  Herrick,  one  of  the  proprietors  of  the  New  York  Sun- 
day Morning  Atlas ;  T.  W.  Newman,  now  compositor  in  the  New 
York  Tribune  office;  G.  E.  Newman,  now  job  printer  in  Bath;  E. 
Rowell,  now  postmaster  at  Hallowell ;  Chas.  E.  Nash,  now  one  of 
the  proprietors  of  the  Kennebec  Journal ;  and  Henry  Chase,  pro- 
prietor of  the  Gazette  until  it  was  discontinued,  Dec.  9,  1871. 

It  would  be  interesting  to  sketch  the  history  of  all  those  mem- 
bers of  the  Hallowell  press  alluded  to  in  this  brief  article.  Most 
of  them  were  practical  printers,  and  men  of  business  enter]  (rise 
and  moral  worth.  Those  who  have  passed  away  have  left  their 
"  imprint "  for  good  upon  the  community,  while  those  nowT  in  ac- 
tive life  exert,  to  say  the  least,  an  average  beneficent  influence  in 
business,  political  and  moral  circles.  We  trust  some  future  his- 
torian of  the  press  may  complete  a  history  thus  briefly  and  hur- 
riedly inaugurated. 

Hallowell,  July,  1871. 

*  In  1820  to  '23.  I  went  to  Hallowell  occasionally  for  books,  and  to  Gardiner  for 
paper.  I  traded  with  Mr.  Spaulding  fifty  years  ago,  and  brought  books  from  the  building 
he  now  occupies  to  the  building  still  occupied  by  me.  The  agreement  in  our  apes, 
—  lean,  5  1-2  ft.,  wiry  frames.  —  time  of  continuance  in  similar  occupations,  etc.,  are 
•coincidences  that  create  no  little  degree  of  brotherly  feeling. — Ed. 


92  'I'll  I-    N  BWS    P  R  ESS   OF   MAIN  E. 

A  l<.  D  BTA 

[TJ*  For  the  history  of  the  pn  Indedinbrai 

or  otherwise  designated,  we   are   

published,  1870,,  in 
and  N 

KENNEBEC  [NTE1  LIGEN(  I 
[This  \\:i-  the  first  paper  published  in  Augusta.  It  was  com- 
menced in  1795  in  what  was  then  the  aorthern  pari  ofHallowell, 
called  Fori  Weston  settlement  Fifteen  months  later  the  place 
was  incorporated  under  the  name  of  Augusta.  It  was  after  the 
incorporation  of  the  new  town  that  the  Dame  of  the  [ntelligencer 
u.i-  changed  to  Kennebec  Gazette,  and  subsequently  to  the  Her- 
ald of  Liberty.     For  other  particulars  Bee  page  vT. 

\i  i,i  STA    PATRIOT. 

Proposals  were  issued  December  12, 1816,  by  James  Burton, 
Jr.,  for  publishing  the  Augusta  Patriot,  in  which  he  said,ttper- 
sonal  invective,  political  rancor,  and  sectarian  heat,  shall  be  rigidly 
excluded  from  its  columns."  Burton  had  been  an  apprentice  of 
Peter  Edes,  and  had  started  the  Hallowell  Gazette,  a  federal  pa- 
per, in  company  with  Ezekiel  Goodale,  in  January,  1814.  The 
first  Dumber  of  the  Patriol  was  issued  March  7.  1817.  Both  the 
republican  and  federal. nominations  appeared  conspicuously  in  it. 
It  probably  was  doI  sufficiently  partizan  for  the  times,  and  died  a 

r  or  two  after  from  want  <>t"  patronage. 

KENNEBEC  JOl  RN  \l 

In  the  fall  of  1823,  Augusta  having  beeo  for  some  time  with- 
out a  Dewspaper,  the  citizcos  through  their  committee  invited 
Luther  Severance  and  Russell  Eaton  to  establish  a  newspaper  in 
their  town.]  The  press  was  sel  up  in  the  Branch  brick  store  at 
the  southeast  corner  of  Bridge  and  Water  streets,  where  the  first 
Dumber  of  the  Journal  was  Btruok  ofl,  January  8th,  bj  Benjamin 
Davis,  Esq.,  who  was  pn  —  nt  and  "gave  the  j»nll  and  t « •« .k  the  pa- 
per,*1 which  In-  has  preserved  as  a  memeuto  of  the  event.  As  the 
subscription  lisl  al  1 1 1 i -  time  was  small,  numbering  bul  four  hun- 
dred and  fifty,  nod  slowlj  increased,  it  became  necessary  for  the 
publishers  to  practice  a  stricl  eooDomy.    The}    performed  all  the 


k  KNJN  P.BRC   COUNTY.  93 

labor  of  composition  and  press  work  with  the  assistance  of  only 
one  apprentice.  Severance,  who  furnished  the  editorials,  was  in 
the  habit  of  putting  a  portion  of  them  in  type  without  writing. 
This  was  done  to  save  time,  "  thus  uniting "  —  as  has  been  re- 
marked by  Mr.  Blaine  —  "  with  ease  and  rapidity,  a  mechanical 
and  mental  process,  which  gave  early  proof  of  that  well  digested 
and  concise  mode  of  thought,  which  subsequently  distinguished 
him  as  a  political  writer  of  ready  force  and  condensed  power." 

In  October,  1833,  the  Journal  was  enlarged  a  column  to  the 
page  and  proportionally  lengthened.  This  became  necessary 
from  the  growing  demand  for  '  more  space  to  treat  of 
themes  of  public  interest,  in  the  discussion  of  which  it  was  taking 

LTJTHEE   SEVERANCE. 
A  brief  from  North's  History  of  Augusta. 

Luther  Severance  was  the  son  of  Elihu  Severance,  a  farmer  at  Cazenovia,  N.  Y. 
He  was  born  in  Oct.  1707,.  He  worked  upon  the  farm  and  attended  the  village  school 
until  his  seventeenth  year,  when  he  went  to  Peterborough  to  learn  the  art  of  printing 
-of  Jonathan  Bunce.  With  him  he  remained  five  years;  when,  being  of  age,  he  sought 
work  as  a  journeyman  printer.  He  found  employment  at  Philadelphia  with  Wm. 
Duane,  publisher  of  the  Aurora,  a  newspaper  which  supported  the  administration  of 
Pres.  Munroe.  He  remained  more  than  a  year  in  Philadelphia,  and  wrote,  among 
other  things  for  the  Aurora,  a  communication  upon  the  subject  of  the  Missouri  Com- 
promise (a  subject  then  agitating  the  country),  which  did  him  great  credit.  In  the 
fall  of  1820  he  went  to  Washington  and  obtained  work  in  the  Intelligencer  Office 
where  he  remained,  with  slight  interruptions,  until  he  went  to  Augusta.  In  1829  he 
was  elected  by  the  National  Republican  party  to  represent  Augusta  in  the  Legislature. 
In  1835  and  '36  he  was  elected  to  the  Senate  from  Kennebec.  In  1839  and  '40  he 
-was  again  in  the  House  of  Representatives.  In  1843  he  was  elected  to  Congress  ; 
and  again  in  J  845.  He  was  one  of  the  vice-presidents  at  the  national  convention 
which  nominated  Gen.  Taylor  to  the  presidency. 

Upon  the  election  of  Gen.  Taylor  and  the  accession  of  the  Whigs  to  power,  Mr. 
Severance,  who  had  for  some  years  suffered  much  from  ill  health,  desired  the  appoint- 
ment of  the  United  States  Commissioner  to  the  Sandwich  Islands  in  the  hope  that  the 
salubrity  of  the  climate  of  those  islands  might  restore  him.  In  this  he  was  gratified, 
after  some  delay  made  by  southern  senators  on  account  of  his  anti-slavery  views. 
Accompanied  by  his  family,  he  sailed  from  Boston  for  Honolulu  on  the  22d  day  of 
August,  1850,  and  safely  reached  his  destination  on  the  12th  day  of  the  following 
January.     He  remained  nearly  three  years  commissioner  at  the  Sandwich  Islands,  ac- 


'.i  I  THE    NEWS   PRESS  OF   M  \  I  M.. 

a  leading  ]>art.  Tn  Jane  of  the  Bame  year  Mr.  Baton  retired  from 
the  establishment,  leaving  Mr.  Severance  the  Bole  proprietor  and 
manager  for  several  years,  until,  in  the  1  >•-•_: i 1 1 j 1 1 1 1 -_r  of  Is:;'.'.  1 
half  of  the  paper  and  establishment  to  John  Dorr,  who  had  been 
engaged  al  Belfast  in  publishing  the  Waldo  Patriot  This  con- 
nection was  a  fortunate  and  profitable  one  t<>  the  partners,  and 
continued  until  Mr.  Severance  was  appointed  commissioner  to  the 
Sandwich  Islands  in  1850,  when  the  Journal  passed  into  the  hands 
of  William  II.  Wheeler  and  William  II.  Simpson,  and  was  edited 
by  Mr.  Wheeler.  Win-. ■in-  sold  his  interest  to  his  partner  Simp- 
Bon,  and  engaged  with  John  II.  Lynde  in  publishing  a  paper  at 
Bangor.     Simpson  in  turn  sold  the  establishment  and  paper  to 

quiring  ^rent  influence  with  the  lung  and  his  cabinet,  ami  winning  the  favorable  re- 
of  the  foreign  consuls  and  the  people  of  the  islands.    The  climate 
did  not  have  the  favorable  effect  anticipated,  and  his  rapidly  failing  health  made  him 
anxious  t.>  return.    Il>'  embraced  the  earliesl  opportun  p  ''t.-r  the  arriTa]  of 

Ins  successor,  and  reached  In-  home  al  Augusta  on  the  12th  of  April,  1864,  with  health 
prostrated  paal  hope  of  recovery.    In  moch  suffering,  which  he  !>"r.-  with  Christian 
fortitude,  he  lived  until  Janoarj  J-V  1856,  \\  hi  n  he  died,  al  the  age  of  Rftj 
The  legislature  1 1 1< - 1 1  in  session,  upon  being  informed  of  the  event,  passed  appi 
resolnl  tunonial  of  their  regard  for  his  memory  as  a  man  of  in! 

and  honor  and  a  faithful  public  officer,"  attended  his  ftn  I     rernor 

and  <  looncil,  the  city  cooncQ  of  lugusta,  and  a  large  number  of  cil 

Ri  .  Dr.  Tappan,  who  assisted  Rev.  I  G  Ware,  pastor  of  the  I  oitarian  church. 
at  the  funeral,  said  he  had  known  Mr.  Severance  for  manj  years,  "and  held  him  in 
high  esteem.  l%ough  not  blessed  with  superior  advent  igea  in  early  life,  yel  by  dili- 
gent  culture  in  the  faithful  use  of  those  means  of  information  winch  ire  accessible  to 
all,  he  "lit  lined  high  rank  among  men  of  intelligence.  As  the  editor  of  a  weekly 
jniirnai  \  member  of  our  State  legislature  and  our  national 

1  commissioner  from  the  I  cited  States  in  a  foreign  country,  he  wme  uni- 

formly distinguished  for  Ins  good  sense,  Ins  sound  judgment,  Ins  extensive  acquaint- 
ance with  men  and  things, and  Ins  firm  adhesion  to  what  be  n  •  prin- 
ciple.    \  man  of  exemplary  morals  himself,  he  was  ever  (bond  <>n  the  Mdc  o: 

in  the  community, both  in  Ins  native  country  and  in  those  inti  ads  of 

m  lure  his  elevated  si  ition  g  iva  to  ins  opinions,  counsel  and  example,  n  com- 
mending  mil  ■  I       iliarfy  amiable  and  kind  in  his  domestic  and  social  r<  1  I 

are  to  gain  the  affections,  in  ih>  ordinal}  kindred  and  friends.''  — 

9    J  O.  /.'...      '/       •  .mi 


K  ENNEB  EC   COUNTY.  95 

Janus  G.Blaine  and  Joseph  Baker.  After  a  short  ownership  Mr. 
Baker  parted  with  bis  interest  to  John  L.  Stevens,  and  in  1857 
Mr.  Blaine  was  succeeded  by  John  S.  Sayward,  and  the  paper  was 
published  by  Stevens  and  Sayward,  editors  and  proprietors,  until 
1868,  when  it  was  sold  to  Alden  Sprague,  who  was  publishing  a 
paper  at  Rockland,  Capt.  Charles  E.  Nash,  of  the  Hallowell  Ga- 
zette, and  Howard  Owen,  who  had  long  served  in  the  Jouraal 
office.  These  persons  formed  the  firm  of  Sprague,  Owen  and 
Nash.  This  enterprising  firm  commenced  the  publication  of  the 
Daily  Kennebec  Journal  on  the  first  day  of  January,  1870,  with 
encouraging  prospects  of  success.  A  daily  paper  had  been  started 
in  Augusta  a  number  of  times  before,  but  failed  each  time  for 
want  of  sufficient  encouragement. 

MAINE  PATRIOT. 

On  the  twenty-eighth  of  August,  1827,  James  Dickman  issued 
proposals  to  publish,  at  Augusta,  the  Maine  Patriot  and  State  Ga- 
zette. A  number  of  citizens  opposed  to  Mr.  Adams,  and  ardently 
in  fiivor  of  Gen.  Jackson  for  the  presidency,  were  instrumental  in 
starting  the  Patriot.  The  leaders  were  Edmund  T.  Bridge,  John 
A.  Chandler,  Edward  Williams,  and  Greenlief  White.  Wednes- 
day Oct.  31st,  the  new  paper,  of  a  size  somewhat  larger  than  its 
contemporary,  the  Kennebec  Journal,  made  its  appearance  under 
the  editorship  of  Aurelius  V.  Chandler. 

In  the  presidential  canvass  of  the  next  year  the  Patriot  was 
foremost  in  the  contest  for  Gen.  Jackson,  and  after  his  election,  in 
May,  1829,  it  was  sold  to  Harlow  Spaulding,  by  whom  it  was 
published,  under  the  continued  editorial  charge  of  Mr.  Chandler, 
who,  in  the  fall  of  the  following  year,  went  south  to  recruit  his 
health,  where  he  died,  in  Charleston,  S.  C,  December  31,  1830,  at 
the  age  of  twenty-three  years.  James  W.  Bradbury  succeeded 
Mr.  Chandler  in  the  editorial  chair,  but  relinquished  it  July  1, 
1831,  and  the  paper  was  discontinued  in  December  following,  hav- 
ing been  superseded  by  the  Age. 

THE  AGE. 

The  legislature  in  removing  from  Portland  made  it  necessary 
to  provide  at  Augusta  a  printing  establishment  for  the  State 


96  T  il  E   \  I.  w  -   l'l;  ESS  01    m  \  i  \  i. 

printing,  and  a  newspaper  which  ahonld  l>e  the  organ  of  the  dom- 
inant part)  in  the  State.  With  this  riew  a  company  "with  a 
large  capital*1  established  the  Age,  which  was  printed  in  the  Pa- 
triot office.  The  Bret  Dumber  of  the  new  paper  was  issued  D 
U-'M,  1831,  with  the  motto,  "Yon  must  pardon  something  t<>  the 
Bpiril  of  Liberty."  In  politics  it  was  democratic  and  in  harmony 
with  the  State  and  National  administrations.  In  its  prospectus, 
which  was  issued  by  Charles  Bolder)  and  ('"..  it  was  announced 
thai  the  paper  would  be  "avowedly  a  party  paper."  When  it 
made  its  appearance  it  was  published  by  I.  Berry  and  Co.,  under 
the  editorial  charge  of  F.  '  ►.  •'.  Smith,  a  former  editor  of  the  Ar- 
gus; and  in  due  time  was  made  the  Stair  paper  and  received  the 
patronage  of  the  public  printing.  Smith,  who  was  part  owner, 
continued  its  editor  until  Aug.  10,  IsJ'J,  when  George  Robinson, 
who  was  then  a  studenl  a1  law  in  Rene!  Williams'  office, assumed 
the  editorial  charge,  which  he  continued  until  he  transferred  the 
interest  he  had  acquired  t<>  Edmund  T.  Bridge,  March  26,  1833. 
In  December,  1834,  Bridge  and  Berry  sold  to  William  .1.  Condon 
who  had  been  editor  and  publisher  of  the  Saco  Democrat.  B[e 
continued  Bole  proprietor  until  December  16,  1835,  when  he  sold 
the  establishment  to  William  El.  Smith  and  George  Robinson. 
Smith  and  Robinson  continued  the  publication  until  the  death  of 
the  latter  in  February,  1840,  when  George  Melville  Weston,  a 
gentleman  who  had  for  some  years  assisted  in  editing  the  \ 
became  associated  \\  ith  Smith. 

G  orge  Robinson  died  of  consumption  at  the  earl)  age  of 
twenty-seven  years.  Be  was  a  graduate  of  Bowdoin  College  in 
the  class  of  1831,  was  educated  tin- the  bar,  and  displayed  \eiy 
considerable  vigor  and  ability  as  a  political  writer.  William  R. 
Smith  with  his  associate  conducted  tin-  paper  until  August  •">, 
I v  1 1,  when  it  was  sold  to  Richard  I ).  Rice,  who  controlled  it  until 
May,  1848.  It  was  then  purchased  bj  William  T.  Johnson,  who, 
in  connection  with  Daniel  T.  Pike,  conducted  it  until  May,  1856, 
when  the}  were  succeeded  bj  Benjamin  A.  G.  and  MelvilL  W, 
Fuller,  who,  after  a  Dumber  of  3  ears,  disposed  of  the  establishmeul 
to  Daniel  I.  Pike.  Be  in  turn  sold  to  Gilman  Smith,  in  whose 
hands  it  died  during  the  great  rebellion. 


KENNEBEC   COUNTY.  97 

AUGUSTA  COURIER. 

A  newspaper,  neutral  in  politics,  called  the  Augusta  Courier 
and  Workingmen's  Advocate,  was  started  on  the  19th  of  August, 
1831,  by  Washburn  and  Jewell.  [It  was  edited  by  Rev.  William 
A.  Drew,  from  its  commencement,  until  Jan.  26,  1832  ;  from  this 
time  to  its  close,  Nov.  26, 1832,  it  was  edited  by  Geo.  Robinson.] 

MAINE  FARMER. 

[The  first  number  of  the  Kennebec  Farmer  and  Journal  of  the 
Useful  Arts  was  published  at  Winthrop,  Jan.  21st,  1833,  with  E. 
Holmes  as  editor.  It  was  an  eight  page  paper,  the  size  of  the 
printed  page  being  9  1-2  by  7  3-4  inches.  The  name  Kennebec 
Farmer  was  retained  until  March  18th  of  the  same  year  —  nine 
weeks  —  when  it  was  changed  to  Maine  Farmer,  which  title  it  has 
ever  since  borne.  The  motto  of  the  first  number,  which  has  since 
been  retained,  was  —  "Our  Home,  our  Country,  and  our  Brother 
Man."  Its  original  publishers  were  William  Noyes  and  Co.,  the 
terms  being  $2  per  annum,  if  paid  in  advance.  We  have  in  our 
possession  the  first  volume,  with  the  exception  of  the  first  and  a 
part  of  the  second  numbers.  The  paper  was  well  made  up,  and 
neatly  printed ;  the  editorials  brief  and  pointed ;  the  selections 
appropriate  and  seasonable,  and  the  communicated  articles  practi- 
cal and  sensible.  We  have  a  portion  of  vol.  3d,  the  page  having 
been  somewhat  enlarged,  and  measuring  11  1-2  by  8  inches,  eight 
pages  to  each  number.  We  have  almost  the  whole  of  volume  5, 
by  which  it  appears  that  the  paper  was  then  published  at  Hallo- 
well,  by  Wm.  Noyes.  This  was  in  the  year  1837.  It  was  published 
a  year  or  two  in  Hallowed,  when  it  was  purchased  by  Marcian 
Seavy,  and  again  removed  to  Winthrop.  In  1844  it  was  pur- 
chased by  Russell  Eaton,  and  removed  to  Augusta.  Mr.  Eaton 
continued  its  proprietor  until  1859,  when  it  was  purchased  by 
Messrs.  Homan  and  Mauley.  Mr.  Mauley  retiring  from  the  firm 
in  September  of  that  year,  in  consequence  of  declining  health,  Mr. 
W.  S.  Badger  purchased  his  interest,  and  the  publishing  firm  and 
proprietorship  of  the  paper  have  remained  unchanged  to  the  pres- 
ent time.  In  1846  the  paper  was  enlarged,  one  column  to  each  page 

being  added,  making  seven  columns  to  the  pao;e.     In  Jan.,  1871, 
13 


THE  NEWS  PRESS  OF  MAINE. 

it  was  increased  to  eight  columns  to  the  page.  The  paper  com- 
menced with  two  hundred  subscribers,  and  al  do  time  during  the 
first  seven  years  of  its  existence  did  it  number  more  than  eight 
hundred.  The  changes  in  the  editorship  of  the  paper  have  been 
less  frequenl  than  it-  changes  of  proprietorship.  The  name  of  K. 
Holmes,  ae  editor,  occupied  a  prominent  place  in  each  issue  from 
Jan.  21, 1833,  to   Feb.   16,   1865— a  perk>d  of  thirty-three  years. 

I  >r.  \.  T.  True  occupied  the  position  of  Benior  editor  from  March 
!•,  1865,  to  March  6,  lyi'>'.>.  At  various  times,  for  a  brief  space 
each,  W.T.Johnson,  Esq.,  Russell  1'.  Baton,  and  Geo.  E.  Brack- 
ets, have  been  connected  with  the  paper  as  associate  editors.  Mr. 
Samuel  L.  Boardman  has  conducted  the  agricultural  department 
of  the  paper  since  1861,  with  the  exception  of  a  few  months  in 
the  winter  of  1863-'64.  It<  present  circulation  is  nearly  12,000 
copies  weekly,  the  largesl  number,  it  is  believed,  with  one  excep- 
tion, of  an)  paper  published  in  Maine] 

31  EL  BANNER. 

A  weekly  religious  newspaper,  called  the  Gospel  Banner,  de- 
voted to  advocating  the  doctrine  of  universal  salvation,  was  is- 
Bued  Julj  25,  L835,  under  the  editorship  of  Rev.  William  A.  Drew, 
who  was  also  proprietor.  Be  was  assisted  by  two  associate  edi- 
tors, Rev.  Calvin  Gardiner  and  Rev.  George  Bates  ArthurW. 
Berrj  became  interested  in  the  paper,  and  printed  il  in  1889.  It 
Boon  returned  to  the  proprietorship  <>f  Mr.  Drew,  Who,  in 
September,  L843,  Bold  it  to  Messrs.  Homan  and  Manley,  who 
published  the  paper  al  the  Granite  Bank  building  until  Jan- 
nary,  1859,  when  they  purchased  the  Maine  Parmer  and  Bold  the 
Banner  to  Bioknell  and  Ballon.  Mr.  Divu  retired  from  the  edi- 
torship in  October,  1854,  when  lie  was  succeeded   bj  Rev.J.W. 

II  on,  who  become  editor  and  part  owner.    Mr.  Hanson,  in  1 859, 

ucceeded  bj  Mr.  Ballou,  who  was  its  editor  until  it  was 
Bold  in  l^iil  to  Rev.  George  W.  Quinby,  who  nom  owns  and 
edits  it. 

DREW'S  i:i  R  \l.   l\  III  I  IGEN<  l  R 
[Thifl  ,  .mi..,  weekly,  edited  and  published  at  Augusta, 

bj  Rev.  "W     \    Drew,  from  Jan.,  1855,  until  Sept.,  1867.     It  was 


KENNEBEC  COUNTY.  99 

then  sold  to  R.  B.  Caldwell,  and  removed  to  Gardiner,  where  Mr. 
Drew  continued  to  conduct  it  until  Feb.,  1859.  It  was  enlarged 
to  a  folio  sheet  Jan.,  1858. 

MAINE  STANDARD. 
[This  is  a  Democratic  paper,  weekly,  42  by  26,  circulation  4450  ; 
terms,  $2  a  year.  Editors,  L.  B.  Brown,  of  Starks,  and  H.  M. 
Jordan,  of  Westbrook.  Mr.  Brown  edited  and  published  the 
Franklin  Patriot  at  Farmington,  in  1864  ;  became  connected  with 
the  Standard  in  April,  1868,  with  Hon.  E.  F.  Pillsbury,  who  re- 
mained with  him  until  succeeded  by  Mr.  Jordan,  Oct.,  1870. 

PEOPLE'S  LITERARY  COMPANION. 

[The  People's  Literary  Companion  was  first  published  in  Oct., 
1869.  It  .continued  as  a  monthly  until  October,  1871,  when  the 
first  number  of  the  weekly  was  issued  in  8  pp.,  20  by  13,  at  §2.00 
a  year.  The  monthly  paper  attained  a  circulation  of  1,500,000. 
When  it  first  started  as  a  weekly,  owing  to  the  increased  price, 
the  circulation  fell  off  several  thousands  ;  but  is  now  rapidly  in- 
creasing. E.  C.  Allen  is  managing  editor.  Mrs.  E.  .S.  Gatchell 
has  been  the  literary  editress  from  the  first. 

OUR  YOUNG  FOLKS'  ILLUSTRATED  PAPER, 

Semi-monthly,  was  first  issued  Oct.,  1871.  It  is  devoted  to  the 
interest  of  the  young,  though  not  confined  exclusively  to  reading 
adapted  to  children.  Samuel  TV.  Lane  has  had  editorial  charge 
of  the  paper.  Considering  the  time  since  the  paper  was  first  pub- 
lished, Our  Young  Folks'  Illustrated  Paper  has  attained  a  great 
circulation. 

Messrs.  E.  C.  Allen  and  Co.,  the  publishers,  have  the  largest 
publishing  house  in  Maine,  keeping  six  steam-presses  in  constant 
employ,  and  requiring  about  seventy  persons  in  their  business. 
All  the  publications  of  this  firm  are  electrotyped.] 
MUSICAL  MONITOR. 
[A  sheet  by  this  name,  24  by  18,  is  published  monthly  at  Au- 
gnsta  by  Pi.  M.  Mansur ;  principally  devoted  to  advertising ;  though 
containing  considerable  miscellaneous  reading.  Circulation,  1500 
copies;  partly  gratuitous.  Mr.  Mansur  published  his  periodical 
first  at  Vienna  in  1855  to  '61,  under  the  name  of  Glenwood  Val- 


£-- 


Inn  Till.   \  EWS    i'i:  ESS  OF   M  \i 

ley  Times.  He  then  moved  to  Bit.  Vernon  Village,  where  he  was 
appointed  postmaster,  and  for  two  years  continued  to  publish  the 
Times.  II<-  then  enlarged  lii-  paper  into  a  small  quarto,  publish- 
ing it  one  year  with  the  name  of  Fbung  Folk's  Monitor.  In  l  B66 
to  the  present  time  we  find  Mr.  Mansurin  Augusta,  publishing  the 
Musical  Monitor.  His  printing  has  been  done  al  various  printing 
offices.] 

\fy  A  more  j>:irticular  account  <>t'  tin  •  tinted  in  V-         —  -     rived 

tun  late  t'»r  insertion  in   the   prober  place  —  will  tie  found  in  the  Appendix  to  this 
work. 


<;.\  ijdiner. 

BY  II.  K.  HOBBBLL. 


EASTERN  CHRONICLE. 
The  firsl  periodical  established  in  Gardiner,  was  the  Eastern 
Chronicle.  The  firsl  number  was  printed  <  h-\.  2 1.  1 B2  1.  and  is  now 
in  the  hands  of  Judge  Wm.  Palmer  who  took  il  from  1 1 » « ■  press 
and  lias  kept  it  ever  since.  Hon.  Parker  Sheldon  was  editor  and 
proprietor.  Two  volumes  were  printed,  when  it  was  merged  in 
the  [ntelligencer,  Jan.  25,  1827,  of  which  Rev.  Wm.  A.  Drew  was 
editor.  The  Intelligencer  had  been  printed  in  Portland  bu  years. 
It  was  printed  in  Gardiner  seven  years,  when,  in  1834,  il  ceased  to 
exist.  Tin:  Amkkh  an  StIndabd  was  made  up  from  the  Intelli- 
gencer ami  published  by  Mr.  Sheldon  aboul  one  year,  in  L832. 

NEW    ENGLAND   FARMER. 

Tin  New  England  Parmer's  and  Mechanics*  Journal,  a  monthly 
magazine  was  published  during  the  year  L828,  by  Parker  Sheldon. 
I  )r.  Ezekiel  I  tolmes  was  editor. 

G  \  i :  i  >  i  m  u   SPECTATOR 

Tlii^  paper  was  commenced  in  Deo,  iv;'.»,  by  Alonzo  Bartlett. 
In  July,  lvln,  <i.  S.  Palmer  (now  professor  in  Howard  University, 
Washington,)  became  publisher.  November  26,  Is  II,  Wm.  Pal- 
mer became  publisher,  ami  continued  it  until  Sept. 24, 1841, when 
it  deceased.  Tin:  Gabdikbb  Lbdosb  arose  from  its  ashes,  and 
continued  aboul  thirteen  months. 


KENNEBEC   COUNTY.  101 

THE  YANKEE  BLADE 

Was  commenced  in  Waterville,  in  1842,  and  removed  to  Gardiner, 
Where  it  was  published  a  little  over  four  years,  and  then  re- 
moved to  Boston.  Win.  Mathews  was  editor ;  Mathews  and  Mo- 
ses Stevens,  publishers.     It  was  a  literary  paper  of  high  standing. 

COLD  WATER  FOUNTAIN, 

A  Temperance  paper,  was  established  June  24,  1844,  by  G.  M. 
Atwood.  It  had  a  very  respectable  circulation  among  the  friends 
of  temperance  throughout  the  State.  It  passed  from  Mr.  Atwood's 
hands  into  those  of  H.  W.  Jewell  and  Co.,  Weston  and  Morrell, 
and  Morrell  and  Heath.  The  last  named  publishers  bought  the  list 
of  the  Washingtonian  Journal  and  united  the  two  papers,  under  the 
title  of  Fountain  and  Journal.  It  had  a  list  of  4,500,  when,  in 
1853,  Morrell  and  Heath  sold  it  to  parties  in  Portland,  and  it  was 
removed  to  that  city.  Its  editors,  while  in  Gardiner,  were  Rev. 
J.  P.  Weston,  Rev.  J.  W.  Lawson,  S.  B.  Weston,  G.  M.  Atwood, 
Rev.  F.  Yates,  E.  H.  Shirley  and  A.  M.  C.  Heath.  In  Portland 
Rev.  A.  D.  Peck  edited  it. 

DAVID'S   SLING 
Was  the  name  of  a  paper  commenced  Feb.  1,  1845,  and  continu- 
ed just  nine  months.    James  A.  Clay  and  Isaac  Rowell  were  edi- 
tors and  proprietors.     It  was  radical  in  the  extreme  on  theology, 
as  well  as  most  other  matters. 

The  Star  of  the  East,  Eastern  Light,  and  Busy  Body, 
were  the  names  of  papers,  a  few  numbers  of  which  were  publish- 
ed in  1845  and  '46,  —  the  first  two  by  H.  W.  Jewell,  and  the  lat- 
ter by  T.  H.  Hoskins. 

The  Incorrigible  was  commenced  in  July,  1848,  and  issued 
four  times.  It  was  printed  by  Jewell  and  Heath,  and  edited  by 
W.  E.  S.  Whitman.  Mr.  Whitman  also  issued  seven  numbers  of 
the  Nettle. 

THE  GARDINER  ADVERTISER. 

First  number  issued  Feb.  9,  1850,  by  R.  B.  Caldwell.  The 
name  was  changed  on  the  second  number,  to  the  Kennebec  Tran- 


102  TH  i:    N  EWS   PRESS  01    M  I  INK. 

script,  and  published  sa  months  ms  a  Bemi-weekly.  It  was 
elite 1  during  this  time  bj  S.  I..  Plumer,  Esq.  It  remained  under 
tlir  supervision  of  Mr.  Caldwell,  until  L856,when  In-  purchased 
Drew's  Rural  [ntelligencer,  and  united  the  two  under  the  title  of 
the  Maine  Rtjbal.  It  was  afterward  published  by  Brook  ami 
Chaney,  and  then  by  Brock  and  Backer.  The  office  was  burnt  in 
I860,  and  the  paper  discontinued.  The  same  publishers  issued  the 
Daily  Rural  a  few  months  in  1859 —  the  only  daily  ever  pub- 
lished in  this  city. 

The  Dispatcb  was  published  six  tunes  in  the  tiill  of  1868,  by 
James  limn-,  who  was  also  editor.     It  was  a  political  sheet. 

The  Quarterly  Journal  of  the  Grand  Division  of  the  Sons 
of  Temperance,  published  during  the  lust  twenty-five  years,  has 
been  printed  mosl  of  the  time  at  Gardiner. 

NORTHERN   HOME   .mi  RNAL. 

On  the  firsl  of  January,  1854,  A.  .M.  ('.  Beath  commenced  the 
publication  of  the  Northern  Some  Journal  In  1868,  the  name 
Was  changed  to  (Jakminki:  I T.  >i  m-  Journal.  Mr.  Ihath  published 
ami  edited  it  until  1862,  when  he  c-n li-t i-«l  in  the  army,  and  was 
killed  at  the  battle  of  Fredericksburg.*  The  paper  was  carried  on 
by  II.  K.  Morrell,  for  Mr.  Heath,  until  Nov.  L864,  when  Mr.  Mor- 
rell  became  proprietor,  and  has  since  continued  to  edil  and  publish 
it. 


*  A.  M.  C.  Heath  was  a  native  of  Monmouth,  and  came  to  Gardiner  when  ■  boy. 
Hi'  served  Ins  apprenticeship  in  the  office  of  the  Cold  Water  Fountain.  He  was  for 
four  (rears  one  of  the  publishers  of  the  Fountain  and  Journal,  and  Bur  nine  Tears  was 
connected  «itli  the  Gardiner  Home  Journal. 

When  the  rebellion  broke  out  he  ardently  espoused  th  loyalty.    In  Aug., 

1862,  he  laid  down  Ins  pen  and  shouldered  a  musket,  feeling  thai  his  countrj  needed 
him.  He  fell  at  the  battle  of  Fredericksburg,  Dec  I  ;.  I  62,  toing  shot  through  the 
while  gallantlj  fighting  in  the  extreme  front  1 1 1  ^  death  casl  :i  deep  gloom  over 
the  city  of  his  adoption ;  for  all  felt  that  an  able,  conscientious,  and  talented  citisen 
bad  lefl  them.  He  was  buried  in  Gardiner  under  the  auspicet  of  tin-  Mechanii  \ 
sociation,  of  which  he  was  ]  I  :it  the  time  of  his  death.    His  fellow-citisens 

contributed  some  three  hundred  dollars,  as  a  testimonial  of  respect  to  his  memory, 
mil  in  place   i  rtone  upon  bis  grave     He  sleeps  in  Oak  Grove  Cemeterj     Tin- 


K  E  N  N  E  B  E  C  COUNT  Y.  103 

KENNEBEC     REPORTER. 

First  number  issued  by  G.  O.  Bailey  and  J.  F.  Brown,  in  Feb., 
1865.  Mr.  Brown  sold  out  to  R.  B.  Caldwell,  son  of  the  former 
publisher  of  the  Transcript.  Mr.  Caldwell,  in  1871,  bought  out 
Mr.  Bailey,  and  is  now  publisher  and  editor. 


WATERVILLE, 


From  a  number  of  the  Mail,  published  June  9th,  1871,  we 
copy  the  following  ] (leasing  reminiscences  of  the  first  paper  issued 
in  Waterville,  commenced  about  three  years  after  the  establish- 
ment of  Waterville  College,  now  Colby  University.  —  Ed. 

WATERVILLE  INTELLIGENCER. 
"J.  M.,  of  Palmyra,  sends  us  a  copy  of  the  Waterville  Intelli- 
gencer, the  first  newspaper  established  in  our  village.  The 
number  before  us  is  dated  June  8,  1826.  It  being  the  fourth 
number  of  the  fourth  volume,  shows  the  commencement  of  the 
Intelligencer  to  have  been  in  May,  1823.  William  Hastings, 
publisher.  How  vividly,  as  we  look  upon  its  yellow,  time-stained 
pages,  rise  up  before  us  the  man,  his  office,  and  his  circulating  li- 
brary— especially  the  library,  of  which  we  were  a  patron,  to  the 
extent  of  our  means,  and  of  which  a  catalogue  yet  survives  among 
our  relics  of  the  olden  time.      The  office  was  first  opened  in  the 

writer  was  associated  with  Mr.  Heath  nearly  all  his  life,  and  bears  cheerful  testimony 
to  his  honor,  integrity,  and  many  good  qualities.  He  was  not  called  upon  to  enlist, 
—  had  every  tie  to  bind  him  home;  not  only  business,  but  a  large  family  of  small 
children.  But  recruiting  was  slow ;  it  was  the  darkest  hour  of  our  country's  peril, 
and  to  encourage  others,  as  well  as  from  a  sense  of  duty,  he  placed  himself  at  his 
country's  service.  The  Sixteenth  Regiment  in  which  he  was  a  sergeant,  was  ordered 
to  the  front,  illy  prepared  for  service  ;  but  he  went  uncomplainingly.  His  health, 
never  good,  hardly  permitted  him  to  endure  the  fatigue  of  the  service.  On  the  fatal 
day  he  had  an  order  (the  writer  took  it  from  his  pocket  after  his  death)  to  go  to  the  rear, 
on  account  of  disability ;  but  his  love  of  country  pushed  him  forward  until  he  received 
his  death-wound.  No  more  patriotic,  unselfish  man  fell  in  that  great  struggle,  than 
A.  M.  C.  Heath  ;  and  no  one's  memory  is  more  cherished  by  his  fellow-citizens. 
Post  No.  C,  G.  A.  R.  of  Gardiner,  bears  his  name. 


Inj  THE  N  EWS   PB  ESS  OF  MAIN  E 

building  now  occupied  by  Mr.  Baker  as  a  barber  shop;  and  for 
the  benefil  of  the  future  historian  we  will  mention  thai  here  the 
first  Bheet,  printed  in  Waterville,  was  -truck  by  John  Burleigh,  (a 
printer  from  New  Hampshire,  then  in  trade  in  our  village,  who 
afterward  himself  published  :i  paper  here  for  a  few  years,)  and 
Asa  Dalton,  who  volunteered  for  the  occasion  to  beat  the  form 
with  the  old-fashioned  balls,  for  Mr.  Burleigh  to  pull.  The  office 
was  afterward  removed  to  the  building  north  of  the  lo1  on 
<m  which  now  stands  the  Bfarston  Block. — The  Intelligencer  was  a 
religious  paper,  [in  the  interests  of  the  Baptist  denomination],  is- 
sued under  the  patronage  of  the  College,  whose  officers  had  been 
instrumental  in  establishing  a  printing-office  here.  It  was  dis- 
continued in  I  ^"Js.  The  number  before  os  contains  much  mission- 
arj  and  religious  reading,  bul  we  fail  to  find  a  single  item  of  local 
aews." 

!1     \ttir  the  prorc-dinL.' article  wis  m  type  we  were  favored  with  the  following 
additional  account  of  the  press  in  Waterville,  by  the  editors  of  the  M 
M  Wll  \M     LHD   \\  IM. 

THE     WATCHMAN, 

•  \  Political,  Literary,  and  Miscellaneous  Journal  of  the  Til 
which  immediately  succeeded  the  [ntelligencer,  wais  also  published 
h\  Mi-.  Hastings,  who  had  in  connection  with  his  printing  office,  a 
bookstore  and  a  circulating  library;  started  partly  as  an  experi- 
ment, and  partly  t<>  keep  the  office  employed  during  the  dosing 
up  of  the  old  business.  The  Watchman  had  but  a  small  1  i-t  of 
subscribers,  and  it  lived  only  fifty-sb  weeks — the  first  number 
being  issued  Dec.  18,  L828,  and  the  Last,  Dec  80,  1829.  Mr. 
Hastings  removed  his  office  to  Augusta,  where  he  'li,|  job-printing 
in  a  small  waj  for  several  years  in  connection  with  a  bookstore, 
accumulating  a  Little  properly,  which  he  subsequently  lost  in  a 
newspaper  venture  in  Bangor.     He  died  about  twelve  yean 

THE    ri  m  i  8, 

A  whig  paper,  was  the  nexl  one  in  the  field  —  the  first  number 
appearing  in  June,  L881.  It  was  published  bj  Sir.  John  Bur- 
Leigh  —  James  Stackpole,  Jr.,  being  the  political  editor  —  and  Lived 
about  two  \ cats  : 1 1 1 < l  a  quarter. 


K  E  N  N  E  B  E  C  COU  N T  Y.  105 

THE  WATERV1LLE  JOURNAL, 

Also  published  by  Mr.  Burleigh,  was  the  next  to  appear ;  a  quarto 
of  eight  pages,  and  religious,  without  being  sectarian.  Its  publi- 
cation was  commenced  at  the  instance  of  the  officers  and  friends 
of  Waterville  College,  and  with  promise  of  assistance  in  the  edi- 
torial department  from  some  of  the  older  students,  and  also  in 
securing  subscribers  ;  but  these  promises  not  being  fully  met,  the 
paper  was  discontinued  at  the  close  of  the  first  volume.  This  Avas 
the  first  paper  in  Waterville  on  which  composition  rollers  were 
used,  the  others  having  been  printed  with  the  old-fashioned  balls. 

A  manual  labor  department  having  been  established  at  the 
college,  the  old  Ramage  press  of  Mr.  Burleigh,  with  his  other 
printing  material,  was  purchased  and  set  up  in  one  of  the  work- 
shops on  the  grounds.  Some  friend  of  the  institution  in  Massa- 
chusetts contributed  an  iron  hand  press,  and  perhaps  some  type. 
Job-printing,  in  a  small  way,  was  done  for  a  while  in  this  office  by 
Mr.  Edgar  H.  Gray,  (now  Rev.  Dr.  Gray,  of  Washington,  D.  C.) 
a  graduate  of  the  class  of  '38,  who  had  entered  college  a  practical 
printer.  An  old  catalogue  of  the  College  Library  bears  his  im- 
print. This  office,  with  the  exception  of  the  old  Ramage  press, 
(which  originally  came  from  the  establishment  of  Glazier,  Mas- 
ters and  Smith,  of  Hallowed),  was  soon  sold  to  Mr.  Geo.  V.  Edes, 
and  taken  to  Dover. 

THE  WATERVILLOJNIAN. 

This  was  a  quarto  of  eight  pages,  somewhat  literary  in  charac- 
ter, and  the  next  in  order.  It  was  published  by  Wing  and 
Mathews  —  William  Mathews  (now  a  professor  in  Chicago,  who  is 
authorized  to  affix  LL.D.  to  his  name)  being  editor,  and  Daniel 
R.  Wing  (who,  in  some  capacity,  has  had  a  hand  in  every  paper 
published  in  Waterville  except  the  Union)  printer.  The  name  of 
the  paper  was  borrowed  from  a  boyish  venture  of  the  same  par- 
ties in  the  days  of  the  Times  and  Waterville  Journal.  At  the 
close  of  the  first  volume,  the  paper  was  enlarged,  the  form 
changed,  and  the  name  altered  to 

THE  YANKEE  BLADE, 

William  Mathews,  editor  and   proprietor.     A  great  change,  too, 
14 


I'll  I.    \  EWS    PR  I.-  -   '<i     M  VINE. 


was  made  in  the  character  of  the  paper,  which  was  do  longer  :i 
common-place  !>.... k  of  elegant  extracts  from  English  classics,  but 
a  live  -lii'ft.  adapted  to  the  wants  of  the  people  of  the  tames. 
His  brother  Edward  (afterward  murdered  by  Dr.  Coolidge)  was 
immediately  admitted  to  a  partnership,  and  the  paper  was  pub- 
lished in  Waterville  one  year  by  W.  and  K.  Mathews,  when  the 
interest  of  the  junior  partner  was  purchased  bj  M  —  Stevens,  of 
Hall. .well,  and  the  establishment  removed  to  Gardiner.  At  that 
place  the  paper  was  pul.li-.licl  about  three  years  and  a  half, 
with  n  large  and  increasing  subscription  li-t,  at  home  and  abroad, 
when,  with  another  change  of  proprietors,  but  with  the  original 
editor,  it  was  removed  t..  Boston,  in  which  city  it  already  had  a 
large  -ale  In  that  city  it  flourished  for  a  few  years,  losing  grad- 
ually its  distinctive  character,  an. I  after  Bwallowing  Beveral  of  its 
rivals,  i1  was  itself  Bwallowed  by  the  Olive  Branch,  and  disap- 
peared. 

After  the  removal  of  the   Blade,  Waterville  was  without  a 

printing  office  until  the  fall  of  1 s  1 1,  when  John  S.  Carter,  an  old 

Bangor  publisher,  came  in  and  occupied  the  field  with  a  job  .'dice 

until  the  excitemenl  preliminary  t.>  the  building  of  the  Amlr.>s- 

a  and  Kennebec   Railroad  Beemed  to  demand  a  paper  once 

in.. re 

THE  W  \l'l.i:\  ll.l.r.  i  \M>\ 

This  paper  was  commenced  in  April,  1847,  bj  Chas.  F.  Hath- 
away. It  was  a  neatly  executed  sheet,  neutral  in  politics.  After 
a  trial  of  fourteen  weeks,  Mr.  Hathaway  squarely  gave  up  the  en- 
terprise. 

u  \  ii  i;\  ii  i  r  \i  \ll.. 

Tin  Eastern  Mail,  or  Waterville  Mail,  as  its  title  now 
stan. U,  was  commenced  on  the  19th  of  July,  1847.  Eph.  afaxham 
bought  the  ..Mice  nsed  bj  Mr.  Hathawaj  in  publishing  the  [Jnion, 
and  issued  the  firsl  number  >>!'  the  Mail  at  the  time  above  named. 
Ai  the  en. I  of  t \\ .>  years,  Daniel  l».  W  i 1 1 -_r,  who  ha. I  Keen  em- 
ployed ..ii  the  paper  from  it>  commencement,  bought  one-half  <>f 
the  ...ii. .  in,  ami  the  linn  "f  Maxham  ami  Wing  became  proprie- 
tors and  eilitorn  of  the  paper.     It  i>.«.ls  no  partj  position  until  the 


L1JNC0LN     COUNTY.  1()7 

presidential  contest  of  1850,  when  it  advocated  the  election  of 
Gen.  Fremont.  Though  claiming  to  be  "independent  in  politics," 
it  objects  not  to  being  classed  with  republican  papers. 

The  Mail,  during  the  twenty-five  years  it  has  now  numbered, 
has  always  had  a  small  subscription  list,  never  coming  up  to  a 
thousand.  Its  jobbing  and  advertising  have  been  fair,  and  it  has 
always  had  generous  encouragement  in  the  town  and  village 
where  published.  Its  composition  is  mostly  done  by  girls,  and 
the  proprietors  are  both  practical  printers.  Its  office  is  now  in 
Phoenix  Block,  on  Main  street. 


THE 


PRESS  OF  LINCOLN  COUNTY. 


WISCASSET, 


BY   JOSEPn   WOOD. 


The  first  newspaper  in  the  county,  of  which  I  have  any 
knowledge,  was  the 

TELEGRAPH. 

It  was  published  at  Wiscasset  in  1798.  I  have  a  part  of  one 
copy  in  my  possession,  dated  Friday,  June  22,  1798.  The  princi- 
pal head  of  the  paper  is  gone,  and  I  cannot  ascertain  the  name  of 
the  publisher.  In  size  the  paper  is  21  by  18,  four  pages  of  four 
columns  each,  well  printed.  I  found  it  among  the  papers  of  my 
great-grandfather,  Gen.  Abiel  Wood,  where  it  served  as  a  wrapper 
for  a  file  of  letters,  bearing  upon  it  the  label  in  a  full  round  hand, 
"Letters,  1798,  2d  file."  R.  Elwell  appears  to  be  the  principal  (in 
the  fragment. in  my  possession  the  only)  advertiser,  and  occupies 
a  column  of  the  third   page  with  a  catalogue  of  his  goods,  which 


'I'll  I'.    \  EWS    PRESS   <>l     M  A  INK. 


he  "has  jusl  received  and  has  imw  ready  for  sale  a1  his  store  in 
Main  Street,  nearly  opposite  the  Post-office,  W   -      -  [Jnder 

the  head  of  True  Patriotism  it  i^  stated  thai  -tin-  inhabitai 
Portland,  on  Monday  last,  voted  to  allow  two  thousand  dollars, 
towards  fortifying  the  harbor  of  thai  place."  There  was  also  an 
accounl  ofa  u remarkable  shower  ofhail  al  Kennebunk,  on  Satur- 
day  last,  with  hailstones  four  and  three  quarters  inches  in  circum- 
ference.'' 

I   ISTERIS   REPOSITORY. 

[A  newspaper  called  the  Eastern  Repository  was  published  at 
Wiscassel  in  June,  lv""'.  as  appears  by  an  order  of  notice  "t"  the 
M  sachusetts  General  Court,  of  the  Beventh  of  thai  month,  re- 
quiring the  petition  <>t"  Elihu  Getchell  and  sixty  three  others,  t'<>r 
bridges  "  across  Kennebec  river,  <>\ er  1 » ■ » 1 1 1  sides  •■!'  Su an  island,*1 
to  be  published  "in  the  Eastern  Repository,  printed  in  Wiscasset, 
and  in  the  Kennebec  <  razette." 

Thai  Wiscassel  was  without  :i  paper  on  June  23,  1802,  appears 
from  the  charter,  <>t"  that  date,  establishing  the  Lincoln  and  Ken- 
nebec Bank  al  thai  place,  requiring  the  firsl  meeting  t.>  be  noti- 
fied "  in  the  paper  printed  bj  Edes,  in  the  county  of  Kennebec, 
and  in  Jenk's  Portland  Gazette."]* 

1      Wh.it  Followa,  mi  lose. i  in  brackets,  ii  from  the  pen  of  Mr.  JOHN  DORR 

THE  LLNCOl  N  TE1  I  GF  Mil 
[In  1820  Samuel  B.  Dana  commenced  the  Lincoln  Telegraph 
with  tin'  "M  press  and  type  before  used  by  Babson  and  Rust, 
which  had  been  for  man)  years  unused.  Thai  paper  was  contin- 
ued eighteen  months,  when,  Dana  having  left,  ii  was  discontinued. 
In  October,  1821,  with  the  same  old  material,  I  issued  the 

LINCOLN  in  ri  l  l  n.lM  I  I:. 
This  paper  I  continued  until  May,  lvJ7.  when  I  sold  t>>  Amos 
C.  Tappan,  b)  whom  it  was  published   some  three  or  four  years, 
when,  from  ill  health  and  other  causes,  li<-  relinquished  the  busi- 

M  IV. North,  ii   •    \       ■ 

M     w  ru  published,       1 1  I 

i  '  ed,  it  might  be,  in  the  latter  pari  — Ed 


LINCOLN  COUNTY.  109 

liess  to  James  Crowell,  who  was  shortly  afterward  burned  out, 
and  that  ended  the  Lincoln  Intelligencer.  While  the  paper  was 
in  my  charge  it  advocated  the  election  of  John  Q.  Adams  to  the 
presidency.  When,  in  1828,  Gen.  Jackson  became  President, 
Mr.  Tappan  supported  his  administration.] 

Of  the  Lincoln  Intelligencer  (continues  Mr.  Wood)  I  have 
copies  and  extracts  from  it,  preserved  in  a  scrap-book,  of  some 
forty  different  dates  —  from  October,  1822,  to  October,  1835. 

The  issue  for  Dec.  14,  1832,  appears  with  its  column  rules  re- 
versed, and  contains  the  following  announcement :  —  "  Died  on 
Sunday  night  last,  Mr.  Amos  C.  Tappan,  late  editor  of  this  paper, 
aged  33.  It  devolves  upon  us  to  record  this  day  the  painful  in- 
telligence of  the  editor's  death.  We  have  in  former  numbers  of 
our  paper  apprised  our  readers  of  his  severe  illness,  and  its  fatal 
termination  is  now  communicated  with  deep  and  unfeigned  sor- 
row." 

[Afterward,  Anson  Herrick  started  a  paper  at  Wiscasset, 
called  the  Citizen,  which  lived  but  a  year  or  two.] 

THE  YANKEE. 

A  paper  of  this  name  was  published  in  Wiscasset  somewhere 
about  1830,  by  Hon.  Erastus  Brooks,  afterward  editor  of  the  New 
York  Express.  The  name  was  probably  suggested  by  the  fact 
that  his  father  distinguished  himself  in  the  war  of  1812  as  com- 
mander of  the  "Yankee,"  a  vessel  in  which  he  was  lost  in  1814, 
while  engaged  in  the  public  service.  Mr.  Brooks  afterward  relin- 
quished the  position  of  editor,  and  fitted  himself  for  college,  pay- 
ing his  expenses,  while  engaged  in  his  classical  studies,  by  setting 
type  and  teaching  school  alternately. 

The  Lincoln  County  Republican  was  published  in  Wis- 
casset in  1841-43,  by  Joseph  B.  Frith. 

Another  paper  by  the  name  of  the  Yankee  was  published  in 
Wiscasset  in  1845,  by  Joseph  B.  Frith. 

WISCASSET  HERALD. 

Published  weekly;  size,  17  by  10;  4  pages,  3  columns  each; 
printed  in  Wiscasset  from  July  1  to  Sept.  30,  1859,  by  Charles 
A.  J.  Farrar  and  Joseph  Wood ;  devoted  to  home  interests  and 


110 


Til  E    \  EW  -    PR  ESS  01    MA  IK  E 


Local  news.  This  was  a  boys'  paper.  Neither  of  the  proprietors 
had  Been  the  inside  of  u  printing  office  until  they  bsw  their  own. 
\  I.  »we  pi'  Be  and  100  lbs,  <'t'  type,  mostly  bourgeois,  formed  the 
principal  part  of  their  material ;  their  *  imposing  stone '  was  a  pine 
plank ;  the  office  supported  bu1  one  composing  -tick,  and  other  ar- 
rangements were  "ii  the  Bame  magnificent  scale.  Set,  notwith- 
standing these  primitive  fixtures,  the  young  publishers  carried  on 
the  paper  for  the  full  term  of  three  months,  (term-  -J.",  cents),  when 
having  do  capital  to  work  with  except  the  money  they  received 
for  subscriptions  and  advertisements,  they  were  obliged  to  sus- 
pend publication.4 

Farrar  afterward  learned  the  art  of  printing  in  a  Boston  office, 
and  is  at  presenl   publisher  of  the   Boston   Independent    The 

junior  partner  of  the  firm,  W 1.  served  an  apprenticeship  in  the 

office  of  the  Portland  Evening  Courier.  In  ls'>7  he  again  opened 
a  printing  office  in  Wiscasset,  and  in  ls»'>'.»  commenced  the  publi- 
cation of  the 

SEASIDE  ORAC1  I 

The  size  of  this  paper  was  17  bj  12,  1  pages,  8  columns  t.>  a 
page.  Ii  was  started  as  an  advertising  sheet,  with  a  free  circula- 
tion of  5000  copies,  depending  upon  it-  advertisements  ti>r  sup- 
port During  the  first  yearil  was  published  monthly,  and  circu- 
lated in  everj  post-office  in  the  county. 

In  l^Tn  it  was  changed  t<»  a  fortnightly  subscription  paper,  at 
$1.00  per  year,  the  size  remaining  the  same.  It  was  continued 
fortnightly  during  ls71,  bul  on  the  first  of  January,  1872,  it  was 
enlarged  and  has  since  been  published  weekly,  the  sise  being 

*  We  remember  t"  have  received  MTertJ  aomben  of  this  juvenile  paper,  tad  eu 
bt  ir  i .  1 1 1 1 1 1 . 1 1 \  to  its  respect  ible  appearance.    We  bate  never  known  .i  bog  « 
tbe  tmbitioD,  patience  end  perseverance  t"  educate  himself,  whili  Id,  m 

for  a«  to  print  ■  juvenile  paper,  but  gained  eventuaUj  .i  bigfa  position  Ibi 
■  ii    mob   cam    »iil   appeal   in    tbe   eonne   of  tn]     H 
\    M    us  boy,  nov.  mi  the   Patent  Office  at  Washington,  end    il-.>  editor  ..t'  that 
well-conducted  paper,  "The  Silent  World,"  who  ins  been  totaUj  deaf  since  nine 
commenced  in  this  waj      We  (brushed  him  with  type,  and  he  made 
himoi  ill  tb  srhii  h,  it  the  age  of  ten  to  tweln  dited,  printed  and 

pnblisbed  quite  i  respectable  ni  —  /.'</. 


LINCOLN    COUNTY.  HI 

21  by  14,  and  the  terras  $2.00  a  year.  The  publisher  aims  to  fur- 
nish, in  a  neat  and  convenient  form,  a  weekly  record  of  the  local 
news  of  Lincoln  county,  interspersed  with  entertaining  miscellany, 
both  original  and  selected.  In  politics  and  religion  it  is  independ- 
ent; but  devotes  but  little  space  to  either  subject,  making  a  spe- 
cialty of  local  news.  Its  advertising  columns  are  attractively  set, 
and  none  but  first-class  advertisements  are  admitted.  The  origi- 
nal articles  in  the  Oracle,  both  prose  and  poetry,  have  attracted 
much  attention,  and  many  have  been  widely  copied. 

The  Lincoln  Patriot  was  published  in  Waldoboro,  by  Nich- 
ols Brothers,  about  1837-'41. 

The  Lincoln  Democrat  was  published  in  Newcastle  in  1856, 
by  J.  J.  Ramsay. 

The  Lincoln  Advertiser  was  published  in  Damariscotta  in 
1859. 


I  II  I. 


PRESS  OF  HANCOCK  COUNTY 


CAST!  N  E  . 

BY    n.    K.   B  \u  vi:i:, 

El'ITOR   OF    THE    Kl.LSWoHTH    UUUOU. 

JOURNAL. 
By  a  copy  of  the  Castine  Journal  and  Advertiser  in  my  pos- 
session, published  in  L800  by  David  J.  Waters,  it  appears  that 
t_  1 1 i  — ;  paper  was  commenced  in  L799.  [ts  publication  was  continued 
in  Castine  aboul  two  years, when  the  establishment  was  removed 
t<»  Hampden.  Sir.  Waters  was  the  bod  of  William  Wat< 
Boston,  and  Learned  his  trade  of  Messrs.  Adams  and  Rhodi  a,  of 
thai  city.  When  he  commenced  business  in  Castine,  the  Journal 
sustained  whal  was  called  the  Federal  Bide  in  politics;  bul  grad- 
ually it  changed  its  politics  and  became  a  supporter  of  Jefferson. 
This  was  much  against  the  prevailing  Bentimenl  of  the  people, 
and  it  ma]  accounl  for  its  early  removal  to  Hampden.  Mr. 
Waters1  connection  \\  iili  the  Journal  ceased  in  aboul  a  year  after 
its  removal.  He  then  wenl  to  Richmond,  \  ;u  where  he  died  in  a 
I'm  months,  a1  an  earh  age.     He  was  a  member  of  the  Masonic 


I      --in  1798  iIm  I  I  •  iMi-ln  <l  at  Castine  bj  D      b!  S   W 

i         Story,  a  young  lawyer  of  promiee  in  thai  town,  wai  i  principal  contributor." 
Willi. mi  Willis,  in  ins  Hiatorj  of  Portland.     s-  Mi   Sawyer 

mi  t iii -s  point,  it  is  presumed  be  baa  no  knowledge  of  each  a  papei      Hi         — 
"  There  are  a  fen  bovnd-votumu  of  the  Ural  paper  printed  In  the  county,  bal 

learn  ofn thai  followed  the  Caatine  Journal, until  that  "i"  the  EUlaworth  Herald  in 

i  \i     Sawyer,  it  ia  erident,  baa  beetowed  much  labor  in  hia  reaearchea.    Few 

are  liring,  he  aaya,  who  can  gi?e  anj   information  in  ri-tr-.r.!  to  papera  printed  sixty 
d  the  written  record  >►.  therefore,  .ill  thai  we  ha»e  fbr  <nir  guia)e, —  /•"(/ 


HAJNCOCK     COUNTY.  H3 

Fraternity.  The  Journal  is  a  sheet  about  22  by  18  inches,  printed 
on  English  paper.  A  large  portion  of  its  columns  were  devoted 
to  foreign  news.  But  little  attention  appears  to  have  been  given 
to  local  affairs. 

EAGLE. 

A  correspondent  at  Castine  wrote  a  few  years  since  as  follows : 
"  The  second  newspaper  published  in  Castine  was  the  Castine 
Eagle,  published  by  Samuel  Hall,  at  $2.00  a  year  —  the  first  num- 
ber dated  Nov.  14,  1809.  I  do  not  know  how  long  the  paper 
lived,  but  have  never  seen  a  number  except  of  vol.  i.  The  next 
paper  was  the 

AMERICAN, 
Afterwards  called  the  Eastern  American,  the  first  number  of 
which  was  issued  Jan.  20,  1827;  terms,  $2.00  a  year;  A.  H. 
Haynes  and  Co.,  publishers  —  afterward  by  Benj.  Franklin  Bond. 
This  journal  was  issued  only  about  one  year.  I  have  seen  num- 
ber 1.  vol.  i.  of  a  small  literary  paper  called  the  Crescent,  which 
was  issued  from  the  office  of  the  American,  Feb.  15,  1828.  The 
American  appears  to  have  advocated  the  re-election  of  President 
Adams.     The  Eagle  was  neutral  in  politics." 

BLUEHILL. 

A  Bluehill  correspondent  says  —  "In  1830  a  paper  was  pub- 
lished here  called  the  Bluehill  Beacon  and  Hancock  County 
Journal,  edited  and  published  by  B.  F.  Bond.  It  continued 
nearly  two  years.  It  was  neutral  in  politics  at  first,  but  became 
'  National  Republican.' " 

BUCK SPORT. 

From  a  Bucksport  correspondent  we  gather  the  following  — 
"In  July,  1805,  W.  W.  Clapp  came  here  from  Boston,  and  issued 
the  first  newspaper,  called  the  Maine  Gazette.  The  paper  was 
well  conducted  for  the  time.  Mr.  Clapp  being  a  very  strong- 
Federalist,  and  his  correspondents  also,  the  Gazette  exerted  a  pow- 
erful influence  in  favor  of  that  party  throughout  the  county,  re- 
ceiving a  very  liberal  support  for  six  years.  In  1811  Clapp  sold 
15 


Ill  THE  NEWS  PI  MAINE. 

i. ut  to  Anthony  Holland,  who  continued  the  paper  about  a  year, 
when  li«-  packed  up  all  the  materials  of  1 1 1*-  office  and  moved  into 
Ni  u  Brunswick." 


E  I.  LS  W  0  RT  II  . 

INDEPENDENT   CO!  RIJ  It 
The   Endependenl   Courier  was  launched  Qpon  the  turbulent 
Bea  of  oewspaper  life  in  Ellsworth,  Nov.  29,  1826.     In  lii-  P 
pectus  to  this  paper,  the  late  Charles  Lowell,  of  Ellsworth,  indulges 
in  the  following  bright  anticipations:  — 

"The  fad  that  there  is  no  paper  published  within  I"  miles  of 
Ellsworth,  on  the  west,  and  100  miles  on  the  east,  together  with 
the  increasing  prosperity  of  this  Bection  of  the  country  and  the 
liberality  of  its  inhabitants,  all  combine  to  produce  :i  belief  that 
there  is  not,  at  this  time,  in  the  State  of  Maine,  a  place  which 
holds  <>nt  bo  many  inducements  to  establish  a  oewspaper,  as  at 
Ellsworth." 

Mr.  Lowell  entered  upon  his  work  with  much  seal,  and  with 
great  courage  and  faith  in  In-  Buccess;  but  li<'  continued  in  the 
business  less  than  three  year-.     In  his  valedictory  to  the  readers 
of  the   Northern  Statesman   of  November,    lv'iv.  which   was 
commenced  "by  him,  and  expired  on  reaching  it-  cycle  of52  num- 
vo\.  i.,  he  Bays:  — 
••In  the  autumn  of  1826  \\<'  commenced  the  publication  of  the 
Endependenl  Courier,  which  was  the  first  newspaper  published  in 
Ellsworth.     It  advocated  the  re-election  of  Mr.  A. lam-.     In  ls-J'.' 
we  disposed  of  our  interest   in  the  establishment   to  the  Messrs. 
Hale,  who  published  a  neutral  paper  for  a  few  months.     An  anti- 
Jackson  paper,  called  the  Hancock   Advertiser,  was  published 
Boveral  years  afterward,  from  the  Bame  office,  b)    Robert  Grant, 
and  afterward  bj  Grant  and  Moor.     In   188-1   it   ceased  to  exist. 
In    1885  tli<:  Radii  \i.  a  .lack-on  paper,  with  a  mu    office,  was 
established  b^  D.  T.  Pike  and  Co.     In  !—::»»  it   fell  into  the  hands 
of  others,  and  was  converted  into  o  whig  paper.    It  was* published 
i>\  a  "Nli    Washburn  some  six  or  eight  months.     In  the  spring  of 


HANCOCK   COUNTY.  1  |  ;, 

1837  it  passed  into  the  hands  of  Joseph  H.  Jordan,  who  published 
a  neutral  paper  for  about  eight  months,  called  the  Lai;<>i:ki:"s 
Jouenai,.  In  November,  1837,  the  writer  (Charles  Lowell)  took  the 
office,  united  it  with  another,  and  commenced  the  publication 
of  the  Northern  Statesman. 

During  the  twelve  years  which  have  elapsed  since  the  estab- 
lishment of  the  Courier  in  1826,  there  have  been  issued  from  the 
press  various  other  sheets  purporting  to  be  newspapers  printed  in 
Ellsworth,  which,  in  fact,  were  only  hand-bills,  issued  in  that  form 
to  avoid  postage,  etc.  In  reality  all  the  papers  ever  published  in 
town  up  to-  this  time,  are  the  Courier,  Advertiser,  Radical,  Jour- 
nal, and  Statesman  —  five  in  all." 

The  history  of  newspaper  publishing  in  this  county  from  Nov;, 
1838,  when  the  Statesman  was  discontinued,  is  one  of  sad  mor- 
tality. Next  after  the  Statesman  was  the  Bee,  published  by  Jos. 
H.  Jordan.  This  paper  was  issued  in  the  autumn  of  1839,  and 
continued  in  existence  less  than  two  years.  The  Hancock  Dem- 
ocrat was  started  by  the  same  gentleman  in  June,  1847,  and  lived 
for  about  three  years.  He  then  commenced  another  journal  called 
the  Eastern  Freeman,  in  1853,  and  continued  it  one  or  two 
years.  ^  . 

ELLSWORTH  HERALD. 

In  October,  1851,  Messrs.  Couliard  and  Hilton  came  to  Ells- 
worth from  Bangor,  and  commenced  the  Ellsworth  Herald.  Mr. 
Hilton  closed  his  connnection  with  the  paper  in  about  six  months. 
Mr.  Couliard  continued  the  paper  until  the  fill  of  1854  as*  a  neu- 
tral paper.  Its  publication  was  then  discontinued,  and  the  press 
and  material  passed  into  other  hands  —  that  of  \Vm.  II.  Chaney, 
who,  in  November  or  December  of  1854,  started  the 

ELLSWORTH  AMERICAN. 

Subsequently  Mr.  Chaney  associated  with  him  Chas.  W.  Moor, 
of  Ellsworth,  and  this  firm  published  the  American  until  Dec, 
1855;  not  quite  52  numbers  were  issued  by  them.  N.  K.  Sawyer 
then  became  the  purchaser,  three  weeks  before  it  had  reached  its 
52d  number.     The  American  is  now  printed  on  paper  42  by  28. 


116 


III  I.    NEWS    PRESS   "I     MUM!. 


It  i- lh ly  paper  printed  in  the  county.     None  bot  a  weekly 

ittempted  here.     Win.  P.  Burr  was  connected  with  the 
American  from  1861  to  ls,'">.     II>-  was  a  practical  printer,  and  a 
'_">'>'!  partner.     Hi-  interest  was  purchased,  at  his  own  request,  in 
and  he  removed  t'>   Brewer  to  in  other  business. 

From  thai  time  tin'  presenl  publisher  assumed  tin-  ownership  and 
editorship.  In  1869,  new  pr<  sses  and  type  were  purchased  to  tin* 
value  of  12,000.     It-  presenl  circulation  i-  -J.  tun. 

In  April,  I860,  Messrs,  Wasson  ami  Moor  started  an  agricul- 
tural paper  called  tin-  Eastebh  Pabhbb,  which  they  continued 
until  the  tall  of  1861,  when  tiny  suspended  it-  publication,  1  it 
fall  a  paper  was  started  in  Bucksport,  called  the  Rtvbbsede  E<  ho. 
It  i-  printed  in  Portland,  and  i>  in  -Mine  sense  the  organ  <»t"  the 
Beveral  temperance  organizations  of  the  county.  We  Learn  it  is 
not  a  Bource  of  pecuniary  profit  to  the  enterprising  publisher. 

In  .Ian..  1  866,  <  !ol.  Z.  A.  Smith  started  the  II  w>  •>.  g  .i,,t  b»  \i  . 
It  was  Union  in  politics, bul  after  reaching  it-  38th  Dumber  it  was 
disc* 'in inued  for  w  ant  i »f  Bupport. 


The  cumber  of  newspapers  which  we  have  enumerated  in  our 
brief  sketch,  amounts  to  nearl)  twenty  in  number;  and  \<  it,  bo  tar 
as  we  can  learn,  no  two,jus1  the  opposite  in  politics,  hav< 
been  published  at  the  same  time.  Mr.  Washburn  at  one  time,  bul 
for  a  tiu  weeks  only,  started  the  novel  idea  <'t"  making  lii-  paper 
the  advocate  of  both  parties;  not  that  he  ua-  a  "fence  man," 
quite,  but  he  tried  the  experiment  <'t'  having  lii-  paper  the  expo- 
nent of  inn  parties- — < >iit-  Bide  of  the  paper  being  devoted  to  the 
interests  of  the  Jackson  party,  and  the  other  was  equally  Eealous 
for  the  Adams  party.     Mr.  Lowell,  however — g 1  authority  — 

-a\-  thai    Mr.  Wa-liluirn'-  paper  was  an  anti-.laek-'ii  paper.      The 

paper  -"..ii  changed  hands.     The  experiment  was  not  \\\\\\  tested. 

Mr.  !  '•  ■  1 1  ■  1  who  figured  in  this  count}  for  so  man}  years  in  the 

paper  business,  was  n  Hallowell  man.     He  emigrated  to  Bo* 

.'on  from  tin-  county.     Mr.  Grant,  the  publisher  of  the  Hancock 


HANCOCK   COUNTY.  H7 

Advertiser,  was  a  native  of  this  town.  He,  many  years  since, 
went  to  New  York,  and  lias  spent  his  time  in  .  scientific  pursuits. 
He  was  engaged  several  years  in  experimenting  with  the  calcium 
light,  and  government  employed  him  for  a  time  during  the  war 
to  test  it.  We  have  one  number  of  the  Advertiser  now  before  us, 
and  we  fail  to  find  in  it  any  terms  of  publication,  or  any  statement 
as  to  who  is  the  publisher."    It  is  dated  April  2,  1834. 

Mr.  Joseph  H.  Jordan,  who  started  so  many  papers  in  this  town, 
was  a  genial,  true-hearted  man ;  at  one  time  he  represented  the  town 
in  the  Legislature,  and  was  for  a  few  years  collector  of  this  port.  He 
subseqnently  obtained  a  clerkship  at  Washington,  and  removed 
his  family  there.  He  died  in  that  city  some  years  ago.  He  was 
a  practical  printer. 

Charles  Lowell  was  a  merchant  in  this  town  (Ellsworth)  be- 
fore going  into  the  newspaper  business.  He  subsequently  read 
law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practiced  his  profession  until 
his  death  a  few  years  since.  He  was  never  a  practical  printer. 
He  was  a  most  prolific  political  writer.  Mr.  Conliard  is  residing, 
we  learn,  in  Massachusetts,  and  continues  to  work  at  his  business. 
Mr.  Hilton  is,  or  was,  in  New  York  City ;  so,  also,  of  Mr.  Chaney. 
We  have  already  spoken  of  Mr.  Waters. 

Of  the  Messrs.  Hale  we  can  learn  nothing  in  particular,  only 
that  the  firm  was  composed  of  Alden  S.  and  John  M.  Hale.  Alden 
S.  was  a  practical  printer,  learning  his  trade  in  Brooklyn,  New 
York.  He  published  a  paper  at  Walpole,  N.  H.,  before  coming  to 
Ellsworth.  He  died  sometime  since  in  Rutland,  Vt.  J.  M.  Hale, 
the  partner,  still  lives  in  Ellsworth.  On  inquiry,  he  asserts  posi- 
tively that  he  did  not  gather  up  his  present  competence  in  the 
business. 

D.  T.  Pike,  of  Augusta,  who  published  the  Radical,  made  the 
ablest  paper  yet  published  in  the  county,  it  is  said.  It  was  what 
its  name  indicated,  and  it  represented  the  views  of  the  Jarvis 
branch  of  the  Democratic  party.  Samuel  Hall,  who  published 
the  Castine  Eagle  in  1810,  was  from  Boston.  He  advertised  to  do 
job-printing,  and  no  doubt  was  a  practical  printer. 

The  fact  that  no  newspaper,  except  the  one  now  published,  has 


11-  THE  NEWS  PRESS  01     If  AIM  l.. 

ever  been  published  continuously  for  more  than  Beven  years,  since 
the  establishment  of  the  Castine  Journal  in  1799,  tells  it-  own 
story.  As  purely  money  making  enterprises,  they  have  been  fail- 
ures; as  means  to  reach  political  position  and  promotion,  they 
have  also  been  failures.  But  thai  these  publications  hai 
ood  influence  on  the  public,  is  true. 


i  ii  i; 


PRESS  OF  OXFORD  C01  MY. 


I      We   are  indebted  to  Mi      i.G.B   Barrows,  W.  \.  I'h-.iv  N.  T.Trub 
u  ■'■  E.  Goodbow,  and  others,  for  the  History  of  the  Preaa  in  thia  county. 

F  R  y  E  B  r  RG 

l;i  SSE1  i  'S  I  CHO. 
One  of  the  earliesl  papers  published  in  Maine  was  Russell's 
Echo,  or  the   North  Si  lb,  established  in  Fryeburg,  Feb.,  1798. 
Ii  was  started  by  Elijah  Russell,  who  had  formerly  printed  a  paper 
in  Concord,  N.  II.    The  Echo  was  published,  weekly.  Lees  than  a 
year.     Its  size  was  aboul  24  by  18;  terms,  1.50  per  annum.     A 
Bingle  copj  i-  in  the  possession  of  Hon.  Geo.  B.  Barrovi  a,oi  I 
burg,  who  writes  thai  every  Bpring,  in  digging  lii-  garden,  he  finds 
Btones  which  were  pari  of  the  foundation  of  the  old  printing-office. 
The  late  Arthur  Shirley,  of  Portland,  i-  Bald  to  have  Bel  the  first 
type  in  the  office  of  the  Echo.     A  tiu  copies  of  Russell's  Echo 
are  to  be  found  al  Worcester,  Ikfaseu,  and  al    Dartmouth  College, 
and  perhaps  in  the  library  of  the  Historical  Society  al  Concord, 
V  II. 

\  <  >  i;  w   \  v  . 

<>\i  l  IRD  0BSER1  EH 
'I  In'  printing  business  commenced  in  Norwaj  on  a  small  scale 
as  earl}  ae  1826.     David   Noyes,in  bis  History  of  Norway, 
\   i  Barton  then  commenced  publishing  the  Oxford  Observer  in 


OXFORD   COUNTY.  U9 

this  village,  and  from  1828  Wm.  P.  Phelps  was  associated  with 
him  until  April,  1829,  when  Wm.  E.  Goodnow  bought  out  the  in- 
teresl  of  Asa  Barton,  and  the  paper  was  published  by  Goodnow 
and  Phelps  until  October,  1830."  At  that  time  Mr.  Goodnow 
bought  out  the  interest  of  Phelps,  and  published  the  Observer 
until  June,  1832.  The  title  of  the  paper  was  then  changed  to  the 
Politician,  (Wm.  A.  Evans,  editor),  to  conform  to  the  high  state 
of  political  feeling  then  existing,  on  the  eve  of  a  presidential  elec- 
tion. The  Politician  was  continued  until  April,  1833,  when  the 
establishment  was  sold  to  Horatio  King,  of  Paris,  who  took  it 
with  the  Jeffersonian  establishment  to  Portland.  The  county 
was  left  destitute  of  a  paper  until  June,  1833.  At  this  time,  Asa 
Barton  commenced  the  publication  of  the  Oxford  Oracle,  an 
independent  paper,  and  after  having  issued  seven  numbers,  sold 
the  establishment. 

In  April,  1832,  the  Journal  of  the  Times,  a  small,  indepen- 
dent, weekly  paper,  was  commenced  by  Wm.  E.  Goodnow,  and 
published  about  three  months.  It  was  then  discontinued,  from 
the  fact  of  its  interfering  with  the  subscription  list  of  the  Politi- 
cian. In  March,  1830,  a  small,  independent  paper,  called  the 
Village  Spy,  was  commenced  by  Asa  Barton ;  but  in  a  short 
time  it  was  discontinued  for  want  of  patronage. 

NORWAY  ADVERTISER. 

The  Norway  Advertiser,  an  independent  family  paper,  was 
commenced  by  Ira  Berry  in  March,  1844;  subsequently  published 
by  Ira  Berry  and  Francis  Blake,  jr.  After  the  dissolution  of  the 
copartnership,  it  was  published  by  Berry  alone.  The  paper  was 
subsequently  published  by  Edwin  Plummer ;  then  by  Albert  B. 
Davis  and  Cyrus  W.  Brown ;  then  by  Thomas  Witt ;  and  lastly, 
by  Mark  H.  Dunnell.  Mr.  Dunnell  soon  altered  the  name  to  the 
Pine  State  News.     It  was  discontinued  in  Jan.,  1851. 

In  July,  1851,  a  newspaper  under  the- old  name  of  the  Norway 
Advertiser,  printed  on  a  large,  handsome  sheet,  was  established 
by  Moses  B.  Bartlett.  It  was  subsequently  purchased  by  George 
W.  Millett.  Until  the  publication  of  the  Advertiser,  with  the  ex- 
ception of  the  Politician,  (which  was  whig),  the  Norway  papers 


120  ™  '    NEWS    PRESS  Ol    M  \i  N  I  • 

been  what  in  oommon  paarlanoe  are  styled  neutral  papers; 
bul  within  a  few  months  the  Advertiser  has  abed  its  old  Dentnl 
akin,  and  appeara  al  this  time  (Jan.,  1863)  in  a  democratic  garb. 
The  Advertiser  waa  discontinued  al  the  time  of  the  election  of 
Abraham  Lincoln.  [Nobwat,  \ <■.,..  1866.] 

PARIS. 

0X1  ORD  OBS£R\  ER 
The  first  attempt  al  journalism  in  Paris  was  the  starting  of 
the  Oxford  Observer,  July  v.  1824  Asa  Barton  was  the  editor 
and  proprietor,  and  added  to  these  duties  the  care  of  :i  country 
store.  The  paper  was  a  folio  of  five  columns  to  a  page,  and  was 
independent  in  politics.  Pari-  Lost  this  luminary  in  a  sudden  and 
unexpected  manner.  Village  rivalry  made  the  citizens  of  Norway 
ambitious  to  have  a  newspaper.  An  arrangemenl  was  made  with 
Mr.  Barton  to  move  to  that  place.  By  the  aid  of  an  01  tram  the 
whole  thing  was  accomplished  in  a  single  night,  in  December, 
1826,  without  the  knowledge  of  the  citizens  of  Paris.  The  subse- 
quent history  of  this  paper  is  noticed  in  Capt.  Goodnow's  sketch 

..I'  the  press  of  Norway. 

JEFFERSON!  W 

In  1s-.>  the  Jeffersonian  was  issued  in  Pari-.  It  was  a  political 
paper  of  the  democratic  school.  We  gather  from  an  incomplete 
file  belonging  to  E.  R.  Holmes,  Esq.  thai  it  was  started  in  1828.  It 
was  for  some  time  published  by  Bon.  Hannibal  Hamlin,  and  II  n. 
Horatio  King.  It  was  printed  in  the  building  no^  occupied  by 
the  Democrat  and  Register  offices.  This  paper  was  removed  t" 
Portland  in  \^-<-. 

0X1  ORD  DEMOCB  \T 

In  March,  Is:::'.,  a  paper  with  the  above  title  waa  issued  by 
G  \\  .  Blilletl  and  Octavius King.     It  was  radically  demo- 

cratic in  politics.  Bang  sold  hi-  interest  to  Milieu  at  the  end  of 
-i\  months.  The  paper  was  edited  by  the  late  Hon.  Joseph  <J. 
Cole,  Clerk  of  Courts  for  Oxford  oountj  for  many  years.  Mr. 
Milieu's  services  were  rewarded  bj  the  lucrative  appointment  of 


OXFORD   COUNTY.  121 

village  postmaster.  The  paper  was  continued  with  varying  for- 
tune until  1849,  when  the  neat  building  which  Col.  Millett  had 
erected  for  an  office  was  destroyed  by  fire,  and  the  property  was 
a  total  loss.  In  a  few  months  the  paper  was  again  issued,  Geo. 
L.  Mellen,  a  native  of  Paris,  being  associated  with  Col.  Millett. 
Mr.  Mellen  had  learned  the  business  in  the  Democrat  office,  but 
had  been  engaged  in  Boston,  in  the  publication  of  the  Boston 
Museum,  for  some  time.  The  paper  was  printed  in  the  shop  of 
John  R.  Merrill,  and  was  a  handsome  seven  column  folio.  The  in- 
terest of  Col.  Millett  was  purchased  by  politicians  in  Paris,  and 
subsequently  by  Mr.  Mellen,  who  published  the  paper  until  1853; 
at  which  time  he  received  the  appointment  of  mail  agent  from 
Portland  to  Bangor.  It  was  then  purchased  by  a  number  of  gen- 
tlemen, and  appeared  in  the  name  of  Noah  Prince,  who  owned 
one-fifteenth  of  the  paper. 

It  was  during  Mr.  Mellen's  proprietorship  that  Geo.  F.  Emery, 
Esq.,  undertook,  as  editor,  to  correct,  within  the  Democratic  or- 
ganization, some  of  the  pro-slavery  and  other  sentiments  which  he 
then  believed  began  to  disfigure  its  record.  With  a  graceful  pen 
he  entered  upon  the  task  ;  but  immediately  found  himself  in  the 
midst  of  a  bitter  personal  controversy  with  various  members  of 
his  own  party.  This  controversy  was  really  introductory  to  that 
which  followed ;  and  the  causes  which  gave  rise  to  it,  and  the 
measures  involved  in  it,  were  at  that  time  apparently  identical. 

During  the  last  year  of  Mr.  Mellen's  ownership  the  temperance 
and  anti-slavery  sentiment  of  the  country,  and  especially  of  this 
State,  created  much  discussion  and  threatened  a  division  of  the 
Democratic  party.  The  "  crushing  out "  letter  of  Hon.  Caleb 
dishing  —  Pres.  Pierce's  Secretary  of  State  —  followed  by  Gov. 
Hubbard's  signature  to  a  more  stringent  liquor  law,  hastened  this 
event.  For  these  causes  the  Oxford  Democrat  now  became  the 
nucleus  of  a  rebellion,  rallying  to  its  standard  a  host  of  true  and 
zealous  supporters,  ripe  for  opposition  to  what  they  believed  to  be 
errors  of  policy  and  party  organization.  Under  the  new  proprie- 
torship, the  inside  of  the  paper  (now  called  '  bogus '  by  its  oppo- 
16 


[22 


Til  E  NEWS    PRESS  01     MAI  NE. 


Dents]  w.is  onder  the  editorial  charge  ofThomae  II  Brown,  v.  p.. 
:t 1 1  able  writer,  who  vigorously  Bnstained  the  political  conflict 
.- 1 -_r ; » i ' » - t  the  Norway  Advertiser,  then  edited  by  Rev.  G.  K.  Shaw, 
who  very  zealously  apheld  and  advocated  the  pro-alavery  policy 
of  the  I  democratic  party. 

The  Democral  was  the  first  paper  in  Maine  thai  openlyre- 
volted  and  let\  the  party,  and  foughl  alone  in  the  campaign  which 
resulted  in  the  election  ofHon-Anson  P.  Morrill  ae  Governor. 
In  L855  the  Lnteresl  of  the  Bhareholders  was  purchased  by  U.S. 
Str\  ens  and  W.  A.  I Idgin, — the  paper  appearing  in  the  firm  name 
of  W.  A.  Pidgin  and  ( !o.  En  lx"i('>  Mr,  Stevens  retire. 1  from  the 
firm.  Dr.  Brown  continued  t<>  edil  the  paper  for  aboul  three 
years,  when  Bon.  John  J.  Perr)  became  his  successor,  as  political 
editor, — the  duties  of  office-editor  devolving  upon  Mr.  Pidgin,  who 
gave  more  prominence  to  local  matter-,  and  organized  the  system 
of  Local  correspondence,  for  which  the  paper  has  become  bo  well 
known.  In  lMiT  the  paper  was  purchased  by  CoL  Fred  K.  Shaw, 
its  present  able  editor  and  proprietor.  In  June,  L869,  Mr.  Shaw 
enlarged  the  paper  (which  had  been  cut  down  during  the  war)  to 
its  original  size  of  86  bj  25,  and  by  tile  aid  of  new  apparatus 
put  a  new  dress  upon  it.  The  circulation  (1,400  at  the  time  of 
purchase)  was  soon  increased  to  1,850. 

OXJ  ORD  REGISTER. 

The  publication  of  the  Oxford  Register  waa  commenced  Oct 
l.  L869,  bj  M.  an. I  o.  I-'.  Watson  of  Biddeford,  under  the  firm  of 
Wat -on  Bros.;  Geo.  K.  Shaw,  editor ;  Samuel  II.  Carter,  local  edi- 
tor and  business  manager.  The  paper  was  printed  at  the  office  of 
the  Maine  Democrat,  Biddeford.  April  28,  1871,  a  printing-office 
waa  established  at  Paris  Hill,  and  the  first  Dumber  was  prime. 1 
here ;  the  size  changed  from  an  eight  t.>  a  seven  column  paper; 
.Mr.  Carter  retiring,  and  Oi  M.  Watson,  son  of  the  senior  proprie- 
tor, taking  his  place.  Oct.  20,  L871,  Samuel  II.  Carter  purchased 
the  paper  of  Messrs.  Watson,  an. I  became  sole  editor  and  propri- 
etor. 


OXFORD     COUNTY.  123 

BETHEL. 

BETHEL  COURIER. 

This  paper  was  issued  at  Bethel  under  the  copartnership  of 
D.  Cady  and  F.  Smith.  Its  first  number  hears  date,  Dec.  17, 1858. 
After  the  fourth  issue,  Mr.  Cady  sold  out  his  interest  to  Mr.  Smith, 
and  a  copartnership  was  formed  by  F.  Smith  and  James  Nutting, 
as  proprietors.  Most  of  the  editorial  matter  from  its  commence- 
ment was  written  by  X.  T.  True,  though  this  fact  was  not  gener- 
ally known  iintil  he  was  publicly  announced  as  editor,  July  15, 
1859.  At  this  date,  Smith  sold  out  to  Nutting,  who  was  sole  pro- 
prietor until  the  46th  number  of  vol.  n.,  when,  ill  health  compel- 
ling him  to  seek  different  employment,  he  sold  out  his  interest  in 
the  paper  to  J.  Alden  Smith.  A  card,  job,  and  power-press,  with 
new  type,  was  now  procured,  and  the  appearance  of  the  paper 
much  improved.  Dr.  True  continued  as  editor  until  June  7, 1861, 
when  he  retired  from  the  business.  The  paper  was  published  by 
Mr.  Smith  until  July  26,  1861,  when  the  high  prices  of  stock  com- 
pelled him  to  give  up  the  paper,  much  to  the  regret  of  the  citizens 
of  Bethel.  Its  list  of  subscribers  was  united  with  that  of  the  Ox- 
ford Democrat. 

During  the  existence  of  the  Courier,  Dr.  True  contributed 
ninety-seven  chapters  on  the  History  of  Bethel;  Dea.  George 
Chapman  several  chapters  on  the  early*  History  of  Gilead ;  and 
J.  G.  Rich,  of  Upton,  wrote  quite  a  number  of  interesting  and  val- 
uable articles  on  the  Wild  Animals  of  Maine.  The  writer  is  not 
aware  of  the  existence  of  more  than  two  files  of  the  paper ;  one 
in  possession  of  Mrs.  Moses  Mason,  and  the  other  in  possession  of 
John  Q.  A.  Twitehell,  in  Portland.  Duplicate  copies  of  the  His- 
tory of  Bethel  were  cut  out  of  the  paper  by  the  editor,  and  put  in 
sera]  i  book  form,  one  volume  of  which  he  deposited  in  the  library 
of  the  Maine  Historical  Society,  and  the  other  he  still  retains. 
Dr.  True's  editorial  labors  were  Gratuitous. 


t  ii  i: 


ri;i>s  or  YOttK  I OIMV 


K  K\  N  E  BUN  K. 

\\\  ma  oi  the  TiMEa 
In  Ihi:;  the  AimaK  of  the  Times  was  oommenced  and  contin- 
ued two  years  in  Kennebunk.  On  M  arch  20, 1805*,  the  first  Dum- 
ber of  the  Kiwii-.ink  Gazette  appeared.  It  was  published 
until  aboul  L842,  by  Jas.  L  Remick,  who  died  a1  Kennebunk, 
Sept.  :;,  1863,  aged  sn  years.  The  Gazette  was  continued  by  lii« 
Bon,  Daniel  Remick,  fora  few  years. 


s  A  CO    AND    BIDDEFORD. 

FREES!  w *S  i  i;n  \i». 

A  paper  by  the  name  of  the  Freeman's  Friend  was  published 
in  Saco  in  1805,  b)  Wm.  Weeks;  for  how  long  a  time, we  do  nol 
learn.  There  appears  in  the  firsl  number  of  the  paper  an  adver- 
tisement ofa  wool-carding  machine  in  operation,  bj  John  MayaU, 
at  Jefford's  mills  in  Kennebunk.  Timothj  Keazer  advertises  for 
Bale  an  oration,  delivered  at  Saco,  Jul}  1, 1806,  b)  Joseph  Bartlett. 
M  \l\i.  PALLADII  M 

The  Maine  Palladium  was  published  at  Saco  as  earl]  as  the 
autumn  "i   1820,  bj    Putnam  and   Blake,  and  as  late  as  Julj  21, 


YORK   COUNTY.  J25 

MAINE  DEMOCRAT. 

The  Maine  Democrat  was  commenced  in  Saco,  Jan.  6,  1828, 
by  Messrs.  Wm,  and  John  Condon,  who  continued  to  publish  it  for 
several  years,  and  then  sold  it  to  T.  Maxwell  and  Michael  Beck, 
Esq.  of  Portsmouth.  Mr.  Beck  in  a  short  time  purchased  Maxwell's 
interest  in  the  paper  and  continued  its  publication  until  the  time 
of  his  death,  in  1843.  It  was  then  purchased  by  Alpheus  A.  Han- 
scom,  who  continued  as  its  editor  and  publisher  until  May,  1864. 

Wm.  Noyes  with  his  son  then  purchased  the  Democrat.  The 
son,  Isaac  B.  Noyes,  was  editor  until  he  died,  a  few  months  after- 
ward.* A  second  son  was  received  into  partnership,  and  the  pa- 
per continued  under  the  firm  of  Wm.  Noyes  and  Co.,  for  about 
three  years.  In  Oct.,  1867  it  was  sold  to  Charles  A.  Shaw,  Esq. 
of  Biddeford  ;  but  the  Messrs.  Noyes  continued  its  publication  till 
near  the  first  of  January  following.  Mr.  Shaw  then  removed  to 
Biddeford,  where  he  erected  a  new  building  for  the  reception  of 
the  office,  and  there  immediately  commenced,  in  connection  with 
the  Democrat,  a  daily,  called  the  Daily  Times.  He  expended 
several  thousand  dollars  on  the  establishment ;  but  finding  that  a 
daily  could  not  be  sustained  he  lost  his  interest  in  the  undertak- 
ing, discontinued  the  daily,  and  soon  afterward  (Oct.,  1868)  sold 
his  apparatus,  with  the  Democrat,  to  E.  K.  Smart,  of  Camden. 
Mr.  Smart  continued  to  publish  the  Democrat,  until  May,  1869, 
when  it  was  purchased  by  the  Watson  Brothers,  its  present  pub- 
lishers and  proprietors  ;  since  which  it  has  been  under  the  edito- 
rial management  of  Geo.  K.  Shaw,  Esq. 


*1saac  Badger  Noyes,  at  the  breaking  out  of  the  Rebellion  in  1861,  immediate- 
ly gave  up  the  practice  of  Law,  and  recruited  the  first  company  of  soldiers  that  joined 
the  army  from  Saco,  of  which  he  was  chosen  Captain  as  soon  as  his  company  joined 
the  5th  Maine  Regiment.  He  at  once  proceeded  to  the  front  in  Virginia ;  but  his 
health  being  poor,  having  a  disease  of  the  heart  which  afterward  terminated  his  life, 
he  resigned  his  commission  in  the  fall  of  1861.  With  the  hope  of  regaining  his  health 
he  spent  the  two  following  years  in  South  America.  Returning  early  in  1864  he  im- 
mediately assumed  the  editorial  management  of  the  Maine  Democrat,  which  he  con- 
tinued to  conduct  till  the  time  of  his  death  in  December,  1863. 


126 


THE    n  EWS   PRESS  OK.  MAI  IN  E. 


Tlic  Union  oommenoed  in  .Ian..  1845,  withWm.Noyes  as  pro- 
prietor, and  Louis  O.  Cowan  as  editor.  The  Union  immediately 
took  rank  as  the  leading  organ  of  the  whigs  in  Fork  county. 
It  u:i->  continued  by  Nbyes  and  Cowan  until  Feb.,  1848, when 
.Mr.  Cowan  purchased  1 1 1« -  interest  of  Mr.  15  s,  and  continued 
its  publication  in  Saco  until  the  office  was  destroyed  by  fire  in 
1856;  he  then  moved  to  Biddeford,  and  purchased  the  Easi  bbm 
Hbbald  and  Merj  wiii.i:  Ai>\  i:i:  i  i-i.i:,  and  consolidated  the  two 
papers  under  the  name  of  the  Uniok  urn  Jotjbnal,  which  he 
continued  t<»  publish  until  the  time  of  his  death,  in  ls,'-">.  His 
widow  Bold  the  establishment  to  its  present  proprietor,J.  E.  Butler. 

BIDDEFORD  HERALD 

The  Biddeford  Herald  was  commenced  in  1848  by  Reed  and 
(•,,1,..  h  was  a  papn-  devoted  principally  to  local  news;  —  con- 
tinued under  the  conduct  of  its  originators  some  eight  months; 
thru,  to  it-  close,  about  nine  months,  under  W.  !•'.  Scammon.  Mr, 
Bcammon  then  commenced  the  publication  of  the  Biddxfobd 
Townsman,  which  lived  only  three  months. 
Mli:i   will  r.  \\<\  ERTISEB 

In  April,  L  849,  the  Mercantile  Advertiser  was  issued  by  Manns 
Watson,  dow  of  the  Maine  Democrat  It  was  moved  to  Bidde- 
ford in  1850,  and  sold  to  Daniel  E.  Somes,  who  published  it  un- 
der the  name  of  Eastern  JbuBNAi  aboul  a  year  and  a  half.  It 
was  then  sold  to  Mr.  Cowan,  and  merged  in  the  presenl  Union 
and  Journal, 

G  kZETTE. 

Jan.  5,  1857,  the  Gazette  made  it-  appearance  in  Biddeford; 
Marcus  Watson,  proprietor;  Chas.  II.  Granger,  editor;  and  contin- 
ued until  1861.  Marcus  Watson  and  Co.  then  commenced  the 
publication  of  the  Eastern  Herald,  which  was  published  one  year. 

JTORK  COUN  n    INDl  PENDI  N  I' 

The  York  Count)  Independent  first  appeared  Ma;  18,1869, 
bj  William  Noyes  and  bis  ron,  Wm.  8.  Noyes,  no*  the  firm  of 
w  .8.  Noyes  <S  ( '■•..  «  ho  -till  continue  its  publication,  in  connec- 
tion \\itli  their  job-printing  office.     [The  Messrs.  Noyes,  on  leav- 


YORK  COUNTY.  127 

ing  the  Maine  Democrat,  Jan.  1,  1868,  removed  to  Rockland,  and 
there  commenced  the  publication  of  the  Knox  and  Lincoln 
Patriot,  which  they  continued  to  publish,  as  per  contract,  just 
one  year ;  on  the  expiration  of  which  time  they  removed  their 
office  back  to  Saco.  This  city  of  6,000  inhabitants,  during  the 
year  of  their  absence,  had  been  without  a  paper  or  printing  press 
of  any  kind.] 

At  the  present  time,  the  York  County  Independent  is  the  only 
paper  published  in  Saco.  The  Maine  Democrat,  and  Union  and 
Journal,  are  published  in  Biddeford.  These  three  are,  at  this 
time,  the  only  papers  published  in  York  county. 

A  paper  in  the  interests  of  the  Free-will  Baptist  denomination 
was  published  for  a  time,  by  James  M.  Buzzell,  at  Saco,  and  after- 
ward removed  to  Limerick.     For  particulars  see  Appendix. 

ALFRED. 

A  paper  by  the  name  of  the  Columbian  Star  was  published 
at  Alfred,  in  1824,  by  James  Dickman  of  Augusta,  in  support  of 
W.  H.  Crawford  for  the  Presidency.  Mr.  Dickman  was  in  the 
printing-office  of  the  editor,  in  1820  to  '23,  as  an  apprentice,  —  in 
which  capacity  he  was  ever  faithful.     He  died  at  Boston  in  1870- 


t  ii  i: 


PRESS  OF  PENOBSCOT  COtJNTT. 


B  A  NGOK 


UY     HON.    .i.MIN    E.    GODFREY 


The  rite  of  Bangor  was  Brsl  visited  by  the  French,  under 
DeMonts  and  Champlain,  in  1605.  ft  was  firsl  Bottled  by  the 
English  in  lTti'.i.  It  was  incorporated  as  a  town  in  IT'.M  :  as  :i 
city,  in  ls:;i.  The  first  issne  of  a  newspaper  in  Bangor  was  on 
November  25,  L815.     It  was  styled  the 


BANGOR  u  I  .I'M  S  REGISTER 
The  Register  was  published  bj  Peter  Edee.  It  was  aol  parti- 
s:m  in  politics.  It  had  qo  particnlar  editor,  consequently  it  had 
ii"  bouI.  Newspaper  publishers  could  aol  afford  t>>  pay  for  new  — 
paper  souls  in  thai  day ;  it  was  as  much  as  thej  oould  do  t<>  keep 
the  bod)  alive,  let  alone  "  keeping  soul  and  body  together."  The 
town  of  Bangor  then  contained  aboul  l"1"1  inhabitants,  and  it  is 
aol  to  be  wondered  al  if  the  Register  was  aol  any  better  than 
other  journals  of  its  day.  It  ivas  a  medium,  however,  through 
which  writers  could  communicate  with  the  public;  and  matters  of 
Siatc  and  National  momenl  wire  discussed  in  its  columns.  A 
topic  which  occupied  a  large  space  in  them,  through  many  cum- 
bers, was  the  separation  of  Maine  from  Massachusetts,  The 
i  of  the  argument,  and  the  vote  of  Bangor,  was  in  favor  of 
the  separation.      Mr.   Edee  continued   lii^  connection   with    the 


PENOBSCOT  COUNTY.  joo, 

Register  until  December  25,  1817,  when  he  disposed  of  it  to 
James  Burton,  jr.,  who  changed  the  name  of  the  paper  to 

BANGOR  REGISTER. 

Mr.  Burton  continued  to  publish  it  alone  until  January  4, 1826, 
when  he  associated  with  himself  John  S.  Carter  in  its  publication. 
That  was  the  day  when  lotteries  were  favored  in  Maine ;  and,  by 
uniting  the  sale  of  lottery  tickets  with  the  printing  business,  these 
gentlemen  kept  the  Register  at  work.  The  paper  advocated  the 
National  Republican  cause,  and  the  election  of  John  Quincy  Adams 
to  the  Presidency  of  the  United  States.  It  was  discontinued 
August  2,  1831,  and  was  succeeded  by  the  Penobscot  Journal. 

Among  the  principal  contributors  to  the  Register,  from  time 
to  time  during  its  existence,  were  Samuel  E.  Dutton,  Jacob 
McGaw,  William  D.  Williamson,  Jedediah  Herrick,  John  Godfrey, 
Martin  Kinsley,  Enoch  Brown,  John  Bennoch,  Allen  Oilman, 
Edward  Kent,  Joseph  Whipple,  (who  commenced  his  History  of 
Acadia  in  the  Register),  Samuel  Call,  Rev.  Harvey  Loomis, 
Henry  Call,  Thomas  A.  Hill,  and  many  other  prominent  men  of 
Bangor  and  the  neighborhood.  Mr.  Samuel  Call  was  understood 
to  be  the  editor  of  the  Register,  at  times.  He  was  a  cynical  gen- 
tleman of  considerable  sharpness  of  intellect,  and  a  caucus  speaker 
of  some  ability.  Mr.  Kent,  too,  had  the  reputation  of  being  its 
editor  in  its  later  years ;  but  this  was  denied  by  the  Register,  al- 
though he  wrote  many  able  articles  for  it. 

From  some  cause,  there  was  dissatisfaction  with  the  Register 
among  a  portion  of  the  citizens  of  Bangor,  and  they  raised  a  fund 
for  the  establishment  of  another  journal.  This  was  commenced 
in  1824,  under  the  charge  of  Ezra  S.  Brewster  as  publisher,  and 
was  styled 

PENOBSCOT  GAZETTE. 

It  was  a  weekly  paper,  edited  by  Daniel  Pike,  a  promi- 
nent gentleman  among  the  Orthodox:  Congregationalists.  Mr. 
Pike  was  a  grave  man,  a  pure  man,  a  religious  man,  a  sensible 
man.  The  Register  styled  him  a  "demure"  editoi-.  The  Gazette 
was  respectably  conducted,  but  was  a  great  annoyance  to  the 

Register.     In  a  notice  by  the  Register  of  several  new  journals, 
17 


T;;  )  Til  I.    \  i:  WTS    PRESS  01     MUM. 

on  August  •">.  \^-\.  i-  the  following  reference  to  the  Gazette:— — 
uBu1  as  this  paper  is  onr  rival,  and  :i  competitor,  we  have  too 
much  feeling  and  too  great  an  interest  to  pass  ii  over  slightly  at 
tin-  end  <>t"  :i  paragraph ;  and  ae  we  are  just  now  deficient  in  time 
and  space,  we  must  defer  m  further  notice  of  it  to  a  future  oppor- 
tunity." The  opportunity,  however,  did  n. >t  occur  until  the  1  l'h 
of  February,  1827,  (which  was  clearly  a  joyous  day  for  the  pub- 
lisher), when  the  Register  had  the  satisfaction  of  announcing  the 
demise  of  the  Gazette  "of  an  atrophy"  and  gave  it  this  parting 

salute  —  '-She  was    a    weakly    child,  of  about    tWO  year-    old,  of  :i 

very  good  disposition,  being  much  attache. 1  to  schools,  conferences, 
missionary  societies,  etc.  I'»ut.  though  well  disposed,  Bhe  had 
many  errors,  and  sometimes  spoke  so  thick  as  to  be  unintelligible. 
Candor,  however,  induces  as  to  say,  that  her  faults  were  more 
from  carelessness  and  from  want  of  capacity  than  from  any  evD 
intention."    The  Gazette  was  succeeded  by  the 

r  \-  li  i:\  i;i:i  i  BL1CAN 

This  paper  was  edited  by  Nathaniel  ETaynes,  a  gentleman  of 
culture  and  literaiv  The  Register  styled  him  "Attorney  at 

Law,  late  of  Orono."  He  possessed  a  different  temper  from  that 
of  the  editor  of  the  Gazette, and  stirred  up  the  bile  of  Mr.  James 
Burton,  jr.,  of  the  [Register,  wonderfully,  who  took  delighl  in  call- 
ing ii  the  u Genuine."  Alter  a  few  issues,  Mr.  Burton's  delight 
assumed  a  dismal  cast,  for  he  felt  constrained  to  "move  on  the 
works"  of  his  adversary  in  1 1  > i  —  style:  "  False  charges,  malicious 
innuendoes,  misrepresentations  and  circumstances  with  which  we 
have  oot  the  Blightesl  connexion,  have  been  broughl  in  requisition 
against  us;  -in  no  instance  where  his  evil  genius  could  conceive 
he  might  injure  our  feelings  or  reputation  has  he  neglected  the  at- 
tempt."'  The  Republican  was  alive  at  the  time  of  the  demise  of 
the  Register,  which  journal  in  its  valedictor)  gave  its  editor  the 
following  expiring  kick—  "  Perchance,  too,  we  have  at  tim<  -  felt 
more  pit}  than  indignation  at  the  pun)  and  spiteful  and  ■ 
in rjly  ii"i.  .-/■;,■/.<  of  the  young  man,  and  have  made  many  apolo- 
for  him  similar  to  his  (.wn  for  his  ''mistake' in  advocating 
duelling      that   he  is,  constitutionally,  altogether  n  mistake,  and 


PEiNOBSCOT   COUNTY.  l;ft 

laboring  under  the  influence  of  that  malady  that  never  permits 
him  to  be  on  the  right  side,  or  to  feel  at  all  amiable  toward  his 
species.  In  sober  truth,  Ave  have  felt  mort  pity  than  anger,  and 
more  contempt  than  either." 

Mr.  Haynes  continued  in  charge  of  the  Republican  as  long  as 
his  health  would  permit.  On  his  resigning  his  position,  his  brother, 
Isaac  C.  Haynes,  who  had  been  in  the  office  with  him,  succeeded 
.him,  and  continued  to  control  the  columns  of  the  Republican  un- 
til December,  1837,  when  he  sold  the  establishment  to  Gen.  Samuel 
Veazie  and  others. 

The  Republican  was  a  vigorous  supporter  of  Andrew  Jackson 
for  the  Presidency  of  the  United  States,  and  sustained  the  Dem- 
ocratic party  in  all  its  measures,  until  its  sale  to  Veazie  and  Co., 
when  it  was  conducted  in  the  interest  of  the  '  Conservatives,'  a  fac- 
tion of  the  Democratic  party  who  were  opposed  to  President 
Jackson's  measures  in  relation  to  the  United  States  Bank.  It  was 
understood  to  be  under  the  editorial  control  of  John  Hodgdon 
until  its  final  suspension  in  November,  1838,  when  its  subscription 
list  was  transferred  to  the  Frankfort  Intelligencer.  Mr.  Hodgdon 
returned  to  his  allegiance  to  the  Democratic  party,  and  afterward 
removed  to  Dubuque,  Iowa,  where  he  now  resides. 

THE  CLARION. 

This  was  a  small  quarto  literary  paper,  established  May  3, 
1828,  by  Gilman  Merrill,  and  published  from  the  office  of  the 
Bangor  Register.  It  was  at  first  edited  by  Charles  Gilman,  son 
of  Hon.  Allen  Gilman,  first  Mayor  of  Bangor.  After  a  time  the 
Clarion  was  enlarged  from  a  sheet  of  four  pages  to  one  of  eight 
pages,  and  was  edited  by  B.  B.  Thatcher,  the  poet,  conjointly  with 
Mr.  Gilman.  These  editors  were  liberally  educated,  and  law- 
yers. The  Clarion  was  very  creditably  edited  by  them.  They 
were  both  young  men  when  they  left  the  paper.  Mr.  Gilman  was 
afterward  Law-reporter  in  Quincy,  Illinois,  where  he  died.  Mr. 
Thatcher  obtained  distinction  as  an  author  in  Massachusetts, 
where  he  died. 


L32 


Til  r.    N  EWS    PR  ESS  OJ     M  \  I  N  I.. 


T      B         ■  1 1    jister  was  Buccee  led  by  the 

PENOBSl  OT  JOl  KN  M.. 

This  paper  was  « -  - 1  i  t  *  - « 1  l>_\  the  late  lamented  Phinehas  Barnes, 
Esq.,  who  bad  a  short  time  previous  to  its  establishment  gradu- 
ated  from  College.  It  was,  as  may  be  supposed,  ably  conducted. 
It  advocated  the  cause  of  the  National  Republican  part}  from 
August,  1831,  for  aboul  two  years. 

In  l^j:;  the  Whig  party  was  organized,  and  on  September  22, 
l-:;:;.  the 

BANGOR  (id  RIER 

Was  established  as  an  exponenl  of  its  principles,  by  William  B. 
P.  Rogers.  Ajb  a  partisan  paper  it  was  the  lineal  descendant  of 
the  Penobscol  Journal.  It  came  under  the  editorial  supervision 
of  Samuel  Upton — a  former  unsuccessful  merchanl  in  Castinc — 
and  lii-  son,  Horace  Upton.  It  was  edited  with  considerable  vigor 
and  ability.  On  Jul}  1.  L834,  Mr.  Rogers  established  in  connec- 
tion with  the  Courier  a  daily  paper,  styled  the  Bangob  Daily 
W'hii;.    On  Dec  20,  L834,  the  name  was  changed  to 

BANGOB  DA1L1    Vt  H1G    Wl>  (  i  >i  EUER. 

This  name  it  has  borne  until  dow,  and  bids  lair  ti>  bear  for  a 
long  time  to  come.  It  continued  under  the  same  proprietor  and 
editor  until  Sept.  21,  I  835,  al  which  time  the  junior  editor  retired, 
because  of  failing  eye-sight,  and  Mr.  Rogers  disposed  of  the  estab- 
lishmenl  to  Gamaliel  Marchanl  and  Jacob  A.  Smith.  Samuel 
Upton  continued  to  edit  the  paper  for  a  time,  but  at  length  re- 
tired, leaving  the  editorial  labor  in  the  hands  of  Mr.  Marchant, 
w  I Lanaged  it  creditably  until  lii-  health  failed.  His  Iuhl:-  be- 
ing affected,  in  tin-  fall  of  \^-'>~  he  made  a  voyage  t-i  tin-  W<  I 
[ndies  for  relief  bul  on  lii-  return,  in  May,  1838,  he  concluded  t'» 
ili>|M.-.,-  of  his  interesl  in  tin-  paper,  and,  on  June  8,  sold  it  to 
.lulin  Edwards  of  Portland.  The  paper  was  carried  on  bj 
Kdwjirds  and  Smith  until  A.ug.  2,  1841,  when  Mr.  Edwards  trans- 
ferred his  interest  to  John  S.  Sayward,  then  late  of  the  Mechanic 
and  Fanner.  The  paper  was  in  the  hands  of  Smitli  and  Sayward 
until  M  y,  185-1  nearl)  thirteen  years,  Mr.  Sayward  had  special 
charge  of  the  editorial  department,  and  Mr.  Smith  of  the  print- 


PENOBSCOT    COUNTY.  I33 

ing.  The  paper  was  ably  and  successfully  managed  by  these  gen- 
tlemen. On  the  first  day  of  May,  1854,  they  sold  the  establish- 
ment to  William  II.  Wheeler  and  John  H.  Lynde.  Mr.  Wheeler 
had  recently  been  connected  with  the  editorial  department  of  the 
Kennebec  Journal.  In  introducing  these  gentlemen,  Mr.  Sayward 
said  of  Mr.  Wheeler,  that  through  him  "  the  political,  social,  in- 
tellectual and  moral  welfare  of  the  people  would  be  promoted ; " 
and  of  Mr.  Lynde,  that  he  "  possessed  energy,  skill  and  business 
habits."  The  result  has  shown  that  Mr.  Sayward  was  not  in  er- 
ror. Mr.  Wheeler's  management  of  the  editorial  department  of 
the  paper  confirmed  his  opinion  of  liim ;  and  that  Mr.  Lynde  has 
conducted  the  financial  affairs  of  the  establishment  with  skill, 
energy  and  success,  there  can  be  no  question. 

Mr.  Wheeler  continued  his  connection  with  the  paper  until 
November,  1868,  when  he  disposed  of  his  interest  to  Mr.  Lynde, 
and  removed  to  Boston,  where  he  died.*    Mr.  Lynde  has  since 

*  William  H.  Wheeler  died  in  Boston,  March  9,  1871.  He  was  born  in 
Worcester,  Mass.,  February  13,  1817,  but  the  largest  part  of  his  life  was  spent 
in  Augusta.  He  served  a  long  and  faithful  apprenticeship  as  a  printer  in  the  office  of 
the  Kennebec  Journal  ;  continued  his  connection  with  the  office  for  many  years  as 
journeyman,  and  became  one  of  the  proprietors  in  1850,  when  Luther  Severance, 
whom  he  succeeded  as  editor,  retired  from  the  paper  to  accept  the  mission  to  the  Sand- 
wich Islands.  In  June,  1853,  Mr.  W.  sold  his  interest  in  the  property  to  his  partner, 
Wm.  H.  Simpson,  but  remained  as  editor  until  1854,  when  he  went  into  business  in 
Bangor  as  partner  of  John  H.  Lynde,  in  the  publication  of  the  Daily  Whig  and  Couri- 
er. Of  this  paper  he  was  editor  and  joint  proprietor  from  1854,  until  the  autumn  of 
1868,  when  he  sold  his  interest  to  Mr.  Lynde,  and  removed  to  Boston,  where  until  re- 
cently he  was  employed  as  one  of  the  editors  of  the  New  England  Farmer.  He  left  a 
wife  and  four  children  —  two  sons  and  two  daughters. 

The  Boston  Journal  speaks  of  Mr.  Wheeler's  character  as  a  journalist  as  follows  : 
"  He  displayed  marked  ability  as  a  political  writer,  and  gave  promise  of  attaining  to 
the  highest  rank  in  his  profession  —  a  promise  ill  health  alone  prevented  the  complete 
fulfilment  of.  However,  he  held  for  a  long  time  the  strongest  pen  in  the  State  of  his 
nativity,  and  has  left  a  record  in  journalism  of  which  his  family  and  many  friends  have 
a  right  to  feel  proud.  His  views  with  regard  to  the  duties  and  obligations  of  journal- 
ism were  pure  and  lofty,  and  were  thoroughly  carried  out  in  the  newspapers  over 
which  he  exercised  control.  Thoroughly  conscientious,  yet  unobtrusive  ;  gentle  and 
amiable  at  all  times,  upright  in  his  walk  and  catholic  in  thought,  he  had  many  friends 
who  will  hear  of  his  demise  with  deep  regret.  He  was  modest  and  retiring  to  a  fault ; 
otherwise  he  might  have  held  high  official  position.  Devoted  to  his  profession,  he 
sought  no  honors  outside  of  it." 


l:;i 


T1IK  N  r.  WS  PRESS  01    M  \l  \  I'.. 


carried  on  the  establishment  in  hi-  own  name.  The  paper  baa 
been  under  tin-  editorial  managemenl  of|  first,  Joseph  W.  Bartlett, 
(principal),  and  -I.  Swetl  Rowe,  (local)  editors,  and  now  "t'  ('apt. 
('.  A.  Boutelle,  (principal),  and  Edwin  A.  Perry  and  Alfred  8. 
Meigs,  (assistanl  local  |  editors. 

The  Whig  and  Courier  was  an  earnesl  supporter  of  the  Whig 
party  during  its  existence,  and  has  been  an  unflinching  advocate 
of  the  principles  of  tin-  Republican  party  since  the  Whig  party 
was  dissolved.  It  now  stands  among  the  ablesl  papers  in  the 
State ;  ii<  business  has  Bteadily  increased  from  the  commencement) 

and  it  may  well  lie  called  a  BUCCeSB.  When  M-  SSrS.  Smith  and  Say- 
ward  Nil  it.  .Mr.  Sayward  went  into  the  Kennebec  Journal,  and 
has  since  Ict't  that  paper  with  a  competency,  and  is  enjoying  his 
otiivm  '•"in  </i://iif<rt>  upon  hi-  farm  in  Boxford,  .Ma--.  Mr.  Smith 
i^  enjoying  his  in  an  eleganl  residence  upon  u Thomas's-Hm,"  in 
Bangor. 

When  the  Anti-Masonic  party  deemed  itself  of  suificienl  im- 
portance t"  organize  politically,  it-  leaders  thoughl  it  expedient  to 
establish  an  organ  in  Bangor;  and  Anson  Herrick  removed  thith- 
er from  Ballowell  —  where  he  had  been  associated  with  Richard 
D.Rice  (afterward  Judge  Rice  of  the  S.  J.  Court)  in  printing  a 
paper  —  tin-  the  purpose.  On  the  seventh  daj  <>t'  August,  1884,  he 
published  the  firsl  number  of the 

PENOBSCOT    FREEM  w 

This  paper  was  under  the  editorial  charge  of  Asa  Walker,  a 
|M>li-hed  and  vigorous  writer.  We  believe  it  survived  its  party, 
hut  was  nut  long-lived.  Sir.  Herrick's  enterprising  disposition 
prompted  him  to  greater  things  than  the  publishing  "t'  a  weekly 
Anti-Masonic  journal,  and  in  August,  1885,  he  oommenoed  the 
publication  of  a  -mall  daily  paper,  styled  the 

lt\ii  \   i  OMMERCl  \i     \i'\  ERTIS1  R 

This  was  a  lively  uon-partisan  journal,  and  Mr.  Herrick  made 
it  quite  taking  for  Beveral  months,  until,  in  consequence  of  an  un- 
fortunate non-financial  operation,  lie  suddenly  (in  May,  1836) 
came  to  the  conclusion,  that  New  fork  ideas  would  be  more  fa- 
vorable to  hi-  Buocess  than  those  of  Bangor,  and  removed  to  that 


PENOBSCOT  COUNTY.  135 

city,  where  he  established  the  Sunday  Atlas.  He  was  right  in  his 
conclusion.  He  was  made  an  Alderman,  and  a  Member  of  Con- 
gress (as  his  father,  Ebenezer  Herrick,  had  been  before  him)  in 
New  York,  and  when  he  died,  a  few  years  since,  he  left  a  fortune 
(we  believe)  and  the  Atlas  in  the  full  tide  of  prosperity.  But 
notwithstanding  Mr.  Herrick  left  Bangor,  the  Advertiser  went  on. 
It  fell  into  the  editorial  hands  of  John  W.  Frost,  a  young  lawyer, 
who  manipulated  its  enunciation  with  much  bravery  until  Dec, 
1836,  when  it  was  absorbed  by  the 

PEOPLES'  PRESS. 
This  was  a  daily  and  weekly  democratic  paper  of  a  peculiar 
stamp,  established  by  Thomas  Bartlett,  jr.,  March  12,  1836. 
The  paper  was  edited  with  some  smartness  for  something 
more  than  two  years.  We  believe  it  was  suspended  in  Novem- 
ber, 1838. 

On  Feb.  6,  1835,  an  association  of  gentlemen  having  at  heart 
the  welfare  of  the  artisans  and  agriculturists,  established  a  weekly 
journal,  under  the  style  of  the 

MECHANIC  AND  FARMER. 
This  association  was  composed  of  John  Brown  and  Co.  They 
employed  John  S.  Sayward  as  its  editor.  In  his  Introductory,  the 
editor  announced  it  to  be  his  intention  "  to  assist  and  cheer  man- 
kind in  the  various  duties  of  the  workshop,  the  field  and  the  do- 
mestic circle ;  to  urge  forward  correct  feelings  and  action  among 
the  practical  working-men  of  the  country."  The  Mechanic  and 
Farmer  was  an  interesting  and  useful  journal,  and  was  in  exis- 
tence four  years.  Its  last  number  was  published  Feb.  21,  1839. 
Its  publishers  were  successively,  Cobb  and  Merrill,  Charles  Cobb, 
Benj.  A.  Burr  and  Win.  E.  P.  Rogers.  In  June,  1835,  John  S. 
Carter  commenced  a  monthly  publication,  the 

EASTERN    MAGAZINE. 

This  was  edited  by  Mrs.  M.  P.  Carter,  (the  wife  of  the  publish- 
er), who  was  a  poet,  and  a  writer  of  much  merit.  She  continued 
in  the  editorial  chair,  until  failing  health  compelled  her  to  leave  it, 
in  December,  1835,  when  she  was  succeeded  by  Charles  Gilman. 


[36  T"  E   N  EWS   PRESS  01    M  \  I  N  E. 

Si]    Oilman  continued  in  it  during  the  remainder  of  the  year,  af- 
ter which  he  edited  it  as  the 

M  mm.  MONTHLY  M  kGAZINE. 

This  periodica]  was  published  by  John  8.  Carter.     Both  t] 
publications  were  handsomely  printed,  and  obtained  considerable 
reputation  for  their  literary  merit.    The  patronage  extended  t>> 
them  was  doI  sufficienl  to  keep  them  in  existence. 

In  January,  1836,  Mr.  Cuter  established  a  pleasanl  weekly, 

THE     BANGOREAN. 

This  was  edited  by  Mr.  Gilman  also.  It  was  handsomely 
printed,  and  edited  with  ability.  It  was  not,  however,  a  political 
paper,  and  there  being  do  powerful  company  behind  to  sustain  it, 
it-  fortunes  were  united  with  those  of  the  Mechanic  and  Parmer 
in  October,  L886. 

In  1^:17  Rev.  Thomas  Curtis,  a  Baptist  clergyman  of  much 
learning  and  ability,  came  to  Bangor  from  England  and  conceived 
the  projed  of  putting  before  the  public  a  literary  ami  religious  pa- 
per worthy  of  the  Bupport  of  an  intelligent   community.     It  was 

ondersl 1,  thai   Professor  Leonard  Woods  (afterward  President 

\Y la  of  Bowdoin  College)  was  to  assist    in  the  editorship.     A 

respectable  subscription  was  raised,  and  the  resull  was  the 

BANGOR  .ii 'i  B  \  \i 

The  first  numberwas  issued  June  I,  lv-7.  The  paper  was 
continued  just  one  year.  It  was  printed  b)  Samuel  S.  Smith.  It 
dited  by  Mr.  Curtis  and  bis  son.  It  was  a  handsome  paper 
in  quarto  form,  and  contained  eighl  pages  of  reading  matter.  Al- 
though the  articles  were  well  written,  yet  they  were  cot  to  the 
popular  taste,  and  the  subscriptions  were  aot  renewed. 

\     the  Democrats  were  a  live  party  in   Penobscot,  and  pro- 
I  to  have  Bome  political  light,  the)  Ti'l  m>t  choose  to  have 
that   light   bid  under  a  bushel  long  at  a  time,  therefore  when  the 
Eastern  Republican  Tell  into  what  they  oonoeived  t"  he  Conserv- 
ative darkness,  man]  of  them  "pooled"  in  ten  dollars  apiece,  and 


PENOBSCOT   COUNTY.  137 

on  the  fifteenth  day  of  February,  1836,  started  on  its  long  and 
eventful  career,  the 

BANGOR  DEMOCRAT. 

William  R.  Smith,  and,  we  believe  for  a  time,  William  T. 
Johnson,  were  its  publishers.  It  at  length  came  under  the  edito- 
rial charge  of  Isaac  C.  Haynes,  formerly  of  the  Republican,  who 
was  its  editor  for  many  years.  Although  strongly  partisan,  yet 
Mr.  Haynes'  editorials  were  usually  dignified,  quite  free  of  person- 
alities, and  perhaps  as  temperate  and  little  objectionable  as  parti- 
san editorials  coidd  well  be.  On  Nov.  22,  1838,  the  publication 
of  the  Democrat  passed  into  the  hands  of  John  Pray  and  William 
Thompson.  Mr.  Thompson,  at  length,  became  the  sole  publisher, 
and  so  continued  during  Mr.  Haynes's  connection  with  it,  until 
August  3,  1857. 

Marcellus  Emery,  a  graduate  of  Bowdoin  College,  a  lawyer, 
and  a  gentleman  of  ability,  succeeded  Mr.  Haynes  as  editor  of  the 
Democrat.  He  for  a  time  published  in  connection  with  the 
Democrat  a  daily  paper,  the 

BANGOR  DAILY  UNION. 

This  paper  took  strong  ground  against  the  Republican  party,  Pres. 
Lincoln,  and  the  war  for  the  suppression  of  the  rebellion ;  and  it 
was  thought  by  the  enemies  of  the  rebellion  that  the  editorials 
were  rank  with  treason,  and  almost  every  issue  provoked  denun- 
ciation and  threats  against  the  editor.  Hon.  Isaiah  Stetson  was 
then  mayor,  and  so  open  and  violent  were  these  threats,  at  last, 
that  his  attention  was  called  to  the  excitement,  and  he  was  very 
anxious  to  j^revent  an  outbreak.  But  no  vigilance  of  Ms  could 
provide  against  the  cool  determination  of  a  community  that  felt 
itself  outraged  by  what  they  conceived  to  be  attacks  upon  the 
principles  which  they  had  been  educated  to  believe  sacred,  and 
stabs  at  the  heart  of  their  country.  On  the  12th  of  Aug.,  1861, 
while  Mr.  Emery  and  his  assistants  were  at  their  dinner,  the  mob 
quietly  entered  his  office  and  shied  his  presses,  paper,  types,  cases, 

and  apparatus  of  all  sorts,  from  his  fourth  story  windows  into  the 
18 


'I'll  E  NEWS  3S  01     M  A  I  \  E. 


street,  and  afterward    piled   them    up  in  the   market-place  and 
burned  them;  and,  when  he  appeared  to  remonstrate  against  this 
unexpected  disposition  of  his  property,  the  indignation  against 
him  was  bo  great  that  it  was  with  difficulty  la-  was  prot< 
from  violence. 

Bui  Mi-.  Emery  was  nol  t"  be  suppressed,  Alter  the  lapse 
of  nearrj  :i  year  and  a  half,  w  hen  the  public  irritation  had  \><  some 
extent  subsided,  he  made  an  appeal  t<»  hi-  democratic  friends  in 
the  State,  and  was  enabled  t"  resuscitate  the  Democrat  in  .Ian., 
1863.  This  paper  is  -till  in  existence,  under  hi-  charge,  and  is 
the  democratic  organ  of  Penobscot  county. 

After  the  war  was  closed,  Mr.  Emery,  counting  either  upon 
the  imperfecl  memory  or  forgiving  disposition  <>\'  the  people, 
Boughl  t..  recover  the  value  of  his  destroyed  property,  by  a  suit, 
in  Waldo  county,  against  certain  individuals  for  trespass.  These 
individuals,  however,  determined  that  a  jury  of  Waldo  county 
should  render  ii"  verdict  without  a  lull  understanding  of  Mr. 
Emery,  ami  of  the  disloyal  utterances  of  hi-  journal  and  <>\'  the 
greal  injury  they  were  doing  to  the  cause  of  the  country  at  the 
time  "f  it-  suppression.  And, in  a  protracted  trial,  they  produced 
such  testimony  t>>  the  jury,  (a  portion  of  whom  were  democrats), 
that  they  returned  a  \.  rdid  that  .Mr.  Emery's  paper  was  a  "pub- 
lic nuisance,'1  —  but  giving  some  damages  against  two  of  the  de- 
fendants, Tabor  and  Hopkins,  who  hail  made  themselves  conspic- 
uous in  the  mob,  though,  unfortunately  for  Mi'.  Emery, the]  were 
poor  men,  and  nol  able  to  respond,  and  were  quite  jndififerenl  in 
regard  t"  the  result  of  the  Buit  They  had  both  been  t<>  the  war 
and  done  something  for  their  country, and, as  Mr.  Emery  had  the 
privilege  of  living  in  it  without  contributing  anything  voluntarily 
for  it-  salvation,  they  were  quite  willing  In-  involuntary  contri- 
bution should  stand.  The  other  defendants  in  the  -nit  win  de- 
clared n<>t  guilt)  ;  but  a  new  trial  was  granted,  which  ha-  nol  yel 
been  had. 

It  i-  Inn  justice  t"  Mr.  KineiN  t"  say,  that  on  the  night  "I  the 
arrival  of  the  new-  of  Lee's  surrender,  after  being  informed  ofit, 
and  prompted  b)  some  enthusiastic  war  people,  he  hit  his  bed  in 


P  E  NOBSCOT    C  O  U  N  T  Y.  1  g§ 

rhaste,  and  taking  his  stand  upon  the  balcony  of  his  hotel,  pro- 
claimed that  he  was  a  friend  of  the  Union,  and  waved  the  stars 
and  stripes  in  a  manner  indicating,  to  the  spectators  in  the  streets, 
that  he  loved  the  flag. 

The  Democrat  has  now  the  support  or  countenance  of  such 
prominent  democrats  as  Maj.  General  James  H.  Butler,  Chairman 
of  the  State  Democratic  Committee,  Ex-Surveyor-General  Gorham 
L.  Boynton,  Abrahain  Sanborn,  Wm.  H.  McCrillis,  James  F. 
Rawson,  Amos  M.  Roberts,  Hastings  Strickland,  Isaac  W.  Patten, 
Joseph  Chase,  James  Tobin,  and  Abner  Knowles,  Esquires; 
General  Chas.  W.  Roberts,  Drs.  Geo.  W,  Ladd  and  C.  A.  Jordan, 
("Faust"),  Hon.  George  P.  Sewall,  Benjamin  Swett,  Joshua  W. 
Carr,  Wm.  T.  Hilliard,  John  Varney,  and  Simpson  Rollins, 
Esquires. 

In  the  year  1842,  the  anti-slavery  men  of  Bangor,  having  the 
year  before  organized  a  branch  of  the  party  known  as  the  Liberty 
Party,  felt  the  necessity  of  an  organ,  and  on  April  30,  1842,  sent 
forth  the  first  number  of  the 

BANGOR  GAZETTE. 

This  was  a  weekly  paper.  Its  publisher,  John  Burrill ;  editor, 
John  E.  Godfrey.  It  was  continued  for  a  year  as  a  weekly ;  after 
this,  its  publisher  thinking  the  encouragement  sufficient  to  war- 
rant it,  issued  a  daily  sheet.  The  design  of  the  proprietors  was  to 
put  before  the  people  facts  in  regard  to  American  Slavery,  and  to 
impress  upon  them  the  idea  that,  as  that  was  a  political  institution, 
it  was  by  pohtical  appliances  that  it  must  be  abolished.  That 
i  constituted  as  they  were,  it  was  impossible  for  either  the  Whig  or 
the  Democratic  party  to  take  action  against  it  and  maintain  its 
integrity;  therefore,  that  the  only  practicable  way  of  operating 
against  the  institution,  politically,  was  by  voting  squarely  against 
it.  The  effect  of  the  argument  was  soon  felt,  and  both  the  great 
parties  were  driven  to  concede,  by  resolves  and  editorial  utter- 
ances, that  political  action  was  necessary,  but  their  organs  insisted 
that  the  action  must  be  through  the  tAVO  great  parties.  As  the 
.people  preferred  to  remain  with  their  old  parties  so  long  as  there 
was  the  least  hope  of  accomplishing  anything  through  them,  ac- 


L40 


'I'll  F.    NEWS    PRESS   "|     M  \  I  \  K. 


i>  to  the  Liberty  party  were  gradual.  In  a  vote  of  the  city, 
the  largest  ever  obtained  by  tin-  Liberty  party  was  between  three 
hundred  and  tour  hundred,  in  an  entire  vote  of  the  citizens  ofbe- 
tween  two  thousand  and  three  thousand.  But  the  anti-slavery 
gentimenl  was  strengthened  throughout  the  community  t<>  :i 
very  much  greater  extent  than  tin-  vote  of  the  Liberty  party  indi- 
cated.  'I'll at  vote,  howe^  er,and  the  agitation  it  occasioned,  ami  the 
information  promulgated  bj  it-  journals,  accomplished  tin-  end 
Boughl  for  much  earlier  than  its  friends  expected.  The  Gazette 
performed  it-  share  <>t  the  tabor.  It  was  continued  several 
years.  In  about  tun  years  after  it-  establishment, Mr.  BurrOl 
disposed  of  hi-  interest,  ami  was  succeeded  by  George  W.  Light 
a-  publisher.  -Mr.  Light  was  succeeded  by  Seward  1*.  Moore. 
Mr.  Godfrey,  altera  time,  relinquished  tli«'  editorial  chair, ami  was 
succeeded  by  Asa  Walker.  When  the  Free-Soil  party  came  into 
existence,  in  which  the  Liberty  party  was  merged,  Mr.  Walker 
changed  the  name  of  the  Gazette  t<» 

THE  PLAT!  ORM, 
Under  u  bich  name  it  was  published,  bj  Francis  Shepherd  and  Son, 
during  the  Free-Soil  campaign  in  which  Mi-.  Van  Buren  was  can- 
didate nt'  that  party  for  the  Presidency. 

The  prominenl  supporters  of  the  Gazette  during  it-  existence, 
were  Adams  II.  Merrill,  Charles  A.  Stackpole,  Jones  1'.  Veasie, 
George  A.  Thatcher,  James  Alien,  Asa  Davis,  Nathan  B.  Wiggin, 
Albert  <J.  Wakefield,  Llewellyn  .1.  Morse,  Joseph  ('.  White, 
Albert  Titcomb,  Elijah  Low,  Charles  Rummer,  Joel  Hill-,  Joseph 
I*'..  Littlefield,  John  S.  Kimball,  Timothj  ( Irosby, John  S.Johnston, 
Theodore  S.  Brown,  Benr)  B.  Farnham,  Elenrj  Gale,  Charles 
Godfrey,  Alexander  Drummond,  Joseph  Brown,  and  other-. 

During  Mr.  Godfrey's  connection  with  the  Gazette,  he  collected 
the  principal  anti-slaverj  article-  of  that  paper,  and  Mr.  Burrill 
published  them  in  a  monthly  journal  called 

Till    EXPOSITOR 
Tin-  paper  was  in  a  quarto  form,  was  furnished  at  a  low  price, 
and  Icnl  quite  an  extensive  circulation.      The  articles  were  tem- 


PENOBSCOT  COUNTY.  141 

perate,  judicious,  and  free  from  bitterness,  and  produced  a  good 
effect. 

The  history  of  the  Free-soil  party  is  not  forgotten.  It  was  the 
offspring  of  the  Liberty  party,  as  the  Republican  party  was  the 
offspring  of  the  Free-soil  party,  before  which  the  once  glorious 
Whig  party  vanished  like  chaff  before  the  wind,  and  the  great  Dem- 
ocratic ^>arty  fell  prone  to  struggle  for  long  years  against  a  desti- 
ny which,  in  the  days  of  Andrew  Jackson,  no  one  could  have 
dreamed  awaited  it,  to  wit  —  annihilation. 

BANGOR  POST. 

This  was  a  racy  paper,  established  sometime  before  the  year 
1850,  by  Thomas  Bai-tlett,  formerly  of  the  People's  Press,  to 
amuse  the  community  and  support  himself.  It  was  a  jolly,  read- 
able paper,  and  "  took  "  while  it  was  taken ;  but,  unfortunately  for 
want  of  material  aid,  it  was  not  taken  long. 

Mr.  Bartlett  had  a  brother,  a  printer  by  trade,  a  witty  and  en- 
terprising person,  a  victim  of  the  cacoethes  scribendi,  who  started 
a  paper  in  the  year  1844,  to  amuse,  edify  and  provoke  the  com- 
munity. It  was  not  particular  what  it  said  or  whom  it  placed 
blushing  before  the  public  gaze,  provided  its  treasury  derived  ben- 
efit froin  it.     It  bore  the  name  of 

BANGOR  DAILY  MERCURY 

It  was  the  mouthpiece  of  all  the  wags,  all  the  croakers,  all  the 
grumblers,  all  the  envious,  and  all  the  jolly  and  dissatisfied  per- 
sons who  chose  to  send  it  then  contributions.  It  was  much 
dreaded  by  timid  persons,  but  sometimes  it  stirred  up  the  risibili- 
ties of  the  people  wonderfully.  It  started  the  Antiquarian  bur- 
lesque, which  kept  the  community  in  a  state  of  merry  fermenta- 
tion for  weeks.  Those  who  recollect  the  excursion  of  the 
Mercury's  antiquarians  down  the  Penobscot  river,  then  marvel- 
lous adventures  with  Aboljacknegus,  Porkunsis  and  the  Baskahe- 
gan  giant  —  whiskey,  —  will  not  recall  them  without  being  inclined 
to  renew  their  cachinnation  of  those  merry  times. 

But  it  was  at  last  with  the  Mercury  as  it  is  with  all  similar 
guerilla  journals;  after  the  people  had  been  pretty  generally  lam- 
pooned, they  lost  their  relish  for  that  kind  of  amusement,  and  be- 


1  12 


T  II  i.    \  EW  S  PRESS  01    M  \  I  \  i: 


gas  to  withhold  their  patronage.  The  consequence  of  tlii-  was 
thai  .Mr.  Bartletl  relinquished  the  editorship, saying,  in  his  valedic- 
tory, that  he  had  put  nothing  into  the  concern,  and  he  1  *  - 1\  it^  cap- 
ital onimpaired.  In  I860,  the  establishment  passed  into  the  hands 
of  several  \\"  1 1  i  -_r  gentlemen,  who  greatly  enlarged  it  and  placed  it 
under  the  charge  of  Samuel  P.  Dinsmore  and  Charli  -  P.  Roberta, 
two  young  lawyers  of  more  than  ordinary  editorial  :il4ii t  \ .  It 
was  conducted,  in  connection  with  a  weekly  issue,  in  the  inl 
of  the  Whig  party,  until  the  year  1854,  when  it  stopped.  The  es- 
tablishment went  into  the  hands  of  W.  E.  Hilton  and  C'< ».,  ami 
w.i-  converted  into  a  Straight-whig  paper,  and  called 

BANGOR  l>\ll.\    Jul  i;\  \i 

Mr.  Robertswas  sole  editor  of  this  paper  for  a  time.  At  length, 
Daniel  Sanborn  became  associated  with  him,  and  continued  asso- 
ciate editor  until  some  time  inline  its  discontinuance,  in  August, 
L857.  These  editors  used  very  Bharp-nibbed  pens,  and  Bet  the 
community  in  an  effervescence  aboul  three  prominent  Bfaine  Law 
advocates,  whom  thej  denominated,  M  Dow,  Peck,  and  Weaver," 
thai  'li'l  nol  subside  until  the  "Co.*  was  smashed,  and  W< 
.•it  least, in  regard  to  his  temperance  pretensions, put  hors  du  com- 
bat. After  the  discontinuance  of  the  Journal,  Adams  Treat  and 
others  purchased  Borne  part  of  the  establishment  and  connected  it 
with  the  Democrat  in  the  form  of  the  Bangor  Daily  (Tnion  here- 
tofore noticed.  Charles  P.  Roberts  was  associated  in  the  editor- 
ship during  the  first  months  of  ii^  existence;  then,  as  his  and  Mr. 
Emery's  eiews  <li'l  aot  accord,  be  gave  up  hi>  connection  with  it 
altogether. 

After  the  Free-Soil  campaign,  the  anti-slai  ery  elemenl  became 
so  strong  in  the  Democratic  party,  that  it  was  deemed  advisable  by 
certain  gentlemen  of  the  part)  t.i  establish  in  Bangor  a  journal 
thai  would  advocate  the  principles  of  Jeffersonian  Democracy 
cordingly, in  March  L849,  Joseph  Bartletl  and  Benjamin  A.  Burr 
established  a  weeklj  paper  bearing  the  title  of 

I  hi    .ii  l  l  I  RSONl  \V 

Mr.  Bartletl   had  Bpecial  charge  of  the  editorial  department, 
and  Mr.  Burr  of  the  printing.     In  his  Salutatory,  Mr.  Bartlettan- 


PENOBSCOT  COUNTY.  143 

nounced  that  the  Jeffersordan  would  "be  the  advocate  of  Demo- 
cratic principles,  and  would  support  the  Democratic  party  as  the 
exponent  of  these  principles,"  and  that  the  principles  of  Jefferson 
were  the  Democratic  principles.  During  his  whole  editorial 
career,  Mr.  Bartlett  undeviatingly  pursued  the  course  he  had  in 
the  outset  marked  out  for  himself.  He  was  influenced  by  neither 
threats,  promises  or  bribes  ;  and  he  was  subjected  to  such  of  these, 
at  times,  as  would  have  influenced  men  of  less  firmness.  But  they 
only  served  to  make  him  more  earnest,  if  possible,  in  the  expres- 
sion  of  the  views  he  had  adopted. 

It  is  needless  to  say,  that  after  the  Republican  party  was  organ- 
ized, the  Jeffersonian  recognized  its  principles  as  those  of  Jeffer- 
sonian Democracy,  and  ever  after  was  their  firm  and  consistent 
advocate.  It  supported  Gen.  Fremont,  Abraham  Lincoln,  and 
Gen.  Grant,  for  the  Presidency ;  and,  during  twenty  long  years, 
Mr.  Bartlett  gave  all  the  influence  of  his  ready  pen  in  favor  of  the 
right.  Oftentimes  in  advance  of  his  contemporaries  he  expressed 
opinions,  afterward  adopted,  with  a  positiveness  not  always  agree- 
able, though,  we  apprehend,  no  one  ever  doubted  his  sincerity. 
At  length,  however,  he  had  to  succumb  to  a  mightier  than  any 
political  foe.  Consumption  took  him  in  its  relentless  grasp,  and 
in  the  year  1870  he  laid  down  his  editorial  j:>en  never  to  resume 
it.  In  a  few  months  Mr.  Burr  transferred  the  subscription  list  of 
the  Jeffersonian  to  Mr.  Lynde  of  the  Whig  and  Courier. 

While  publishing  the  Jeffersonian,  in  the  second  year  of  the 
war  of  the  Rebellion,  Messrs.  Bartlett  and  Burr  commenced  the 
publication  of  a  daily  paper,  in  connection  with  the  weekly  Jeffer- 
sonian, called 

JEFFERSONIAN  DAILY  EVENING  NEWS. 

The  first  number  was  issued  June  28, 1862.  Before  much  pro- 
gress was  made  with  it,  the  publishers  found  themselves  disap- 
pointed in  regard  to  their  office  arrangements,  and  concluded  not 
to  proceed  with  the  enterprise  after  August  2,  1862. 

Mr.  William  Thompson,  who  had  been  the  publisher  of  the 
Democrat,  having  encouragement  that  a  daily  evening  journal 


1  i  i  Tin:   N  i.  WS   PR  ESS  OF   M  \  I  \K. 

would  be  supported  in  Bangor,  on  the  19th  of  June,  1858,  estab- 
lished the 

BANGOR  DAILY  E\  i:\iv;  TIMES. 

This  was  a  paper,  liberal  and  independent  in  politics,  except 
dnringthe  war,  <>t'  the  prosecution  of  which  to  a  successful  termi- 
nation it  was  an  ardent  advocate.  A- it  was  established  by  its 
publisher  for  hi-  own  emolument,  it  was  fortunate  for  him  that  his 
inclination  prompted  him  to  make  it  a  war  i>aj>cr,  for  it-  pa- 
tronage during  that  period  was  very  extensive,  it  being  always 
'm  possession  of  the  war  aews,  for  which  everybody  w 
op  to  the  hour  of  its  publication.  It  wasat  first  under  tin-  edi- 
torial charge  of  Charles  I'.  Roberts;  afterward  of  A.  C.  Brook, 
who  was  succeeded  by  William  K.  Stevens.  It  was  a  sprightly 
ami  agreeable  journal,  anil  was  will  sustained.  Mr.  Thompson, 
having  become  wearied  with  the  labor  of  newspaper  publication  — 
not  because  of  want  of  support — suspended  the  publication  of 
tin-  limes  on  Sept  10,  1867,  and  limited  his  business  to  job-print- 
ing, simply,  until  hi-  death,  in  1871. 

\;  a  period  when  spiritualism  was  producing  considerable  ex- 
citement, G< torge  W.  Brown  established  in  Bangor  a  journal  with 

the  title  Of 

THE  SPIRIT  <;i   \Kl-l  \\. 

This  was  not  a  long-lived  paper,  and  we  arc  not  aware  that  it 
exercised  any  influence  for  good  or  evXL 

s.  F. Whetmore  published  before  Is"'11  a  -mall  daily  paper 
called  the 

DAIL1     BEE. 

It  was  an  adventure  of  Mr.  \V.  ami  several  journeyman  print- 
nras  intended  to  be  conducted  to  take  the  popular  breeae, 
but  it  u  a-  short-ln  <■■!. 

Tin-  la-t  journal,  hut  one,  established  in  Bangor  up  to  the  pres- 
ent time,  of  which  we  have  any  knowledge,  is 
B1  ki;  -  I  ii  H   <  i  \T  IfONTEO  \ 
This  is  an  eight-page  quarto  paper  published  monthly  by  Ben- 
jamin A.  Burr.     It  i-  a  tastefully  printed  sheet,  ami  i-  lull  of  un- 
exceptionable ami  interesting,  miscellaneous  reading  tor  the  fami- 


PENOBSCOT  COUNTY.  145 

ly.  The  first  number  was  issued  in  April,  1870,  and  we  believe 
the  patronage  it  receives  will  justify  the  publisher  in  keeping  it 
in  existence  during  his  pleasure. 

There  have  been  attempts  to  establish  other  newspapers  in 
Bangor,  but  Ave  believe  we  have  given  the  names  of  all  that  have 
seen  the  light ;  certainly  all  that  have  shed  any  light,  except  the 

BANGOR  DAILY  COMMERCIAL. 

This  paper  was  established  by  Marcellus  Emery,  Esq.,  editor 
of  the  Democrat.  Although  under  Democratic  management,  yet 
it  keeps  pretty  clear  of  partizan  politics,  it  being  the  design  and 
desire  of  the  conductors  to  make  it  a  popular  business  paper,  and 
to  make  money.  The  paper  is  a  smart,  newsy  journal ;  has  a  good 
subscription  fist,  and  is  popular  with  many  of  its  patrons.  It  will 
not  be  for  want  of  talent  in  the  editor  if  he  is  not  successful  in 
obtaining  for  it  an  extensive  circulation.  The  business  interest  of 
the  community  appears  to  be  the  prime  object  of  his  solicitude. 
The  first  number  of  the  Commercial  was  issued  on  the  first  of 
January,  1872. 

DEXTER. 

DEXTER  GAZETTE. 

[  Its  character,  independent ;  editor  and  proprietor,  R.  O.  Rob- 
bins;  size,  32  by  22;  published  every  Friday;  circulation,  600. 
The  advertising  columns  are  well  patronized.  The  printing  busi- 
ness was  commenced  in  this  place  by  J.  F.  Withered  in  1853.  He 
published  several  periodicals  of  different  names,  one  of  which  once 
had  a  weekly  list  of  1700  subscribers.  It  was  of  a  literary  char- 
acter. He  sold  his  interest  in  August,  1869,  to  Gallison  and 
Robbins,  who  carried  on  the  publication  of  the  Gazette  and  job 
business  until  October,  1871,  when  Mr.  Robbins  purchased  the  in- 
terest of  the  senior  partner.  ] 

OLDTOWN. 

OLDTOWN  INDEX. 
This  was  the  only  paper  ever  published  in  this  place.     It  was 
issued  occasionally,  in   1818-49,  —  had  probably  no  circulation 
19 


1  III;    NEWS    PRESS   <>v    M  M  N  K 


outside  of  the  town,    It  was  managed  principally  by  one  Charlef 
II.  De  Wolfe,  an  Englishman  l>y  birth,  a  man  of  peculiar  notion- in 

•  irianigm,  free-love,  0  wing  t<>  his  peculiar  view-,  he  « 1  i *  1 

not  find  it  convenient  to  tarry  here  :i  great  while,  and  he 
ltt't  the  State.    The  next  heard  of  him  he  was  under  arrest  in 
l  •        n,  on  a  criminal  charge  for  his  unlawful  manner  of  taking  :i 
wife.     Being  a  man  of  some  ability,  he  defended  his  own 
During  the  trial  the  Judge  asked  —  "Mr.  De  Wolfe,  do  you  pro- 
i        to  Bhow  that  y<>u  have  been  married  to  this  woman  .-"    ■■  We 

.  your  Honor, married  according  to  the  universal  la 
and  the  dictates  of  our  own  conscience."  BDo  you  Love  this 
unman  well  enough  to  take  her  for  your  wife'.-"'  •■  M  -•  certainly 
I  do."  u Madam,  do  you  love  this  man  well  enough  to  take  him 
for  your  husband?"  "  Y.  -."  uThen,by  virtue  of  authority  v« 
in  me,  I  pronounce  you  to  be  husband  and  wife,  duly  married  ac- 
cording to  tin-  laws  of  Oregon.    Go,  and  -in  no  mon   '     N 

heard   of  him  was   hi-   'hath   in   California.  —  .i.a.i:. 


THE 


PRESS  OF  WASHINGTON  COUNTY. 


BY   GEO.    W.   DKISKO. 


EASTPORT 


EASTPORT  SENTINEL. 

The  Eastport  Sentinel  was  the  first  newspaper  printed  in 
Washington  county.  The  first  number  was  issued  at  Eastport, 
August,  1818,  by  Benjamin  Folsom,  who  came  from  Massachu- 
setts. It  was  Federal  or  Whig  in  politics,  and  was  continued  by 
Mr.  Folsom  until  his  death,  July  8,  1833  —  nearly  fifteen  years. 
Then  Seth  B.  Mitchell,  who  had  served  his  time  in  the  office  un- 
der Mr.  Folsom,  took  charge  of  the  Sentinel  for  the  proprietors, 
and  continued  its  publication  till  the  summer  of  1842.  The  es- 
tablishment was  then  sold  to  C.  C.  Tyler,  who  published  the  paper 
until  April  18,  1848,  when  he  sold  the  same  to  J.  W.  Emery,  who 
continued  the  paper  until  1851.  Mr.  Emery  sold  one-half  to  Mr. 
Close.  The  Sentinel  was  continued  by  Emery  and  Close  until 
August,  1853,  when  one-half  of  the  establishment  was  sold  to 
Samuel  Osborne.  The  paper  was  continued  by  them  jointly  until 
October,  1855.  The  whole  concern  was  then  purchased  by  N.  B. 
Nutt,  Esq.,  and  has  been  published  by  him  ever  since. 

The  whole  establishment,  with  the  books,  all  the  volumes  of 
the  Sentinel,  types,  press,  etc.,  was  destroyed  by  the  great  fire  of 
October  23,  1864,  which  swept  off  the  principal  business  street  of 
the  town,  destroying  a  large  amount  of  property. 

The  Sentinel  has  been  from  its  commencement  identified  with 


1  Lg  THE   N  EWS   PH  M  \  I  \  I. 

the  Federal,  Whig,  and  Republican  parties,  in  the  order  named. 
Al  periods  its  moderate  political  tone  rendered  it  unobjectionable 
to  ;ill  classes.  When  the  \\" lii _r  party  was  dissolved,  the  Sentinel 
hoisted  the  Republican  flag,  and  has  continued  it  \<<  this  day. 

As  a  local  paper  it  has  much  <>t'  the  time  been  thoroughly 
roted  to  the  interests  of  Eastporl  and  it-  immediate  Bection  of  the 
county.  It  will  ii"'  be  disparaging  to  any  ofits  publishers  it'it  be 
said  tli.it  Mr.  Emery  made  ii  much  the  best  newspaper.  One  in 
perusing  the  old  volumes  cannol  but  observe  1  *  i  —  commencement 
and  retirement  lie  displayed  tad  and  industry.  His  items  were 
short,  Bharp,  and  numerous. 

In  consequence  of  1 1 » « -  1"--  by  fire  in  1864,  it  is  difficult  t<>  e..l- 
led  dates  relative  to  the  changes  in  the  Sentinel.  The  earliest 
issue  we  had  t<>  examine,  is •  of  March  13,  1819.  It  was  print- 
ed ti>r  several  year-  on  a  -lie.  i   -J  I  by  lv  inehe-;  the   tir-t    number 

was  this  size. 

The  Sentinel  of  the  above  date  Btated,  as  "evidence  of  the 
growth  and  prosperity  ofEastport,  the  cost  of  buildings,  wharves, 
ite.,  intended  t<>  l><-  erected  the  present  year,  w ill  amounl  t<>  about 
-i\t_\  thousand  dollars.*' 

The  price  of  the  Sentinel  was  18.50  per  year  —  one-half  in  ad- 
vance. 

NORTHERN  LIGHT. 

The  Northern  Lighl  was  started  al  Eastporl  in  April,  lv_v. 
We  have  doI  been  able  t.»  learn  who  its  real  proprietors  wen  ■  I' 
tarted  in  the  interests  of  the  Democrats,  or  "Jackson  men," 
and  advocated  the  old  "her.-'-"  election  to  the  Presidency  with 
do  little 'energy.  It  Beems  probable  that  tin-  original  movers  in 
it-  establishment  were  politicians  at  Boston,  Portland,  Augusta, 
and  in  Washington  county.  Tin-  arrangements  were  matured  in 
Portland  during  the  session  of  the  Legislature  in  1828  I  iding 
I ).  ni.Miat-  in  the  State  generallj  t'a\  ored  the  enterprise,  an. I  prob- 
ahls  man)  of  them  contributed  mone)  to  its  aid. 

I  first  ostensible  proprietor  and  publisher  was  Mr.  Quincy, 
from    Boston.  I  urtiss  was  the  printer;  be  was  from  the 

Argun   office   at    Portland.     Subsequently,    a   son    "i    Asaph    K. 


WASHINGTON    COUNTY.  14J) 

Nichols,  Esq.  (then  Secretary  of  State),  a  clerk  in  the  Adjutant- 
General's  office,  arranged  with  Mr.  John  Bent  to  take  charge  of 
the  paper. 

Mr.  Quincy  failed  to  meet  the  expectations  of  the  proprietors, 
and  for  good  reasons  was  discharged  shortly  after  the  paper  was 
started,  and  Mr.  Curtiss  succeeded  him  as  editor  and  publisher, 
and  so  continued  until  the  close  of  the  fourth  volume,  in  1832, 
when  Mr.  Bent  purchased  the  concern  and  soon  after  changed  its 
name  to  the  Eastern  Democrat,  and  by  that  name  it  was  con- 
tinued until  May,  1837.  The  Democrat,  however,  was  removed 
to  Calais  in  1835,  its  first  issue  appearing  in  November  of  that 
year.  It  was  published  by  Mr.  Bent,  at  Calais,  until  its  suspen- 
sion in  May,  1837,  and  resumed  in  1839  and  1840  by  J.  C. 
Washburn. 

For  nine  years  in  succession  these  papers  were  the  organ  of  the 
supporters  of  Jackson  and  Van  Buren,  in  Washington  county. 
They  contributed  much  to'the  uninterrupted  prosperity  of  the  par- 
ty for  the  fourth  of  a  century,  ending  in  1854.  It  was  a  period 
when  T.  J.  D.  Fuller,  Geo.  M.  Chase,  S.  S.  Rawson,  John  Hodgdon, 
J.  A.  Lowell,  and  others  then  associated  with  them,  were  young, 
talented,  and  active  in  political  life. 

CALAIS. 

The  following  concerning  newspaj^ers  we  gather  from  articles, 
on  "  Calais  Newspapers,"  which  appeared  in  the  Advertiser  of  that 
city  in  March,  1867,  and  is  no  doubt  mainly  correct:  — 

ST.  CROIX  COURIER. 

The  St.  Croix  Courier  was  the  first  newspaper  published  in 
Calais.  It  was  established,  January  28,  1835,  by  Hamlet  Bates, 
Esq.  of  Eastport,  editor  and  proprietor.  It- was  Democratic  in 
principle,  and  was  conducted  with  considerable  tact  and  ability. 
On  the  18th  of  December,  1835,  the  office  caught  fire,  and  nearly 
all  it  contained  was  consumed.  The  office  was  not  insured,  and 
Mr.  Bates  not  having  means  to  re-establish  it,  it  ceased  to  be. 

BOUNDARY  GAZETTE  AND  CALAIS  ADVERTISER. 

The  Boundary  Gazette  and  Calais  Advertiser  was  the  second. 


150  TH  r.    NEW  9    PRESS  01    MAIN  E. 

It  was  Btarted  by  II -  n i  \  P.  Pratt,  Esq.  of  Norridgewock,  who 
announced  in  his  prospectus  thai  his  paper  would  be  published 
k-«.ii  the  line  that  separatee  Greal  Britain  from  the  CJnited  St 
The  firsl  Dumber  of  the  Gazette  was  issued  on  the  l_th  da]  of 
April,  lv:;"'.  In  polities  it  was  Whig.  It  was  the  first  paper  in 
the  county  that  nominated  Gen.  Harrison  for  the  Presidency,  who, 
in  L  886,  was  duly  nominated  by  the  Whig  party,  and  elected  in 
lM".  Mr.  Pratt,  finding  that  he  could  n<>t  make  a  living  out  of 
the  business,  gave  it  up.  The  last  Dumber  was  issued  <>n  the  28th 
day  of  July,  1836. 

i  kS  PJ  i:\    1. 1  MOCH  \ T 

The  Eastern  Democrat,  published  in  Eastport  by  Mr.  John 
Bent,  was  moved  to  Calais  in  1886,  and  the  first  Dumber  was  is- 
sued mi  the  26th  day  of  November.  It  ran  along  very  smoothly 
on  .-in  even  keel  until  the  tall  of  1836,  when  a  split  occurred  in  the 
ranks  of  the  Democracy,  on  the  Domination  of  a  candidate  for  Rep- 
resentative to  Congress.  One  side  nominated  Hon.  T.  Pillsbury, 
and  the  other  nominated  Hon.  A.  G.  Chandler.  The  nomini 
the  Whig  party  was  the  Hon.  Frederic  Hobbs  of  Eastport.  In 
order  to  head  off  the  Chandler  party  and  make  his  election  sure, 
Mr.  Pillsbury  purchased  the  Democrat,  editor,  and  all  hands,  and 
lef)  the  Chandler  part]  out  in  the  cold. 

But  the  Chandler  party,  determining  Dot  t<>  be  foiled  by  any 
such  maneuver,  made  arrangements  to  tun  ••  a  small  paper  printed 
weekly  in  the  Advertiser  office,  during  the  campaign,  called  the 
To<  -in.  Bui  a--  the  firsl  fiction  proved  a  draw  game  all  around, 
and  the  contest  was  considered  jusl  commenced,  the  Chandler 
part  \  -rut  to  Boston  and  purchased  a  press,  type, and  other  mate- 
rials for  a  paper  <>t"  their  own.  Then  commenced  the  tug  "t'  war, 
which  was  kept  op  with  great  spirit  and  animation  to  the  bitter 
end.  After  a  fourth  trial  without  any  election,  Mr.  Hobbs,  the 
Whig  candidate,  withdrew  from  the  contest,  and  Joseph  C.  Noyes, 
Esq.  of  Eastport,  was  Dominated  in  hi-  stead,  and  was  elected. 
This  ended  t  he  contest. 

The  wind-up  of  it  was,  Mr.  Pillsbur)  defeated,  discouraged, 
and  mortified,  wenl   t"  Texas,  at   that  time  the  refuge  of  such 


WASHINGTON  COUNTY.  151 

gentlemen.    Mr.  Bent  abandoned  the  press  for  want  of  support, 
and  went  to  Boston. 

GAZETTE  AND  ADVERTISER. 

The  Gazette  and  Advertiser  was  the  next  in  the  list.  It  was 
started  by  Snow  and  Jackson.  The  first  number  was  issued  on 
the  16th  day  of  August,  1836.  It  was  published  by  them  until 
the  14th  of  February,  1837,  about  seven  months,  when  Mr.  Snow 
withdrew  from  the  concern  for  the  purpose  of  taking  charge  of  a 
new  paper  then  about  to  be  established  by  the  Chandler  party, 
while  Mr.  Jackson  continued  to  publish  the  Gazette  and  Adver- 
tiser until  November  14,  1838,  a  little  more  than  two  years,  when, 
like  his  predecessor  in  the  business,  he  was  constrained  to  strike 
colors  and  '  give  up  the  ship.'  The  paper  was  edited  by  James  S. 
Pike,  Esq.,  during  the  time,  with  that  gentleman's  wonted  tact 
and  ability.     Yet  it  would  not  pay. 

Mr.  Snow  started  a  new  Democratic  paper,  Feb.  18,  1837,  in 
Milltown,  under  the  euphonious  cognomen  of  the  Down  Eastee, 
and  published  it  until  Dec.  27,  1838,  a  little  short  of  a  year,  and 
gave  it  up.  The  establishment  was  then  sold  to  J.  C.  "Washburn, 
Esq.,  who  had  it  brought  to  Saltwater  village,  and  commenced 
the  publication  of  a  paper  called  the 

FRONTIER  JOURNAL. 

The  first  number  made  its  appearance  on  the  9th  of  January, 
1838.  It  was  Democratic  in  principle,  and  went  along  very 
smoothly  until  about  the  21st  of  May,  1838,  when  it  met  with  a 
head  flaw  which  knocked  the  whole  concern  into  pi,  and  came 
near  annihilating  the  publisher.  R.  Whidden,  Esq.,  having  an  in- 
terest in  the  concern,  demanded  a  settlement,  —  he  wanted  some 
money.  Mr.  Washburn,  poor  man,  had  none  to  give  him ;  where- 
upon Mr.  Whidden  seized  the  account  books  and  the  week's  edi- 
tion of  the  Journal,  and  walked  out  of  the  office  with  them  under 
his  arm.  Thus  ended  the  last  chapter  of  the  first  volume  of  the 
Frontier  Journal.  This,  too,  wound  up  the  General's  connection 
with  the  press.  The  experiment,  he  says,  cost  him  twelve  or  fif- 
teen hundred  dollars.  Mr.  Washburn's  connection  having  ter- 
minated thus  summarily,  Lucius  Bradbury,  Esq.,  took    charge  of 


J52  TH  !.    \  EWS   l'l:  ESS  OV  M  \  I  \  l.. 

it,  and  ran  it  until  April  28, 1840,  when  he  gol  tired  of  a  bud- 
so  onerous,  and  in  which  there  was  bo  little  money,  and  gave 

it    up. 

After  the  sudden  and  unexpected  termination  of  Mr.  Wash- 
burn's connection  with  the  Frontier  Journal,  he  went  about  Borne 
other  business,  and  Mr.  Bradbury  had  the  newspaper  field  all  t<> 
himself  until  the  summer  of  1839,  when,  as  the  rupture  in  the 
Democratic  ranks  had  not  been  healed,  J,  ('.  Washburn  hired  the 
Democral  press  and  types,  and  started  the  paper  anew  under  its 
old  title  of  Eastern  Democrat.  The  first  number  of  the  nen  se- 
ries was  issued  on  the  L8tb  day  of  June,  L839,  and  continued  until 
June  22,  1  —  41  —  the  expiration  of  the  term  for  which  he  hired  the 
establishment.  Thus  ended  the  second  series  of  the  Eastern  Dem- 
ocrat in  Calais. 

The  Whigs  had  been  without  an  organ  a1  Calais  for  about 
three  years,  and  after  the  election  oft  General  Harrison,  John  Jack- 
son, being  oul  of  employment,  undertook  the  resuscitation  of  the 
paper,  in  hope  of  making  amends  for  the  two  years  he  had  lost  in 
his  first  attempt,  and  of  building  up  a  business  which  would  prove 
remunerative  in  the  future.  (Bui  he  think-  now,  after  twenty-six 
years  service,  it  is  aboul  as  far  off  as  when  he  started.)  Accord" 
ingly  he  hired  the  establishment  which  was  owned  by  J.  S.  Tike, 
Win.  Deming, and  Noah  Smith, —  employed  F.  A.  and  C.  ES.  Pike, 
who  had  jusl  commenced  the  practice  of  law,  to  write  for  it.  and 
Bel  the  machine  in  motion.  The  first  number  of  the  new  series 
was  issued  on  the  1  1th  day  of  April,  1841.  With  the  close  of  the 
first  volume,  the  editorial  labors  of  the  Messrs.  Tike  on  it  ot  \»  1, 
firom  which  time  to  the  presenl  Mr.  .lack-en  has  had  the  manage- 
ment of  the  Advertiser  entirely  to  himself  Bos  own  words  are, 
"Although  we  bought  and  paid  for  the  pre--  and  type,  and  it  has 
always  been  at  the  servioe  of  the  party,  and  they  have  availed 
themselves  of  it  whenever  the}  pleased,  they  never  contributed 
one  dollar  toward  its  Bupport,  except  in  the  waj  of  a  subscription 
for  a  oopj  of  the  paper,  or  an  occasional  advertisement,  or  paltry 
job.  During  these  twenty-four  )  ear-,  twenty-five  weekly  editions 
have    not    been    printed   and    published   thai    we  'li.l   no1    edit, 


WASHINGTON    COUNTY.  153 

assist  in  setting  up  and  distributing,  read  and  correct  proof-sheet, 
fold,  direct,  and  mail,  —  and  a  greater  part  of  the  time  did  the 
press-work  <>n  the  same. 

In  1842  W.  R.  Snow,  of  the  Down  Easter,  revived  the  Fron- 
tier Journal  and  published  it  until  the  summer  of  1848,  when  he 
sickened  and  died,  and  the  paper  died  too.  Thus  ended  the  sixth 
attempt  to  establish  a  Democratic  paper  at  Calais. 

From  the  close  of  the  Journal  until  1862,  Mr.  Jackson  was 
alone  in  the  newspaper  business  at  Calais.  In  that  year  the  Her- 
ald, published  at  St.  Stephen,  by  John  S.  Hay,  was  'lightly  mob- 
bed' by  'riotous'  persons  who  it  is  said  had  the  publisher's  pecuni- 
ary welfare  at  heart,  which  caused  him  to  move  over  the  river  to 
Calais.  The  'mobbing'  of  his  office  created  sympathy  for  him, 
and  after  a  visit  to  nearly  all  of  the  American  cities  east  of  Wash- 
ington, where  appeals  for  aid  were  put  forth,  he  returned,  "after 
an  absence  of  a  few  weeks,  with  upwards  of  two  thousand  dollars 
and  a  big  list  of  subscribers."  Mr.  Hay  published  the  Herald  a 
little  more  than  a  year  at  Calais,  and  abandoned  the  business  for 
want  of  support.  Mr.  Jackson  and  his  paper,  the  Calais  Adver- 
tiser, remain  master  of  the  situation. 

It  is  difficult  to  follow  the  various  persons  connected  with  the 
press  at  Calais.  When  last  heard  from,  Mr.  Kates  was  Municipal 
Judge,  at  Chelsea,  Mass.  Lucius  Bradbury,  Esq.,  who  died  at 
Eastport  in  June,  1850,  was  connected  with  several  of  the  papers 
at  Calais.  .He  assisted  Mr.  Bent,  in  editing  the  Democrat,  and 
was  the  leading  editor  of  the  Down  Easter  during  its  existence. 
His  talents  as  a  writer  of  humorous  sketches  and  articles  were  su- 
perior. He  was  a  brother  of  Hon.  Bion  Bradbury,  and  at  the 
time  of  his  death  was  Deputy  Collector  at  Eastport. 

MACHIAS  —  EAST   MACHIAS. 

EASTERN  STAR. 

The  Eastern  Star,  the  first  newspaper  printed  in  Machias,  was 

issued  by  Jeremiah  O.  Balch,  proprietor,  publisher,  and  editor, 

December  3,  1823.     The  Star  was  a  sheet  24  by  18  inches,  four 
20 


1 5  \  T  H  ' 

columns  to  a  p  Jumna  in  alL    The  price  w 

year  in  advance,  or  13.00  al  the  expiration  of  the  yi 

The  proprietor  'li'l  not  Beem  to  anticip  sjreat  sua 

tin-  in  lii—  salutatory  he  Baid:  ttThe  editor  of  the  projected  publi- 
cation La  aware  "t'  the  discouragements  which  will  be  thrown  in 
his  way  l>\  men  of  unenlightened  and  contracted  minds.  From 
such  he  expects,  be  asks,  qo  aid." 

The  Star  was  found*  independent  paper,  but  in  the 

lential  controversy  of  1824  it  took  tl     I      nrford  side  of  the 
issue,  and  the  Buccesa  of  the  Adams  men  and  the  election  of  John 
Quincy  Adams  to  the  Presidency  of  1 1 1 » -  United  States  rent 
the  Star  somewhat  unpopular,  and  for  want  of  material  support 
its  publication  was  suspended  in  about  one  year  from  tin-  fl- 
its firsl  issue. 

The  building  in  which  it  was  printed  stood  between  the  store 
now  occupied  by  S.  H.  Talbot,  Esq.,  and  the  house  occupied  by 
Joseph  Wnittier,  at  chias,  and  was  owned  by  Caleb  I 

It  w  as  torn  '1"\\  ii  m\  crai  j  ears 

The  publisher  Baid  he  uhad  chosen  Machias  (E       M     ;  ias) 
for  the  place  of  publication,  i1  being  the  ahire  town  of  the  county, 
and   offers   man}    advantages   for  the   proposed   establish] 
Washington  Academy  was  Located  at  m<1  if  the  pub- 

lisher received  more  encouragemenl  from  the  leading  men  of  that 
village  than  he  •  1  i <  1  from  the  villi  Ai  chias,  it  would  occasion 

no  remark.     Easl  Machias  was  incorporated  in   1827. 

Inquiry  was  made  of  an         I         tleman,  a  native  and  still  a 
resident  ofEasI  Machias, whal  he  recollected  of  the  Hasten'  5 
!l>  "Nol   much,  except    I   remember  the  press  was  worked 

with  a  crow-bar."     It  was  probablj  oneoftlu   Rai 

The  late  Ebon   Blackman,  Esq.  of  I    st    M         s,  was  < 
the  principal  contributors  i"  the  Star. 

Ii  Bcems  probable  that  the  publication  of  the  Star 
An  old  n -si. lent  ..i   M  itive  <-t'  Mr.  Balch,  was  inquired 

to  tin1  Star,     lit1  wii  I  lie  recollected  \ery  distinctly  thai  it 

tnd  he  thought  th  • 


WASHINGTON  COUNTY.  155 

What  became  of  the  press  and  type  after  the  suspension  of  the 
paper  is  not  known.  Mr.  Balch  subsequently  removed  to  Le  Roy, 
New  York,  where  he  published,  for  a  while,  a  paper  called  the  Le- 
Roy  Standard.  He  was  living  one  year  ago,  but  not  connected 
with  the  publishing  business. 

MACHIAS. 

MACHIAS  UNION. 

The  first  number  of  the  Machias  Union  was  commenced  May 
25,  1853,  by  E.  M.  Yates  and  C.  O.  Furbush,  publishers  and  pro- 
prietors—  both  practical  printers;  Mr.  Yates  editing  the  paper. 
About  five  hundred  copies  were  issued,  nearly  all  of  which  were 
sent  to  actual  subscribers,  obtained  mostly  in  the  central  and 
western  sections  of  Washington  county  previous  to  publishing  the 
paper.  Machias  alone  furnished  one  hundred  and  fifty  subscri- 
bers.   The  paper  was  neutral  in  politics. 

The  Union  was  the  first  paper  issued  in  Machias  as  at  present 
organized.  The  Star  (before  alluded  to)  was  published  before 
the  original  territory  of  Machias  was  divided  into  five  towns,  as 
it  now  is,  in  what  at  present  is  East  Machias. 

Machias  was  incorporated  in  1784.  Washington  county  was 
organized  in  1789,  Machias  being  the  shire  town,  and  has  so  con- 
tinued to  the  present  time.  The  county  contained  fewer  inhabi- 
tants then,  than  Machias  does  now.  No  one,  who  has  been  con- 
sulted, can  give  information  of  any  attempt  or  any  thought  of 
establishing  a  paper  at  Machias  prior  to  the  Union.  For  the  last 
eleven  years  two  papers  have  been  in  a  small  measure  successful. 

Mr.  Yates  remained  at  Machias  only  four  months,  when  on  ac- 
count of  ill  health  he  was  obliged  to  give  up  the  business.  He 
sold  his  interest  to  Mr.  Fnrbusli,  the  latter  continuing  to  be  pub- 
lisher and  proprietor  until  August,  1854,  when  he  sold  half  of 
the  concern  to  Geo.  W.  Drisko,  who  assumed,  and  is  yet  in  edito- 
rial charge  of  the  paper.  Mr.  Furbush  continued  the  superin- 
tendence of  the  mechanical  part  of  the  paper  until  August,  1859, 
when  he   sold  his   interest  to   Mr.  Geo.  A.  Parlin,  who,  being  a 


Tin:   \  i:u's  ci:  M  \i  \  E. 

I       tical  print  led  Mr.  Furbush  in  the  mechanical  execu- 

tion of  the  paper  and  job-printL 

The  building  in  which  the  Union  was  first  printed  stands  on 
Main  street;  il  was  then  owned  bj  Dea.  Wm.  Crocker,  now  by 
Hadley  Brothi  re.  In  1856  the  proprietors  t>uilt  an  office  and  oc- 
cupied it  tli.it  fall,  located  <>n  Center  street,  in  which  1 1 1 « -  Union 
has  sinee  been  published. 

M  \'lll  A-  REPl  HI  [l 

The  Machias  Republican  was  first  1 — 1 1*-<  1  in  .Imp.  1866,  Stacy 
Fowler,  proprietor,  publisher,  and  edi  e  office  was  in  the 

second  story  of  the  store  on  Main  street,  then  owned  by  the  M  - 
cliia-  \V.  r  Power  and  .Mill  Company.  <■■  .  I.  Talbot,  Esq., 
was  one  of  it-  principal  contributors.  His  acknowledged  ability 
as, a  '■.  he  paper  no  little  prominence.     Mr.  Fowler  did 

nut  find  i1  rative  and  was  unable  to  publish  the 

paper  longer  than  aboul  twenty  m. >;it h-.     He  had  several  su 
Bors  b)  turns,  none  succeeding  only  a  i"<'\\  months  al  a  time,  till 
vhcn  Mr.  Furbush  Wi--. il \ » ■  1  hi-  connection  with 
the  Union  and  assumed  the  proprietorship  «'t"  the  Republican,  the 
control  "t'  which   ;  in  bis  hands,  with  the  exception  of 

about  one  year,  wl  ,  who  helped  start  the  Union,  re- 

turned to   M  '  was  in ■  ith   Mr.  Furbush  in  in 

publication.     A  ie  in  lical  bet  a  from  the  Btart  the 

i!i  r  nnil   (•■  ' 

lit   the 

' 
: 

I 

I ! 

In 
much 


WASHINGTON  COUNTY.  157 

the  organ  of  the  Republican  party,  and  from  its  central  location 
attained  a  larger  circulation  than  either  of  the  other  Repxiblican 
papers  published  in  the  county.  Mr.  Furbush  is  still  the  publish- 
er and  proprietor. 

Newspaper  business,  of  itself,  in  Washington  county  has  not 
yet  proved  self-sustaining.  All  the  publishers,  who  have  contin- 
ued in  the  business  more  than  two  years,  have  had  other  business 
in  connection  with  publishing;  bookstores,  job-printing,  or  some 
other  business.  Probably  of  all  the  papers  ever  published  or  are 
now  published  in  the  county,' not  one  of  them  received  an  amount 
from  subscribers  in  one  year,  sufficient  to  pay  the  expenses  of  pub- 
lication for  the  year,  not  taking  into  account  any  time  or  disburse- 
ment for  editorial  services.  Advertising  and  job-printing  are 
largely  depended  upon  to  subsist  the  publishers  and  keep  the 
work  in  progress. 

Diligent  inquiry  fails  to  discover  any  person  who  made  money, 
or  who  is  now  doing  so  in  Washington  county  in  the  newspaper 
business,  while  the  records  show  that  no  small  amount  of  money 
has  been  lost. 

We  are  indebted  to  Joseph  Gunnison,  Esq.,  at  Eastport;  Hon. 
Bion  Bradbury,  at  Portland ;  Hon.  M.  J.  Talbot,  at  East  Machias, 
for  information  given.     Mr.  Gunnison  was  a  valuable  aid. 


T  ii  1: 


PRESS  OF  WALDO  COUNTY. 


i;V    BON.   JOSEPD    \Wlll  LMSON. 


BE  L  F  \  3T. 


llWi'i"  k  G  VZETTE. 


Within  the  limits  of  whal  is  no^  Waldo  county  no  newspaper 
enterprise  was  undertaken  until  1x-j<>.  <>n  the  sixth  day  of  July 
in  thai  year,  Messrs.  Ephraim  Fellows  and  W.  R.  Simpson  publish- 
ed at  Belfast  the  firsl  Dumber  of  a  weekly  i  died  the  Han- 
cock Gasette.  Ii  was  well  printed  in  bourgeois  and  brevier  type, 
each  page  being  aboul  eighteen  inches  bj  twelve,  and  containing 
fonr  columns,  Aboul  one  page  was  devoted  t>>  advertisements. 
William  Biglow,1  Preceptor  of  Belfasl  Academy,  a  graduate  «>t' 
Harvard  College,  class  of  L794,  and  a  man  "of  infinite j( 
tnosl  excellent  fancy"  was  its  first  editor.  Judge  Alfred  Johnson, 
Wm.  < ;.  Crosby,  Esq.,  and  others  were  ocoasiona]  contributors. 

Alter  twenty-one  numbers  of  the  Gazette  had  been  published, 
it  assumed  the  additional  title  of  Penobbcoi  Patriot.  The 
reason  of  this  change  is  Btated  < « •  1  ><•  u  the  disoontinuanoe  of  the 
r  Weeklj  l»>  gister,"  i  a  pap<  r  i  stablished  at  Bangor  in  1815), 
"and  a  wish  to  Becure  patronage  in  Penobsool  county ."  The  new 
name  was  nol  long  oontinued,  and  \\  ith  the  seventh  volume,  June 
28)  1826,  that  of  Bblfasi  Gazette  was  substituted,  [ts  exist- 
ence was  brief,  and  terminated  with  number  thirty-seven  of  the 
eighth  \  ohune. 

Ml  l 

hi  large  prii  U  ' 


WALDO    COUNTY.  159 

JUVENILE  MAGAZINE. 

In  April,  1823,  Messrs.  Follows  and  Simpson  advertised  the 
prospectus  of  a  monthly  publication,  entitled  the  Juvenile  Maga- 
zine, "for  the  amusement  and  instruction  of  young  persons,  and 
the  use  of  schools  and  families,"  to  be  edited  by  William  Biglow. 
Each  number  was  to  contain  thirty-six  pages,  duodecimo.  The 
annual  subscription  price  was  one  dollar,  to  be  paid  in  advance. 
But  one  number  appeared. 

CHRISTIAN  VISITANT. 

The  Christian  Visitant,  a  monthly  publication  of  religious  ar- 
ticles, was  established  in  September,  1825,  and  continued  two 
years.  It  was  in  duodecimo  form,  each  number  having  twelve 
pages.  It  was  published  by  Rev.  William  A.  Drew,  now  of  Au- 
gusta, under  the  auspices  of  the  Eastern  Association  of  Univer- 
salists.  There  were,  on  an  average,  about  two  thousand  copies 
subscribed  for.     Ephraim  Fellows  printed  both  volumes. 

WALDO  DEMOCRAT. 

A  week  after  the  suspension  of  the  Belfast  Gazette,  the  first 
number  of  the  Waldo  Democrat  appeared.  It  was  a  revival  of 
the  former  under  a  new  name,  and  was  designated  as  "  vol.  ix.,  new 
series."  Mr.  Fellows,  the  proprietor  of  the  Gazette,  became  its 
publisher.  Its  size  was  considerably  larger  than  its  predecessor. 
In  politics  it  advocated  the  re-election  of  President  Adams.  The 
first  leading  editorial  gives  the  following  reasons  for  a  change  of 
name  — "  We  this  day  present  the  public  with  No.  1  of  a  new 
series  of  our  paper ;  or  to  speak,  more  correctly,  with  a  new  paper, 
under  a  new  name  and  auspices,  in  an  enlarged  and  improved 
form,  with  new  hopes  and  prospects.  *  *  From  the  want  of  an 
editor  on  whom  might  rest  the  responsibility,  the  publishers  of  the 
Belfast  Gazette  have  been  aware  that  their  paper  has  heretofore 
wanted  that  strong  and  decided  political  character  which  is  re- 
quired to  gam  the  confidence  of  the  community,  and  to  give  a 
proper  tone  to  public  sentiment.  *  *  The  political  character  of 
this  paper  is  to  be,  as  its  name  purports,  Democratic,  heartily  and 
entirely  1  >emocratic."  The  Democrat  continued  less  than  a  year, 
and  with  the  forty-fourth  number  its  unannounced  termination 
took  place. 


lOQ  TH  I".    N  I.  WS   PRESS  01     >l  \ 

REP1  BLICAJS  JOI  i.n  \| 

N|i-.  Fellows  transferred  hi-  press  and  other  printing  materials 
to  Messrs.  Robert  White  and  Cj  st,  who,  under 

the  style  of  White  and  Rowe,  on  the  sbctb  daj  1829, 

established  the   Repubfi  rnal.     In   politics,  the  new  ^1  nit 

supported  I  democratic  principles  ;i-  represented  by  Jackson,  \\  1  Lose 
election  over  Adams  in  the  previous  November  probably  induced 
the  discontinuance  of  its  pn  I  '1   typography 

uriv  similar  to  those  of  the  Democrat.  Tl  e  partnership  of  White 
and  Rowe  eiisted  until  184-,  when  Mr.  Whit  i.  and  was 

succeeded  bj  Benjamin  <  rriffin,  of  Boston,  who  became  the  editor. 
The  new  firm  was  dissolved  <><t.7.  1843,  when  Mr.  Griffin 
(dated  himself  with  bis  brother,  onder  the  name  of  1 1  E.  and 

B.  Griffin.  In  June,  1845,  the  Journal  was  much  enlarged  and 
unproved.  During  the  following  year,  Mr.  Rowe  purchased  the 
interesi  ol  1 1  E.  <  rriffin,  and  the  old  firm  <>t"  Rowe  and  Griffin 

was  resumed,  which  continued  until  January,  1849.     At  that  date, 
George  B.  Moore  and  Levi  R.  Wing,  young  men  who  had  » 
their  apprenticeships  in  the  offii  1 .  became  proprietors.    Mr.  Griffin 
soon  afterwards  hit  for  California.    Il<  has  since  edited  the  Proi  i- 
dence  Daily  Post,  and  now  conducts  the  Syracuse  (N.  Y.i  D 
cr.li.     His  editorials  in  the  Journal  were  distinguished   bj 
of  thoughl  and  simplicit)  of  style.     Mr.  Rowe  also  wenl  to  Califor- 
nia, and  subsequently  to  Nevada  City,  where  he  died  Dec.  12,  L858. 

Under  the  Btyleof  George  B,  Moore  and  Co,  and  Wing  and 
Moore  (Mr.  Moore  being  editor),  the  Journal  continued  until  Is — 
when  J.  G.  Dickenson,  Esq.,  now  one  of  the  Justices  of  thi  9  .- 
preme  Court,  purchased  the  interesi  of  Wing,  and  :i  new  partner- 
ship was  formed,  called   Moore  and   Dickenson.     In   M  y, 

I  tnblishmenl  was  sold  to  William  H.  Simpson, Esq,  tin 
,  Hi  editor  and  proprietor.     Mr.  Moore  continued  the  editorial 
management   until  1861,  when  he  was  appoint      I  torofthe 

Customs  nt  Camden.  He  was  afterwards  editor  of  the  Portland 
Dailj  Advertiser,  which  position  he  occupied  at  the  time  of  his 

•  Mi  w 

mil       II.-  tin  d     udd<  1 


WALDO    COUNTY.  161 

death,  March,  1862.  With  the  exception  of  a  short  period  of  sus- 
pension in  1866,  the  Journal  has  existed  for  over  forty  years. 
It  has  always  been  published  weekly. 

THE  MALNE  FARMER  AND  POLITICAL  REGISTER. 
In  chronological  order  this  was  the  next  paper  to  the  Journal 
established  in  Waldo  county.  It  was  also  published  in  Belfast. 
It  was  a  weekly  sheet,  about  20  X  14  inches  on  each  page,  well 
printed,  and  conducted  with  considerable  ability.  The  first  num- 
ber appeared  April  8,  1829,  and  the  last  Oct.,  1830.  Edward 
Palmer,  afterward  a  Unitarian  minister  at  Natick,  Mass.,  was  its 
editor. 

WORKINGMEN'S  ADVOCATE. 

From  the  dissolution  of  the  Farmer  arose  The  Maine  Work- 
ingmen's  Advocate,  another  weekly  paper,  which  commenced 
November  3,  1830.  The  proprietor  Was  John  Dorr,  to  whom  the 
subscription  list  of  the  Farmer  had  been  transferred,  and  probably 
its  printing  materials,  as  the  size  and  typography  are  identical. 
Its  political  character  was  decidedly  Federal  or  Whig.  Samuel 
Upton,  Esq.,  a  prominent  politician,  was  editor.  With  the  com- 
mencement of  the  sixth  volume,  its  name  was  changed  to  Ameri- 
can Advocate.  On  the  22d  of  January,  1834,  the  offices  of  the 
Advocate  and  of  the  Journal  were  destroyed  by  fire.  Their  con- 
tents were  saved  in  a  damaged  condition,  the  presses  were  broken 
in  the  haste  of  removal,  and  the  types  badly  knocked  into  pi. 
The  Advocate  was  discontinued  April  28,  1836.  Mr.  Upton  re- 
moved to  Bangor,  and  afterward  to  Washington,  where  his  death 
occurred  in  1840. 

BELFAST  INTELLIGENCER. 

In  1836,  serious  dissensions  having  occurred  among  the  Dem- 
ocrats of  Waldo  county  relative  to  a  Congressional  nomination, 
the  Belfast  Intelligencer,  a  rival  of  the  Journal,  was  established 
Nov.  17th  by  Frederick  P.  Ingalls.  Joseph  Williamson,  Esq., 
was  its  editor  and  principal  proprietor.    At  the  expiration  of  a 

0=  In  ninth  line  of  preceding  page,  after  181  ,  insert  1.     In  second  line  of  second 
paragraph,  after  18     ,  insert  55. 

21 


[£2  THE   n  i.  R  S   PR  ESS  OF   M  A  I 

I  was  moved  to  Frankfort  village  (now  Wlnterpoit),  where 
it  was  maintained  until  Jan.  !_.  l^J'.'.  Mr.  [ngalls  i-  now  a  con- 
Btable  in  Boston.    Mr.  Williamson  died  in  I  i 

WALDO  PATRIOT. 

Th"  removal  of         [ntelli  i  by  the 

publication  at  Belfast  o  lied  the  Waldo  Pi 

John   Dorr  was  ita  publisher,  and  Bon.  Solyman  Heath,  now  of 
rville,  editor.     !  arnal,  which  it  ex- 

celled in  mechanical  execution.  The  first  number  appeared  Jan. 
1,1838.  Pecuniarily,  the  paper  is  believed  t<»  have  been  unre- 
munerative,  and  at  the  close  of  the  first  volume  it  was  onited  with 
the  Kennebec  Journal,  s  i  ta,  of  which  Mr.  Don-  became  :i 
proprietor.  Be  still  resides  in  that  city. 
WALDO  -k.n  \i.. 

An  enthusiastic  political  campaign  in  1M<»  induced  the  estab- 
lishment of  another  Whig  newspaper  in  Beliast,  and  in  October, 
Ghas.  Giles,  a  practical  printer  (who  a  few  months  previously  had 
made  an  ineffectual  attempt  to  institute  the  I  democratic  Standard), 
gave  t->  the  public  the  Wald  ;  a  weekly  paper  "i"  medium 

sise.  <  >n  the  26th  «>t'  June,  L846,  il  was  enlarged,  and  the  name 
of  State  Signal  substitute  I  for  the  <>M  ona  Isaac  X.  Felch,  Esq., 
afterwards  Deputj  Collector,  edited  it  until  the  termination  of  the 
seventh  volume,  Oct.  27,  1^17,  when  Messrs.  Giles  and  Felch  re- 
tired, and  a  change  of  name  and  proprietors  tm>k  place  William 
L  Av(  ry,  Esq.  of  Belfast,  and  Borace  K.  Kimball  of  N<  m  Fork, 

•  ph  Williamson,  father  of  the  author  of  tin*  well  prepared  --k.  tch  of  die  I 

■   i  Qirereitj  in  th<   i 
—  i  Dontjf    tttoi  lent  of  tin- 

Sen  .;•  i     M         eti .  —  l'-'l 

t  In  the  ralu  kbit  Knoi  Count  •  dwia 

:  i  il  with  tin-  |irui    .  I  I   i''lish- 

■  •n. nenl  the  \nn-n- 

iden  from   M  vj  1 

Me.,  ii»I 
i  ■ 
in   Califon  \     I    ■•  i'l.-ii 

•ims- 
■ 


WALDO  COUNTY.  163 

who  a  few  weeks  previously  had  started  The  New  Planet,  now 
became  owners  of  the  Signal  establishment  and  united  both  pa- 
pers under  the  title  of  Signal  and  Planet.  Mr.  Felch  subsequent- 
ly removed  to  Gorham,  where  he  died  in  1870.  For  a  short  time  he 
was  editor  of  the  Portland  Evening  Star;  Mr.  Giles  engraved  in 
mercantile  pursuits,  and  was  Postmaster  of  Belfast  from  1849  to 
1853.  At  an  early  period  of  the  rebellion,  he  enlisted  in  the  Four- 
teenth Maine  Regiment  and  was  killed  at  the  battle  of  Baton 
Rouge,  Aug.  5,  1862. 

On  the  10th  of  January,  1849,  the  firm  of  Avery  and  Kimball 
was  dissolved.  The  former  continued  as  editor  and  proprietor. 
His  connection  with  the  paper  ceased  March  3,  1853,  by  a  sale  to 
D.  H.  Prime  of  Vermont,  who  changed  its  name  to  Belfast  Signal. 
Mr.  Avery  afterwards  edited  the  Daily  Times,  at  Troy,  N.  Y. 
He  now  resides  in  Washington.  Mr.  Kimball  has  been  for  several 
years,  foreman  of  one  of  the  New  York  dailies.  Under  the  new 
ownership,  prosperity  did  not  attend  the  Signal,  and  in  Novem- 
ber, 1853,  it  was  sold  to  Messrs.  J.  R.  Stephens  and  Co.,- who  pub- 
lished a  few  numbers  and  then  discontinued  it. 
JNEW  PLANET. 

The  New  Planet,  of  which  mention  has  been  made,  was  a 
weekly  folio  sheet,  with  seven  large  columns  on  each  page.  It 
was  independent  in  its  character,  and  according  to  the  prospectus, 
"differed  in  many  respects  from  any  journal  in  the  State."  After 
sixteen  numbers  had  appeared,  on  the  27th  of  October,  1847,  its 
union  with  the  Signal  took  place,  as  stated  above. 
PEOPLES'  ADVOCATE. 

In  March,  1844,  another  rival  of  the  Journal  appeared,  called 
the  Peoples'  Advocate  and  Independent  Democrat,  printed  week- 
ly by  Lewis  Richardson,  "for  the  proprietors."  It  contained 
twenty-four  columns,  and  the  annual  subscription  price  was  $1.50 
in  advance.  It  gave  a  cordial  support  to  the  regular  National 
and  State  Democratic  candidates,  but  opposed  the  local  nomina- 
tions. N.  Abbott,  Esq.  of  the  Waldo  Bar,  afterwards  a  member 
of  the  Legislature,  and  a  Representative  in  Congress,  was  the  edi- 
tor.   The  paper  did  not  reach  the  close  of  a  second  volume. 


10  i  Til  r.   \  l.  u  9   PB  ESS  OF  MAIN  E 

Mr.  I ;  ■  1 1  i.i  i-.  1  -■  >n  has  since  published  a  pap  r  at  Rockland,  where 
he  died  in  1867.  - 

A  small  weekly  campaign  paper  was  issued  from  the  office  of 
the  Republican  Journal,  for  a  few  months  previous  t'»  the  Presi- 
dential election  of  1848. 

iMMOA  SCHOOL  ADVOCATE. 

In  May,  1848,  Messrs.  Rowe  and  Griffin  oommenoed  publish- 
ing a1   Belfast    the  Common  Sol 1  Advocate,  a  semi-monthly 

sheet  of  a  quarto  form.  The  editorial  department  was  conducted 
bj  William  <J.  Crosby,  Secretary  of  the  Board  of  Education. 
The  second  volume  was  increased  in  size,  each  number  containing 
eight  pages.    It  was  discontinued  Aug.  1,1849. 

PROGRESS!!  I'.   IGE. 

The  Progressive  Age,  a  weekly  paper,  which  advocated  the 
principles  of  the  then  new  Republican  party,  was  established  .-it 
Belfast,  July  1, W>I.  It  was  of  small  dimensions  at  first,  but  with 
the  increase  of  the  political  Organization  which  it  represented,  its 
size  \s.i<  extended,  and  it  is  now  a  large  sheet.  William  .M.  Rust, 
Esq.  has  bi  i  n  editor  and  proprietor  from  its  commencement. 

M  MM:  I  REE  PR]  5S 

After  a  quiet  of  ten  years,  local  dissensions  again  disturbed 
the  harmony  of  the  Democratic  party  of  Waldo  county,  and  <>n 
June  r>,  1864,  the  .Maine  Free  Press,  a  large  and  well  printed 
weekly  paper,  was  established  at  Belfast  by  Hon.  K.  rL  Smart, 
Collector  of  the  Customs,  who  edited  it.  The  name  <>f  Levi  R. 
Wing  appears  as  first  publisher.  For  a  few  months  in  ls">">  John 
Abbol  conducted  it.  .M.  V.  Stetson  then  became  publisher,  and 
CoL  Smart  resumed  the  editorial  charge.  In  lv>7,  it  was  re- 
moved to  Rockland,  and  merged  in  the  United  Static  Democrat, 
under  the  name  of  Democrat  and  Fr<  P  .  which  it  qom  bears. 
Col.  Smart  continues  to  reside  at  Camden.  Bir.  Wing  and  Mr. 
8t<  tson  live  In  Boston. 

PROURESSn  i.   \<.i.  i.\  l.\i\<.  BI  II  l  I  in 

The  only  dail)   paper  ever  attempted  in  Waldo  county, 
the  Progrenaiv*     \       Evening  Bulletin,  a  sheet    \-j.  \  s  Inches, 
w  1  ne 1 1  i-~-ii.il  from  the  office  of  the  Age  in  Belfast,  even  afternoon 


WALDO    COUNTY.  1G5 

from  April  24,  to  June  29,  1861,  and  contained  all  the  evening 
despatches  concerning  the  war.  It  was  revived  March  10th  of 
the  following  year,  by  Messrs.  Pillsbury  and  Burgess,  under  the 
name  of  the  Evening  Bulletin.  But  twenty-six  numbers  of  the 
new  series  appeared. 

UNION  BANNER. 
The  Union  Banner  was  started  in  Belfast,  January,  1870,  by 
L.  H.  Murch,  (a  native  of  Unity)  who  was  editor,  publisher,  and 
proprietor.  It  was  printed  by  Geo.  W.  Burgess.  It  was  a  monthly 
royal  quarto  of  8  pp.,  published  but  one  year ;  circulation  1000 
copies. 

BELFAST  ADVERTISER. 
The  last  newspaper  established  -in  Waldo  county  was  the 
Belfast  Advertiser,  a  monthly  quarto  of  eight  pages,  published  by 
George  E.  Brackett  and  George  W.  Burgess.  Its  first  issue  ap- 
peared in  July,  1871,  and  it  is  still  published,  with  a  circulation  of 
twenty-five  hundred  copies.  As  indicated  by  its  name,  the 
columns  are  principally  devoted  to  advertisements. 


Til  K 


PRESS  OF  SAGADAHOC  COUNTY. 


BAT  II. 

MAINE  GAZETTE. 

The  history  of  the  Gazette,  the  first   newspaper  published  at 
Bath,  must  1>"  very  brief     Ii  was  commenced  by  M<  nr&  T 
and  Simpson  on  the  sth  da]  ofDecemb  Mr.  Simpson, 

after  one  j  neotion  with  the  establishment,  Bold  bis  right 

to  Mr.  Torrey,  who  oontinned  the  publication  until  l^:;o. 

The  politics  of  •  ly  <>t*a  aominal  ch 

tcr;  as,  at  that  time,  under  the  administration  <»t'  James  Monroe, 
there  was  rery  little  politioal  excitement.  When  John  Quinoy 
Adams  was  brought  before  the  public,  the  G  tl  took  a  decided 
stand  for  his  election.  This  movement  resulted  in  the  establish- 
ment of  the  Maine  Enquirer,  which  advocated  the  promotion  <>t" 
Win.  EL  Crawford  to  the  E*residenoy;  and  the  final  resull  was 
the  consolidation  <>f  both  papers,  in  lvi'J,  under  the  name  <>f 
(i:i/.itt<-  and  Enquirer. 

The  Gazette  was  the  medium  for  the  promulgation  of  the  1 
of  the  United  States,  while  Eenry  day  was  Secretary  of  State 
under  the  administration  of  J*  Q.  Adams.  The  editorial  of  this 
paper  was  conducted  principally  by  the  publishers.  The  contribu- 
tors were  Bon.  William  Thorndike,  Eon  Benjamin  Randall, and 
Hon.  Joseph  !•'.  Wingate. 

The  bound  volumes  of  the  Gazette  were  presented  by  Mr. 
r  the  Bath  E*ublio  Library  in  1880,  when  Dr.  N.  Weld 

Liibrarian. 

\  .  i .   —  Mr.  Torrey,  who 
graphei   n  re  hope  tbeereofhii  laborio  No   19  Winthrop   I 


SAGADAHOC  COUNTY.  167 

MAINE  INQUIRER. 

This  paper  was  established  at  Bath,  Oct.  14,  1824,  by  Thomas 
Eaton,  who  graduated  from  the  office  of  the  Eastern  Argus,  which 
was  tken  published  at  Portland  by  Messrs.  Todd  and  Smith.  Mr. 
Eaton  continued  publisher  and  editor  of  the  Inquirer  until  Nov., 

1832,  when  he  disposed  of  his  interest  in  the  paper  to  Mr.  Harris, 
of  Haverhill,  Mass.,  who  published  it  about  a  year,  and  then  sold 
his  interest  to  J.  S.  Swift,  recently  publisher  of  the  Farmington 
Chronicle.    Mr.  Eaton  was  appointed  postmaster  of  Bath  in  April, 

1833,  and  continued  in  the  office  until  Dec.  31,  1850. 

The  Inquirer  was  the  first  paper  in  New  England  that  advo- 
cated the  election  of  Gen.  Jackson  for  President,  commencing  the 
canvass  soon  after  the  choice  by  Congress  of  John  Quincy  Adams 
for  President  in  1825,  —  the  States  failing  to  elect.  The  Inquirer 
was  rigidly  Democratic  in  its  doctrines. 

In  this  enterprise  Mr.  Eaton  was  assisted  and  patronised  by 
some  of  the  most  prominent  citizens  of  Bath,  among  whom  were 
Gov.  Bang,  Hon.  Peleg  Tallman,  Col.  Peter  H.  Green,  Gen.  James 
McLellan,  Gen.  Joseph  Sewall,  Judge  Henry  Tallman,  Judge 
Groton,  and  others,  who  were  especially  active  and  efficient  in 
sustaining  the  paper  and  extending  its  circulation. 

GAZETTE  AND  INQUIRER. 

In  1832  the  Maine  Gazette  and  the  Inquirer  were  united  and 
published  weekly  under  the  title  Gazette  and  Inquirer,  first  by 
Mr.  Han-is,  and  afterward  by  Hamlet  Bates  until  1834.  Josiah 
S.  Swift  then  became  the  proprietor  and  publisher,  under  whose 
supervision  it  was  published  until  March  17, 1836,  when  the  estab- 
lishment was  purchased  by  Elisha  Clarke,  who  changed  the  name 
and  called  his  issue  the 

LINCOLN  TELEGRAPH. 

The  circulation  of  the  paper  was  quite  limited  at  the  time  Mr. 
Clarke  took  charge,  being  less  than  100 ;  but  under  his  manage- 
ment it  soon  gained  a  very  large  circulation  for  the  times,  and  a 
good  pecuniary  basis.  Mr.  Clarke  continued  as  editor  and  pub- 
lisher until  September,  1846,  when  he  sold  to  Chamberlain,  Haines 
and  Plummer,  and  retired. 


|.;>  Till:   \  EWS   PR  ESS  OF  MAIS  B. 

The  oew  publishers  were  all  enthusiastic  and  Bangnine  young 
nun;  they  felt  thai  enterprise  was  the  direcl  road  I  -.  and 

in  that  faith  tiny  enlarged  the  paper,  and  gave  it  a  oew  tith  — 
THE  NORTHERN  TKlia  \i:.  • 

—  They  made  expensive  additions  t<>  the  establishment,  and 
struggled  manfully  to  realize  success.  In  1M**  they  commenced 
the  publication  of  the  Dailj  Northern  Tribune.  This  experiment 
proving  less  profitable  than  was  hoped,  Mr.  Haines  retired  from 
the  tii-iii  aboul  1849;  and  a  few  months  later  Sir.  Chamberlain 
withdrew  and  emigrated  t<>  California,  where,  it  i-  understood,  he 
ha-  been  \< ay  successful  in  life.  Mr.  Plummer  then  took  a-  a 
I  partner  in  the  business,  Geoi  R  38,  at  that  time  foreman  in  the 
Portland  Advertiser  office;  and  Boon  afterward  sold  hi- in' 
t<>  Benjamin  H.  Meder  of  Brunswick. 

Messrs.  Meder  and  Ross  discontinued  the  publication  of  the 
daily,  and  issued,  instead,  the  Tri-Weekly  Northern  Tribune.  Mr. 
Meder,  however,  did  not  long  retain  his  position  as  publisher,  hat 
sold  out  to  Mr.  Ross.  All  these  changes  took  place  previous  to 
1^~>"_\  The  various  persons  who  at  differenl  times  were  proprie- 
tors of  the  establishment,  were  at  the  same  time  editors  of  the  pa- 
per. Mr.  Ross,  on  becoming  Bole  proprietor,  being  an  excellent 
practical  printer,  devoted  himself  mainly  to  the  business  pari  of 
his  office,  employing  editorial  assistance.  I  Ion.  .1  elm  S.Baker  was 
the  Brsl  who  edited  tin1  paper  for  Mr.  Rosa, which  he  « 1  i •  1  for 
some  Length  of  time  II.-  was  succeeded  by  ('ha-.  <;.  Came,  Esq. 
of  Portland,  who  furnished  editorial  matters  few  months,  until 
he  became  connected  w  ith  a  Boston  oewspaper.  Through  the  fill 
ami  winter  of  i 85 i  '55,  W.  H.  Crosby,  at  that  time  Principal  of 

the  Bath  High  Sri I, acted  a-  editor  for  Mr.  Rosa.    He  hit  Bath 

for  Kentuck)  in  March,  and  Mr.  Upton  supplied  his  place  during 
the  remainder  of  Ross's  administration,  which  terminated  on  the 
Brsl  daj  of  .lime,  L865;  the  weekly  and  tri-weeklj  Northern 
Tribune  then  becoming  consolidated,  under  new  owner-,  with  the 
nui.N    \M>  w  I  I'M  \    MIRROR 

The  Weeklj  Mirror  was  Btarted  bj  Ruins  R»  Haines,  one  of 
the  former  publishers  of  the  Tribune,  and   Hiram  L  Wii 


SAGADAHOC    COUNTY.  \QQ 

Waterville.  *  Mr.  Haines  had  subsequently  associated  with  him, 
at  different  times,  H.  L.  Whiting,  a  Boston  printer,  Edwin  Sprague, 
now  of  the  Rockland  Free  Press,  and  Charles  Cobb,  then  of  New 
York  city,  f 

The  Mirror  was  published  weekly  until  the  spring  of  1853, 
When  it  also  appeared  as  a  daily;  the  Tribune  being  still  issued 
tli  rice  weekly.  Both  the  Tribune  and  Mirror  were  whig  in  poli- 
tics ;  the  former  having  free-soil  proclivities,  and  the  latter  repre- 
senting the  conservative  element  of  the  party. 

Mr.  Cobb  became  associated  with  Mr.  Haines  in  March,  1855. 
On  the  first  day  of  June,  the  same  year,  Mr.  Haines  of  the  Mirror 
and  Mr.  Ross  of  the  Tribune  disposed  of  their  respective  inter- 
ests to  Charles  Cobb  and  George  A.  Kimball.  The  two  papers 
Were  now  consolidated ;  the  name  of  the  Tribune  being  retained 
for  both  weekly  and  daily  issues.  Cobb  and  Kimball's  proprietor- 
ship was  of  short  duration,  being  just  three  months.  On  the  first 
day  of  September  the  office  was  sold  and  possession  given  to  the 
Tribune  Association. 

Political  as  well  as  pecuniary  considerations  had  something  to 
do  with  these  various  changes.  The  repeal  of  the  'Missouri  Com- 
promise,' and  the  consequent  attempt  to  establish  slavery  in  Kan- 
sas, worked  thorough  disintegration  of  the  old  Democratic  and 
Whig  parties,  and  finally  resulted  in  establishing  the  dominance 
of  the  republican  party.  Neither  Ross  nor  Haines  liked  the 
idea  of  continuing  in  the  business  and  making  a  paper  to  conform 
to  the  changed  political  situation,  after  each  had  so  long  and  so 
earnestly  fought  under  the  Whig  banner. 

Having  disposed  of  their  newspaper  interests  in  Bath,  Mr. 
Ross  went  to  Kansas,  engaged  in  the  lumber  business,  and  was 
meeting  with  a  fair  degree  of  success,  when  his  mill  and  lumber 
were  swept  away  by  fire.  His  friends  in  Bath  assisted  him  to  be- 
gin again,  but  he  died  within  the  year. 

Mr.  Haines  remained  in  Bath  and  took  the  position  of  foreman 

'.Mr.  Wing,  a   few  years   later,  was   burned   to   death   on   the    Steamer  Ocean ; 

the  accident  being  occasioned  by  collision  with  one  of  the  English  Mail  Steamers  in 

Boston  Harbor  in  1851. 

t  See  Appendix. 
■  >■> 


17n  TH  i:   N  E  w  -   PRESS  "I    MAINE. 

fin- the  Triburj      \        iation,  which  he  held  •  tnd  a  half. 

and  then  went  t<>  ( California. 

THE  TRIB1  RE    ISSO  IA 

i  number  emeu  —  Straight  Whigs  they 

delighted  to  call  thi  —-who  put  into  th<  n   an  actual 

paid  u|»  capita]  I;  a  Bum  which  at  that  time  was  buj  •        I 

to  be  ample  for  the  purpose  of  making  a  tir>t  class  local  paper, 
both  weekly  and  daily.     No  member  of  elation  had  a 

practical  acquaintance  with  the  business,  either  as  publial 
editor;  th<ir  prime  objed  in  the  undertaking  being  t<>  <_r:»in  j-<»liti- 
cal  advantage,  and  in  this  they  were  for  a  tim<-  eminently 

sful. 

As  has  been  stated,  ti      \  med  the  publication  of 

die  daily  and  weekly  Tribune  on  the  first  day  of  September,  1855, 
jusl  two  wick-  before  the  close!)  1  State  election  "t"  thai 

year.    The  politics  of  the  Tribune  were  changed,  just  at  thai  im- 
portanl  crisis,  from  an  earnesl   advocacy  of  republican  ]•<>' 
an  equally  earnesl  Bupporl  of  the  Whig  party,  and  <>f  its  alliance 
with  the  Democratic  party.    The  Lincoln  senatorial  district  was 
then  entitled  t<>  four  Senators,  whose  election  rmined  by 

one  <-r  two  hundred  votes.  The  change  in  the  j">liti-'>  of  the 
Tribune,  it  cannol  1»'  doubted,  decided  the  senatorial  election  in 
favor  of  the  allied  Whig  and  Democratic  candidates,  thus  secur- 
ing the  election,  by  the  Legislature,  of  Samuel  W.  I  i  rnor 
of  the  State. 

Financially,  the  success  of  the  Tribune  while  under  the  man- 
agement of  the  Association  was  by  no  means  < imensurate  with 

the  means  employed.     R.  R.  Baines  was  engag  oeral  fore- 

man, with  D.Garland  and  S.Drake  as  foremen  respectiv< 
the  newspaper  and  j"l>  departments.    Tl  excellent  nun 

for  the  positions  assigned,  and  they  were  supported  bj  a  Btrong 
of  subordinates,  male  and  female.     Wm.  II.  Whitman  was 
employed  as  business  manager,  and  whatever  hi>  qualifications  for 
thai  post,  it  i-  '-,  rtain  he  'li-l  aol  manage  t<>  make  the  exp  riment 
\  ition  a  pecuniary  buco 

Mix  rt  (i    I  Brunswick  Telegraph,  was  in- 


SAGADAHOC    COUNTY.  17J 

stalled  as  editor;  and  it  must  be  said  of  him  that  no  person  has 
ever  occupied  the  editorial  chair  in  Bath  who  had  a  greater  de- 
gree of  general  fitness  for  that  position.  To  a  liberal  education 
and  a  mind  capable  of  close  reasoning  and  of  arriving  at  logical 
conclusions,  he  added  unwearied  industry  and  constant  applica- 
tion. 

With  such  an  array  of  professional  and  mechanical  talents,  the 
Association  not  unnaturally  looked  for  a  fair  dividend  on  their  in- 
vestment. But  although  a  paper  of  a  higher  class  than  was  ever 
before  issued  in  Bath  —  one,  too,  which  has  not  since  been  ex- 
celled, if  indeed  it  has  been  equalled  —  still  the  income  was  so 
far  from  giving  it  support  that  within  the  second  year  the  stock- 
holders were  assessed  100  per  cent,  on  each  share. 

The  questions  of  the  day  having  become  settled  adversely  — 
and  very  emphatically  so  —  to  the  politics  of  the  Tribune,  the 
stockholders  made  but  a  slight  response  to  the  assessment  just 
mentioned.  With  them  it  had  been  a  political  venture,  one  that 
had  wholly  miscarried.  Their  cash  had  been  absorbed,  and  it  is 
not  to  be  wondered  at  that  in  such  case  their  interest  abated. 
Still  the  paper  struggled  on  a  few  months  longer,  being  very  ac- 
ceptably edited  by  Wm.  L.  Putnam,  Esq.,  then  a  young  college 
graduate  and  law  student ;  —  now  a  prominent  lawyer  in  Port- 
land, who  has  once  been  chosen  Mayor  of  that  city. 

Early  in  September,  1857,  the  Association  disposed  of  the 
Tribune  establishment,  at  a  very  low  price,  to  Eldridge  Roberts 
and  Elisha  Clarke,  who  continued  the  publication  of  the  daily  and 
weekly  Tribune  under  the  style  of  E.  Roberts  and  Co.,  Elisha 
Clarke,  editor.  They  at  the  same  time  made  purchase  of  the 
Eastern  Times  newspaper  establishment,  and  united  its  subscrip- 
tion list  with  that  of  the  Tribune,  calling  the  consolidated  paj)er 

NORTHERN  TRIBUNE  AND  EASTERN  TIMES. 

The  politics  of  the  paper  under  E.  Roberts  and  Co.  were  of  a 
Democratic  cast,  while  the  community  in  which  it  was  located 
was  Republican,  more  than  two  to  one.  Of  course  the  publishers 
found  that  money  was  coined  in  the  business  somewhat  slowly. 

September  8, 1857,  John  T.  Oilman  started  the  People's  Organ, 


172  ™  E   N  EWS   PRESS  01    MAIN  E. 

a  -mall  tri-weekly  and  weekly  paper,  Democratic  in  politics, 
and  an  active  rival  of  the  Tribune.  The  rivalry,  how<  rer,  was 
brought  to  a  close  in  a  few  months  by  tin-  Tribune  es- 

tablishmenl  to  Mr.  Oilman,  who  joined  t'»  it  that  of  tin-  Organ.* 
Perhaps  no  editor  in  Hath  was  ever  more  popular  than  Mr. 
Oilman,  though  we  think  nol  d  affluent 

writer,  sharp  and  racy,  <piick  at  a  retort,  and  pungent  in  his 
thrusts  which  were  as  often  aimed  at  his  political  friends  as  his 
opponents.     A-  to  the  truth  of  his  statements,  it  was  not  a) 

to  find  a  voucher.  He  gave  an  earnest  Bupport  t<>  the  war 
against  the  rebellion  until  June,  lvo-j,  when  1m-  sold  tin-  offi 
Jas.  ML  Lincoln,  publisher  of  the  American  Sentinel.  As  this  was 
the  last  newspaper  consolidation  that  has  taken  place  in  Bath,  it 
is  proper  to  go  hack  and  bring  forward  an  account  of  two  impor- 
tant branches  of  what  i-  being  considered  as  'he  main  line; a  third 
one  —  the  Mirror  —  having  been  already  noticed.  The  first  to  be 
mentioned  is  the 

MAIM;  ENQI  tRER. 

From  the  time  that  the  old  Maine  Enquirer  was  united  with 
the  < la/.. itte  to  May,  l v  l-j,  the  Democratic  party  in  Bath  had  no 
paper  to  advocate  its  principles.  En  this  year,  however,  John  J. 
Ramsey  commenced  the  publication  of  the  Maine  Enquirer, — :i 
change  of  a  single  letter  from  the  name  of  a  former  publication, 
and  which  was  Bupposed  sufficient  to  evade  the  rights  of  Mr. 
Clarke,  of  the  Telegraph,  as  purchaser  of  a  trade  mark.  Mr. 
Ramsey  published  the  paper  four  years  with  fair  success,  pecunia- 
rily, and  with  a  respectable  show  of  ability. 

i  the  adoption  of  the  Chicago  platform  in  I860  by  the  Republican  part] 
the  nomination  of  Abraham  Lincoln  for  the  Presidency,  Mi  Clara  iticing 

f  that  platform  with  that  on  which  be  had 

•   to  John  T.  Oilman,  editor  and  proprietor  of  the 

.  .in  oppoaiti  min  :  t"  r. 

tml\  the  riewa  of  the  Democratic  party, 

i  member  of  th<  '64,  and  ia 

now  Deputy  i  nil  Bath  bouac,  where  be  baa  held  offiee 


SAGADAHOC    COUNTY.  173 

In  the  spring  of  1846  John  T.  Gilman  became  associated  with 
Mr.  Ramsey,  and  the  name  of  the  paper  was  changed  to 

EASTERN  TIMES. 
In  November  of  the  same  year  Mr.  Gilman  purchased  the  entire 
establishment,  and  continued  the  publication  of  the  Times  some- 
thing over  a  year,  and  then  sold  to  Joseph  T.  Huston,  a  gentle- 
man who  had  spent  about  twelve  years  as  Professor  of  Mathe- 
matics in  the  U.  S.  Navy. 

On  March  7,  1850,  Mr.  Huston  sold  to  George  E.  Newman,  a 
practical  printer,  then  of  Boston,  but  formerly  of  Hallowell,  where 
he  had  been  associated  with  his  brother,  Thos.  W.  Newman,  in 
the  publication  of  the  Hallowell  Gazette.     Upon  assuming  the 
management  of  the  Times  Mr.  Newman  devoted  himself  largely 
to  the  reconstruction  and  rejuvenation  of  a  run-down  establish- 
ment, employing  as  assistants  in  the  political  department,  Fred  E. 
Shaw,  Esq.,*  now  editor  and  proprietor  of  the  Oxford  Democrat, 
and   Thos.  W.   Newman,  then   of  Hallowell..    The   paper  was 
strongly  identified  with  what  was  known  as  the  Hubbard  interest; 
always  persistently  advocating  the  doctrines  of  the  Democratic 
party,  as  set  forth  at  then-  convention  in  Portland  in  1849,  and 
subsequently  as  held  by  that  great  apostle  of  Democracy,  Stephen 
A.  Douglas.     Under  this  management  the  Eastern  Times  was  the 
first  Democratic  paper  in  the  State  to  rebuke  and  denounce  the 
bolters  at  the  Legislative  Caucus  for  the  nomination  of  a  candi- 
date for  the  U.  S.  Senate  upon  the  expiration  of  Mr.  Hamlin's 
first  term,  and  the  weight  of  its  influence  was  exerted  to  show  the 
justness,  the  fitness,  and  the  consistency  of  returning  that  gentle- 
man, which  was  done. 

Mr.  Newman  succeeded  in  greatly  improving  the  typographi- 
cal appearance  of  his  paper,  as  also  its  circulation  and  patronage, 
until  April  7,  1856,  when  he  sold  the  establishment  to  a  company 
of  gentlemen  formed  for  the  purpose.  They  installed,  as  editor, 
John  Abbott  (familiarly  known  as  "  Long  John  "),  who  occupied 
the  position  only  a  few  months,  the  editorial  management  then 
devolving  upon  different  members  of  the  company,  until  after  the 

"  Mr.  Shaw  had  been  some  months  with  Mr.  Huston  in  the  same  capacity. 


i;  |  T  ll  E    N  I.  u  S    I'  R  ESS  "I    M  A  l  \  I.. 

election  of  Mr.  Buchanan,  when  the  paper  was  left  to  run  alone 
while  the  stockholders  went  to  Washington  to  assist  the  P 
denl    in    filling  the    government    offices,   particularly   those   in 
the  latitude  of  Bath.    Two  young  ladies  were  employed  in  the 
office  as  compositors  in  the  mean  time,  and  for  six  months  i 

tors.     After  nearly  two  years  of  newspaper  experience,  at  a 
cost  of  several  thousand  dollars,  the  material  of  the  office  was  dis- 

:  of  to  Clark.'  and  Roberts,  then  publishers  <>t'  the  Northern 
Tribune. 

AMERICAN  SENTINEL. 

Who  that  was  old  enough  to  be  a  voter  at  the  time  does  not 
remember  that  most  singular  political  development,  styled  the 
Know  Nothing  movement,  which  swept  over  the  whole  country, 
taking  Maine  in  it-  course,  in  the  summer  of  1854.  The  American 
Sentinel  was  one  of  the  first,  if  not  the  very  first  paper  in  the 
State,  which  was  started  solely  as  an  organ  "t*  the  Enow  Nothing 
or  American  party. 

In  \^'i\  certain  gentlemen,  among  whom  were  Bon.  E. B. 
French,  Hon.  Aimer  Stetson,  Bon.  E.  \V.  Stetson  and  other  promi- 
nent individuals,  procured  the  necessary  materials  and  established 
a  weekly  paper  in  Damariscotta  village,  and  employed  Joseph  M. 
j,  then  a  young  graduate  <>t'  the  Eastern  Times  office,  in 
Bath,  a-  printer.     Hon.  Ezra  B.  French  was  editor,  and  the  name 

—  American  Sentinel  —  given  to  the   sheet,  at  that  time  wa-sup- 

1  to  l»e  a  sufficient  indication  of  it-  politics. 
A-  has  already  been  stated  in  the  account  of  the  Northern 
Tribune,  that  journal,  early  in  September,  L855,  was  sold  to  the 
Straight  Whigs,  and  the  Republicans  of  Bath  were  hit  without  a 

paper  to  advocate  their  \  ieu  -. 

N.  gotiations  were  at  once  commenced  for  the  purchase  of  the 
Sentinel  and  it-  removal  to  Bath.  A  Belf-appointed  commitl 
active  Republicans  took  hold  of  the  matter,  and  in  less  than  a 
week  the  press  and  materials  were  Bet  up  in  Bath,  and  volunteer 
compositors,  pressmen  and  editors  ■_:"'  oul  the  largest  edition  ever 
before  thai  time  issued  from  a  Bath  office.  Then-  was  a  wonder- 
ful lack  of  almost  everything  needful   for  getting  out   a  paper. 


SAGADAHOC    COUNTY.  175 

except  determination  on  the  part  of  those  engaged  in  it.  To  the 
writer  of  these  paragraphs  fell  the  duty  of  making  a  sheet  iron 
mold  for  casting  the  rollers;  a  job  very  easily  performed  so  far 
as  the  casting  was  concerned ;  but  the  pinch  was  to  get  the  rollers 
out  of  the  mold. 

In  two  or  three  weeks,  however,  the  "  office "  was  removed 
from  the  livery  stable  counting-room  to  Pierce's  Hall,  where  it 
was  amply  accommodated,  and  where  it  soon  became  well  estab- 
lished under  the  proprietorship  of  Mr.  James  M.  Lincoln,  who 
assumed  the  rights,  credits  and  liabilities  of  the  volunteer  pub- 
lishers. 

Previous  to  his  connection  with  the  Sentinel,  Mr.  Lincoln  had 
been  known  in  Bath  as  an  excellent  mechanic,  working  at  his 
trade  —  that  of  a  coppersmith  —  for  Messrs.  Mitchell  and  Low, 
and  at  the  same  time  as  an  earnest  advocate  of  the  cause  of  tem- 
perance. Before  coming  to  Bath  he  had  been  connected  with  the 
Native  American  party  in  Boston,  in  1852,  and  thus  very  naturally 
became  a  leader  in  the  "American"  movement  of  1854,  and  was 
by  that  party  chosen  that  year  to  represent  the  city  in  the  State 
Legislature,  and  was  by  no  means  the  least  influential  member  of 
that  body. 

Mr.  Lincoln  commenced  formally  as  publisher  of  the  Sentinel 
in  the  latter  part  of  September,  1854,  and  continued  until  his  death 
in  August,  1866.*     The  publishing  of  a  daily  paper  in  connection 

*From  a  Memoir  of  Mr.  James  M.  Lincoln  we  learn  that  he  was  born  in  Bos- 
ton, February  27,  1820.  He  was  the  son  of  Jared  and  Sila  Lincoln,  and  grandson  of 
Matthew  Lincoln  of  Hingham.  His  father,  a  man  of  vigorous  intellect  and  unbend- 
ing integrity,  still  survives,  in  his  eiglity-eighth  year.  His  mother,  a  woman  of  refine- 
ment and  culture,  with  a  sensitive  nature  ever  ready  to  heed  the  call  of  the  needy  and 
distressed,  was  called  to  her  heavenly  home  when  he  was  but  three  years  of  age.  In 
early  youth,  he  enjoyed  all  the  advantages  of  the  excellent  schools  of  Boston  ;  and  at 
the  age  of  thirteen  received  the  Franklin  Medal  —  a  token  of  the  highest  merit — at 
the  Mayhew  School. 

The  Editors  and  Publishers'  Association,  at  their  meeting  in  1866,  passed  this  reso- 
lution — "  That  in  the  sudden  death  of  our  brother,  James  M.  Lincoln,  our  Association 
has  lost  the  counsel  and  co-operation  of  a  good  man,  interested  in  all  which  concerns 
our  welfare,  and  the  progress  of  society  to  a  higher  civilization.  His  activities  were 
in  aid  of  the  public  good.  His  friends  all  felt  that  he  was  a  good  man  and  true,  and 
worthy  of  tin   highest  confidence." 


176  THE   N  EWS   PR  ESS  OF  MA  I  \  I. 

with  the  weekly  Sentinel  was  often  discussed,  l>nt  took  form  only 
through  the  exciting  ••  Freemont  and  freedom  "  campaign  of  1 v-  ,;. 
during  which  a  daily  Sentinel  was  issued,  which  will  not  Buffer  in 
comparison  with  other  papers  of  that  day  in  the  zeal,  spirit  and 
ability  it  displayed  in  maintaining  Republican  principles  and 
poli< 

While  publishing  the  Sentinel  Mr.  Line. .Id  was  three  years  in 
succession  chosen  Assistanl  Secretary,  and  the  three  succeeding 
years  Secretary,  of  the  Senate  of  Maine.  In  bis  absence  "ii  his 
official  <  1  u  t  i .  •  <  the  paper  was  under  the  editorial  supervision  <>f_Mr. 
CTpton,  the  present  proprietor  of  the  Daily  'Finn-.  .'  seph  M. 
-  was  foreman  in  the  office  of  the  Sentinel  from  the  com- 
mencement of  it-  publication  in  1854  to  October,  1868,  when  he 
entered  upon  the  office  <>f  Clerk  of  Coir 

In  1862  Mr.  Gilman,  publisher  of  the  Tribune  and  Daily 
Times,  finding  hi-  news  changed  by  the  logic  of  events,  and  him- 
self in  harmony  with  the  Republican  party  in  advooatinga 
rous  prosecution  of  the  war  for  the  maintenance  <<\  the  Union, 
proposed  the  sale  of  hi-  office  to  Mr.  Lincoln,  and  negotiations  t.» 
thi-  end  were  consummated  in  the  month  <>t*.Imie.  The  two  ..thee* 
were  consolidated  under  Mi-.  Lincoln; Mr.  Gilman  removing  to 
Portland,  where  he  was  at  once  installed  asjoinl  proprietor  and  edi- 
tor in  chief  of  the  daily  and  weekly  Pre--.  The  Sentinel  office  was 
removed  across  the  Btreet  into  the  office  given  up  by  Mr.  Gilman; 
the  name  American  Sentinel  supplanted  thai  of  Northern  Tribune 
on  the  consolidated  weekly,  while  the  name  of  the  Daily  Times 
was  changed  bj  Mr.  Lincoln  to  the  Daily  Sentinel  and  Tin 

Thus  it  is  seen  that,  with  one  or  two  nnimportanl  except 
the  American  Sentinel  of  to-. lav  i-  the  lineal  successor,  by  actual 
bucc<  Bsive  consolidations,  of  ever)  paper  that  ha-  been  published 
th.  There  has  been  no  break  in  the  line-  which  come  down 
from  the  Main.-  Gazette,  the  M  [nquirer,  the  Main.-  Enquirer, 
th.-  Line. -In  Telegraph, the  Eastern  Times,  th.'  Northern  Tribune, 
and  the  People's  <  >rgan.  All  have  converged  and  united, and  the 
subscribers  of  each  of  the  papers  have  been  served  t->  thi-  -lay 
without  interruption,  excepting  Buch  as  had  otherwise  directed. 


SAGADAHOC    COUNTY.  177 

'With  a  clear  field  to  occupy,  Mr.  Lincoln  had  a  fair  degree  of 
pecuniary  success,  and  continued  to  issue  the  Sentinel  and  the 
Daily  Sentinel  and  Times  until  his  death,  which  took  place,  as  al- 
ready stated,  Aug.  14,  1866.  Without  any  claim  to  brilliancy, 
and  with  a  repugnance  to  the  sensational,  he  gave  the  papers  a 
high  tone;  and  by  xmremitting  labor  and  straightforward  purpose 
on  liis  part,  they  maintained  a  respectable  standing  and  exerted  a 
positive  influence  in  giving  direction  to  public  opinion. 

Toward  the  last  of  July,  1866,  finding  himself  obliged  to  take 
a  vacation  on  account  of  failing  health,  Mr.  Lincoln  arranged  with 
Mr.  Cobb  to  carry  on  the  office  as  foreman,  with  Mr.  Hayes  to  as- 
sist in  looking  after  the  finances,  and  with  Mr.  Upton  to  attend  to 
the  editorial  department.  He  then  went  to  Farmington,  hoping 
in  that  beautiful  and  quiet  village  to  find  not  only  rest  from  ha- 
rassing and  wearisome  labors,  but  also  rebef  for  a  long  time 
troublesome  complaint.  Instead,  however,  of  finding  improved 
health  he  at  once  sank  under  disease,  and  a  medical  examination 
disclosed  that  what  he  had  been  considering  dyspepsia  was  really 
an  incurable  disease  of  the  stomach ;  an  opinion  which  his  death 
within  the  fortnight  seemed  to  verify. 

The  publication  of  the  papers  was  continued  by  the  widow  un- 
til the  first  day  of  the  following  December,  when  the  office  was 
sold  to  Elijah  Upton  and  Henry  A.  Shorey,  who  published  the 
daily  and  weekly  papers  until  Sept.,  1869.  Under  their  adminis- 
tration there  was  no  change  in  name  or  general  character  of  the 
papers.  In  the  last  named  year,  certain  parties  becoming  dissatis- 
fied with  the  paper,  both  for  its  outspoken  advocacy  of  tempe- 
rance and  for  its  equally  outspoken  opposition  to  the  re-nomination 
of  Gov.  Chamberlain,  induced  W.  E.  S.  Whitman  to  become  its 
purchaser.  He  put  a  new  dress  on  the  paper,  and  exhibited  not  a 
little  tact  in  editorial  management.  But  finding  the  business  very 
much  less  remunerative  than  he  had  been  led  to  expect,  after  a 
trial  of  thirteen  months  he  re-sold  the  office  to  Mr.  Upton,  who  is 
still  the  publisher. 
23 


•  7-  THE  rTEWS  PRESS  Ol    H  \  I  N  E. 

TE1  ESCOl  i 

In  1v:;7  a  small  sheet,  called  the  Telescope,  was  issued  by 
James  Nelson, which  survived  .- *  1  ► « ►  1 1 1  one  year.  Mr.  Nelson  grad- 
uated from  the  office  of  Mr.  Griffin  at  Brunswick.  He  is  now  a 
compositor  in  Houghton's  Riverside  printing-house  at  Cambridge, 

M  £8. 

SAG  IDAHOC  i:l  \  [EW. 

This  was  the  title  ofa  daily  and  weekly  paper  published  a  few 
months  in  1853,  or  near  that  time,  by  Joeiah  S.  Swift,  afterward 
publisher  of  the  Fanrrington  Chronicle. 

M  MM:  TEMPER  WT.   ADVOCATE. 

Id  the  winter  of  L869-T0,  Henry  A.  Shorey  commenced  pub- 
lishing a  weekly  paper  with  the  above  title,  in  the  interesl  of  t In- 
"third  party,"  or  the  political  party  of  that  time  which  made 
Temperance  and  a  more  stringenl  temperance  law  its  leading  is- 
iue.  A  trial  of  nine  months  proved  the  impracticability  of  the 
enterprise;  the  subscription  list  was  disposed  of  to  the  Riverside, 
and  Biaj.  Shorey  removed  to  Bridgton  and  established  the  Bridg- 
kon  News 


TITE 

# 
PRESS  OF  SOMERSET  COUNTY. 


BY    SAMUEL   L.   BOARDMAN. 


NORRIDGEWOCK, 


SOMERSET  JOURNAL. 
The  first  newspaper  printed  in  Somerset  county  was  issued  at 
Norridgewock,  May  15, 1823,  and  was  called  the  Somerset  Journal. 
It  was  published  by  Edes  and  Copeland  at  $2.00  per  annum.  The 
senior  member  of  this  firm  was  Geo.  Valentine  Edes,  who  was 
born  in  Boston,  Feb.  14,  1799.  He  served  his  time  principally 
with  his  uncle,  Peter  Edes,  at  Augusta.  Peter  Edes,  as  may  be 
well  known,  was  the  son  of  Benjamin  Edes,  of  the  firm  of 
Edes  and  Gill  of  Boston,  printers  to  the  General  Court  in  the 
stirring  times  preceding  the  Revolution,  and  the  publishers  of  the 
old  Boston  Gazette  and  County  Journal.  Peter,  who  at  the  time 
was  too  young  to  join  the  army,  but  still  old  enough  to  feel  as 
much  interest  in  the  events  of  the  day  as  the  most  active  soldier, 
was  taken  prisoner  by  the  British  at  the  battle  of  Bunker  Hill, 
and  confined  upon  bread  and  water  one  hundred  and  four  days. 
During  this  time  he  kept  a  minute  diary  which  presents  a  very 
interesting  picture  of  the  hardships  and  cruelties  to  which  our 
prisoners  were  subjected  by  the  British.  The  firm  of  Edes  and 
Copeland  was  dissolved  in  September,  1824.  Mr.  Copeland  pur- 
Ghasing  the  interest  of  his  partner  for  the  sum  of  four  hundred 
dollars.     After  dissolving  the  partnership,  Mr.  Edes  continued  te 


lg()  THE    N  E  w  9    I'll  E  38  01    M  \  I  N  E. 

prinl  the  paper  for  Mr.  Copeland  until  Deceml  Be  then 

went  into  trade,  continuing  in  the  business  two  or  tfa 
In  1839  he  established  the  Piscataquis  Herald  at  Dover,  and  is 
still  living  at  thai  place  publishing  the  same  paper,  under  the  firm 
ot'  Geo.  V.  Edei  and  Son,  the  name  having  been  changed  to  the 
Piscataquis  Observer.  Mr.  Edes  sel  the  first  typeeverset  in  IV- 
ii(»H&-i.t  county  ("ii  the  Bangor  Weekly  Register)  in  1816,  and 
the  first  in  Somersel  and  Piscataquis  counties  as  above  stated. 
Although  ii"\\  (1872)  in  his  73d  year,  he  still  work-  al  th. 
every  day,  and  sticks  the  smallesl  type  without  the  aid  ofgl 

Thomas  J.  Copeland,  the  junior  member  of  the  firm  of  I 
and  Copeland,  was  a  practical  printer,  and  served  his  apprentice- 
ship with  E.  <J lale  of  Hallowell,  on  the  old  Hallowel]  Gazette, 

as  early  as  1S17  '18.  During  the  time  he  published  the  Somersel 
Journal,  he  was  also  in  trade  al  Norridgewock,  and  gave  but  little 
persona]  attention  to  the  printing  of  the  paper.  1 1 « •  continued  its 
proprietor,  however,  until  June  7,  1837,  when  he  discontinued  its 
publication  and  advertised  the  establishment  for  sale.  In  this  an- 
nouncement he  says  —  "Feeling  as  we  do  the  importance  of 
having  a  Whig  paper  published  in  this  county  at  this  time  more 
than  in  an}  preceding  year,  we  regret  exceedingly  the  necessity 
of  discontinuing  the  Journal ;  bul  a- we  cannot  continue  it  with- 
out submitting  to  greal  inconvenience  for  oo  profit,  w  e  ha\  e  come 
to  the  conclusion  to  suspend  operations."  !!<•  also  Bays  —  "The 
paper  has  now  about  five  hundred  good  subscribers,  and  with  \  ery 
little  effort  the  number  might  easil)  be  increased  two  or  three 
hundred.''  Sir.  Copeland  Boon  found  a  purchaser  for  the  estab- 
lishment, removed  to  Calais  and  engaged  in  trade.  1 1  *  •  is  -till  re- 
Biding  in  that  citj  ;  has  held  several  responsible  local  offices,  and 
b<  i  ii  -<  \  oral  times  a  member  of  the  State  Legislature. 

Norridgewock,  being  the  shire  town,  was  naturally  the  head- 
quarters of  the  public  men  and  politicians,  and  in  L 828,  and  for 
man)   years  after,  was  the  chief  place  of  business  in  Somerset 

county.     It-  population  at    tin-  date  was  something  over  1. 

although  the  returns  -how  but  111  votes  polled  for  Governor. 
I'.n  main  \.  n-  after  the  establishment  of  the  Journal  there  were 


SOMERSET   COUNTY.  181 

only  two  northern  mails  a  week  at  Norridgewock ;  never  more 
until  1840.  The  mail  for  many  years  was  carried  on  horse- 
back between  Augusta  and  Norridgewock  by  Peter  Gilman  *  who 
was  the  first  mail  carrier  between  the  two  places,  and  his  arrival 
at  the  latter  place  was  always  duly  announced  by  the  blowing  of 
a  tin  horn.  At  that  time  Mark  S.  Blunt,  afterward  County  Treas- 
iu-er,  was  postmaster.    Mr.  Blunt  died  in  1866  at  the  age  of  80. 

The  Somerset  Journal  was  first  printed  in  the  third  story  of 
Preston's  brick  store,  opposite  the  Court  House.  This  building  is 
still  standing,  and  is  occupied  as  the  Probate  office  of  the  county. 
The  size  of  the  paper  when  first  started  was  13!  X  19  inches  per 
page,  five  columns  each.  It  was  printed  upon  what  was  then 
known  as  a  Ramage  press,  a  machine  of  American  manufacture. 
The  press,  as  well  as  the  material  of  all  kinds,  was  obtained  in 
Philadelphia.  The  paper  upon  which  it  was  printed  was  manufac- 
tured at  Gardiner,  and  cost  $2.00  per  ream,  delivered  at  the  office. 
The  Gardiner  mill  was  then  carried  on  by  Springer  and  Moore, 
and  was  the  only  paper  mill  in  the  State  at  that  time.  Previous 
to  this,  George  Savage  had  made  paper  at  Gardiner,  commencing 
about  1812  or  1813,  but  had  been  superseded  by  the  firm  of 
Savels  and  Cox.  George  Cox,  who  died  at  Vassalboro  in  1870  at 
the  age  of  84  years,  was  also  one  of  the  very  first  to  engage  in 
the  manufacture  of  paper  in  Maine. 

The  Somerset  Journal  was  established  as  a  neutral  paper,  but 
it  very  soon  espoused  the  cause  of  the  Whigs  and  became  the  or- 
gan of  the  Whig  party  in  that  section  of  the  State.  Mr.  Copeland 
always  performed  the  part  of  editor  until  he  sold  it  in  1837;  al- 

*  As  a  curiosity,  and  as  showing  the  limited  amount  of  mail  matter  carried  at  the 
time,  I  give  the  following  advertisement  from  the  Kennebec  Intelligencer  of  October 
20, 1798 :  — 

"  Stolen  from  the  horse  of  the  Subscriber,  on  the  evening  of  the  11th  Inst.,  at 
the  Post  office  Door  in  Augusta,  a  Pair  of  Saddle  Bags,  containing  a  red  Morroco 
Pocket  Book,  in  which  were  two  Letters,  one  directed  to  Gage  and  Vose,  the  other 
to  George  Crosby,  and  a  number  of  Notes  and  accounts,  and  an  execution  in  favor  of 
the  Subscriber.  Whoever  will  apprehend  the  Thief  and  give  Information,  so  that  the 
Property  may  be  recovered,  shall  receive  a  generous  reward. 

Peter  Gilman, 
October  14,  1798.  Post  Rider." 


182  Tm-    N  BWS   PRESS  01    M  MM. 

though  many  of  the  selections  were  made  by  Blr.  Bdes,  u  well  as 
l>y  the  compositors.  Among  tin-  writers  of  ite  political  articles 
were  William  Allen,  Esq.,  author  of  the  histories  of  Norridgewoek 
and  [ndostry,  now  living  in  the  former  town  in  hi*  92d  year; 
Bon.  David  Kidder,  a  native  of  Dresden,  representative  to  Con- 
gress from  1  v'J-i  to  1  v-7;  Hon.  John  8.  Tenney,a  native  of  Bj  Geld, 
Mi—.,  late  Chief  Justice  of  the  B.J.  Court  of  Maine,  deceased ; 
Dr.  James  Bates,  Representative  to  Congress  from  1831  to  1833, 
now  residing  in  Yarmouth;  and  other  prominent  politician-  of  the 
time.  It  i-  probable  thai  these  gentlemen  assisted, pecuniarily,  in 
the  publication  of  their  political  organ;  at  any  rate  Mr.  Allen  did, 
as  he  has  informed  me  thai  he  subscribed  for  several  copies  for 
friends,  assisted  in  procuring  subscribers,  and  advanced  money  for 
the  publisher  to  procure  paper,  without  interest. 

After  one  month's  suspension  the  Somerset  Journal  re-appeared 
July  5,  1837,  published  by  Henry  Paul  Pratt,*  who  i--u. .  1  it  as 
voL  rv.  number  6.  In  his  [ntroduotory  he  says : — a  As  hereto- 
fore, the  Journal  will  be  an  independent  publication,  purely  Re- 
publican in  its  principles,  the  unwavering  friend  of  the  people. 
\\  •  shall  endeavor  to  rise  above  mere  party  considerations  —  ap- 
prove the  right  wherever  found,  and  rebuke  the  wrong."  Mr. 
Pratl  had  served  his  time  with  Mr.  Copeland,  and  was  therefore 
practically  fitted  for  it-  publisher.     He  published  it  until  D< 

when  the  name  of  B.  1-'.  Dimock,  a  brother-in-hra  to  Mr. 
Pratt,  appeared  as  it-  publisher.  Now  Long  Mr.  Dimock  acted  as 
publisher  I  am  unable  to  Btate.  In  1848  the  name  of  the  paper 
was  changed  to  the  Workingman,  and  alter  a  few  months  it  was 

called  the 

\\<>|;M\(,\|  \\    \\|.  II  (i|  I  I    -  PR]  -- 

About  this  time  Mr.  Pratl  having  again  assumed  its  publica- 
tion in  his  own  came,  he  associated  with  himself  in  its  editorial 
management  William  I).  Gould,  a  native  of  Norridgewoek,  admit- 
ted to  the  Somerset  bar  in  1846.     Mr.  Gould  went  to  Australia  in 

■  where,  if  living,  he  is  -till  residing.  He  was  a  man  of 
genuine  native  ability,  and  a  writer  of  much  force. 

•  II.        I    I'riti  ii.ui  previcmalj  published    >  paper  in  Calaii  called  the  Boundary 

■    ■ 


SOMERSET    COUNTY.  183 

I  have  in  my  possession  files  of  this  paper  for  the  years 
1835-40.  It  was  a  well  printed  and  well  made  np  sheet,  with  ex- 
cellent selections  in  prose  and  verse,  bnt  containing  few  editorials 
and  but  very  little  local  news.  In  the  issue  for  April  2,  1839,  this 
motto  appears  at  its  heac\ —  "  In  those  tilings  which  are  essential 
let  there  be  unity ;  in  non-essentials,  liberty ;  and  in  all  things 
charity."  —  Augustin.  In  that  for  April  16,  the  following  is  placed 
as  a  motto  upon  its  inside,  in  addition  to  the  above — "Indig- 
nantly frowning  down  every  attempt  to  alienate  one  portion  of 
our  confederacy  from  the  other."  —  George  Washington.  The 
head  letter  was  a  shaded  German  text  with  the  seal  of  the  State 
in  the  center.  In  the  issue  for  May  21,  1840,  the  seal  was  substi- 
tuted for  a  log  cabin,  to  conform  to  the  sentiment  of  the  party 
concerning  Harrison  as  candidate  for  the  Presidency,  which  the 
Journal  warmly  advocated. 

Skowhegan  gaining  the  ascendancy  over  Norridgewock  as  a 
place  of  business,  it  afforded  a  wider  field  for  a  printer,  especially 
in  the  department  of  job-work,  and  in  1845  Mr.  Pratt  removed  his 
establishment  to  the  former  place,  occupying  Dyer's  building,  upon 
the  second  floor,  and  near  the  Skowhegan  Falls  bridge. 

Mr.  Pratt  was  a  zealous  Whig,  and  an  earnest  worker  for  the 
party.  I  judge  he  had  hard  work  to  keep  the  paper  running,  and 
probably  received  contributions  from  friends  of  the  party  to  aid  in 
printing  it.  It  was  always  engaged  in  a  war  of  words  with  its 
neighbor,  the  Democratic  Clarion,  and  many  were  the  personal 
squibs  that  appeared  in  the  columns  of  each.  Mr.  Pratt  was  an 
honest,  hard  working  man,  of  decided  ability.  He  worked  at  the 
case  himself,  and  always  set  his  editorials  without  writing  them. 
He  gained  from  his  party  the  office  of  County  Treasurer  for 
1851-52,  the  only  political  office  I  believe  that  he  ever  held. 

In  1852  Mr.  Pratt  sold  the  establishment  to  Messrs.  Brainard 
and  Downs  and  removed  to  St.  Paul,  Minnesota.  There  he  en- 
gaged in  printing  a  daily  paper,  and  after  a  short  time  died  of 
cholera.  A  son  of  his,  II.  Frank  Pratt,  is  still  engaged  in  the 
printing  business  in  that  State.  George  F.  Downs,  of  the  firm  of 
Brainard  and  Downs,  was  a  native  of  Mercer,  a  practical  printer, 


1-1 


l  11  I     NEWS  PRESS  OP  MAIN  E 


having  served  in  the  Clarion  < >tli< •<-  al  Skowhegan.  This  firm  pub- 
lished the  People's  Press  bul  a  few  months.  They  then  Bold  t<> 
Wm.  E.  Hilton,  who  after  publishing  it  one  year  removed  it  to 
Bangor,  changed  its  name,  and  from  thence  it-  history  ceases  t" 
be  connected  with  Somerset  county. 

DEMOCRATIC  SOMERSET  REP1  BLICAN. 

The  second  newspaper  established  in  Somereel  county  was  the 
Democratic  Somersel  Republican,  the  first  Dumber  of  which  was 
issued  at  NTorridgewock,  June  10,  ls.v.  It  was  owned  by  a  joint 
stock  company  of  twenty-four,  all  prominenl  Democrats  of  the 
county;  and  it  is  probable  they  were  Led  to  it-  establishment  from 
the  fear  of  Losing  power  as  a  party,  since  the  Whig  party  had  a 
press  in  its  own  interest  which  was  wielding  it-  silent  but  forcible 
influence  in  every  part  of  the  county.  Among  the  owners  of  the 
paper  \\  ere  Dr.  James  Bates,  Hon.  Drummond  Farnsworth,  Samuel 
Sylvester,  Joshua  Gould,  Sir.  Collins  and  Mr.  BlcFadden.  Dr. 
Bates  acted  as  editor,  and  I  have  been  informed  its  main  objecl 
was  to  secure  lii-  election  to  Congress.  It  also  supported  Gen. 
.lack-,  in  for  the  Presidency.  Dr.  Bates  was  elected  a  Representa- 
tive from  1881  t<>  1 883,  and  without  doubt  this  paper  had  much 
to  do  in  securing  his  election.  The  paper  was  firsl  printed  and 
published  for  the  proprietors  b)  Samuel  Homer  Noyes,  then  l>y 
[ncrease  A. lam-,  ami  afterward  bj  Geo.  V.  Edea  It-  circulation 
in  1881  was  aboul  four  hundred  copies,  [t  was  then  purchased 
bj  Asa  W'vman  and  Son  and  removed  to  Bfilburn —  now  Skow- 
hegan—  the  first  number  issued  in  thai  place  bearing  date  D 
12,  1881.  Asa  Wyman  was  afterward  our  ,.t'  the  County  Com- 
missioners for  Somersel  county,  and  a  highly  esteemed  citizen. 
He  died  in  1852.  A-a  N..  bod  of  Asa  Wyman,  edited  the  paper 
while  il  was  published  by  them.  In  1849  he  went  overland  to 
( 'alifoi  ni  i,  and  nr\  it  returned. 

^K<>\\  lll(.  \\    -I   MINI  1 

Wlit  n  the  paper  was  removed  to  Bfilburn  the  name  of  Skow- 
hegan Sentinel  was  added  to  it, and  it  appeared  a-  the  Skowhegan 
Sentinel  and  Somersel  Democratic  Republican.  Subsequently  the 
latter  part  of  this  name  was  abandoned.     It^  motto  at   this  time 


SOMERSET   COUNTY.  Jg5 

Was  —  "Principles  rather  than  men."  The  paper  was  published 
by  Asa  Wyman  and  son  until  Oct.  8, 1838,  when  it  was  purchased 
by  Moses  Littlefield  and  Jabez  D.  Hill.  Its  circulation  at  this 
time  was  nearly  700  copies.  Mr.  Littlefield  never  served  any 
regular  apprenticeship  at  printing,  but  was  originally  a  hatter, 
having  served  his  time  at  this  trade  in  Norridgewock.  After 
regular  hours'  work  at  his  trade,  he  would  go  into  the  printing 
office  at  that  place,  take  up  a  stick  and  go  to  work.  In  this  way 
he  acquired  whatever  knowledge  of  printing  he  ever  j)ossessed. 
Jabez  D.  Hill  was  a  native  of  York  county,  and  came  to  Milburn 
in  1831.  The  firm  of  Littlefield  and  Hill  was  dissolved  in  1840, 
and,  to  use  the  words  of  Mr.  Littlefield,  "  one  thousand  dollars 
had  been  sunk  during  the  two  years  they  had  published  the 
paper."  Mr.  Hill  then  assumed  the  responsibility  of  publishing  it 
alone,  which  he  did  for  six  months,  after  which  Mr.  Littlefield 
again  purchased  the  entire  establishment.  From  April,  1841,  to 
July  of  the  same  year  its  publication  ceased  ;  and  when  it  again 
appeared,  at  the  latter  date,  it  assumed  the  name  of 
DEMOCRATIC  CLARION. 

In  1856  F.  P.  Littlefield,  son  of  the  publisher,  was  admit- 
ted to  a  joint  proprietorship  in  this  paper.  Having  from  its 
commencement  been  an  advocate  of  the  Democratic  party,  and 
having  for  some  years  previously  abandoned  that  and  become  the 
organ  of  the  Republican  party  in.  Somerset  county,  the  name  of 
the  paper  was  changed,  June  18,  1857,  to  Republican  Clarion. 
In  June,  1865,  the  publication  of  the  paper  was  suspended  two 
weeks,"  in  order,"  said  the  publishers, "  to  give  all  hands  a  vacation." 
For  twenty  four  years  previous  to  this  time,  the  publishers  also 
stated,  an  accident  never  occurred  in  the  office  to  forms,  material, 
or  operatives,  —  from  no  cause  was  the  regular  weekly  issue  de- 
layed a  single  hour.  Its  circulation  at  this  date  had  reached 
eleven  hundred. 

In  August,  1867,  C.  A.  F.  Emery  purchased  the  interest  in 
the  paper  owned  by  F.  P.  Littlefield,  and  continued  his  connection 
with  Moses  Littlefield  until  February  1, 1868,  when  the  latter,  ad- 
monished by  failing  health  that  he  must  relinquish  the  business  in 
24 


[g£  Tli  I.    \  EWS    ri.  CSS  01    MAIN1 

which  he  had  acquired  competency  and  a  g 1  reputation 

journalist,  Bold  his  i 1 1  t . -i-« - ~t  in  the  newspaper  to  /.  A.  smith,  who 
had  published,  during  the  greater  pari  of  1866,  the  Hancock  Jour- 
nal at  Ellsworth.  Mr.  Littlefield,  how<  tained  his  interest  in 
the  job-printing  department  of  his  office,  which  h<-  continued  t-> 
carry  on  until  his  death,  August  19,  1868.     He  was  :v  man  of  in- 

,,  of  shrewd  business  character,  and  more  than  ordinary 
ability.  The  name  of  the  paper  was  ehanged  in  April,  lv 
Sohessei  Rspobtsb;  and  was  enlarged  in  size  July  20,  1869. 
In  June  1  v7".  Mr.  Emery  Bold  hie  part  to  Mr.  Smith,  and  the  latter, 
during  the  same  month,  disposed  of  a  half  interest  in  tin-  establish- 
ment to  A.  L  Brown.  Mr.  Smith,  having  accepted  a  position 
on  the  editorial  staff  of  the  Portland  Daily  Press,  sold  his  in- 
terest April  L9,  1871,  to  W.  K.  Moody, who  had  been  one  <>f 
the  publishers  <>f  the  Androscoggin  Herald  at  Mechanic  Falls. 
(  .  A.  F.  Emery  again  purchased  Mr.  Brown's  interest,  Jun»  16, 
L871.     August  25,  1871,  the  paper  appeared  in  quarto  form, eight 

.  size  "i'  printed  page  lv;-,  I2j  inches,  ti\<-  •-•  >tiiiriii^  t>>  the 
page,  with  tin'  motto,  ••  I '  -  and  Literature;  Truth  and  Jus- 
tice; for  the  Public  Good.*'     Published  by  Moody  and  Emery: 

\V.  K.  M 1\,  editor. 

1N\  BSTIGATOfi 

During  the  political  campaign  of  1844,  a  small  sheet  called  the 
Investigator,  supporting  the  measures  of  the  Democratic  party, 
was  published  at  Skowhegan  bj  Wm,  D.Gould.     It  was  printed 
\,\  Moses  Littlefield,  and  it^  publication  ceased  after  a  fi  «  « 
MANN'S    \Ml  i:h   \\  M1SI  ll  l  \\\    \\i>  l  Will  \    PHYSICIAN. 

In  December,  1M7,  I  >r.  Amos  AngierMann  commenced  the 
publication  of  a  paper,  at  the  then  little  village  of  South  Nor- 
ridgewock,  bearing   the   somewhal    pretentious   title   of  Mann's 

American  Miscellan)  and  Famil}  Physician,     [twasag i 

sheet,  well  made  op,  neatlj  printed  and  published  at  11.50  a 
year.  In  the  center  of  the  head  was  a  large  spread  eagle,  and 
in  a  scroll, underneath,  the  motto,  "Liberty,  Equality,  Fraternity." 
At  the  time  of  the  commencement  of  this  papt  r  it>  publisher  was 
enjoying  a  somewhal  extensive,  and  in  man)  sections  favorable 


SOMERSET    COUNTY.  lS7 

reputation  as  a  physician;  and  while  his  avowed  object  in  estab- 
lishing this  paper  was  to  "disseminate  liberal  principles,"  it  soon 
became  evident  that  it  was  mainly  to  keep  himself  before  the 
public  as  a  physician. 

His  first  venture  in  the  newspaper  business  was  discontinued 
at  the  close  of  its  first  volume.  In  May,  1849,  the  same  person 
commenced  the  publication  at  Skowhegan,  of  Mann's  Physician 
and  Down  East  Screamer.  I  have  been  unable  to  obtain  a  copy 
of  this  paper,  or  to  ascertain  anything  definite  in  regard  to  its  size, 
terms  or  length  of  time  published.  I  have  been  informed,  how- 
ever, that  it  was  not  issued  regularly.  It  occasioned  much  com- 
ment by  its  position  on  the  murder  of  Edward  Matthews  at  Wa- 
terville  in  the  autumn  of  1848,  for  which  Dr.  V.  P.  Coolidge  was 
tried  and  convicted,  the  incidents  of  which  are  still  fresh  in  the 
minds  of  most  readers.  It  will  be  remembered  that  the  public 
excitement  concerning  events  subsequent  to  the  conviction  and 
imprisonment  of  Dr.  Coolidge,  was  for  a  long  time  intense,  and 
entered  to  some  extent  into  the  political  campaign  of  1849. 
SOMERSET  SPECTATOR. 

The  first  number  of  the  Somerset  Spectator  —  the  first  paper 
published  in  North  Anson  —  was  issued  July  23,  1852.  The  ma- 
teriel used  in  furnishing  the  office  was  the  old  material  of  the  two 
papers  last  named.  I  have  before  me  a  copy  of  No.  29,  Vol.  1,  of 
this  paper :  Somerset  Spectator :  Devoted  to  the  True  Interests 
of  the  Country :  Published  every  Friday  at  $1.50  per  annum. 
At  the  editorial  head  is  the  following :  "fg^Will  our  exchanges 
who  have  heretofore  directed  to  American  Miscellany,  Skowhegan, 
change  direction  to  Somerset  Spectator,  North  Anson,  Maine." 
From  this  it  would  appear  that  the  Spectator  was  regarded  as  a 
sort  of  continuation  of  Dr.  Mann's  paper  formerly  published  at 
Skowhegan,  although  I  cannot  ascertain  when  or  how  long  it  was 
known  as  the  "  American  Miscellany."  The  Spectator  was  pub- 
lished by  Rodney  Collins,  Esq.,  although  his  name  does  not  appear 
in  the  imprint.  It  wras  a  seven  column  paper,  size  of  printed  page 
21  X  15  inches.     It  was  discontinued  with  No.  50  Vol.  4. 


]  gg  ri!  i.   \  r.  WS   PR  ES  -  OF   M  \  I  \  »'. . 

I  IRMER   \\i»  Ml'.'  II  \M<". 

In  the  winter  of  1852-3  a  small,  eighl  page  monthly  paper, 

was  published  .-it  Skowhegan  bj  I.  <  .  I  ►owning  and  Co  .  called  the 

Farmer  and  Mechanic.     It  was  issued  two  or  three  months  and 

discontinued. 

i  NIOB   \i»\u(  \n 

The  Brsl  Dumber  of  the  CTnion  Advocate  waa  issued  July  '-!:'>. 
1856,  al  North  Anson,  by  Albert  Moore.  It-  circulatioii  a1  the 
commencement  was  aboul  WO  copies,  and  it  was  started  mainly 
as  a  campaign  paper  in  the  interest  of  the  Democratic  party. 
Mr.  Moore  \\  rites  me  :  ■•  Winn  I  commenced  the  paper,  I  had  no 
thought  of  running  it  any  time  myself  bul  expected,  when  Surly 
started,  to  turn  it  over  to  some  one  acquainted  with  the  busini  n. 
I  had  never  written  a  line  for  a  paper  and  knew  nothing  of  tin- 
details  <it'  the  business;  but  I  could  find  do  one  to  take  it,  and 
was  forced  to  continue  il  myself  or  lei  it  die."  He  says  he  lost 
M'_;-lit  of  14,000  before  the  paper  began  t<>  pay.  This  will  give 
some  idea  of  the  cosl  of  publishing,  even  a  small  countrj  pa] 
and  at  the  same  time  it  evinces  a  persistenl  courage  by  do  means 
common  with  publishers  of  local  Dewspapers.  Mr.  Moore  con- 
tinued ><>!<•  manager  and  publisher  of  the  paper  fourteen  years, 
when  bis  son,  Ben.  Moore,  was  admitted  a  partner,  and  the  paper 
i-  now  published  bj  \.  Moore  and  Son,  al  11.50  per  year.  It  is 
a  >i\  column  paper,  size  of  printed  page  Is.'.  X  18 J  inches,  [ta 
regular  li-t  is  aboul  900  copies,  although  al  times —  probably  <lu- 
ring  political  campaigns — -it  has  reached  1,100.  Always  in  the 
interest  of  the  Democratic  party  it  has  also  been  a  firm  advocate 
for  the  true  local  interests  of  thai  section  of  the  countrj  where  it 
is  located. 

SOMERSET   n.i  i  t;i;  Mil. 

'I'ln  publication  of  the  Somersel  Telegraph  was  commenced  in 
\|>iil,  1857.  It  was  published  ever)  Fridaj  bj  .1.  1..  Patten,  Ar- 
oade  Building,  Madison  SL,  Sko\*  began,  under  the  editorial  super- 
vision "I'  M.  I>.  Hopkins.  Terms,  11.50.  EL  II.  Nlckerson, 
printer.  It-  head  letter  was  a  neat  German  text,  in  the  center  of 
which  u:^  a  cut  representing  a  hand  press,  a  case,  and  a  medallion 


SOMERSET  COUNTY.  189 

-of  "Gutenburg,  Fust,  Schoeffer."  It  was  "Devoted  to  Literature, 
Agriculture,  General  News,  etc."  It  was  a  neatly  printed  and  well 
made  up  paper,  size  of  printed  page  22|  X  16  inches.  Mr.  Patten, 
the  publisher,  was  not  a  practical  printer.  M.  R.  Hopkins,  the 
editor,*  was  a  brother-in-law  of  Mr.  Patten. 
SOMERSET  FARMER. 
The  name  of  Somerset  Telegraph  was  changed  to  Somerset 
Parmer,  April  10,  1861.  Slight  changes  in  the  mechanical  ap- 
pearance of  the  paper  also  took  place  at  the  same  time.  The 
greater  part  of  the  first  page  was  made  up  of  agricultural  selections. 
I  am  unable  to  state  the  exact  date  of  the  discontinuance  of  the 
Somerset  Farmer,  but  it  occurred  sometime  during  the  autumn  of 

1S65. 

FAIRFIELD  CHRONICLE. 

The  publication  of  the  Fairfield  Weekly  Chronicle  was  com- 
menced May  1, 1872,  at  the  village  of  Kendall's  Mills  in  Fairfield. 
The  paper  is  what  is  known  as  a  "  patent  outside  "  —  the  first  and 
fourth  pages  being  printed  in  New  York  or  Boston ;  the  second 
and  third,  devoted  to  local  matters,  general  news  and  home  adver- 
tisements, being  printed  at  the  office  of  publication.  It  is  an  eight 
column  paper,  with  the  motto  —  "  With  Malice  toward  none,  with 
•Charity  for  all,  with  firmness  in  the  Right  as  God  gives  us  to  see 
the  Right,  let  us  strive  to  finish  the  work  we  are  in."  Published 
by  the  Fairfield  Chronicle  Association,  at  $2.50  per  year.  George 
H.  Colby,  editor. 

*  Mr.  Hopkins  was  bom  in  Brunswick,  September  19, 1813.  His  parents  were 
Friends,  and  he  was  strictly  trained  in  the  peculiarities  of  their  faith.  Becoming 
converted  at  the  age  of  eighteen  he  united  with  the  Methodist  Church  ;  was  educated 
at  the  Wesleyan  Seminary  at  Kent's  Hill,  and  joined  the  Maine  Conference  ia  1840. 
At  different  times  he  was  located,  as  a  preacher  of  that  denomination,  at  Berwick, 
Richmond,  Orrington,  Hampden,  Oldtown,  and  Searsport.  Prostrated  with  hemor- 
rhage of  the  lungs  at  the  latter  place  in  1851,  the  attacks  continued  at  intervals  for 
some  years,  compelling  him  to  relinquish  preaching.  He  removed  to  Bloomfield, 
now  Skowhegan,  in  1854,  and  in  1858  was  elected  Register  of  Deeds  for  Somerset 
County.  This  office  he  held  until  his  death,  June  3,  1859.  He  held  several  local 
offices  of  trust,  was  an  able  preacher,  and  possessed  many  qualities  of  the  successful 
editor.  He  was  a  finished,  earnest,  candid  writer,  his  articles  possessing  more  than 
■average  merit. 


[90  THE    n  I.  w  S  PRESS  01    M  \l  N  B. 

I  believe  I  have  dow  given  Borne  account  of  every  newspaper 
that  has  been  published,  or  is  now  published  in  801  inty : 

a  t-ital  of  ten  Beparate  publications,  which  have  appeared  under 
nineteen  different  names,  and  of  which  but  three  exist  at  the 
present  time.  It  would  have  been  gratifying  could  I  have  given 
more  extended  personal  sketohee  of  publishers,  editors  and  con- 
tributors, bul  it  would  have  carried  thi>  paper  to  :i  greater  length 
than  Beemed  desirable  As  it  is,  I  cannot  lay  down  my  pen, 
without  making  mention  of  «>n<'  gentleman,  who  although  not 
connected  with  any  of  the  papers  which  I  have  enumerated,  yet 
for  nearly  ti>rty  years  was  a  constant  contributor  t<>  their  columns. 
I  refer  to  Dr.  John  S.  Lynde,  a  native  of  Guilford,  Yt.,  where  he 

was  born  September  L,  I7v\  and  a  graduate  of  the  W Istock 

Medical  College.  He  came  to  Norridgewock  in  lx-JT,  and  at 
once  identified  himself  with  the  history  of  the  place,  and  acquired 
and  retained  a  large  and  successful  practice.  He  possessed  an 
original  and  well  cultivated  mind,  was  a  deep  thinker,  a  constant 
student,  and  his  literary  and  scientific  attainments  were  of  a  high 

order.     He  was  a  ] t  of  no  low  order,  while  as  a  public  lecturer 

npon  agriculture  and  scientific  topics  he  was  well  known  through- 
out the  State.  l!i-  contributions  to  the  press  were  upon  histori- 
cal, scientific  and  political  subjects,  and  quite  often  poetical  pieces 
from  his  pen  graced  the  columns  of  local  and  state  papers,  He 
died  in  October,  1866,  at  the  age  of  seventy-eight 


THE 


PRESS  OF  KNOX  COUNTY. 


(HF  For   sketches  of  the   Press  in   Knox  county  we  are    indebted  to  Messrs. 
EDWIN  SPRAGUE  and  W.  H.  TWOMBLY. 


THOMASTON,  EAST  THOMASTON,  AND  ROCKLAND. 

THOMASTON  REGISTER. 
The  first  newspaper  published  in  what  is  now  Knox  County 
was  the  Thomaston  Register.  The  first  issue  was  on  the  17th  of 
May,  1825.  It  was  a  weekly,  and  published  in  Thomaston,  as  its 
name  indicates.  It  was  started  mainly  by  the  agency  of  Mr. 
Jonathan  Ruggles  and  his  friends,  who  entered  into  a  three  years' 
contract  with  Edwin  Moody,  of  Hallowell,  to  print  the  paper  for 
1500  a  year ;  Mr.  Ruggles  was  to  furnish  paper,  manage  the  edi- 
torial department,  and  have  the  income.  It  was  well  printed, 
ably  edited,  and  without  party  bias  until  the  approach  of  the 
Presidential  election  in  1828,  when,  under  the  editorial  charge  of 
Mr.  Cilley  who  was  killed  in  the  duel  with  Graves,  it  became  a 
warm  supporter  of  Jackson's  administration.  Mr.  Moody  sold  his 
interest  in  the  establishment  in  September,  1831,  to  Abner 
Knowles,  and  removed  to  New  Hampshire.  The  paper  was  con- 
tinued by  him  under  the  name  of  the  Independent  Journal,  and 
printed  by  Win.  S.  Tyler,  assisted  by  II.  P.  Coombs,  until  the 
spring  of  1832,  when  the  establishment  was  sold  out  to  George 
W.  Nichols  and  brother.  Mr.  Ruggles,  who  started  it,  has  since 
been  a  member  of  the  Supreme  Bench,  and  State  Senator,  and  is 
still  living  at  Thomaston. 


192  TH  I.   R  BW  -   II.  ESS  "l-   M  HUE 

\  \ tion  \\.    Kl'.l'i  BLICAJt 

This  paper  was  started  in  Thomaston,  October,  1882,  afl  the 
organ  <>f  the  Wnig  party.  It  wasprinted  by  John  Ramsay  and 
.-.lit.-, |  by  Wm.  J.  Forley.  After  a  fewyi  ra  Ramsay  removed 
his  paper  to  what  is  no*  Rockland,  then  called  Easl  Thomaston, 
n  here  it  was  discontinued,  or  merged  in  the  Thom  is  ron  Rkpi  b- 
i  i,  w  In  1837  the  two  political  papers  having  become  extinct, 
Eezekiah  P.  Coombfl  commenced  the  publication  «-t':i  paper  bound 
to  ii"  party.  The  firsl  number  was  issued  August  23.  Mr. 
Coombs  was  printer  and  publisher.  EL  Prince,  jr.,  was  editor  the 
first  year.  In  1846,  October  1,  its  existence  terminated.  It  was 
afterward  revived  by  D.  J.  Starrett,  under  the  name  of  fin  u:  uro 
I.' i ..  obdsb,  but  was  discontinued  in  Is  1-. 

THOM  \>T<>\  Kl.l'i  BLK   kN 

In  January,  1839,  appeared  the  first  number  of  a  paper  called 
the  Thomaston  Republican,  .-it  whal  is  now  Rockland,  It  was 
Whig  in  politics,  and  was  published  by  R.  B.  CaldwelL  In  L841 
it  w;i-  removed  to  Wiscasset. 

lax   KIWI'    '■  \/l    III 

On  the  22d  of  January,  1846,  a1  Easl  Thomaston,  now  Rock- 
land, began  the  publication  of  the  Limb  1  i<  >•  k  Gazbttb,  sinoe 
ohanged  to  Rockland  Gasette,  It  was  published  at  first  by  Lewis 
Richardson  and  John  Porter.  In  August,  Is  17.  Richardson  with- 
drew,  and  Porter  published  it  alone  until  I860,  when  he  associated 
uitli  himself  as  publisher,  Greenleaf  Porter,  his  Bon,  who  died  in 
[866.  In  L866  Mr.  Porter  took  in  as  a  partner  B.  B.  Wortman, 
who  had  for  several  years  been  foreman  of  the  office,  and  the  pa* 
per  is  now  published  by  them.  It  claim-  to  be  independent  in 
politics.  It-  first  editor  was  James  Fogg,  who  continued  in  the 
position  till  the  autumn  of  1846.  He  was  raooeeded  by  Dr,  Al- 
bert shau  from  1M7  till  his  removal  to  Bath;  byM.  P.Williams 
toJanuarj  28,  I860;  bj  A.  D.  Nichols  from  January  81,  I860,  to 
February  26,  1858;  b]  Wakefield  <i.  Frye  from  February  26,  IS  t, 
,..  March  [9,  L857 ;  and  bj  Z.  Pope  Vose  from  March  in,  L867, 
who  is  the  present  editor. 


KNOX   COUNTY.  193 

LINCOLN  MISCELLANY. 

In  1850,  August  7th,  a  new  paper  under  the  name  of  Lincoln 
Miscellany  was  started  in  Thomaston  by  Win.  Corthell  and  Benj. 
A.  Swan.  It  was  neutral  in  politics,  and  devoted  to  literature, 
news,  and  general  information.  After  a  few  months  Swan  left, 
and  the  paper  was  continued  by  Corthell  till  the  close  of  August, 
1853.  It  was  then  sold  out  to  O'Brien  and  Co.,  and  the  Maine 
Sickle,  an  opponent  of  the  Maine  Liquor  Law,  and  an  organ  of 
what  was  then  styled  the  Wild  Cat  wing  of  the  Democratic  party, 
was  commenced  under  the  editorial  management  of  David 
O'Brien,  and  continued  until  March,  1854. 

THOMASTON  JOURNAL. 

On  the  9th  of  March,  1854,  another  paper  was  started  in 
Thomaston  by  C.  H.  Paine,  under  the  name  of  the  Thomaston 
Journal,  professedly  "neutral  in  nothing,"  "independent  on  all 
subjects."  It  was  continued  four  years,  when  it  changed  its  name 
to  Lincoln  Advertiser  and  became  a  Republican  paper,  with 
George  W.  White  as  editor.  In  October,  1859,  it  was  removed 
for  want  of  support  to  Damariscotta,  where  after  a  few  months  it 
was  discontinued. 

In  the  spring  of  1856  Warren  C.  Plummer  commenced  a  paper 
for  the  presidential  campaign,  called  the  Lincoln  Republican, 
which  was  printed  at  the  office  of  the  Thomaston  Journal,  but 
after  a  month  or  two  it  was  discontinued. 

DEMOCRAT  AND  FREE  PRESS. 

On  the  1st  of  November,  1855,  the  first  number  of  a  new  pa- 
per was  issued  in  Rockland  by  A.  and  E.  Sprague,  called  the 
United  States  Democrat.  It  was  a  political  paper,  devoted  to  the 
interests  of  the  Democratic  party.  In  1857  the  Maine  Free  Press, 
a  paper  published  at  Belfast,  was  united  with  the  Democrat,  and 
the  name  of  the  paper,  after  the  junction,  was  changed  to  Democrat 
and  Free  Press,  which  name  it  now  bears.  In  1861,  at  the  rapture 
which  took  place  in  the  Democratic  party  between  those  who  sup- 
ported and  those  who  opposed  the  war,  the  Democrat  and  Free 
Press  took  the  war  side  of  the  question,  joined  the  Republicans  in 

25 


[;,(  Til  f.  .\  EWS  PR  ESS  01    M  \  m  C 

sustaining  the  government)  and  Lb  now  the  recognized  organ  of 
the  Union  party  in  the  county  of  Knox.  It  has  always  been  pub- 
lished and  owned  by  A.  and  K.  Sprague;  has  :i  larger  circulafion 
than  any  other  weekly  published  in  the  counties  of  Knox  or  lin- 
eoln,  and  is  one  of  the  only  two  papers  of  all  those  started  in 
tli..-.-  counties  >i<:.t  ha-  sustained  itself  and  supported  tin-  publish- 
ers. rrii«-  publishers  arc  brothers,  the  elder  of  whom  has  been, 
and  is  the  editor,  and  the  younger  is  a  practical  printer  and  has 
always  superintended  the  printing  <>t"  the  paper.  Tin-  Free  Press 
passed  from  the  linn  of  A  and  K.  Sprague,  Jan.  1,  1861,  to  Edwin 
Sprague,  who  i-  now  editor  and  proprietor. 

Mn  TH'S  TEMPERANCE  I ISITOR 

In  February,  1860,  Mr.  Z.  P"|><-  Vose  commenced  the  publica- 
tion, at  Rockland,  of  the  Youth's  Temperance  Visitor,  with  the 
<h  -i'_rn  of  making  it  a  means  of  promoting  the  temperance  educa- 
tion of  the  young,  and  advancing  the  interests  of  juvenile  tem- 
perance organizations  throughout  the  country.  It  was  continued 
through  the  first  volume  and  was  received  with  much  favor  by 
many  leading  friends  of  the  cause,  hut  it*-  support  u.-i"  nevertheless 
inadequate.  A  second  volume  was  commenced,  but  finding  it 
impossible  to  obtain  a  sufficient  support  while  the  country  was  in 
tlir  midst  "f  the  ezcitemenl  attending  the  first  months  of  th< 
againsl  southern  rebellion,  the  paper  was  discontinued  a  tier  the 
issue  "i'  three  months,  and  it--  subscription  li-t  transferred  t.» 
another  publication.  The  publication  of  the  Visitor  was  renew*  I 
h\  .Mr.  Vose  in  Beptember,  1862,  ami  has  been  successfully  con- 
tinued since  that  time.  The  first  volume  of  the  new  series  was 
begun  wi'li  a  subscription  1m  of  about  8,500,  hut  before  the  close 
of  the  volume  its  circulation  ha. I  increased  to  nearly  7,000  copies. 

The  presenl  circulation  of  the  Visitor  is  between  bflQQ  and  '.'. » 

copies.  It  circulates,  more  or  lees,  in  thirty  States  and  provinces, 
an. I  has  received  the  endorsement  of  the  National  and  Grand  Di- 
visions and  Lodges  of  the  Orders  of  Sons  of  Temperanoe  and 
<; I  Tcmplai  .  mi. I  of  man)  ol  the  leading  friends  of  the  tem- 
pi i  aiM 


KNOX   COUNTY.  'H>,r, 

The  Rockland  Gazette  has  changed  owners  twice  within  the 
year  1871.  The  firm  of  Wovtman  and  Porter  dissolved  a  few 
months  since ;  and  recently  Z.  Pope  Vose  and  John  B.  Porter 
have  purchased  it  and  formed  a  copartnership  under  the  style  of 
Vose  and  Porter. 

The  Youth's  Helper  and  Temperance  Visitor,  a  monthly  tem- 
perance and  child's  paper,  for  several  years  published  here  by 
Z,  Pope  Vose,  has  recently  been  removed  to  Portland. 

CAMDEK 

AMERICAN  CITIZEN. 

The  first  newspaper  published  in  Camden  was  the  American 
Citizen,  which  began  its  existence  May  13,  1840,  as  a  Democratic 
sheet.  After  a  brief  career  of  twenty  weeks,  it  expired  for  want 
of  patronage.  The  editor  and  proprietor  was  John  R.  Shaw,  a 
hatter  from  Winthrop,  who  subsequently  went  to  California. 
CAMDEN  ADVERTISER. 

In  1851  the  Camden  Advertiser  was  started  in  Camden  by 
F.  C.  Messinger,  where  it  was  published  for  nearly  a  year,  and 
then  removed  to  Rockland,  where  it  was  published  till  1854  under 
the  name  of  Commercial  Advertiser.  Mr.  Messinger,  after  discon- 
tinuing his  weekly,  published  for  a  short  time  a  small  tri-weekly, 
but  sold  his  office  in  1855  to  A.  and  E.  Sprague,  and  moved  to 
Oshkosh,  Wis.,  where  he  again  engaged  in  the  newspaper  printing 
business.  In  1852  he  published  a  campaign  paper  called  the  Pine 
Tree  State,  which  was  under  the  patronage  and  editorial  control 
of  Hon.  E.  K.  Smart.  It  was  discontinued  after  the  election  in 
November. 

Note.    The  name  of  the  paper  printed  and  published  by  H.  P.  Coombs,  men- 
tioned on  page  192,  was  the  Thomaston  Recorder. 


PRESS  OF  FRANKUffl   COUNT? 


\:\     J.  S.  SWIFT. 


r  \i:m  i  x  G  TON 


The  historj  of  the  Pr<  —  in  Franklin  Count)  lays  claim  to  do 
greal  antiquity  for  the  date  of  its  origin.  At  the  time  when  the 
battle  of  Bunker  Hill  was  fought,  the  firel  exploring  party  that 
\  isited  the  ealley  of  the  Sandy  River  with  a  vie*  to  future  settle- 
ment, was  examining  the  unbroken  wilds  of  the  primeval  forest 
which  covered  its  extensive  intervals.  Subsequently  the  region 
wae  settled  b)  an  enterprising  and  intelligent  community,  largely 
made  up  of  emigrants  from  Massachusetts  :  but  the  territory  re- 
mained a  pari  of  Kennebec  County  until  1 889 ;  and  its  inhabitants, 
supplied  with  their  periodical  literature  and  school-books 
from  Hall. -well  and  Augusta  -long  their  marts  of  trade  —  little 
encouragemenl  was  presented  for  the  introduction  of  a  printing 
press. 

The  firel  attempt  to  establish  a  printing  press  within  the  ter- 
ritorial limits  of  what  is  no\t  Franklin  Count)  was  made  in  1882 
b)  W.  A.  Dunn,  who  started  a  woekl)  paper  at  Farmington,  called 

the 

SAND1    l;i\  it:  J  i  "M  vv 

It  was  offered  a1  two  dollars  a  year,    -was  indifferentl)  printed  on 

!;  press,  and  probably  never  circulated,  weekly,  more  than 

three  hundred  copies.     It   lacked  a  competent   editor,  and  was 

overburdened  with  tho  communications  of  literar)  aspirants;  but 


FRANKLIN   COUNTY.  197 

its  selections,  especially  in  regard  to  rural  affairs,  rendered  it  more 
satisfactory  to  its  patrons,  than  was  the  remuneration  it  offered  to 
its  publisher.  The  Sandy  River  Yeoman  struggled  through  one 
year,  when  the  enterprise  was  abandoned. 

No  efforts  were  subsequently  made  to  introduce  another  press 
until  1840,  when  the  County  of  Franklin,  having  been  organized, 
and  Farming-ton  having  become  the  shire  town,  the  first  perma- 
nently successful  attempt  was  made  to  establish  a  press  in  that 
town  by  the  writer  of  this  sketch.  His  boyhood  had  been  spent 
on  a  lonely  promontory  on  Sebascodiggin  Island  —  the  largest 
island  in  Casco  Bay,  and  a  part  of  the  town  of  Harpswell,  and  con- 
nected with  Brunswick  by  a  bridge.  There,  almost  isolated  front 
the  world,  he  early  became  passionately  fond  of  books.  Though 
poverty  threw  serious  obstacles  in  the  way  of  the  gratification  of 
his  all-absorbing  literary  appetite,  he  managed  to  introduce  him- 
self to  the  printing  offices  in  Bath  and  Brunswick,  where  he  gained 
access  to  exchange  papers  for  a  trifling  consideration,  which  his 
juvenile  perquisites  enabled  hini  to  make.  The  growing  literary 
ambition  of  the  boy  at  length  prompted  him  to  procure  a  small 
font  of  worn-out  Brevier  type,  which  had  been  thrown  into  pi  in 
the  office  of  the  Bath  Maine  Inquirer.  This  he  sorted  out,  laid  in 
a  case  of  his  own  construction,  and  having  made  a  wooden  chase, 
some  tin  rules,  and  cut  a  head  on  a  block  of  wood,  he  printed  a 
seven-by-nine  weekly  paper  on  an  old  cheese  press.  The  paper 
was  called  the  Banner,  and  during  its  life  of  some  six  months  ex- 
cited the  curiosity  and  comments  of  the  periodical  press  far  and 
wide.  The  Harpswell  boy  printer  and  editor  received  the  patron- 
age and  encouragement  of  many  of  the  literati  of  Bath  and  Bruns- 
wick, who  helped  him  bj;  the  loan  of  books.  The  late  John 
McKeen,  Esq.,  became  a  regular  correspondent  of  the  Harpswell 
Banner ;  and  the  file,  now  in  the  writer's  possession,  contains 
valuable  results  of  his  historical  and  antiquarian  researches.  This 
boy's  play  initiated  the  young  man  bo  far  into  the  mysteries  of  the 
typographic  art  as  to  induce  Mr.  John  Harris,  who  had  become 
proprietor  of  the  Bath  Inquirer,  t<>  hire  him  as  an  assistant  in  his 
office,  where  he  remained  till  his  -J  1st  birth  day;  when,  by  the  as- 


198  'I"  E  NEWS  J  OP  MAINE 

Butanoe  of  friends,  he  purchased  the  claims  and  succeeded  to  the 
business  of  hi<  employer.  After  publishing  the  Enquirer  two  j  ears 
he  was  compelled,  by  reason  of  failing  health,  t"  dispose  of  ma  in- 
to Eliaha  Clark,  Esq.  After  spending  some  yean  in  agri- 
cultural pursuit  "in  his  health,  he  removed  t<>  Franklin 
county,  and  in  February,  1840,  again  connected  himself  with  the 
press  bj  starting  at  Farmington  the 

1  l;  Wkl.lN  REGISTER. 

Tin  Etegister  soon  worked  itself  into  a  fair  share  of  popular 
favor  and  obtained  an  individuality  chiefly  through  ii>  condensed 
sketches  of  the  desultory  reading  <>t'  its  publisher  in  early  life. 
At  the  end  < >t" tin-  firsl  year  pecuniary  considerations  induced  him 
to  ass x-i.ii t>  himself  with  John  F.  Sprague,  \\  h<>  had  been  an  assis- 
tant in  his  office.  Swift  and  Sprague  continued  to  publish  the 
Etegister  until  tin-  close  of  the  fourth  volume,  when  the  Benior 
publisher  purchased  the  whole  of  the  establishment  and  suspended 
tin-  Etegister  —  which  had  been  run  a-  a  political  paper  —  ami 
Btarted  in  i t <  place  an  independent  paper,  which  has  ever  sinoej 
though  under  several  different  publishers,  borne  the  name  of 

CHRONICLE 

Mr.  Swift  continued  the  sole  publisher  of  this  paper  until  1847, 
when  he  relinquished  the  printing  ami  publishing  department  t<> 
his  former  partner,  .Mr.  Sprague,  and  for  several  yen--  •!■  . 
himself  ohiefly  t"  the  meohanioal  details  of  the  typographic  art 
in  Portland,  Bath,  and  Boston.  In  1854  he  again  succeeded  Mr. 
Sprague,  and  -"mi  after  associated  himself  with  Lucien  N.  Presoott, 
to  whom  In'  subsequently  relinquished  the  whole  business.  Mr. 
lYc-roii,  for  several  years  edited,  printed  and  published  the 
Chronicle;  and,  while  under  his  control,  political  considerations 
introduced  a  competitive  press  into  Farmington.     In   ls>s  the 

I  i:  \\ki  l\    PATR] 

a   Democratic  paper,  was  established  in  Farmington  '      M 
Pillsbary  and  Stetson,  and  printed  at    Lewiston  for  some  two 
,  ami   afterwards  at    Farmington   bj   J.   W.  Swift.*    The 

I  ('it     i  "tiinn  in  i-iiU'U'  AtMP 


FRANKLIJM   COUNTY.  199 

Patriot  was  well  supported  until  near  the  close  of  the  war  of  the 
rebellion.  Its  printer  introduced  an  extensive  job-printing  estab- 
lishment, and  managed  it  with  so  much  mechanical  ability  as  to 
secure  patronage  to  a  considerable  extent  beyond  the  limits  of  the 
county.  In  1861  while  the  Patriot  was  in  the  most  successful  part 
of  its  career,  and  the  Chronicle  was  published  by  Mr.  Prescott, 
then  postmaster  at  Farmington  —  and  printed  in  connection  with 
a  job-office  by  B.  A.  Swan  —  the  originator  of  the  Chronicle  again 
entered  the  field  and  established  the  third  printing  office  in  Farm- 
ington.  He  started  the  County  Record,  as  an  independent, 
literary,  and  senii-religious  paper,  winch  was  received  with  so 
much  favor  as  to  induce  the  publisher  of  the  Chronicle  to  make 
overtures  for  the  nnion  of  the  two  papers,  which  overtures  were 
accepted,  and  the  Record  was  merged  in  the  Chronicle.  Prescott 
and  Swift  edited  the  Chronicle  for  some  three  years,  while  it  was 
printed  by  Mr.  Swift  and  his  youngest  son,  E.  Sprague  Swift. 

In  September,  1867,  Mr.  Swift  who  had  for  many  years,  sus- 
tained the  responsibilities  of  the  gospel  ministry,  retired  from  all 
connection  with  the  press  and  devoted  himself  exclusively  to  his 
ministerial  duties  and  rural  pursuits.  Mr.  Prescott  at  the  same 
time  disposed  of  his  interest  in  the  Chronicle,  and  Andrew  C. 
Phillips,  a  gentleman  of  the  legal  profession,  became  the  ])urchaser. 
Mr.  Phillips  engaged  competent  printers,  and  (the  Patriot  having 
been  suspended  before  Swift  and  Prescott  retired  from  the 
Chronicle)  continued  to  be  the  only  printer  and  publisher  in  the 
county  until  1869,  when  he  transferred  all  his  interests  to  A.  H. 
Davis.  The  Chronicle  now  (1872)  has  reached  its  27th  volume, 
and  is  edited  and  printed  by  Mr.  Davis.  It  is  now  the  only  pa- 
per published  in  the  county,  and  is  liberally  sustained. 

The  comparatively  young  county  of  Franklin  has  not  yet  be- 
come conspicuous  for  authorship,  though  a  considerable  amount  of 
pamphlet  literature  has  been  written  and  printed  within  its  limits. 
A  comparatively  large  number  of  young  men  and  young  ladies 
have  acquired  the  art  of  printing  in  the  Farmington  office,  and  sev- 
eral have  become  conspicuous  for  their  skill  in  other  States.  Per- 
haps tin.'  most  important  work,  originated  and  printed  in  Franklin 


•jiiD  '111  I.    \  I.  WS   I'l:  ESS  OF   MAIN  i: . 

county,  is  the  History  of  Farmington  by  the  late  Judge  Parker. 
Another  bound  volume  printed  in  Parmington  Lb  the  life  of  Rev. 
Howard  Window.  Besides  these  a  greal  Dumber  ofser us,  ad- 
dresses, and  catalogues  of  schools  and  academies  have  been 
printed  at  this  place. 

.maim:  NORMAL. 

Among  the  periodicals  printed  at  Parmington,  die  Maine 
Normal,  edited  by  Mr.  G.  M.<  rage,  principal  of  the  Normal  School, 
attained  a  high  reputation  for  literary  meril  and  mechanical  exe- 
cution. It  waa  printed  by  J.  \V.  Swift  one  year.  In  connection 
with  tlic  Franklin   Register,  a  small  agricultural  paper,  called  the 

SAND)    EOT  I  i:  PARMER, 

waa  printed  during  sis  months,  when  it  w:t>  merged  in  the 
Register.  A  small  paper,  issued  from  Mounl  Vernon  by  l«.  M. 
Mansur,  was  printed  in  one  of  the  Parmington  offices  for  some 
time.  The  Musk  \i.  Advxbtiseb,  issued  from  New  Sharon  by 
Mr.  Chase,  was  printed  in  the  Chronicle  office  one  year.  A  neat 
monthly  paper,  connected  with  the  Abbott  School,  was  printed  in 
the  Chronicle  "Hire  for  a  Bhorl  time. 

Within  the  presenl  years  well  furnished  book  and  job  office 
has  been  opened  at  Parmington  by  Mr.  David  rlnowlton. 


THE 


PRESS  OF  PISCATAQUIS  COUNTY. 


tn=For  the  following  facts  we  are  indebted  to  Mr.  G.  V.  EDES. 

DOVER. 

At  about  the  time  of  the  incorporation  of  Piscataquis  County 
in  1839,  Mr.  George  V.  Edes  —  whose  history  is  in  part  related 
in  connection  with  the  Press  of  Somerset  county  —  issued  propo- 
sals for  publishing  a  newspaper  at  Dover  in  said  county,  to  be 
neutral  in  politics.  The  prospectus  was  circulated  through  the 
county  ;  but  a  majority  of  the  people,  not  satisfied  with  a  neutral 
paper,  withheld  their  subscriptions.  Mr.  Edes,  however,  being 
determined  upon  a  fair  trial,  purchased  the  printing  apparatus  of 
a  man  who  had  been  employed  to  do  printing  for  Waterville 
College,  and  moved  the  estabhshment  to  Dover. 

The  Whigs  in  this  county,  not  having  an  organ  to  play  for 
them  during  the  Presidential  campaign,  proposed  that  if  Mr.  Edes 
would  abandon  the  idea  of  neutrality  they  woidd  procure  sub- 
scribers for  his  paper  and  render  him  other  assistance  which  he 
greatly  needed.  Their  promise  was  fulfilled  honorably.  They 
procured  over  500  subscribers  for  the  paper,  and  the  first  number 
was  issued  June  1,  1838,  under  the  name  of 

PISCATAQUIS  HERALD. 

This  paper  advocated  the  election  of  Gen.  Harrison  to  the 
Presidency,  and  it  is  said,  was  the  first  paper  in  the  United  States 
that  nominated  him  tor  that  ofiice.     At  the  time  of  the  disruption 


202  THE    \  EW  S   PRESS  01   MAIN  E 

of  tlir  Whig  party,  the  editor  joined  the  wing  thai  assumed  the 
name  of  Republican,  and  has  remained  with  that  party  until  this 
day. 

Tlic  Democratic  party,  not  liking  tin-  idea  of  being  without  .1 
paper  attached  to  their  interests,  issued  a  prospectus  tin-  a  Demo- 
cratic paper  t>>  be  printed  at  Dover,  which  would  Bhave  a  great 
influence  in  promoting  the  cause  of  truth  and  elevating  democrats 
t<>  oilier."  Their  prospectus  was  issued  a  shorl  time  after  that  of 
the  Herald.    The  Brsl  Dumber  of  this  paper,  called  the 

DEMO)  I:  kTIC    Kl.l'i  BLICAN, 

made  it-  appearance  in  July,  under  the  came  of  Samuel  II.  Davee 
as  publisher,  and  Geo.  W.  MoFarland  as  editor.  The  establish- 
menl  was  o'w  aed  by  a  company  \\  bo  Buffered  loss  by  the  com  em. 
The  paper  was  published  but  our  year,  and  the  materials  of  the 
office  were  afterwards  purchased  by  Mr.  ESdes. 

The  Herald  continued  to  be  printed  under  its  original  name 
until  the  year  1849  —  when  it  was  enlarged  to  a  aheel  :;v  X 24 and 
the  name  changed  to  thai  of 

PIS<   kTAQl  1-    OBSER^  KK. 

The  building  in  which  the  Herald  was  firsl  printed  is  dow 
standing,  and  is  owned  and  occupied  by  Chas.  K.  Kimball,  Esq., 
as  a  store  and  dwelling-house.  After  our  removal  from  it  the 
basemenl  was  occupied  by  the  proprietors  of  the  Republican 
during  the  existence  >>\' thai  paper. 

The  aewspaper  business  in  this  county  has  hardly  proved  hV 
Bclf  Belf-eustaining  —  bul  we  think  it  will  pay  in  a  short  time,  as 
the  facilities  here  are  now  much  greater  than  they  were ;  and  the} 
m  increasing. 


TIIE 


PRESS  OF  ANDROSCOGGIN  COUNTY. 


LEWISTON  JOURNAL. 


The  first  newspaper  published  within  the  limits  of  the  present 
county  of  Androscoggin  —  setting  aside  an  advertising  sheet  tem- 
porarily printed  elsewhere  —  was  the  Lewiston  Journal,  the  initial 
number  of  which  was  issued  at  Lewiston,  Friday,  May  21,  1847. 
It  was  published  by  Wm.  H.  Waldron,  a  printer  from  Dover, 
N.  H.,  and  Dr.  Alonzo  Garcelon,  since  well  known  as  an  eminent 
surgeon  and  physician  —  the  style  of  the  firm  being  William  H. 
Waldron  and  Co.  Dr.  F.  Lane  was  the  editor,  although  both  Dr. 
Garcelon  and  Mr.  Waldron  contributed  more  or  less  to  the  col- 
umns of  the  paper ;  Mr.  Waldron  had  the  entire  charge  of  the 
business  and  mechanical  department.  As  Dr.  Lane  severed  his 
editorial  connection  with  the  Journal  in  the  autumn  of  1847,  and 
Dr.  Garcelon  was  prevented  by  his  large  professional  and  other 
business  from  giving  much  attention  to  the  paper,  the  laboring  oar 
came  upon  Mr.  Waldron.  The  size  of  the  Journal  was  33  X  23 
inches,  and  it  was  printed  on  an  ordinary  hand  press  in  an  office 
in  a  wooden  building  on  Main  street,  which  stood  on  the  site  of 
what  is  now  Jones  Block. 

As  illustrating  the  changes  of  the  past  quarter  century,  it  may 
be  mentioned  that  the  late  Col.  William  Garcelon  went  to  Port- 
land with  a  team  and  brought  the  press  and  printing  materials  for 
the  Journal  to  Lewiston.     CoL  Garcelon  pulled  the  impression  for 


•_.,,!  'I'll  E    \  EWS   PR  ESS  or   MAIM  I".. 

the  firsl  copj  of  tin-  Journal  printed,  and  had  it  in  lii-  posa 
:it  the  time  of  lii^  death. 

A  i  the  i  in i'  'I"-  establishment  of  the  Journal  in  lv  17,  Lew- 
i-ton .Hi' I  Auburn  were  towni  of  but  little  more  than  two  thousand 
population  each.  TheWater  Power  Company  had  but  just  en- 
tered u| thedeveloj ml  of  the  extensive  water  power  at  Lew- 
i-ton Palls.  Androscoggin  county  •  1  i •  i  n<>t  then  exist,  the  Beveral 
towns  aow  composing  the  county  being  attached  t«»  four  different 
counties.  Lewiston,  Lisbon  and  Websterwere  in  Lincoln  county; 
Bast  Livermore,  Leeds,  Greene  and  Wales  in  Kennebec  county ; 
Livermore  and  Turner  in  Oxford  County ;  and  Auburn  (including 
Danville  since  annexed  to  Auburn),  Rlinot,  Poland  and  Durham 
were  in  Cumberland  county.  So  diverse  county  relations  inter- 
fered with  the  circulation  and  business  development  of  the  Jour- 
Dai.  In  tlir  winter  of  l^-'.l  the  new  county  of  Androscoggin  was 
established,  and  Lewiston  and  Auburn  made  a  political,  as  it  was 
previously,  :i  growing  business  center. 

The  Journal  pursued  the  even  tenor  of  it-  way  a-  a  local  and 
politically  neutral  newspaper,  with  Bcarcelj  more  than  Beven  hun- 
dred subscribers,  until  I860,  when  Dr.  Garcelon  severed  his  con- 
nection with  tin'  paper, and  .Mr.  Waldron  became  the  Bole  proprie- 
tor, publisher  and  editor.  During  ilii-  period  the  paper  devoted 
\ « tv  little  attention  to  political  topics,  and  gave  the  briefest  possi- 
ble summary  of  foreign  and  domestic  news.  To  local  news  was 
allotted  the  largesl  Bpace.  Its  columns  were  enriched  by  frequent 
contributions  from  the  pen  of  Rev.  James  Drummond,  then  pas- 
tor of  the  Congregational  church  in  Auburn  (known  at  that  time 
as  G«>flTs  Corner).  In  1850  '51  Jones  Block  was  erected,  and  the 
Journal  office  was  removed  to  the  third  storj  of  Garcelon's  build- 
constructed  in  connection  with  the  block. 

[n  1854  ■  ■.  durin  •  the  < ■  \ « i t i n •_:  controversy  over  tin'  Kansas 
\  •  wkn  question,  tin-  Journal  warml}  espoused  the  frei 
cause,  and  earnestly  BUpjKjrted  the  principles  of  the  Republican 
party,  then  just  organizing.  During  this  period  Prof  Win.  .M. 
Baker,  Principal  of  Lewiston  Palls  Academy,  and  Nelson  Dingley, 
jr.,  a  Senior  in   Dartmouth  College  (and   subsequently,  after  hia 


ANDROSCOGGIN    COUNTY.  205 

graduation  in  1855,  a  law  student  in  the  office  of  Morrill  and  Fes- 
senden),  contributed  largely  to  the  political  department  of  the 
paper. 

In  1855  the  Journal  office  was  removed  to  a  new  brick  build- 
ing on  Main  street,  erected  by  Mr.  Waldron,  and  for  the  first  time 
a  cheap  power  press  was  procured  on  which  to '  print  its  weekly 
edition  of  less  than  a  thousand.  At  this  time  the  advertising  and 
job-printing  patronage  of  the  establishment  were  unusually  good 
for  a  country  newspaper. 

In  September,  1856,  Nelson  Dingley,  jr.,  who  had  been  but  a 
month  or  two  before  admitted  to  the  bar,  after  studying  law  for 
one  year,  purchased  one-half  of  the  Journal,  and  it  was  published 
for  a  year  by  Messrs.  Waldron  and  Dingley  —  the  former  taking 
charge  of  the  mechanical,  and  the  latter  of  the  editorial  depart- 
ment. In  September,  1857,  Mr.  Dingley  purchased  Mr.  Waldron's 
half  interest  and  became  sole  proprietor,  publisher  and  editor. 
Under  Mr.  Dingley's  management  the  Journal  became  more  de- 
cidedly political,  and  was  recognized  as  one  of  the  leading  Repub- 
lican papers  of  the  State.  The  rapid  increase  of  the  circulation 
justified  an  enlargement  of  the  paper  in  1858,  and  again  in  1860. 

DAILY  EVENING  JOURNAL. 

On  the  20th  of  April,  1861,  one  week  after  Sumter  was  fired 
on,  the  first  number  of  the  Daily  Evening  Journal,  a  small  sheet 
I  only  25  X  10  inches,  was  issued  by  Mr.  Dingley,  and  gradually 
reached  a  large  circulation  for  an  interior  town.  In  1862  the 
Journal  establishment  was  removed  to  the  Journal  Block,  Lisbon 
street,  constructed  especially  for  the  business  of  the  paper.  In 
1863  Frank  L.  Dingley,  the  younger  brother  of  the  proprietor 
(who  had  beeta  an  editorial  assistant  on  the  Journal  since  his 
graduation  at  Bowdoin  College  in  1861),  became  interested  in 
the  ownership  of  the  paper,  which  was  henceforth  published  by 
the  two  brothers  under  the  style  of  Nelson  Dingley,  jr.,  and  Co. 

In  1864  the  Daily  Journal  was  enlarged,  and  in  1866  again  en- 
larged to  its  present  size  —  86  X  23  inches.  In  1866  the  Weekly 
Journal  was  enlarged  and  changed  from  the  foli©  to  the  quarto 
fomi ;  and  in  1868  again  enlarged  to  its  present  size  —  55  X  31  £ 


206  THE   N  E  WS   PRESS  01    MAIN] 

inches.  While  the  Journal  Lb  onoomprouusingly  Republican,  yet  it 
doee  qoI  devote  bo  mnch  attention  to  politics  as  to  prevent  giving 
a  eery  comprehensive  summary  of  State  and  Domeetio  news,  and 
considerable  space  to  agricultural  topics  and  general  reading  ti  >r 
the  family  circle.  The  Journal  has  a  very  large  circulation  for 
Maine;  and  aotwithstanding  a  large  aumber  of  papers  have  been 
published  in  Androscoggin  County  during  the  quarter  century  of 
stence,  yel  it  i-  the  only  paper  that  survives,  with  the  exo  p» 
1 1  •  «ii  of  the  Gazette  recently  started. 

DEMOCRATIC    U>VO(   \  TE. 

In  May,  1*;V2,  the  Democratic  Advocate  was  started  by  George 
W.  Chase,  Esq.  It  was  printed  for  six  months  in  the  Journal 
office,  and  then  removed  to  an  independent  office  on  the  Auburn 
side.  At  the  death  <•!'  Mi-.  Chase  in  ls">:'>.  the  Advocate  passed 
into  thr  hands  >>t'a  company  of  leading  Democrats,  who  employed 
Dr.  P.  Dyer  (now  of  Franklin  County)  to  oonduct  it.  Dr.  Dyer 
was  succeeded  in  L  854  by  John  Abbott,  who  remained  about  a  year, 
leaving  the  establishment  in  Is.").")  and  starting  a  rival  Democratic 
newspaper  called  Tin:  Union,  which,  however,  lived  only  a  few 
weeks.  In  lv~>7  the  Advocate  was  purchased  by  C.  B.  Stetson, 
Esq.,  who  conducted  it  until  L861,  when  it  was  merged  in  the 
I       [stoh   II  an  Mi'. 

Thf  Bame  year  that   the  Advocate  was  started   (1852)   Dr. 

Young  commenced  the  publication  of  a  small  weekly  called  Tin: 

Pansophist,  which  survived  hut  one  year.    Tin-  same  year  Messrs. 

.M.  \  .  Stetson  and  .1.  I'..  Jones  oommenoed  the  publication  of  an 

dtural  paper  called  the 

I  UIMER  \\t>  \li.i  il  \\i<\ 
This  paper  lived  about  eight  months,  and  like  the* other  experi- 
ment, involved  thf  proprietors  in  a  considerable  loss,  ami  dis- 
oouraged  mu  undertakings  for  several  _\<ar>.  In  L858  \]y.  Foungj 
former  proprietor  of  the  Pansophist,  again  entered  into  the  news- 
paper business,  and  for  a  year  or  two  published  a  little  sheet  called 

the  TOI  I  U8TONK. 

I  I  \\  I-  PON     l.l  it  BLK    \Y 

In  the  Bummer  of  I860  the  Lewiston  Republican  was  started 


ANDROSCOGGIN   COUNTY.  207 

by  H.  C.  Johnson,  and  survived  in  this  form  nearly  a  year,  al- 
though at  a  considerable  loss  to  the  proprietor.  In  1861  the  Re- 
publican and  the  Democratic.  Advocate  were  merged  in  a  new 
neutral  Weekly  and  Daily  paper,  called  the  Lewiston  Herald, 
published  by  Messrs.  Johnson  and  Hale.  The  Daily  lived  six 
months,  and  the  Weekly  about  eight  months. 

In  February,  1868,  another  attempt  was  made  to  start  a  Demo- 
cratic newspaper  in  Lewiston  by  publishing  a  paper  called  the 
Conservative.  Only  one  number  was  ever  issued.  During  the 
Presidential  campaign  of  1868,  Hon.  E.  K.  Smart  of  Camden  tem- 
porarily removed  to  Lewiston  and  published  a  Democratic  paper 
called  the  Jacksonian,  which  was  suspended  before  the  campaign 

closed. 

THE  EVANGELIST. 

In  1856  the  Evangelist,  a  Congregational  paper  started  at 
Portland  some  months  previously,  was  removed  to  Lewiston  and 
published  from  the  Journal  office  until  1861-62,  when  it  was  dis- 
continued. 

In  1857  a  senii-religious  paper,  called  the  Rising  Sun,  was  pub- 
lished for  some  months  at  Lisbon. 

LIVERMORE  FALLS  GAZETTE. 

About  the  same  time  John  Morrill  published  this  paper  at  Liv- 
ermore  Falls  for  nearly  a  year. 

MECHANIC  FALLS  HERALD. 

In  1867  Mr.  Moody  started  the  Mechanic  Falls  Herald  at  Me- 
chanic Falls,  and  continued  its  publication  nearly  four  years,  when 
he  purchased  the  Somerset  Reporter  and  discontinued  the  Herald. 

LEWISTON  GAZETTE. 

In  the  winter  of  1872  William  H.  Waldron  started  a  new 
weekly  paper  at  Lewiston  called  the  Lewiston  Gazette,  which  ad- 
vocates the  "  Liberal  Republican  "  and  Democratic  cause,  and  sup- 
ports Mr.  Greeley  for*the  Presidency. 

With  the  exception  of  occasional  monthly  advertising  sheets, 
the  foregoing  covers  the  history  of  newspapers  in  the  county  of 
Androscoggin  since  the  first  paper  —  the  Journal  —  was  published 
in  1847.  Of  fifteen  newspapers  started  previous  to  .Ian.,  1872,  all 
arc  dead  except  the  Lewiston  Journal. 


208  TH  i:   N  I'.w  -   i'i:  i:  39  DF   MAINE. 

Of  the  publishers  and  editors  of  newspapers  published  in  An- 
droscoggin county  during  the  quarter  century  closing  with  1872, 
M  -.  F.  Lane,  If.  V.  Stetson,  I>r.  foung,  Geo.  W,  Chase,  and 
John  .Merrill  are  dead.  W.  II.  Waldron  i>  publishing  the  I.<  wis- 
ton  Gazette;  .1.  II.  Jones  is  on  a  farm  in  Auburn;  EL  C.  Johnson 
is  publisher  of  a  paper  in  Vermont ;  E.  K.  Smart  i-  in  Camden; 

( '.  I ">.  Stetson  has  business  connections  with  .1.  R.  Osg 1  and  ('••., 

m;   Dr.  P.  Dyer  is  practicing  bis  profession  in  Parmington; 

John  Abbol  has  been  Lost  sight  of;  Mr.  M ly  is  publisher  of  the 

Somerset  Reporter;  Mr.  Bale  is  foreman  of  the  Lewiston  Journal 
office;  and  the  Messrs.  Dingley  remain  the  publishers  and  editors 
<>t' tin-  Journal  —  the  Benior  having  occupied  thai  )'"»itii>u  sixteen, 
and  the  junior  nine  years. 

Mr.  .Nelson  Dingley,  jr.,  :i  native  of  Durfc  un  (onoe  '  fumberland,  now  Androscoggin 
County),  graduated  ;it  Dartmouth  College  in   I  ed  law  for  one  year  with 

Morrill  and  Fessenden        I  Kails,  Me.,  and  idnritted  to  tin-  l>ar  in  the 

rammer  of]  3  he  became  laeoeiated  with  William  II.  Waldron 

in  the  proprietorahip  nml  management  of  the  Lewiaton  Jonrnal,  a  weekly  ne« 
printed    it  Lewiaton, for  whose  political  department  Mr.  Dingley  had  written  • 
nvelj  ftw  two  yean  previously.    In  September,  1867,  he  became  sole  proprietor  and 
editor  of  the  Jonrnal,     In  1861  he  commenced  the  publication  of  a  Dailj  edition  of 
the  Jonrnal  and  has  since  conducted  both  papen     I    I     imp 
tn  iii<  51       i  iture  from  Unburn,  and  took  his  seat  in  the  winter  oi    I  Bi 

elected  from  Auburn  in  1862,  and  w  3  of  the  Hon 

i  Having  removed  to  Lewiaton  in  the  spring  of  I 

returned  to  tli>-  Legislature,  at  the  election  in  September  of<hal  rear,  from  Lewiston; 
and  w  (  Speaker  al  (he  assembling  of  the  Legislature  in  the  winter  i  I 

ii  •  elected  to  the  Legialatun  of  1865,  un  elected  to 

tin-  House  from  Lewiston  in  i^;7  and  i 

M  l  rink  I..  Dingley, a  oatiTe  of  I  nity,  Waldo  County, graduated  -it  Bowdoia 
College  in  1861  .  ipent  two  years  as  an  assistant  editoi  and  reporter  in  the  1  >  wiston 
Journal  offici  tciated  with  his  brother  (Nelson  Ding- 

ley, jr.)  hi  tin'  proprietorship  and  managemt  at  of  that  establishment ;  a  position  which 
he  baa  continui  >l  i"  occupy. 


THE 


PRESS  OF  AROOSTOOK  COUNTY. 


BY    THEODORE   CART. 


AROOSTOOK  PIONEER. 

The  establishing  of  the  first  paper  in  Aroostook  County  is 
largely  due  to  the  efforts  of  Joseph  B.  Hall,  Esq.,  who,  as  he  writes 
us  early  in  1857,  "conceived  the  idea  of  starting  a  newspaper 
literally  in  the  wilderness."  Public  attention  at  that  time  was  in 
some  measure  turned  to  the  fertile  lands  of  Aroostook,  and  he 
thought  a  newspaper  would  do  much  towards  drawing  settlers  into 
this  new  county.  Little  was  known  of  the  vast  resources  of  this 
then  remote  region  except  what  was  obtained  from  the  annual 
reports  of  the  Land  Agent  to  the  Legislature,  and  Mr.  Hall's 
scheme  was  considered  by  almost  every  one  to  whom  he  commu- 
nicated it  as,  being  visionary  and  impracticable,  and  all  doubted 
its  success.  Mr.  Hall  was  then  Secretary  of  the  Maine  Senate,  and 
while  then  engaged  in  finishing  up  the  work  of  the  session,  he  in- 
duced W.  S.  Gilman,  a  printer  and  compositor  in  the  Maine  Far- 
mer office,  to  join  him  in  his  new  enterprise. 

The  prospectus  for  the  Aroostook  Pioneer  was  printed  at  the 
Farmer  office,  and  was  written  by  the  late  Dr.  Holmes,  then  editor 
of  the  Farmer.  The  paper  was  to  be  published  by  Hall  and  Gil- 
man,  and  edited  by  Joseph  B.  Hall.  The  prospectus  was  sent  out, 
and  there  were  soon  gathered  in  the  county  and  from  other  parts 


•jln  Til  I.    \  I.  w  9  PRESS  01    MAINI 

of  the  State  eight  hundred  subscribers.  The  old  office  of  tlio 
B  ■:•  Gazette,  consisting  of  an  old  hand  press  and  :i  quantity  of 
type,  was  purchased  bj  Mr.  Hal]  and  transported  on  a  team  from 
Bangor  to  Presque  Isle.  The  office  was  located  overWinslow 
Hall's  store  and  the  first  nnmberofthe  Pioneer,  the  first  paper 
ever  printed  in  Aroostook,  was  issued  in  the  tiill  of  L857.  The 
projecl  proved  a  success.  Mr.  Hall  continued  t « » * -<  1  i t  the  Pioneer 
until  February,  L860,  when  his  connection  with  the  pa] 
It  thru  had  a  circulation  of  about  two  thousand  subscribers.  He 
Bold  "Ut  lii<  interest  as  publisher  at  the  close  of  the  second  volume, 
in  1859,  for  reasons  which  we  give  in  his  own  words:  "I  advo- 
cated the  building  of  a  railroad  to  Aroostook,  ass  means  of  i t -i 
development,  and  the  following  winter  the  Legislature  passed  a 
l>ill  in  aid  of  Buch  a  road,  t<»  be  submitted  to  the  people  for  their 
approval  I  strongly  advocated  it-  adoption,  others  differed,  and 
this  w  as  the  commencement  of  a  bitter  hostility  to  me  personally." 
After  the  retirement  of  .Mr.  Hall  the  Pioneer  was  carried  on  by 
William  S.  Gilman,  as  editor  and  Bole  publisher,  assisted  al  di£ 
ferenl  times  bj  Warren  A.  Plummer,  Daniel  Stiokney, and  <■ 
( Jurtis,  jr.,  wli<>  in  the  absence  of  Mr.  <  rilman  (he  1»«  i ii-_r  aw  ay  from 
his  post  much  of  the  time),  have  taken  entire  editorial  charge  of 
the  paper.  In  January,  1868,  the  Pioneer  was  removed  from 
Presque  Isle  to  Houlton,  where  a  larger  Geld  of  operation  was  of- 
fered and  better  inducements  for  success  held  out  to  Mr.  Gilman, 
the  editor  and  publisher. 

UtOOSTOOB  DEMOCF  \T 

The  Aroostook  Democrat,  the  first  political  paper  printed  in 
the  county,  was  started  at  Houlton  in  the  month  of  April.  I860, 
1>\  ".-in  association  of  Democrats."  The  first  two  or  three  issues 
of  the  paper  were  printed  at  the  Democrat  office  in  Bangor,  being 
principally  made  up  of  matter  taken  from  the  Bangor  1  >aily  Union. 
Afterwards  the  publication  was  assumed  bj  Messrs.  Madigan, 
Man-ui,  Tmeworthy  and  Co.  at  Houlton,  and  edited  by  William 
Bartlett,  a  Bangor  printer.     In   August,  Zebulon  Rowe,  Bheriff  <>i' 

the  county,  boughl  out  the  paper.  Inn   found    it  a  losing  operation. 

The  Democrat  'li'l  not  receive  the  support  of  the  Douglass  wing 


AROOSTOOK  COUNTY.  2\1 

of  the  party,  and  the  election,  State,  county,  and  National,  going 
against  the  Democracy  that  year,  the  publication  of  the  paper,  af- 
ter a  hard  struggle  for  a  brief  existence,  was  discontinued  in  No- 
vember, 1860.  The  press  and  material  were  subsequently  sold  and 
removed  into  the  province  of  New  Brunswick. 

AROOSTOOK    TIMES. 

The  Aroostook  Times,  the  first  paper  ever  printed  at  Houlton, 
was  established  April  13, 1860,  by  Theo.  Cary,  editor  and  publisher, 
some  two  years  after  the  Pioneer  at  Presque  Isle,  which  then  ably 
advocated  the  interests  of  northern  Aroostook.  As  there  was  no 
paper  printed  at  the  shire  town,  we  saw  that  the  field  was  open 
and  that  another  paper  would  be  useful  and  highly  conducive  to 
the  best  interests  of  our  section  of  the  county,  and  believing  that 
it  could  be  made  self-sustaining  we  started  the  Times,  not  as  a  ri- 
val of  the  Pioneer,  but  as  a  co-laborer  with  that  sheet,  in  the  work 
of  giving  information  concerning  the  vast  and  varied  resources  of 
Aroostook  County  and  of  opening  up  the  wilderness  lands  to  set- 
tlement, which  at  that  time  was  attracting  large  numbers  of  emi- 
grants. The  Times  was  not  started  as  the  organ  of  any  party,  but 
as  an  independent  paper,  and  has  since  maintained  that  character, 
devoting  its  energies  to  the  best  interests  and  welfare  of  our  beau- 
tiful young  county.  During  the  war  it  did  not  hesitate  to  array 
itself  on  the  side  of  loyalty  and  patriotism,  and  was  always  uncom- 
promising in  its  support  of  all  measures  adopted  by  the  govern- 
ment for  the  suppression  of  the  rebellion.  It  was  among  the  first, 
after  the  Presidential  election  of  1860,  to  sound  the  note  of  alarm 
and  to  strengthen  the  hands  of  all  union  men,  when  the  rebel 
States  were  arming  and  making  every  preparation  for  seceding 
from  the  Union  and  destroying  the  government.  It  has  lived  to 
see  the  rebellion  crushed  and  the  country  restored  to  peace.  The 
Times  was  started  with  a  list  of  about  500  subscribers,  which  has 
been  gradually  increased  without  the  aid  of  canvassers.  We  un- 
dertook the  enterprise  with  no  practical  knowledge  of  the  business, 
either  as  editor,  publisher  or  printer,  and  have  succeeded  beyond 
our  expectations  —  never  having  received  pecuniary  support  from 
any  one  to  whom  we  have  not  paid  dollar  for  dollar.     During  the 


212  THE    NEWS   PRESS   IN   MAINE. 

eight  yean  in  which  the  Times  has  been  published,  it  has  n-  >t 
biled  to  appear  promptly  on  the  day  of  publication.  It  has  been 
our  aim  t.i  make  :i  paper  thai  will  attract  subscribers  t..  it-  support, 

without   personal  solicitati and  experience  baa  oonfirmed  as  in 

this  course.  The  size  of  the  Times  when  started  was  82  x  22,  six 
columns  to  a  page;  in  June,  lv''>7,  ii  was  enlarged  to  a  shed  of 
86  X  24  inches,  seven  columns  t.>  the  page.  Within  the  last  ten 
years  our  town  has  increased  in  population  and  wealth,  and  con- 
sequently the  receipts  from  advertising,  job-work,  and  sub- 
scriptions are  much  more  satisfactory  than  formerly  ;  but  truth 
compels  ns  to  admit  that  had  we  devoted  the  Bame  time,  energies, 
and  capital  to  almost  any  other  branch  of  business,  the  pecuniary 
result  must  have  been  -till  more  satisfactory. 

AROOSTOOK     ill  l:\l.h. 

The  fourth  paper  printed  in  this  county  was  the  Aroostook 
Herald,  the  first  number  of  which  was  issued  on  the  24th  day  of 
June,  I860, by  Joseph  l'>.  Ball, editor  and  publisher.  It  had  a 
subscription  list,  to  start  with,  of  something  over  four  hundred 
subscribers,  which  was  increased  t<>  over  a  thousand  before  the 
cii<  1  of  the  firsl  yen-.  It  was  Republican  in  politics,  and  for  the 
first  time  the  Republicans  carried  the  county,  electing  their  entire 
ticket  that  year.  At  the  meeting  of  the  Legislature  in  1861,  the 
editor,  Mr.  Hall,  was  elected  Secretary  of  State,  and  he  associated 
with  him  .M r.  George  Curtis,  jr.,  who  had  charge  of  the  paper  as 
editor  while  Mr.  Ball's  was  at  Augusta.  In  the  spring  of  1862, 
Mr.  Ball,  with  other  parties,  projected  the  starting  of  a  new 
.  1 : i i I \  paper  at  Portland,  t<>  be  called  the  Portland  Press.  The 
Herald  was  discontinued  and  tin'  material  removed  t"  Portland, 
and  thr  subscription  li->t  was  merged  in  the  .Maine  State  Press. 
I  <i\  \i    -i  NR1SE. 

The  publication  of  the  Loyal  Sunrise  was  commenced  at 
Preeque  Isle  Augusl  5,  1868,  bj  I  >.  Stieknej  and  Co.,  publishers, 
and  1  >:i  i  i*l  Stickney,  editor,  under  not  \rerj  fai  orable  circumstances  : 
five  persons  had  offered  t<»  pay  for  thirty  copies,  and  Borne  thirty 
others  promised  t"  patronise  it.  As  Mr.  Stickney  informs  us, 
fifteen  hundred  copies  of  the  tir^-t   number  were  printed,  which 


AROOSTOOK    COUNTY.  213 

Were  sent  to  as  many  different  persons,  with  a  request  "  to  send  a 
dollar  if  they  thought  the  paper  worth  more."  The  editor  said  in 
that  issue  that  the  jiaper  was  intended  for  those  who  had  "brains,'T 
and  if  any  one  should  receive  it  who  was  conscious  of  being  desti- 
tute of  that  indispensable  article,  to  return  the  paper  immediately 
—  nine  copies  only  were  returned.  In  a  few  weeks  the  Sunrise 
had  four  hundred  subscribers.  The  material  for  printing  the  Sun- 
rise was  brought  from  Bangor,  by  Mr.  Stickney,  with  one  horse  at 
one  load ;  hence,  says  Mr.  S.,  "I  suppose  for  that  reason,  if  for  no 
other,  it  might  properly  have  been  called  a  'one-horse  newspaper.' " 
For  the  first  two  years  the  press-work  was  done  in  the  Pioneer 
office,  taking  the  forms  to  and  from  that  office.  Until  January, 
1867,  all  the  type-setting,  making  up  the  forms,  and  all  the 
mechanical  work  of  the  paper  was  done  by  females,  and  the  most 
of  the  time  entirely  by  one  young  lady.  The  Sunrise  from  the 
outset  has  been  an  unconditional,  loyal  paper,  and  the  aim  of  its- 
editor  has  been  to  give  it  a  pure  and  unexceptionable  moral  tone, 
to  advocate  earnestly  every  moral  reform  and  improvement,  to 
promote  the  interest  of  every  worthy  object,  encourage  social 
order,  education,  and  everything  which  conduces  to  the  elevation 
and  improvement  of  society ;  and  we  believe  that  he  has  accom- 
plished much  good  in  this  direction.  In  his  note  to  us  Mr.  Stick- 
ney says,  "  Perhaps  I  have  been,  sometimes,  somewhat  radical  and 
severe,  possibly  to  a  fault ;  yet  nevertheless  I  have  felt  that  good 
and  patriotic  men  have  always  been  ready  to  pardon  something  for 
the  spirit  of  an  earnest,  and  I  hope  an  honest,  old  man."  Mr, 
Stickney  never  had  any  experience  in  publishing,  and  but  little  in 
editing,  until  he  commenced  the  Sunrise.  In  February,  1868,  the 
paper  was  sold  to  Messrs.  Glidden  and  Rowell,  who  have  since 
published  it  under  the  name  of  Sunrise,  having  dropped  the 
**  Loyal."  Mr.  Stickney  is  retained,  and  he  continues  to  wield  a 
vigorous  pen  in  the  capacity  of  political  editor.  The  Sunrise  is 
now  printed  on  a  sheet  SO  X  24  inches,  a  little  larger  than  when 
first  started. 


214 


Til  K   .N  EWS    P  R  ESS   "I     M  \  i  N  I. 


NORTE   STAB 

'I'll.-  North  Star  wa>  oommenoed,  Jan.  1872,  at  Caribou  and 
Port  Fairfield,  bj  W.J.  Ble8pcr  and  Bon,  edited  by  the  senior 
partner.  It  is  well  printed  upon  a  sheet  :;•'>  .<  -4.  Terms,  12.00  a 
year.  Judging  from  the  Dumber  CM,  voL  1 )  Bent  as,  the  paper  i- 
independent  in  politics.  One  half  of  it  is  taken  up  with  business 
Dotioes;  the  other  well  filled  with  matter  of  interest  and  utility  for 
family  reading.  One  column  of  the  paper  Lb  printed  in  the 
Swedish  Language  ;  also  advertisements  in  Swedish  ;  aboul  thn 
oolnmns  are   in    French  ;    the   remainder   Kngliah.    Circulation 


weekly,  760  copies.     This  paper  is  said  to  be  taken  by  every 
family  in  New  Sweden. 


BIBLIOGRAPHY  OF  MAINE. 


Note.  The  matter  of  the  Bibliography  is  gathered  from  the  following  sources  — 
Viz.  our  own  memoranda;  the  Trade-lists  of  publishers,  recently  revised  and  sent 
in;  Catalogue  of  the  Library  of  Bondoin  College;  and  selections  from  a  Catalogue 
Ofwoikl  bj    Mime  authors,  prepared  by  William  Willis  for  the  Historical  Magazine. 

published  by  EL  15.  Damon  of  Moriauia,  .N.  V.  Valuable  aid  baa  also  been  rendered 

by  several  friends  interested  in  our  work.    With  a  few  exceptions  I 

been  confind  to  such  works  as  were  published  in  separate  books  or  pamphlets. 

Our  reqaeet  to  publi-hers  was,  that  they  should  put  no  book  in  their  lists  but  such 
.mated  in  Maine.      .Notwithstanding  our  rare  m  this  re-pert,  there  mav  t» 
deviations   from    the    rule.      In    the    General    Alph  abi  tiral    Catalogue     follow, 
publi-ln  r-'  Lists,  w  liere    it  w.LS   doubtful    ill  regard  to    f-  of  the  author,  the 

title    or  rharai  ter  of  the  work  is  nwirted    m    the    alphabetical    column;   the  author's 

•iHdwIIIL'. 


OUR  AUTHORS,  THEIR  BOOKS 


AND  PUBLISHERS. 


(O3  Those  houses  that  have  sent  us  a  Catalogue  of  their  publications  will  find 
their  Lists  under  their  respective  names. 

Publishing  houses  are  arranged  chronologically. 

PORTLAND. 

PUBLICATIONS    OF    HYDE,    LORD,    AND    DUREN.  * 
William  Hyde  was  established  in  1816.     Hyde,  Lord,  and  Duren  in  1835. 

Donnell,  J.  O.     Juryman's  Guide.     12mo. 
Greenleaf,  Simon,  LL.D.     Maine  Reports.     9  vols.  8vo. 
Greenleaf,  Moses.     Map  of  Maine,  and  Statistical  View. 
Haynes,  Rev.  D.  C.     Practical  View  of  Christian  Missions.     12mo. 
Howe,  E.,  jr.     Eastern  Lyre.     Sacred  Music.     Original  and  select. 
Morrill,  Miss.     Blacklyn  Swamp,  or  Benefits  of  Filial  Obedience.  18mo. 
Nichols,  Ichabod,  D.D.     Natural  Theology.     Third  edition.     12mo. 
Parsons,  John  U.     Analytical  Spelling  Book,  18mo.     Primer,  18mo. 
Payson's  Works.     See  Cummings,  Asa,  and  Payson,  Edward. 
Pearl,  Rev.  Cyril.     Youth's  Book  on  the  Mind.     12mo. 
Pond,  Enoch,  D.D.      Pastor's   Guide,   or   Lecture   on   Pastoral  Duties. 
1844  ;  377  pp.  12mo.     New  edit.  391  pp.  12mo. 
1866.     Andover,  Mass. 

Probation. 

Pope  and  Pagan,  or  Middleton's  Letters  from  Rome. 

Swedenborgianism  Reviewed.     300  pp.  12mo.  1846. 
New  edit.  1861.    250  pp.  12mo.     Boston. 

Manual  of  Congregationalism.     18mo. 

*  George  Lord  removed  to  Boston,  Mass.;    E.  F.  Duren  returned  to  Bangor. 

28 


218 


Til  E   PRESS  01     M  \  l.\  E 


ro.  coxTisrr.D. 

Prince,  Bar.  N.  M.    Memoir  of  Ber.  Wm.  K.  Prin  ;•■     l2mo. 

Pi  in\m,  S.    Introduction  to  Ai     ••        B      ar.     lsm<>. 
Rat,  haae,  M.D.    Conversations  on  the  Animal  Economy.     l2mo. 
Souls,  Rev.  C.    Questions  on  Upham'a  Mental  FhBoBopby. 
Swiii-ii;.  SarnneL    Cumberland  Collection  of  Aw      I  -  M 

Yeatok,  Rer.  F.    Guests  ofthe  Marriage  Bupper;  translated  from  Malan. 

L8mo.     Bartimeua,  18mo. 
I'i-ham's  Works.    (St-L'  Bowdoin  College.) 
Wauui.n.  Wm..  1».1>.    School  Geography  and  At 

Eoueehold  ConaecratioD  and  Baptism.    1846. 
liT  pp.  18mo. 

Mr.  William  l lv<i> .  the  scn'mr  member  of  the  above  tinn.  was  born  in  Lebanon, 
Conn.,  May  87, 1788     He  resided  on  a  farm  twenl  fl6hemade 

a  profewion  of  religion,  and  it  wai  his  purpose  to  enter  the  ministry,  bat  want  of 
health  prevented.  He  afterward  taogbt  school  in  Bristol  and  Bath,  Me.  In  1811  be 
entered  the  book-business  at  Bath.  In  [816  be  remoTed  to  Portland  ;  porchased  the 
•  k  of  Lyman  and  Hall,  bis  former  employers  in  the  book-bra 
of  Mr.  Murray,  bookseller  on  Middle  street ;  uniting  both,  and  opening  die  store  rbr- 
iihtIv  occupied  bj  V.Lyman,  on  J  \t  first   it  was  William  H 

then  Shirley  and  Hyde ;  afterward  Hyde,  Lord,  and  Daren.    Mr.  Hyde  sided  in  the 
,   |  iblishment  of  die  Christian  Mirror  in  18S8  ;  removed  to  Boston  in  1890  ;  rents 
H,,  .  rs,and  then  returned  to  Portland  -.was  there  in  the  book-business  until 

i  Be  then  retired  from  bosinesB,  and  went  to  Bangor ;  was  there  with  b 

in-law  Dea.  E.  F.  Daren,  audi  1869;  thenwenl  to  Newton-Center  and  resided  with 
l,,s  son-in-law,  C.  B  Richardson,  until  Ins  death,  log.  18, 1870.    Our  long  acqaain- 
tance  in  trade  with  Mr.  Hyde,— finding  him  in  all  his  business  transact 
forward,  correct,  and    honorable,— has    left  with  us  an  abiding  reaped   tortus 
memory.  —  Ed 

PI  BJ  [<   \  nOKS   OP    -  LNBOBS    aJTD   I  1BU  EL 
In  the  Trade  Lial  of  Banborn  and  Carter  there  are  many  reprints.— 
we  recognise  as  original  onlyTown'a  Firet  Book  for  Children ; 
Town's   Speller  and  Deflner,  the  Analysis,  and  Noa.  l.  J  and  3 

m  rVaterhouae's  K->  to  all  Arithmetica i  and  tin-  B 
Btatntea  of  Maine,  reduced  to  Questions  and  Answers,  tor 
Behoole.  The  foregajng  booka  are  to  their  Trade  Lial  of  isit. 
Thej  afterward  published  a  2nd  edit  of  Upham's  Cottage  Life, 
Smyth's  Calculus,  and  some  other  works.  The  firm  was  dissolved 
man]  years  sii 


P.1  HLIOT.RAPHY.  219 

PUBLICATIONS    OF    S.    II.   COLESWORTHY. 

Established  in  1829. 

BUCK,  Levisa,  Mrs.     Life  of  Rev.  Thomas  Barnes.     18mo. 
TJurr,  C.  C.     Noel  Ronello.     175  pp.  32mo. 
Discourse  on  Revivals.     8vo. 
Colesworthy,  D.  C.    My  Minister ;    Sketches  of  the  Character  of  Rev. 

Charles  Jenkins.    1833.     112  pp.  18mo. 
€lark,  F.  G.     Treatise  on  Book-keeping.     156  pp.  8vo.,  with  Key,  96  pp. 
.  Fleming,  Rev.  L.  D.     New  Testament  Companion.     196  pp.  12rao. 
French,  Rev.  Wm.  R.     Little  Moralist.     ISmo. 

Bible  Class  Assistant.     162  pp.  18mo. 
Gerard,  George.     French  Course.     396  pp.  8vo. 
Greene,  Roscoe  G.     English  Grammar.     12mo. 
Jackson,  Henry.     Arithmetical  Foundation.     72  pp.  12mo. 
Mandell,  Rev.  D.  J.     Adventures  of  Search  for  Life.     90  pp.  18mo. 
Morgan,  Jonathan.     Translation  of  the  New  Testament.     307  pp.  12mo. 
Pearl,  Rev.  Cyril.     Spectral  Visitants.     82  pp.  12mo. 
Quinby,  Rev.  George.     Editor  of  Sermons  and  Prayers  by  fifteen  Univer- 
salis! Clergymen.     350  pp.  12mo. 
Reed,  D.,  Mrs.     Wild  Flowers.     96  pp.  32mo. 
Smith,  Daniel  D.     Lectures  on  Domestic  Duties.     192  pp.  12mo. 
Sawyer,  J.  H.     Digest  of  Arithmetic.     12mo. 

Sadler,  Rev.  L.  L.     Lectures  on  the  Prophecies  of  Daniel.  180  pp.  18mo. 
Catechism  on  Mathew's  Gospel,  in  two  parts.    18mo. 
Sermon  on  Social  Alliance.     8vo. 
WniTMAN,  Rev.  Jason.     Young  Man's  Assistant.     394  pp.  18mo. 
Young  Ladies'  Aid.     304  pp.  18mo. 
Helps  for  Young  Christians.     192  pp.  32mo. 
The  Sunday  School.     82  pp.  18mo. 
Discourses  on  the  Lord's  Prayer.     240  pp.  18mo. 
Mr.  Colesworthy  is  also  publisher  of  many  juvenile  books. 

PUBLICATIONS    OF   D.   C.   COLESWORTHY. 
Established  in  1833— Removed  to  Boston  in  1861. 

(Colesworthy,  D.  C. 

Advice  to  an  Apprentice.  128  pp.  16mo.  Parent's  Gift.  82  pp. 
16mo.  Poems.  360  pp.  12mo.  Common  Incidents,  1832  ;  My 
Teacher,  1832  ;  An  Address  to  Young  Men,  delivered  before  the 
Mechanics'  Institute,  1832;  Sabbath  School  Hymns,  1833, 


TH  r.    PRESS  OI    MAIN  E  , 

Coi  i  BWOB1  in  .  1 ».  ('..    i  ontut 

Address  to  the  People  of  Color  of  Portland,  1836;  Opening  Buds, 
1838;  II  ;••■>  Deaths,  1840;  Touch  at  the  Times,  1840; 
Chronicli  I  Bay,  I860;  Old  Bureau,  ls»n  ;  Qroap  of 

Children,  is,'>.',  \  Bints  on  Ck>mmon  Politeness,  ls,'7 ;  All  the  Tear, 
1871.     (Hie  last  bar  published  after  his  removal  to  Boston.) 

Mr.  Colesworthyjias  in  preparation.  "Master  Chase's  Scholar-."  a 
work  giving  an  account  of  these  who  attended  Mr.  Chase's 
school  in  Portland,  1820,  which  will  soon  be  put  to  ; 

PTJBLK   mONS   "F    BAILEY    anh    bTOYES. 

I'.i'Ki  ii.  s.  B.     Eestex  —  a  Poem. 
Chase,  Jacob,  jr.    Map  of  Maine. 

l'l  in  III  U.  EL  l'>.      Man  Immortal. 

The  National  Book  of  the  Sabbath.    1861.  144  pp.  lSmou 
Jackson's  Arithmetic. 
KiM.-i.i  uv,  B.     Maine  Townsman. 

BfOBBIS,  EL  8.      Maine  (i\il  Officer. 

M  mm  Townsman. 

Reyised  Statutes  of  Maine  for  1871. 

Smyth,  William.    N't  u  Elementary  Algebra. 

BaWYEB,  Moses.      Lieutenant  Colburn —  a  Novel. 

Willis,  William.  Documentary  History  of  the  State  of  Maine. 

1 1  itorj  of  Portland. 
\..w\  and  Law \ era  of  M sine. 
Wi  i  d,  AIL  d  II.    Weld  and  Quackenbos'  Progn  isiYt  Grammar. 
Progressiye  Parsing  Hook. 
New  Qrammar. 

Latin   LeSSOnj  and  Header. 

Weston,  EL  P.      Northern  Monthly  —  amagaaine. 

Void  -  of   II'   Url  and  Home. 

i  Blake  commenced  the  l>""k  business  in  Jane,  1865,  and  «h«-»l  in   I 

lie  eed)  'I  bj  Bailey  and   Noyea  in  0  I,  who  alao  bought 

out  the  concern  of  O.  L.  Sanborn  and  Co.  in  i  tabliah- 

• 


BIBLIOGRAPHY.  221 

PUBLICATIONS    OP  IRA   AND    STEPHEN    BERRY, 

Printer — Established  in  1857. 

Bartol,  Mary.     Child's  Magazine.     1858.     12mo. 

Beecher,  Fred  H.,  Lieut.     Memoirs  of.     48  pp.  4to.     Portrait. 

Gould,  J.  M.,  Maj.     History  of  1—10 — 29th  Maine  Regiment. 

Journal  of  the  Protestant  Episcopal  Church,  Diocese  of  Maine. 

Masonic  Token.    A  Quarterly. 

Neal,  John.     One  Word  More.     1854.     12mo. 

Proceedings  of  Grand  Lodge  of  Maine.  Vols.  1  (reprint),  3,  4,  5,  6  and  7. 

Grand  Chapter  of  Maine.     Vols.  2, 3  and  4. 

Grand  Council  of  Maine.     Vols.  1  and  2. 

Grand  Commandery  of  Maine.     Vols.  1  and  2. 

Portland  Society  of  Natural  History. 

Maine  Pharmaceutical  Association. 
Transactions  of  Maine  Medical  Association.    4  vols, 

Messrs.  Berry  have  also  published  Histories  of  many  of  the  Masonic 
Lodges  of  Maine. 

PUBLICATIONS    OP   BROWN    THURSTON, 

PRINTER. 

Portland  Directory  and  Reference  Book,  by  S.  B.  Beckett,  published 

biennially.     400  pp.  8vo.     10  vols. 
Sketch  of  the  Life  of  Rev.  David  Thurston.     See  Adams,  Thomas. 
History  of  Winthrop.     See  Thurston,  David. 
Letters  from  a  Father  to  his  Son,  an  apprentice.     See  Thurston,  David. 

%*  Periodicals  under  head  Newspaper  Press. 

PUBLICATIONS  OF  HOYT,  POGG,  AND  BREED. 

Chronological  Commentary.    By  Rev.  C.  G.  Barth,  D.D.,  Germany. 

Imperial  octavo,  1000  pp.,  with  introduction  by  Rev.  J.  J. 

Carruthers,  D.D.,  Portland.      (By  arrangement  with  the 

English  publishers.) 

Maine  Year  Book  and  Annual  Register  for  1871.     424  pp.  16mo. 

Merchant,  Matthew.    How  Bennie  did  it.     Second  edition,  440  pp.  16mo. 

Putnam,  Rev.  S.  M.     Prayers  from  the  Scriptures,  Old  Divines,  and  the 

Poets.     Second  edition,  272  pp.  12mo. 
Plummer,  P.  W.     The   Carpenter's   Guide,   a    Manual   of  Reference  for 
Contractors  and  Builders.     Plates.     Second  edition, 
72  pp.  8vo. 


•^■j,  I  H  E   PRESS   OF   M  \  I  N  r. 

It'iYT   »^ 

.  Enoch,  ]).]).     Bangor.    TheApoes  lined.  _  10  pp.  12rao. 

Stbo   r,  M    ,C.  W.  D.    slip;  •■  d. 

W  kBBi  n.  William,  ]).]>.    These  fin  '  >iir  Indent  Mis* 

non       S  120  pp.  12mo. 

J  with    the    Children.     Second  edition, 

32 1  pp.  L6mo. 
Mi    ITS.  Hoyl  ;ind  Co.  re-pul>lish  from  the  BngKA —  Aunt  M 

Maxims  ;  Lindsay  Lee  and  his  Friends  ;  Mary  BrantOD  and  her 
One  Talent ;  Cottagers  of  Cilenearren  ;  and  some  twenty  others, 
mostly  illustrated. 

Mi  .|  Fogg  commenced buainflH  in  1867  by  parchaang  the  stock  .-ind 

bnaineai  of  Mr.  H.  Paekard,long  and  faToraMj  known  xs  the  proprietor  of  tin' 

Sunday  Scl 1  Book-store  of  Portland.    In  the  spring  of  1869  Mr.  I..  C. 

Breed,  of  B  admitted  a  partner,  and  the  business  cantoned  udei 

the  pn 

PTJBLK   LTTON8   OF    l.<>i:i\...    BHOBT,    \\l>    BLaSMON. 

Martin,  Clara  Barnes.     The  Little  Nortons.     284  pp.  12mo. 
ViiciiN,  Win.  Wirt.     Supplemental  Digest  of  Maine  Reports.  620  pj 

Vol.  .")7,  Maine  Be]    rta,  660  pp.  8to.    y      58,  ditto, 
696  pp.  Bto.    VoL  59,  ditto,  676  pp. 

Maine  Civil  Officer,  2nd  edition,  644  pp.  l'Jnio. 

PI  i-.i  [I   \  nON8   OF    DBB88KB    1HD    \\  SB, 

Boi  pok*b  Tax  Collector  and  Form  Book. 

Kim. -im  u\'>  Maine  Townsman. 

pROB  \  I'l.  Manual  in  1' 


*.*  Prom  a  daughter  of  the  late  Thomaa  1!.  Wait,  Mrs.  Lord,  of  Oi 
N.  J.,  and  also  from  Bon.  John  Neal  we  bare  received  some  additional  items 
of  interest  concerning  Mr.  Wait  and  the  early  book  business  in  Portland] 

Which  WS  shall  publish  in  our  Appendix. 


BIBLIOGRAPHY.  223 

BRUNSWICK. 

WORKS     BY    OFFICERS     OF     BOWDOIN    COLLEGE, 

DURING   THEIR   OFFICIAL   TERM. 

PRINTED    AND    PUBLISHED  BY    J.  GKIFPIN, 

IF    NOT   OTHERWISE   INDICATED. 

Appleton,  Jesse,  D.  D.,  President. 

1809.  God's   Care  of  his   Church.     Sermon  delivered  at  Gorham, 

Jan.  18th,  at  the  Ordination  of  Rev.  A.  Rand.    Portland. 

1810.  The  Immutability  of  Religion.    Sermon  at  Freeport,  February 

10th,  at  the  Ordination  of  Rev.  Reuben  Nason.  Portland; 
J.  McKown. 
"        Sermon  at  Saco,  Oct.  24th,  at  the  Ordination  of  Rev.  Jonathan 
Cogswell.     Portland  ;  Francis  Douglas. 

1811.  Sermon  delivered  at  Augusta,  Oct.  16th,  at  the  Ordination 

of  Rev.  Benjamin  Tappan.     Augusta. 

1813.  Discourse  delivered  at  Bath,  May  11th,  before  the  Society  for 

discountenancing  and  suppressing  Public  Vices.     Boston. 
"        Discourse  delivered  June  20,  1813,  before  the  Officers  and 
Students  of  Bowdoin  College,  occasioned  by  the  death  of 
Tutor  Frederick  Southgate,  A.  B.     Boston. 

1814.  Election  Sermon,  Mass.,  May  25th.     Boston. 

"        Perpetuity  and  Importance  of  the  Sabbath.     A  Sermon  deliv- 
ered at  Portland,  Nov.  10th.     Portland. 

1815.  Sermon    delivered   at  Brunswick,   April  13th,    on  National 

Thanksgiving  Day,  on  account  of  the  Peace  recently  es- 
tablished between  this  country  and  G.  Britain.  Hallowell. 

1816.  Address  before  the  Massachusetts  Society  for  suppressing  In- 

temperance.    Boston. 

1817.  Sermon  delivered  at  Freeport,  at  the  Ordination  of  Rev.  Enos 

Merrill.     Portland. 
"        Sermon   at   Northampton,  Sept.  18th,  before  the   American 
Board  of  Commissioners  for  For.  Missions.   Charlestown. 


Applbton,  -i  mttnued. 

1818.     Addn  ->  before  the  Education  Society.     Hallowell. 
181i».    Bermea  delivered  it  Portland,  Nor.   18th,  at  the  Forma- 
tion of  tin   \|        Brand     r the  Am.  8    iety  for  educating 

Pi    oa  Youth  fur  the  Ooapel  Ministry.     Hallowell. 
1820.    Addreaaea,  delivered  at  the  Annual  Commencements  of  Bow- 
dam  College,  from   1806  to  1816,  with   i.  !   Ad- 

-.  and  a  Sketch  of  hi-  i.  \  1  >.  1>. 

"       Lectures  at  Bowd.  Coll.,  and  Occasional  Sermona.  Bra  Portr, 

1837.     Work>,  embracing   his   ('nurse   of  Theological    1      toree,   his 

Academic  Addresses,  and  a  Selection  from  his  Sermons; 
with  a  Memoir  of  his  Life  and  Character  by  Prof.  A.  S. 
Packard.     An': 

Allen,  William,  D.D.,  President. 

1823.  Sermon  on  the  death  of  Samuel  Eaton  of  Harpswell. 

"       Sermon  before  the  Maine  Miaaionar]  9  it  Farmington. 

Hallowell. 

1828.    Accounta  of  Shipwreck  and  of  other  Diaaati  S         Pub- 

lished for  the  benefit  of  Seamen  ;  printed  for  the  author; 
diatributed  gratuitously.    300  pp.  l2mo. 

1824.  Sermon  at  the  Ordination  of  Kev.  J.  (  .  G    --.   I'"psham. 
1828.  Value  of  the  Bible. 

1828.  Urdveraal  Salvation. 

1832.     The  Minister's  Warfare  and  Weapon-..      A   Sermon   at  the  In- 
stallation of  Rer.  Seneca  White.  Wiaeaaaet,  April  18th. 
1832.    Amerioan  BiographicaJ  Dictionary.     808pp.  8yo.    2nd  edit 

Printed   (Of   Win.  Hyde,  Portland.     The  third  edit; 
published  bj  Jewett  and  Co.,  Boaton,  in  1867. 
1836.    A  collection  of  Hymni  for  i-  Worehip,  original  and 

800  pp.  l8mo.    Printed  tor  the  author. 
ireate  Addreaaea.    Printed  for  S.  Colman,  Portland. 
Collection  of  lOflQQ  wordi  not  b  any  Bngliah  Dictionary. 

••  Junius  "  unmasked. 


BIBLIOGRAPHY.  225 

HOWDOIN    COLLEGE. 

Cleaveland,  Parker,  LL.D.,  Professor ;  the  "  Father  of  American 

Mineralogy." 
1814.     Address   at   Brunswick,  April  27th,  before  the   Brunswick, 

Topsham,  and  Harpswell  Society  for  the  Suppression  of 

Intemperance.     Boston. 
1816.     Elementary  Treatise  on   Mineralogy  and   Geology.     1   vol., 

668  pp.  8vo.     Boston. 
1822.     Mineralogy  and  Geology,  a  Treatise  on.     2nd  edit.,  in  2  vols. 

8vo.     Boston. 
"        Account  of  Fossil  Shells,  etc. 

Harris,  Samuel,  D.D.,  President. 

1867.     Inaugural  Address  at  his  Induction  into  Bowd.  Coll.,  Aug.  6th. 

1870.     The  Christian  Doctrine  of  Human  Progress  contrasted  with 

the   Naturalistic.     Boston  Lectures ;   "  Christianity  and 

Skepticism."     For  other  works  see  house  of  E.  F.  Duren. 

Longfellow,  Henry  W.,  Professor. 

1830.     Proverbes  Dramatiques.     200  pp.  12mo. 
"        French  Exercises.     100  pp.  12mo. 

"  Novelas  Espanolas  y  Coplas  de  Manrique.  New  edition  in 
1845,  with  additions,  edited  by  Prof.  D.  C.  Goodwin. 
Price  65  cts. 

1832.  Syllabus  de  la  Grammaire  Italienne.   Boston.    Gray  et  Bowen. 

1833.  French  Grammar  of  Lohmond.     Translated. 

"  Outre  Mer,  two  Nos.,  40  pp.  each,  printed  for  Hilliard  and 
Gray,  Boston.  The  whole  work  was  published  by  the 
Harpers,  New  York,  in  2  vols.,  1835,  passing  through 
several  editions  in  this  country  and  in  England. 

55* For  notice  of  Prof.  Longfellow's  Works,  published  after  he  left  Bowdoin  College, 
see  Catalogue  of  Ticknor,  Fields  and  Co.,  and  their  successors. 

Newman,  Samuel  P.,  Professor. 

1826.  Address  before  the  Benevolent  Society  of  Bowd.  Coll.  Sept.  5. 

1827.  Practical  System  of  Rhetoric.     12mo.     Printed  for  William 

Hyde,  Portland.     This  work  is  still  used  in  Bowdoin  Col- 
lege, and  has  reached  its  sixty-fifth  edition. 

1835.     Elements  of  Political  Economy.     12mo.     Andover,  Mass. 
29 


226  'J'"  '•  1'1-  :,A ' N  ,: 

Boa  ;g. 

Packabd,  Alpheoe  s.,  D.D..  r    ■    -..r. 

1835.  Fifth  '  port  of  the  Comberland  County  Temperance 

v  in  High  str.  Church,  Jan.  8th.    Portland. 

1837.    Address  delivered  at  the  Dedication  of  thr  Teachers1  Beminary 
at  Gorham,  Mi . 
,,       Address  at  the  Teacher's  Association  of  Preeport  and  North 
Yarmouth. 
lv;'.>.    Xenophon'c  M  i  orabQiaof  Sophocles,  with  English  N  tea. 

2nd  edit  in  1841.    New  York. 
"       Memoir  of  Pres.  Appleton.    Sit  Appleton's  works. 
1850.    Memoir  of  Hezekiah  Packard,  D J).,  with  Portrait  r.s  jip.svo. 

1853.  History  of  the  Bunker  Hill  Monument.    Portland. 

1868.    Our  Alma  Mater ;  an  Address  delivered  before  the  Alumni  of 

Bowdoin  Colli 
1868,    Discourse  on  the  death  of  Prof.  William  Smyth. 

Smyth,  William,  I  >.])..  Professor. 

Is:.".'.     Elements  of  Plane  Trigonometry.     108  pp.  12mo. 
1880.    Elements  of  Algebra.      336  pp.  royal  12mo.      Bubsequently 
eotyped  and  several  editions  published  at  HalloweD 
and  Portland. 
1884.    Application  of  Algebra  to  Geometry.    2nd  edit,  in  1842. 

1836.  Analytic  Geometry.     240pp.  12mo. 

l  ^ :  i ' '» -     Plane  Trigonometry  and  Surveying.  Subsequently  stereotyped 
and  severa]  editions  published  at  Portland  and  Boston. 

1854.  Calculus,   Integra]   and   Differential      240  pp.  12mo.      I 

Sanborn  and  Carter,  Portland.    Still  in  use. 

*.*  All  I 'riii'.  s no  ill's  Text-book*  were  used  in  Bowdoin  and  elsewhere,  until  Ml 
ni  print  Tin-  deli}  in  publishing  new  edition!  wii  caused  bj  the  li*-*  of  plates  in  Uir 
great  Bra  U  Portland,  and  the  subsequent  death  of  the  author. 

'l'i  i  b II.-,  William  P.,  Librarian. 

IR63     Catalogue  of  the  Librarj  of  Bowdoin  College,  with  an  Index 
of  Subjects.    832  pp.  s\".    Sold  at  the  Low  | 


BIBLIOGRAPHY.  '227 


BOWDOIN    COLLEGE. 


UriiAM,  Thomas  C,  D.D.,  Professor. 

Jahn's  Bib.  Archaeology,  trans,  while  the  author  resided  at 
Andover,  Mass.  —  Second  edition,  while  at  Bodowin. 
1827.     Mental  Philosophy,  Intellect  and  Sensibilities.      Two   vols. 

8vo.     Printed  for  Wm.  Hyde,  Portland.     2nd  ed.  1833. 
1829.     Ratio   Disciplinse,  or    Constitution   of  the   Cong.  Churches. 
2nd  edition.     Printed  for  Wm  Hyde. 

1834.  Practical  Treatise  on  the  Will.    8vo.    Printed  for  Wm.  Hyde, 

Portland.  Dr.  Upham's  works  on  Mental  Philosophy,  in 
three  volumes,  were  subsequently  stereotyped  and  several 
editions  published  by  Harper  Brothers.  In  1870  the 
works  were  somewhat  abridged  by  the  author  —  again 
stereotyped,  and  issued  by  the  Harpers,  New  York,  in  two 
vols.  12mo.  This  work  is  still  used  at  Bowdoin. 
1834  Religious  Offering.  Printed  and  published  by  Leavitt, 
Lord  and  Co.,  New  York. 

1835.  Manual   of   Peace.      1  vol.  8vo.     A  part  of  this  work  was 

subsequently  stereotyped  and  published  by  the  American 

Peace  Society.    Boston. 
1840.     Outlines  of  Imperfect  and  Disordered  Mental  Action.     Har- 
per's Family  Library,  New  York. 
1843.     Interior  or  Hidden  Life.     300  pp.  12mo.     Now  published  by 

the  Harpers. 
1846.     Religious  Maxims.     12mo.     Boston. 
1851.    American  Cottage  Life ;  2nd  edition.     212  pp.  12mo.     Other 

editions  subsequently  published  at  Portland  and  Boston. 

This  work  is  now  stereotyped  and  published  by  the  Amer. 

Tract  Society,  Boston. 
1851.     Treatise  on  Divine  Union.     12mo.     Boston. 
1853.     Life  of  Faith.     300  pp.  12mo.     Subsequently  published  by 

the  Harpers. 
1855.     Letters  written  from  Europe,  Egypt  and  Palestine.     375  pp. 

12mo.     Subsequently  pub.  by  Longstreth,  Philadelphia. 
1858.     Life  of  Catharine  Adorna.     250  pp.  18ma.     Harpers,  N.  Y. 


228  T  ll  E    P  R  l.  SS   OF    MAIM  E- 

BOWUOIN    COU.BT.B. 

I '  i'ii  wi,  Thomas  ( '..  continu*  ■>. 

1862,     Lift  and  Eteligioaa  Experience  of  Madame  de  la  Moths  1 1 
2  vols.    Published  \>\  the  Harj 

1866.  Exposition  of  the  Canticles,  by  Madame  Guyon.  Translated 
from  the  French  by  J.  W.  Metcalf,  M.  I>.  Printing  roper- 
intended  by  Prof.  Upham.     L33pp.8vo. 

1872.  Christ  in  the  Soul.  172  pp.  l'-'mo.  This  is  a  volume  of 
Spiritual  Bongs,  written  during  the  closing  period  of  the 
author's  life. 

Woods,  Leonard,  !>.]>.,  I.I..D.,  President 

1862.     Eulogy  on  Daniel  Webster,  delivered  bj  request  of  the  City 

Government  and  Citizens  of  Portland,  Nov.  17th. 
I860.    Address  on  the  Life  and  Character  of  Parker  Cleaveland, 

1.I..D.    2d  ed.,  with  Portrait.     P  i  eta.     si»  pp.  Bvo. 

1862.    Address  on  the  Opening  of  the  New  Il.dl  of  the  Medical 

Bchool  of  Maine.  Feb.  21st. 

Other  work--  of  Dr.  W La,  not  published  during  liis  connection  with  Bowd. 

Coll..  1 1 1 : i \  he  found  in  the  Literarj  and  Theological  Review, edited 
by  him  (1834  to  1837).  Among  these  are  articles  on  Reform  and  Radi- 
calism —  Comparative  View  of  the  Lives  and  Systems  of  Augustine 
and    Pelagius,  translated    from    Meander  —  Contrast   between    the 

Lutheran  and  Calvinistie  Theories,  translated  from    Sehleiennaeher  — 

Review  of  Goethe's  Wilhelm  Meister,  inN.  P.  Willis's  Nevt  Monthly; 
Boston,   i^-s  —  Christian  Theology,  -   vols.,  translated  from    l>r. 

Knajip;  New  York,  1881  '88.  Also  several  articles  in  the  Collec- 
tions of  the  Maine  Historical  Society,  and  elsewhi 

I'VMIIII  I    1  S. 

N. .  i  >      ii  w.is  do!  iiiir  intention  .it  lirst  to  notice  is  tins  Catalogue  tin  publication 
"i    Pamphlet       Onl)   one  hoaae,that  of  l     I     Daren  of  Bangor,  whose  record  is 
i  oi  ni  ■  U  'i  « itli  the  Bangor  Theologii  il  Seminary,  baa  tent  in  rach  .i  1 1 — t      In 
Mr   Duron's  record,  with  that  of  the  pamphlet  literature  of  Bowdoin,  we  trust  will  be 
found  sufficient  historical  Internal  to  warrant  the  pr  deviation  from  our 

mis  bj  tin  ir  insertion.    The  names  of  man]   other  pamphlets  of  interest  will  U- 
sound  in  i>ur  gi  in  r  ii  (  it  dogue  under  the  names  of  their  respective  authors. 


BIBLIOGRAPHY.  229 

HALLOWELL. 

PUBLICATIONS    OF   GOODALE,    GLAZIER   AND    CO., 
AND    THEIR    SUCCESSORS. 

Goodale,  Ezekiel,  commenced  the  book-selling  and  book-binding  business 
in  Hallowell  as  early,  probably,  as  1800,  and  the  printing  and  pub- 
lishing business  as  early  as  1810.  He  published  the  Hallowell  Col- 
lection of  Church  Music,  compiled  by  Samuel  Tenney ;  an  English 
Grammar,  by  Jonathan  Morgan,  and  two  original  abridgments  of 
Lindley  Murray's  English  Grammar ;  Kinne's  Arithmetic  ;  History  of 
the  Bible  and  Jews  ;  The  Songs  of  Zion,  by  Moses  Springer,  Jr. ; 
The  Instrumental  Director,  by  Samuel  Tenney  ;  The  Columbian 
Header,  by  Rodolphus  Dickinson  ;  The  Northern  Harmony,  a  collec- 
tion of  church  music,  compiled  by  Abraham  Maxim.  He  commenced 
in  1819  the  publication  of  the  Maine  Farmer's  Almanac,  edited  that 
year,  and  the  succeeding  year,  by  Moses  Springer,  Jr.,  and  for  many 
subsequent  years,  by  Daniel  Robinson. 
In  1820  Mr.  Goodale  formed  a  copartnership  with  Andrew  Masters* 
—  who  had  been  in  charge  of  the  printing  office  since  1815  —  and 
Franklin  Glazier,  which  continued  until  1824  under  the  name  of 
Goodale,  Glazier  and  Co.,  and  subsequently,  Glazier  and  Co.,  until 
the  death  of  Mr.  Goodale  in  1828.  The  publishing  business  in  its 
various  branches  was  continued  by  Glazier,  Masters  and  Co.  (Justin 
E.  Smith)  until  1847,  when  Mr.  Glazier  sold  his  interest  to  Danforth 
P.  Livermore,  the  business  being  continued  under  the  firm  name  of 
Masters,  Smith  and  Co.,  until  the  retirement  of  Mr.  Smith  in  1871. 
The  business  is  still  continued  under  the  title  of  Masters  and 
Livermore.  These  firms  continued  the  publications  of  the  more  im- 
portant publications  of  Mr.  Goodale. 

PUBLICATIONS    OF    MASTERS    AND    LIVERMORE. 
LAW. 

AprLETON,  John.    Report  of  Cases  decided  in  S.  J.  C.  of  Maine  —  2  vols. 
Adams,  James.  "  "  "  " 

*  Mr.  Goodale  was  not  a  practical  printer,  but  established  the  office  in  connection 
with  James  Burton,  Jr.,  in  181L  This  connection  was  dissolved  in  1815.  Mr.  Masters 
served  his  time  as  an  apprentice  in  the  printing  business  with  C.  JNorris  and  Co.,  in 
£xeter,  N.  H.,  and  came  to  Hallowell  and  took  charge  of  Goodale's  office  in  1815. 


280  THE  PRESS  01    MAINE 

WILL.        MASTERS    AKD    CO.    r,mtmued. 

Rakkk,  Henry  K.     Maine  Justice,  revisi 

UAH,  Philip.     Digeel  of  I1  I  v.  J.  '  .     :'  Maine,  reported  in 

\<>\s.  ]  to  26,  Maine  Rep 

Kuukiki.i.,  John.    Report  leeided  in  S.  J.  C.  of  Maine  — 

O&l  i  m  ii  i ,  Simon.        "  ••  u  1  ft  8, 

Hi  \ni.  Solyman.  ••  "  "  5  vols. 

HUBBABD,    W  "  "  "  7  vols. 

Oi.ivkk,  Benjamin  L.    Practical  Conveyancing. 

American  Precedents  in  Penonal  and  Real  A   I 
PKBLST,  Jeremiah.     Maine  Justice. 

Maine  Town  Officer.     The  first  edition  WM  pn 
by  J.  M.  O'Brien,  and  published  by  J.  Griffin. 

Maine  Civil  Officer. 
RkdiNOTon,  Asa.     Report  of  Caeea  decided  in  S.  J.  C.  of  Maine  —  0  vols. 
Sin  ri  i.v.  John.  "  "  "  17  vols. 

BTBABHB,  AsaheL     Treatise  on  Real  Actions. 
Si  \ti  n  -  of  Maine.      Knacted  in  L821. 
:   IK    1.  NTS  of  Maine.      1822  to  I  S 

raa    :'  Maine.     Rerieed  in  1841.    ditto  reviaed  in  1867. 

VlKi.IN,  Win.   Wirt.      Report  of  CaSM  decided  in  S.  .1.  (   .      '   M 

ma  of  S.  .1.  ('.  of  Maine,  reported  in 
vol-.  -  M  R 

-i  BOOL. 
PisK,  Allen.    Murray's  English  Grammar — Simplified.     Ditto  Abri 
Goodals,  Ephraim.     New  Pleasing  Spelling  Book. 
Gbj    n   .  R  English  Grammar. 

Bawes,  BLosea.     Q.  S.  Spelling  Book. 
Jh\w  i  i.   Albert  G.      BesOUt's  Arithmetic;  translated  from  the  French. 

l.ii.   [noma   J.    Spelling  Hook;  Primary  Class  Book]   National  I 

Book. 
Ni  \\  m  \\.  Samuel  P.    Rhetoric. 
l;     atsoM,  DanieL    Kinne's  Arithmetic,  revised. 
Smtth,  Wiiii.mi.     Elements  of  Algebra. 
Si  km  i  i 'a  French  Grammar. 

MUSICAL   WOBMB. 
Flnte  Instructor  |  Violin  do. ;  Drum  and  Pife  do. ;  Clarionet  do.) 

I  .let  do. j  Ancient   Harmon]  Revived)  Wealeyan  Harmony, by 

II  i  -         ofZion,  bj  I     I  •  N         is  and  Smith  Hinckley  { 
Temple  Harmony,  l>>  J.  C.  Washburne. 


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HALLOWBLL.       MASTERS  AND   CO.  continued. 

MISCELLANEOUS. 

Eaton,  Cyrus.    Annals  of  Warren. 

Hist,  of  Thomaston,  Rockland,  and  E.  Thomaston — 2  vols. 
Glazier,  William  B.     Poems. 

Locke, .     History  of  Camden. 

Mower,  Sarah  S.     The  Snow  Drop. 

Martin, .     An  Old  Soldier's  Narrative. 

Norcross,  Christopher  T.     Sacred  Songs. 
Starrett,  David.     Memoirs  of  Mrs.  Starrett. 
Vaughan,  Benjamin.     A  Treatise  on  Agriculture. 
Williamson,  William  D.     History  of  Maine — 2  vols. 

Masters,  Smith  and  Co.  were  publishers  of  the  Maine  Register  for 
many  years. 


BANGOR. 

PUBLICATIONS    OF   D.  BUGBEE   AND   CO. 

Native  Poets  of  Maine.    Bangor,  1851.     312  pp.  12mo. 

Voices  of  the  Kenduskeag.     Various  authors.     1848.     286  pp.  12mo. 

PUBLICATIONS   OF   E.  F.  DUKEN. 

DUREN,  E.  F. 

Manual  of  Hammond  St.  Cong.  Church,  1833  to  1871.    52  pp.  12mo. 
Minutes  (annual)  of  General  Conference  of  Congregational  Churches 

in  Maine  from  1853  to  1871.     Portland  and  Bangor. 
Churches  and  Ministers  of  the  Congregational  order  in  Maine  from 

1672  to  1867.     Portland.     67  pp.  8vo. 
Minutes  (annual)  of  the  Penobscot  Musical  Association  from  1847 

to  1871. 
Harris,  Samuel,  D.D. 

Oration,  July  4,  1861.     Bangor.   Wheeler  and  Lynde. 

Total  Abstinence  ;  a  Discourse  preached  in  Bangor,  August  7,  1860v 

Wheeler  and  Lynde. 

For  other  writings  by  Dr.  Harris  see  Bibliotheca  Sacra. 


Til  r.    PR  ESS   OF    MMN  B, 

■  a.     f.  r.  iiL-Bf.s  etmUmmit 

Bev.  Alfred  K. 
Discourse  on  the  Death       ;  nt  Lincoln.   Bangor.  Wheeler  and 

Lynde,  Ifi 
M  \i  ii'v.  Rev.  John. 

Primitive    tnd  M  dern   Piety.     Bennon  at  the  Ordination  of  B 

Cyrna  Hamlin,  Missionary   to   Constantinople,  at   Portland.  Oct. 

a,  is 
Characteristica  of  the  Times.     Fasl  Day  Sermon,  April  12,  I  - 
The  Offence;  a  Discourse  delivered  in   Bangor,  at  the  request  of  the 

Temper. i:.      '.       iation,  March,  1839. 
Impulses  of  Titty.     A  Discourse  preached  in   Hammond  St.  Church, 

Feb.  18,  1844. 
The  Error  and  the  Correction.     A  Sermon  delivered  before  the  Ham- 
mond St.  Congregation,  Nov.  28,  1845. 
Government.     A    Sermon   delivered  in   Hammond    St.   Church,  July 

20,  1858. 
A  Pattern  Church.     Bangor,  1859. 
I '  m  by  Professors  Bond  and  Shepard,  Commemorative  of  Bj  r. 

John  Maltl.y,  i 
POMBOT,  S.  L. 

Bennon  before  the  Maine  Congregational  Charitable  Association. 
Pohd,  Enoch,  D.D. 

The  Church     1887.    Second  edition,  revised,  1880.     128pp.  L8mo. 
Manual  of  Congregationalism,  prepared  for  the  General  Conference  of 

Congregational  Churches  in  Maine.     1859.     100  pp.  ISmo. 

Christian  Perfection.    Bangor.    S.  S.  Smith,  1841. 
i'    tor's  Guide,  ox  Lectures  on  Pastoral  Duties.  1844.  377  pp.  12mo. 
Probation.     B>7  pp.  I8ma 


A  CATALOGUE, 


EMBRACING    MAINE    WORKS,    NOT    NAMED    IN    THE    PRECEDING 
PUBLISHERS'   LISTS. 


Abbott,  Rev.  Jacob.     [Born  in  Hallowell ;   graduated  at  Bowdoin   Col- 
lege in  1820.] 

This  author  has  resided  a  part  of  his  time  in  Farmington,  Me.,  where 
the  Rollo  and  Lucy  Books,  the  Illustrated  Histories,  Science  for 
the  Young,  Gentle  Measures  in  the  Management  and  Training  of 
the  Young,  and  other  educational  works  were  written. 

Mr.  Abbott,  as  is  well  known,  has  written  principally  for  the  young. 
The  whole  number  of  his  works  is  about  one  hundred  and  fifty. 
Abbott,  Rev.  John  S.  C. 

Napoleon  I.     2  vols.     1276  pp.  royal  8vo. 

Napoleon  at  St.  Helena.     1  vol.  royal  8vo. 

The  French  Revolution  of  1789  as  viewed  in  the  light  of  Republican 
Institutions.     With  100  engravings.     New  York,  1859.     8vo. 

Confidential  Correspondence  of  Napoleon  and  Josephine.   1  vol.  12mo. 

History  of  Russia.     8vo. 

This  author  was  born  in  Brunswick,  and  graduated  at  Bowdoin  in  1825.  He  re- 
sided here  while  he  wrote  the  above  works,  that,  as  he  says,  he  "  might  avail 
himself  of  the  College  Library,  which  is  rich  in  French  literature."  The 
whole  number  of  distinct  books,  that  has  appeared  from  the  pen  of  this 
prolific  and  interesting  writer,  is  forty-two. 

Abbott,  Rev.  Gorham  D.     [Born  in  Brunswick ;  graduated   at  Bowdoin 
College  in  1826.] 

Among  other  works  which  this  gentleman  has  written,  is  a  History  of  Mexico. 
This  work  was  highly  commended  and  adopted  and  circulated  by  the 
Mexican  Government,  as  an  authentic  account  of  their  history  and  struggles. 

Gorham  D.  Abbott,  brother  of  Jacob,  and  John  S.  C,  is  the  third  son  of  the  late 
Jacob  Abbott,  who  was  born  in  Wilton.  JN.  H.,  1773;  came  to  Hallowell 
about  1800,  where  and  in  Brunswick  he  resided  several  years.  He  finally 
removed  to  Farmington,  where  he  closed  his  useful  life  in  18-17. 

30 


T  II  E    P  R  ESS   OF   M  W  \  C. 

Adams,  CI 

Di-  i  Sullivan.    Portland, 

Shirley  and  Hyde,  1825.    -Ji  pp.  - 
Adams,  Eliashib. 

A  So    esafb  A  Burr,  1871. 

pp.   12X00.      Portrait. 

Adams,  Thomas. 

inksgiving  Dis  tFan      gton.    HaUowell,  1819.  16pp.  G 

i  Kennebec  Conference.    Augusta,  1828. 
Address  before  the  Maine  Miss.  Soc    Portland,  1828.   40  pp. 
Sketch  of  thi  r.  D.  Thursl  a.    P    tiand,  1867.    B0pp8vo. 

Portrait. 
Adams,  G      -    I   .  D.D.      [Pastor  of  First  Cong.  Church  in  Brunswick, 
1830  to  1870.] 
Eulogy  on  Joseph  McKeen,  1        I  I  Bowd.  ColL,  delivi 

nt  his  interment.     Brunswick,  J.  Griffin,  1865. 
moo  before  Maine  Mi  Society.     Portland,  1840. 

-    nnni  on  the  death  of  Mrs.  Ellingwood,  relict  of  the  late  Rer.  J. 
W.  Ellingwood  of  Bath. 
A  i  lbn,  Rev.  Stephen. 

Address  al  the  Interment  of  John  A.  ('.  Fellows,  an  Instructor  in 
Bowd.  ColL,  Feb.  9,  1869. 

All .1  n.  William. 

History  of  Norridgewock.    Edwin  .'.  Peet,  1849.    252  pp.  l2mo. 

I  I     '  irj   of  Industry. 

I  ■■  aealogy  of  the  Allen  Family. 

Bad  bt,  Rev.  Jacob. 

The  Frontier  Missionary,  (Episoopal),   Memoir  of,  b)    William  S. 
Bartlett,  with  Preface  bj   Geo.   Burgess,  DJ>.     Boston,  18 
■  pp.  Bt  o. 

of,  describing  the  destruction  of  Falmouth.    Main.  II  ■•    v 
Collections,  V. 
I!  illabd,  K<  \  ■  Edward. 

Editor  of  Memorial  Volume  of  the  Popham  Celebration. 
Barlj    llistors   of  the  Protestant    Episoopal  Church  in  D 
M  Hist.  S      <  'ollections,  \  l. 

V,  \k  of  Cumberland. 

i'  f,  on  the  death  of  Win.  Pitt  Fessenden,  lv 


BIBLIOGRAPHY.  235 

Bartlett,  William  S. 

Life  of  Rev.  Jacob  Bailey.     1852.     366  pp.  £vo. 
Becket,  S.  B. 

Hester,  Bride  of  the  Islands  (Casco  Bay).     A  Poem.     336  pp.  12mo. 
Benson,  Samuel  P. 

Historic  Address  at  Wiuthrop  Centennial  Celebration,  May  20,  1871, 
with  Poem  by  J.  W.  May. 
Blaine,  J.  G.     Memoir  of  Luther  Severance.     Augusta,  1856.     33  pp. 
Bradbury,  Charles.     History  of  Kennebunkport.     1837.     300  pp.  12mo. 
Boardman,  Samuel  L. 

The  Agriculture  and  Industry  of  Kennebec  County,  with  notes  upon 
its  History  and  Natural  History.     1867.     200  pp.  8vo. 

Agricultural  Survey  of  Somerset  County.     1860.     75  pp.  8vo. 
Bolster,  W.  W, 

Tax  Collector  and  Form  Book.     Dresser  and  Ayer.     450  pp.  8vo. 
Bosworth,  Rev.  Dr. 

Dedication  of  Memorial  Hall,  Colby  University.     "Waterville,  1869. 
Bowdoin  College. 

Charter,  By-Laws,   Decision  of  the   Circuit  Court,  etc.     J.  Griffin, 
1850.     60  pp.  8vo. 
Burgess,  Bishop.     Sermon  at  Gardiner.     1855. 

Sermon  on  the  death  of  R.  H.  Gardiner.     Boston,  1864.     20  pp.  8vo. 

Champlin,  J.  T.,  D.D.    President  of  Colby  University,  Waterville. 
1841.     Discourse  on  the  death  of  Pres.  Harrison. 
1843.     Demosthenes  on  the  Crown. 

1845.  Kuhners  Elementary  Latin  Grammar. 

1846.  Apollos,  or  the  Preacher.     A  Sermon,  preached  before  the 

Baptist  Convention. 
1849.     Popular  Orations  of  Demosthenes. 
"        Aeschines  on  the  Crown. 

1859.  Butler's  Analogy  and  Ethical  Discourses. 

1860.  Text-book  of  Intellectual  Philosophy. 
1862.     First  Principles  of  Ethics. 

1868.     Lessons  on  Political  Economy. 

1870.     Historical  Discourse  at  the  Fiftieth  Anniv.  of  Colby  Univ. 
Chickering,  J.  W.,  D.D. 

On  the  Decalogue.     Boston,  1839.     257  pp.  12mo. 

Hill-Side  Church.     1856.     280  pp.  12mo. 

First  Ripe  Fruits.     Sanborn  and  Carter,  1859.     72  pp.  18mo. 


T  H  E    PRESS  01     M  \  I  N  r. . 

Coan,  L.  S.    Centennial  Discourai    .•  Boothbay.     Boston,  186< 
Cham,  Marshall. 

Address  delivered  at  tbi    Di       tion  of  the  Town-house  in  Bridgton, 
1852.     Portland  j  Brown  Thurston.    42  pp.  8vo. 
CUSHM  \n.  Rev.  David  Q. 

Ancient  Bettlemenl  of  Bheepscot    Maim-  Sist  B    .  <    1L,  [V, 
( '  l  M  m  i  \  < .  - . 

Memoir  of  Edward  Payson,  D.D.,  with  a  Selection  of  He  Bern 
in  :;  vols.  8vo.    600  pp.  each.     Portland,  Byde  and  Lord,  1849. 

M<  moii  of  Marion  I..  Burd,  of  Fryeburg.     18mo. 

Senium  delivered  in  Gorham  before  the  Maine  Mi  .8  me,  lN_'N. 

DAVTJB8,  Charles  B. 

Address  delivered  at  Pryeburg,  on  the  First  Centennial  Celebration  of 

Lovell's  Fight.     Portland ;  James  Adams,  jr.,  L825.     64  pp.  - 
Discourse  on  the  death  of  Adams  and  Jefferson.     Portland;  1826. 
Address  before  the  Alumni  of  Bowdoin  College.     Portland,  Is-;"'. 
Deane,  Samuel,  D.D.  [( trdained  over  First  Parish  in  Falmouth,  Oct.,  1764.] 
Ntw  England  Farmer.     1790,    332  pp.  E 

Sermon  at    the    Funeral  of  Thomas  Smith.    Portland,  1796.     s\". 
Benjamin  Titcomb,  jr. 
]>i  \m  ,  John  G. 

Historical    Report    and   Argument  in  Relation  to  N.  K.   Boundary 
Question,  submitted  to  Bung  of  Holland. 

Hl.l  ttTNO,  Nathaniel. 

Carrabasset    A  Play,  on  Indian  Traditions.     l2mo.    Portland,  ls:'>n. 

saris.     A  Tragedj . 
Also,  several  Ballads. 

I»KI  W,    Rev.    William  A. 

Glimpses  and  Gatherings  of  a  Voyage  and  Visit  t<>  London  and  the 
G  Exhibition  in  the  Summer  of  1861.  Augusta;  Unman  and 
Manley.     i<»i  pp.  12mo.     Portrait. 

Easi  i  kn  Coasi  of  N.  America. 

lis  Discovery,  with  earliest   Maps,  bj  1.0,  Kohl  of  Germany.     Re* 
vised  for  the  press  bj  Dr.  Leonard  Woods.    Maine  Hist.  So 

Collections,   vol.    I,   Hew    K 

ins.     Bistor)  of  Warren.     IS7  pp.  !2mo.     Ballowell,  1861. 
His  tor)   of  Rockland  and  South  Thomaston,  with   Familj  Genealo- 
gies,    Ballowell,  Is'        8 1    s.,  rjiuo. 


BIBLIOGRAPHY.  237 

Eaton,  Samuel. 

Eulogy  on  Hon.  Jacob   Abbott,  grandfather  of  the  Abbott  writers. 

Brunswick  ;  J.  Griffin,  1820. 
Sermon  at  the  Interment  of,  at  Harpswell,  1822. 
Editors  and  Publishers'  Association. 

Yearly  Transactions  of,  published  annually  (with  two  exceptions)  since 
1863.     Each  number  about  56  pp.  8vo. 
Ellis,  Rev.  Jonathan. 

Topographical  Description  of  Topsham,   Sagadahoc  County.     Mass. 
Hist.  Soc.  Coll.  III. 
Episcopacy. 

Journal  of  48th  Annual  Convention  at  Bangor,  July,  1867,  including 
the  Consecration  of  Bishop  Neely,  and  his  Address.     Portland. 
76  pp.  8vo. 
Everett,  Ebenezer,  Counsellor  at  Law. 

Editor  of  the  Revised  Statutes  of  Maine. 

Biographical  Notice  of,  by  ¥m.  Willis,  in  N.  Eng.  Hist,  and  Geneal. 
Register,  XXIV.,  81. 

Fletcher,  Rev.  Nathaniel  H. 

Sermon  at  the  Ordination  of  Rev.  Daniel  Little,  Kennebunk.     1800. 
Folsom,  George. 

History  of  Saco  and  Biddeford.     Alexander  Putnam,  1830.     331  pp. 

12mo. 
Address  at  the  Popham  Celebration,  1864. 
Freeman,  Samuel.     Editor  of  Smith  and  Deane's  Journal. 

Author  of  Mass.  Town  Officer,  1793  ;  Clerk's  Assistant;  Probate  Di- 
rectory, etc.     B.  Titcomb,  jr. 
Freeman,  Charles.     History  of  Limerick.    Maine  Hist.  Soc.  Collections,  I. 
Freeman,  Rev.  Charles. 

Uses  of  Baptism.     Portland.     100  pp.  18mo. 

Society  to  be  made  Christian.     Sermon  before  the  Maine  Mis.  Society 
at  Bath,  1834.     Portland  ;  Merrill  and  Byram. 

Gardiner,  R.  H.     History  of  Gardiner.     Maine  Hist.  Soc.  Coll.,  II. 
Geology   of  Maine,   in  two   Reports   to  the  Legislature   by  Charles  T. 

Jackson.     1836  and  1839. 
Godfrey,  John  E. 

Centennial   Celebration   of  the  Settlement  of  Bangor,    Sept.,  1869. 
Bangor;  B.  A.  Burr,  1870. 


r  ii  i:   PR  ESS  OF   M  \  i  \  E. 

m  .  S.  I..       -  B  '  -  iculture]. 

Igrioulture  of  Maine.     16  vols.,  Bva 
Goodwin,  Daniel  EL,  D.D.,     •    1'  r  in  Bowdoin  College. 

M  moiz  of  John  Merrick.     ><•  pp.  s\". 

.  i; 
Pracl        I    gush  Grammar.     \  Grammar  fox  Children.    Pub- 

liabed  by  Sanborn  and  Carter.    Portland,  1845. 
Gr]  bni  i  u .  M 

Statistical  View  of  the  District  of  Maine.     Boaton ;  Cumminga  and 

Hilliar.l.  1816.     154  pp.  ! 
Survej  of  Maine  in  reference  to  its  Geographical  Features,  v 
and   Political   Economy.     Portland;   Shirley  and   Eyde,   I 
168  pp.  ^ 
(ii;i  iM.i  w.  Bimon,  1. 1.. I ). 

Inquiry  Into  the  Origin  and  Principles    f  1  iry.    Portland. 

1 1  7  pp.  s\<>. 
Ft  porta  of  the  Sup.  Jud.  Courts  of  Maine —  1821-29.    9  i 
(iui.i  m  i  \r.  Jonathan.    Pastor  of  a  churcb  in  Wells. 

I  II    tory  of  Maine  from  the  earliest  settlement.     1' 

mouth;  Harrison  Gray,  is'_'i.    370  pp.  L2mo. 
G(      ,    gy  of  the  Greenleaf  Family.     116  pp.    Ne*  York,  1854. 

GBOTON,  Nathaniel. 

Biographical  notice  of  Rev.  •'.  W.  Starman,  author  of  an  A 

menta  in  Waldoboro*.    Maim   I!    •.  3    .  I      ..  V. 

HaCKL]  TON,  Mn.   Maria  W. 

Jamestown  of   Pemaquid.    A  Poem.    With  Historical  Introduction 
bj  Dr.  E.  Ballard. 
II  \m i  is.  ( lharlea  E. 

i  ie  of  Birds  found  m  the  ricinity  of  Waterville.     Ln  Report  of 

tarj  of  Board  of  Agriculture. 
II  \\-..\,  ,i.  w  . 

II .-'.  Sketch  of  the  Ahnaki  Indians.      Boston,  1849.      120  pp.  l'-'ino. 

Eliatorj    of    Gardiner,    w.   I    Gardiner,    and   Pittaton.     Gardiner] 

Win.  Palmer,  1862, 
Hiatorj  of  Norridgewock  and  Canaan.  :;T1  pp,  I2ma  B  Hi  a,  1849. 
History  ol  B  >omfield,  Skowhegan,  and  Starke.     12mo. 
Haywood,  John. 

.  and  of  tl  States.     Portland,  1856. 


BIBLIOGRAPHY.  239 

Herrick,  Jedidiah. 

Genealogy  of  the  Herrick  Family.     Bangor,  1846. 
Hill,  John  B. 

History  of  Mason,  N.  H.     Bangor  ;  S.  S.  Smith.     500  pp.  8vo. 
Hopkins,  James  D. 

Address  to  the  Members  of  the  Cumberland  Bar.    Day  and  Co.,  1833. 
79  pp.  8vo. 
Holmes,  Ezekiel. 

Exploration  and  Survey  of  Aroostook  Territory.     Augusta,  1849. 
Hodgdon,  John. 

Reports,  as  Adj.  Gen.  of  Maine,  from  1861  to  1866,  in  six  vols.,  con- 
taining names   of  Maine  Volunteers.      Augusta ;    Stevens  and 
Say  ward. 
Hott,  Edmund  S. 

Political  Manual  and  Annual  Register  of  Maine  for  1870. 

Ilsley,  Charles  P. 

Forest  and  Shore.     Scenery  about  Portland. 
Ives,  Rev.  A.  E. 

Sermon  before  the  Maine  Mis.  Society,  62d  Anniversary,  June,  1869. 
Portland. 

Jenks,  William,  D.D. 

Eulogy  on  Rev.  Joseph  McKeen,  President  of  Bowd.  Coll.  Portland  ; 

T.  W.  Waite  and  Co.,  1807. 
Eulogy  on  James  Bowdoin,  with  notices  of  his  family.     Pronounced 
at  Brunswick,  by  request,  Sept.  2,  1812. 
Jenkins,  Rev.  Charles. 

Sermons.     Portland.     407  pp.  12mo.     1832. 
Valedictory.     20  pp.  8vo.     Boston,  1824. 
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before  the  Augusta  Lyceum,  Decembex  31,  1862.    "The  Drama- 
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Sermon  at  the  Dedication  of  St  Lawrence  Church,  Portland.    21  pp. 

Portland,  ls-"<s. 
Elm  [aland  Series.    <i  vole.  l8mo. 

The  M'Lellan  Family.      The  OKI  Home.      Tee  and  Shepard. 

Whispering  Pine  Si 

Pleasanl  Com-  Series.  " 

Norman  Cline.    Mass.  S.  B.  Society. 
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Autobiography  of  a  laborious  life  in  the  Christian  Ministry,  in  various 
parts  of  Maine  and  Massachusetts.    200  pp.  18mo. 
K 1 1 >i 'iu.  Frederic. 

Anaki  Indians.      In  Hist.  S.  Coll.,  and  in  pamphlet      Portland.  I860. 

Ladd,  William.    (  See  Addenda.  1 

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On  Indian  Languages  and  Catholic  Missions  in  Maine.    Maine  Hist. 

Soc.  Coll.,  ?ol.  1.  new  edition,  p.    111'. 
].<H  ki  ,  John  I.. 

History  of  Camden,  Me.     1859.     HalloweU;M  ith  and  Co. 

'-'•■7  pp.  1 2mo. 
Historj  oi'  Belfast     1856.     16mo. 
LoRlNO,  \ 

Bistorj  of  Shapleigh.     Portland,  1854. 


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Hanks  and  Banking.     1 8 

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mi-nt.    The  object  was  attained  is  I  M 

••  Man."    Address  before  the  United  Brothers'  Society  Uni- 

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Wandering  Recollections  of  a  somewhat  busy  Lifts.  An  Autobiography. 
131  pp.  l2mo, 

••  Tin*  i*  ;i  prod 

piotu  and  rigoroui  vrrito  r  of  p"<  brj  and  romance,  Ibi  balf  i  century,  .inJ 
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Temperance  Address.    32  pp.  Bvo.    Portland,  lv-'s. 

\  ttural  Theology.  2d  edit  inn.    215  pp.  12mo.     B 
\\  m.  Hyde,  1881. 
Hours  wiiii  the  Evangelists.    2  vols.    400  pp.  each.     B< 
Nil  HOI  S,  Bei .  .1.    I  .  ( i 

mon  on  the  death  of  Samui    P  •-'• 

.  ii.  James  W 

II  •     \  IgUSta  from  its  esrKeSl    settlement  to  lsTO,  with  notices 

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Account  of  Popham's  Colony  on  the  Kennebec.     1607.     Maine  11.-'. 
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Centennial   l>i-  S  pt   l".   1868,  at   th  ttory  of  the 

Baptisl  Church,  N.  Berwick.     Biddeford,  18( 
man,  Jabi     II. 
G       dog)   of  the  Woodman   Family.     H  Brunswick]  J. 

•I'm.     Out  of  print. 

W'iiiiti  i .  Joseph. 

iphical  View,  with  reference  to  Internal  Resources ;  including 
11  .  Penobscot  102  pp.  Mu.    Bar. 

.  I  sir,. 
W'iiiiti. i.  Joshua.     P  I.  R    er.     102  pp.  8vo.     lsn;. 


ADDENDA, 


BY    E.    F.    DUREN, 


including  the  names  of  those  authors,  whose  books  are  to  be  found  only  under  the  names 
of  their  publishers. 

Adams,  Rev.  Aaron  C.    (Auburn).     Sermon  ;  Our  Hope.     Lewiston,  1860. 

In  Memoriam  of  Rev.  David  Thurston.     8vo.     Portland,  1865. 
Adams,  Rev.  John  C.     (Falmouth).     Sermon  before  the  Maine  Missionary 

Society.     8vo.     Portland,  1865. 
Adams,  Rev.  Solomon.     Temperance  Reports.     12mo.     Portland,  1831. 
Allen,  William,  D.D.,  p.  224. 
Appleton,  Jesse,  D.D.,  p.  223. 
Appleton,  John,  p.  229.     The  Rules  of  Evidence,  stated  and  discussed. 

284  pp.  8vo.     Philadelphia,  1860. 
Appleton,  Martha  W.  Hyde.      Recollections   of  Frederic.      72  pp.  18mo. 

Portland,  1847. 
Bailey,  Jeremiah.     Address  on  Fourth  of  July.     Wiscasset,  1805. 
Bailey,  Rev.  Winthrop.     (Brunswick). 

Sermon  at  National  Fast.     8vo.     Portland,  1812. 

Unity  of  God.     8vo.     Springfield,  1822. 

Christian  Fellowship.     8vo.     Greenfield,  1825. 
Baker,  Henry  K.,  p.  230. 
Balkam,  Rev.  Uriah.     (Lewiston). 

Sermon.     The  Christian  Workman.     Georgetown,  1847. 
"  Harper's  Ferry  Outbreak.     Lewiston,  1859. 

"  61st  Anniv.  Me.  Miss.  Soc.  at  Thomaston.  Portland,  1868. 

"  Meekness  of  Humility,  on  Fast  Day.  8vo.  Lewiston,  1871. 

*  Proof-sheets  of  the  preceding  forms  of  the  Bibliography  were  sent  to  Mr.  Duren, 
of  Bangor,  which  he  carefully  examined, —  making  some  corrections  and  additions. 
He  has  also  very  kindly  furnished  us  with  this  additional  list  of  Maine  authors,  which 
he  has  been  gathering  at  intervals,  as  he  had  opportunity,  with  the  hope  of  com- 
pleting it  at  some  future  time.  He  would  he  glad  to  receive  titles  of  Books  from 
authors  or  publishers. 

32 


250  TH  E   PRESS    OF    MA  IIS  E. 

I!  ibi  ;  h.  (Buxton  .1  -         a.  8vo.  Portland 

B  iBTOi .  Ret .  Cyrus  A.       N  '  A 

The  Ministry  at  large.     l2mo.     Boston,  1836. 
Di  \\     ■  <  liunli.    Bto.     Boston,  i  - 

Reform,  individual  and  public.    v\".    Boston,  lv  I 
B  kBTOi .  M  iry,  p.  221. 
Baptist  Minutes  and  Reports  of  Associations  and  Mi  I    mven- 

tions,  yearly,  1831  to  1872. 
li.wi.i  \ .  Rei .  Ki .ih.    i  N'  «  <  astle). 

Fashionable  Amusements.     W  1804. 

Bermoii  at  Ordination  of  Rev.  Philip  Spaulding,  P  L     Bvo. 

B  ii  kstown,  1809. 
Sermon  at  Ordination  of  Rev.  N.  B.  B.  Beman,  3d  Church,  Portland. 

Bvo.     Portland,  1810. 
Sermon.     Wine  Bibbers.     Boston,  1812. 

State  Fast  on  Peace.     Bvo.     Hallowell,  1812. 
"  Maine  Missionary  Boc.    8vo.        ••        1813. 

Bl  'Mil.  S.  !'•..  p.  220. 

Bbckwith,  Rev.  G.  C.     Portland).     Eulogy  on  Win.  Ladd.    Boston,  1841. 
Bk  km  1 1 .  Rev.  Geo.  W.     History  of  the  Fifth  M  rith  PortraH 

of  Rev.  John  R,  Adams,  of  Gorham,  Chaplain.     104  pp.    Portland; 
Hall  L.  Davis,  1871. 
Blake,  Rev.  Jos.   (Cumberland).    Thanksgiving  Sermon.    Portland,  1853. 
Blood,  Rev.  MighilL    (Buckstown,  now  Bucksport). 
B    mon  mm  Fast  Day.     s\".     Buckstown,  1808. 

before  Maine  Miss.  Soc.  at  Thomaston.     Bangor,  1820. 
m  .  Hon.  1'..  E.    i  BLennebunk). 

sir  William  PepperrelL     Hist.  Magazine.    Ni'\v  York, Jan.,  It 
!;<■-.  N  poh,  K-  r.  John.    (Phipsburg). 

Pastoral  Address  at  Lincoln  Conference.     Brunswick,  1838. 
.  Rev.  Alden.    i  Wiscasset). 

TwoSe is  on  Character  and  Kingdom  of  Christ.  Bva  B<  it<  a,  1796. 

•nun  at  Plymouth,  Dei  -  21,  1804.    Bvo.  305. 

at  Interment  of  Henrj  Knox,  at  Thomaston.  w  t,1808. 

Address  at  Opening  of  Academy,  Wiscasset.  16mo.    W 

P        i      pel  among  Indians.     s\...     Boston,  1832. 
B  H  sstbrook). 

Thanksgiving  Sermoi       I        urg,  1797, 
BRAY.  Oliver.     Masonic  Address,     Portland,  1N0S 


BIBLIOGRAPHY  211 

BROWN,  Rev.  Francis.     (North  Yarmouth). 

Sermon  at  Ordin.  of  Rev.  Allen  Greeley,  Turner.  8vo.  Portland,  1810. 
"  State  Fast.     8vo.     Portland,  1812. 

Fast  Day.    End  of  War.     8vo.     Hallowell,  1814. 
"  Maine  Missionary  Soc.,  Gorham.     8vo.     Hallowell,  1814. 

Calvin  and  Calvinism.     8vo.     Portland,  1815. 
Buck,  Levisa,  Mrs.,  p.  219. 

Buck,  Reuben.     Temperance  Address.     Kennebunk,  1831. 
Carpenter,  Rev.  Elbridge  G.     (Dexter). 

Sermon  at  51st  Anniversary  of  Maine  Missionary   Society,  Augusta, 
Augusta,  1858. 

Motives  to  Home  Missionary  Work. 

Tribute  to  a  Sainted  Wife.     Bath,  1854. 
Carruthers,  Rev.  John  J.     (Portland). 

Sermon  before  Maine  Miss.  Soc.  at  S.  Berwick.  8vo.   Portland,  1850. 
"         Thanksgiving  Day.     8vo.     Portland,  1862. 
Chapin,  Rev.  H.  B.    (Auburn).     The  Gift  and  the  Giver.    Portland,  1840. 
Chase,  Rev.  Benj.  C.     (Camden). 

Half  Century  Sermon  at  Camden.     8vo.     Boston,  1855. 
Cheever,   Rev.    Henry   T.     (Hallowell).     The  Whale   and   his  Captors. 

Island  World  of  the  Pacific.    Life  in  Sandwich  Islands.    Life  of  Capt. 

Conger.    Memoir  of  Nathaniel  Cheever,  1850.    Memoir  of  Rev.  Wal- 
ter Colton.     Voices  of  Nature.     Pulpit  and  Pew,  1852. 
Chickering,  J.  W.,  D.D. 

Sermon  before  Maine  Miss.  Soc.  at  Augusta.     Portland,  1846. 

Tract ;  What  is  it  to  believe  in  Christ  ?     New  York. 

Sermon  at  Interment  of  Rev.  J.  Bennett.     8vo.     Boston,  1847. 

Temperance  Address.     Portland,  1854. 

Sermon  at  Interment  of  Rev.  C.  Hurd  at  Fryeburg.     Portland,  1856. 
Cleaveland,  Parker,  LL.D.,  p.  225. 

Cochranism,  in  York  and  Cumberland  Counties.     8vo.     Boston,  1819. 
Coffin,  Rev.  Paul.     (Buxton). 

Sermon,  Ordin.  of  Ebenezer  Coffin,  Brunswick.     Newburyport,  1794. 
"         Election  Day,  Massachusetts.     Boston,  1799. 
"         Ordin.  of  Jeremiah  Noyes,  Gorham.     Portland,  1804. 
"         Ordin.  of  Jonathan  Cogswell,  Saco.     Kennebunk,  1811. 

Journey  from  Wells  in  1760.     N.  Eng.  Register;  Boston,  1855. 
Cogswell,  Rev.  Jonathan.     (Saco). 

Support  of  the  Gospel.     Kennebunk,  1819. 

Sermon  before  Maine  Miss.  Soc.,  Augusta.     Hallowell,  1819. 

Farewell  Sermon.     Saco,  1828. 


•j.", -J  THE  PRESS  01     MAINE. 

Coosw  ri  i ,  Rev.  Jon  tthan,  contimu  I    8  -  L83C 

Westm  I  livini  -.     II  irtford,  Is  i  ;. 

Scriptural  View  of  Inability.    New  Brunswick,  N.  J.,  It 
Coi  i .  Rev.  Albert    (Cornish). 

Tributi  •  i  ft  ■■.(..  W.  Cole,  BluehilL  300  pp.  l2mo.   Portland.  1846. 

Bennon  before  Maini   M       B  Portland,  ls7i. 

CO]  I  8WOBTH1  .  D.  ('..  p.  219. 
COLESWOBTHY,  S.  II.,  p.  219. 

Colman's  Miscellany.    A  monthly,  commenced  Jury,  1839.    Wm.  Cutter 

and  Grenville  Mellen,  edil  •     .     New  York. 

Condit,  Rev.  Jonathan  B.     (Portland). 

Sermon  before  Maine  Miss.  Society,  Bath,     8vo.     Portland,  1  —  1 1 . 

The  Missionary  Enterprise.     8vo.     Boston,  1864. 
Convention,  Maine.    Address  to  the  People.  64  pp.  4to.   Portland,  179L 

Proceedings  of.     Bvo.     Brunswick,  1816. 

Journal,  al  Brunswick.     86  pp.     rlennebunk,  1817. 

Address  to  tin-  People.     Portland,  1819. 

Debates,  bj  .1.  Perley.     :;i»i  pp.  L2mo.     Portland,  l^-'<>. 
Cbj  bs]  v.  Rev.  Noah.     (North  Yarmouth). 

Thanksgiving  Discourse  in  North  Yarmouth.     Portland,  1826. 

Burning  of  the  Phoenix.     L2mo.     Milwaukie,  1848. 
Cummino8,  Rev.  Asa.     (See  p.  65  ami  236). 

Sermon,  Stati   I       .  B  unswick.    8vo.     Brunswick,  1820. 

"        Ord.  <»('  Rev.  John  A.  Douglass,  Waterford.    Portland,  182L 
[ntermenl  <>t'Kr\.  P.  Chapin,  PownaL     Portland,  1839. 
Cubhm  \n.  Rev.  Joshua,    (Winslov. ). 

Thanksgiving  Sermon  al  Wlnslow.    Bvo.     Boston,  1846. 

Oration  al    Augusta,  Jul)  Ith.     ^\...     Augusta,  1807. 

Oration,  Jul)  4th.     Wiscasw  t,  ls"s. 
Ci  i  n  k.  Rev.  Edward  F.    (  Rockland). 

on,  Signs  of  the  Times.     Portland,  1844. 

17th  Anniversar)  ol  M     M       v        Bangor.  Augusta,  1864, 

Eulog)  nu  Abraham  Lincoln.     Boston,  1866. 

I      i)  mi  Infant  Baptism,  Mirror,  Aug.  20.     Portland,  iv 
Deani  .  8  imuel,  l>.l>.    (See  p.  I 

I  m  8ermoni  to  Yuan-  Men,     109  pp.  I2ma     Portland,  177.'.. 

I I  ition,  Jul)  Ith.     12mo.     Portland,  17 
Election  Sermon,  Massachusetts.     Boston,  1794. 
National  rhanksgiving  Sermon.     12mo.     Portland,  1796. 
Two  1 1  the  Hi  lurrection. 

(       mi  ol  I' i-.     I  806. 


BIBLIOGRAPHY.  253 

Dike,  Rev.  Samuel  F.,  D.D.     (Bath). 

Doctrines  of  the  New  Jerusalem.     8vo.     Boston,  1844. 
Donnell,  J.  O.,  p.  217. 
Drixkavater,  Anne  T.     Memoir  of  Mrs.  Deborah  H.  Porter,  wife  of  Rev. 

G.  C.  Porter,  Bangor.     269  pp.  8vo.     Sanborn  and  Carter,  1848. 
Drummond,  Rev.  James.     (Auburn). 

How  to  make  the  most  of  Life.     Lewiston,  1847. 
Duren,  E.  F.,  p.  231. 
Dwigiit,  Rev.  Edward  S.     (Saco). 

Sermon  before  Maine  Miss.  Society,  Searsport.    8vo.    Augusta,  1852. 

One  hundredth  Anniversary  of  Church,  Saco.     Saco,  1862. 
Dwight,  William  T.,  D.D.     (Portland). 

Thanksgiving  Sermon  ;  Religion  and  Freedom.    8vo.    Portland,  1836. 

Sermon  before  Maine  Miss.  Soc.  at  Brunswick.     Portland,  1839. 

Discourse  on  the  death  of  President  Harrison.     Portland,  1841. 

Address  at  Yale  College.     8vo.     New  Haven,  1844. 

Adaptation  of  Truth.     Boston,  1846. 

Address  at  50th  Anniversary  of  Maine  Miss.  Soc.     Portland,  1857. 

Oration  July  4th  at  Portland.     8vo.     Portland,  1861. 
Eastman,  Philip,  p.  230. 
Eaton,  Cyrus,  p.  231. 
Ellingwood,  Rev.  John  W.,  D.D.     (Bath). 

Sermon  before  Soc.  on  Suppression  of  Vice  in  Bath.    Boston,  1815. 
"  "     Maine  Miss.  Soc.  at  Norridgewock.     Hallowell,  1817. 

*         at  Ordin.  of  Rev.  Isaac  Weston,  Boothbay.    Portland,  1818. 
"         at  Ordination  of  Rev.  C.  Frost,  Bethel.     Bath,  1822. 
"         at  the  Interment  of  Rev.  Samuel  Eaton,  of  Harpswell.    1822. 

The  Fifth  Commandment.     Bath,  1828. 
Ellis,  Rev.  Thomas  L.     (Kittery). 

The  Observance  of  the  Sabbath.     8vo.     Worcester,  1872. 
Elvin,  Rev.  Richard.     (Scarboro).     Obedience  of  Faith.     8vo.     1747. 
Emerson,  Rev.  John  D.     (Biddeford). 

Memorial  of  the  Pilgrims.     12mo.     Biddeford,  1870. 

Sermon  preached  in  Second  Church  at  Biddeford.     1872. 
Emerson,  Samuel.     (Wells).     Oration  on  Medicine.     Portland,  1801. 

Anniversary  of  St.  John  Baptist.     Saco,  1806. 
Fairfield,  John,  p.  230. 

Fairfield,  Jotham.     Oration  July  4th  at  Waterville.     Augusta,  1813. 
JFessenden,  Rev.  Samuel  C.     (Rockland). 

Discussion  on  Temperance.     8vo.     Boston,  1852. 

Sermon  before  Maine  Miss.  Society,  Portland.     Augusta,  1855. 


•j;,  1  T  II I'.    I'  R  ESS   OF    .M  \  I  \  l 

PlBED  .athan.     (Bluehill). 

•  <  I  f  Rev.  M  trshfl       Steele,  Id  I B01. 

1 1 1  f.  1 1 1 1  1  dedication.  804. 

Scripture  Animals,  with  Qlusti  1  on  wood  by  himself 

:;iT  n>.  12m  .     Portland,  18 
Pbk,  Allen,  p.  - 

FlSEB,  Rev.  ■' ohn  0.,  1>.1».     Bermon  at  the  60th  An: 
M  Society  at  ]  o.    Portland,  l  E 

D  -  ourse  on  the  deatli  of  Zachary  Taylor.    8vo.     Bath, 
Gen.  Win.  Kin-.     - 
"  National  Past     Bvo.     1861. 

Maine  Miss.  Society  at  Portland.    Augu 
Pldoho,  Rev.  L  l>..  p.  219. 
i"i.i  n  in  a,  i'..  i'...  p.  220. 
Pri  m  !i.  Rev.  William,  p.  219. 
Frost,  Rev.  Charles.    (Bethel).    Sermon  before  M  i      M'--'    \a  j  v 

at  Portland.     Is  i7. 
Gals,  Rev.  Wakefield.    (Eastport). 

Sermon  at  Dedication  of  Meeting-house,  Eastport.     Portland,  1^-".'. 
The  Soul  returning  t  <  >  it  -  J  i .  at     Bvo.     Boston,  1840. 

.t  Interment  of  I.  Patch.  iton,  1862. 

Garland,  Rev.  David.  (Bethel).    The  Sainfa  B  tland,  184& 

(in.i.i  ii.  Rev.  Bliphalet  D.D.     (Hallowell). 

•-  of  Maine   Missionary  Society,  1807  to   lv- 
averaging  yearly  30  to  id  pp. 
Sermons.    Ordination  of  Rev.  Bugh  Wallis,  Bath.     1795.    National 
Fast  Hallowell.     1799.    Ordin.  of  Rev.  John   Dane,  Newfield. 
1803.     Baptism,  Winthrop.     1804,    Thanksgiving  Day.     1804. 
Stat     Past     1808.     Third   Anniversary  of  Maine   Missionary 
ty,    Bath.     1SH».    Ordination  of  Rev,    II.    Loomis,   Ban- 
1811.      Fast   Day.      1811.     Thanksgiving  Day.      1811. 
National    Fast    Hallowell.     1812.    Ordination  of  Rev.    Daniel 
K.  ndrick,  Pittston.     1812.     D 

talboro.    1817.     Interment  of  M    -  l    lebrown,  Winthrop.  1817. 
Thanksgiving  Day.    1819.     Infant  Baptism.    1820.   Temperance. 
1821.    Ordin. 
I  Ministers  in  Maine,     l^  10. 

•    printed  it  II  ilia 


BIBLIOGRAPHY.  255 

Gilman,  Rev.  Edward  W.     (Bangor). 

Sermon  after  his  Installation.     Bangor,  1859. 

Address  on  Music.     Bangor,  1863. 

Methods  of  promoting  the  fellowship  of  the  churches.     1871. 
Gilman,  Rev.  Tristram.     (N.  Yarmouth). 

Discourse  at  the  Funeral  of  Hon.  D.  Mitchell.     Portland,  1796. 
Glazier,  William  B.,  p.  231. 

Goddard,  Henry.  (Portland).  Poetic  and  Prose  Writings.  Portland,  1866. 
Godfrey,  Hon.  John  E.     p.  237. 

Bashaba  and  the  Tanatines.     Hist.  Magazine.  New  York,  Feb.,  1868. 
Goodale,  Ephraim,  p.  230. 
Goodale,  Ezekiel,  p.  229. 
Gould,  Maj.  J.  M.,  p.  221. 
Greeley,  Rev.  Allen.     (Turner).     Sermon  before  Maine  Miss.  Society,  at 

17th  Anniversary,  Bangor.     Hallowell,  1824. 
Greenleaf,  Rev.  Jonathan.     (Wells). 

Sermon  at  Ordination  of  Rev.  J.  T.  Hawes.     1828. 

Sketch  of  Wells,  in  Maine  Hist.  Collections.     1831. 

Editor  of  Sailor's  Magazine,  monthly.     New  York,  1833-'41. 

Memoir  of  Jonathan  Parsons,  in  Am.  An.  Register.     1841. 

History  of  Churches  in  New  York  City.     1846. 

Sketch  of  Lyndon,  Vt.     1852. 
Harris,  Rev.  Samuel,  D.D.,  p.  231. 

Christ's  presence  with  his  Ministers.     8vo.     Pittsfield,  1847. 

Mexican  War.     8vo.     Greenfield,  1847. 

Christ  the  theme  of  the  Sanctuary.     Northampton,  1850. 

Temperance  Address.     Bangor,  1859. 

Politics  and  the  Pulpit.     Portland,  1860. 

Our  Country's  Claim.     Bangor,  1861. 

Sermon  at  56th  Anniv.  Maine  Miss.  Soc,  Biddeford.    Portland,  1863V 

Address  at  Centennial  Anniversary  of  the  Settlement  of  Machias. 
180  pp.  8vo.     Machias,  1863. 

Zacheus  ;  Prize  Essay  on  Benevolence.     87  pp.  18mo.     Am.  Tr.  Soc. 

Christ's  prayer  for  the  death  of  his  Redeemed.     18mo.    Boston,  1865. 
Hathaway,  Rev.  Geo.  W.     (Bloomfield). 

Sermon  at  36th  Anniv.  of  Maine  Miss.  Soc,  Bangor.   Portland,  1843. 
"  Funeral  of  Rev.  Josiah  Peet,  Norridgewock.         "        1852. 

Discourse  on  Temperance.     Skowhegan,  1854. 
Hawes,  Hosea,  p.  230. 


250  Til  I'.    PRESS    OF    MAINE. 

Bawes,  Rev.  Josiah  1  Sharon).    The  Praise  of  God's  Good 

in  memory  of  lira.  Haw  ington,  1847. 

11  \vi.i  n.  I;.  •..  Wn  ,  B       Portland). 

ind  Work  of  Christ    84  ]>p.  l2mo.     I-  -•  a,  1858. 
Uwm  8,  Rev.  I).  ('..  p.  217. 

.  i.  Sotyman,  p.  230. 
]|  Frederic  H.,  DJ).    (Bangor). 

Character  of  Dr.  Channii  -  L842. 

The  National  Weakni         B  rton,  1861. 
Death  of  Edward  Everett     Boston,  1865. 
Ht.MMi.Nw  w.   I;        ni        .      \\  Obligation  and  encouragement  tip 

the  unregeneral  I  the  means  of  grace. 

Replj  to  Rev.  S.  Bopkins.    227  pp.     Boston,  177-;. 
Controversial  Works.     1784. 

Election  Sermon.  Massachusetts.    52  pp.     Boston,  1784. 
Concerning  the  Church,  Administration  of  Ordinances,  etc.     123  pp. 

Bvo.     Boston,  1792. 
Sermon  at  Ordin.  of  Rev.  Jonathan  Calef,  Canaan  (Bloomfield).   8vo. 

II  illovvell.  17!'.-.. 
III!  I.,  Hon.  Mark  I..      (PhipsbUTg). 

On  Embargo  Laws.     Bath,  1825. 
Bobabt,  Rev.  Caleb.    (North  Yarmouth). 

Sermon  at  il-t  Aniii\.  of  Maim    M        v     .,  Bang  r.    Portland,  1848. 
1 1 <  >m  i  k.  Rev.  Win.  Bradford.    (South  Berwick). 

Writings,  edited  by  Prof.  Park.    896"  pp.  12mo.    Boston,  1849. 
Bofkins,  Rev.  BamueL    (Saco).    Thank 

The  Curse,  a  blessing.    Bvo.     Saco,  iv 

I  ma  at  the  Cross.   Isl  ed  1862  •.  2d  ed  -71  pp.  l2mo.  Boston,  *64. 
The  Puritans.    3  vols.  8vo.     Boston,  1869  '61. 

bton,  Edwin  B.    Campaigns  of  the  Seventeenth  Maine  Regiment 
333  pp.  L2mo.     Portland]  short  and  Loring,  is>''''>. 
Bowl .  I'..,  jr.,  p.  217. 

II  B  \KI>,    Wale-.   ]).   2  K). 

III  KK  Rev.  Carlton,    i  Fryebu 

Sermon  at  31st  Anniv.  of  M         Miss.  Soc,  8  Portland,  Is  18. 

[vtt,  Rev.  Alfred  E.    (Castine).    p.  232      l>  it  Funera     f  Bon. 

1     Re  kwi  1.     Wn  Dtham,  1848. 

II  ourse  on  the  death  of  Rev.  E.  Wright     Greenfield,  1862. 
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Smiiii,  1;  ■•..  Henrj  B.,  1>.1>..  I.I..D.    (Natireof  Portland),  a  distinguished 
P  r  in  the  Union  TheoL  Sem*]  fT  V..— author  of  several 

litrran  and  theologioal  works. 

Surra  Minot). 

Bermon  at  65th  Annir.  Me.  W       Boo.,  81  Portland,  1872. 


BIBLIOGRAPHY.  265 

Smith,  Rev.  John,  D.D.     (Bangor). 

Sermons.  Ordin.  of  Rev.  T.  Eastman.  Randolph,  Vt.,  1801.  Instal- 
lation of  Rev.  Amasa  Smith,  Cumberland.  Portland,  180(3.  Fast 
Day.  Haverhill,  Mass.,  1813.  Ordin.  of  Rev.  Samuel  H.  Peck- 
ham,  Gray  ;  Rev.  Isaac  E.  Wilkins,  Garland  ;  Rev.  Henry  White, 
Jackson.  Portland,  1825.  Ordin.  of  Rev.  Nathaniel  Wales, 
Belfast.  1828.  Ordin.  of  Rev.  Nathaniel  Bouton.  Concord, 
N.  H.,  1829.  23d  Anniversary  Maine  Miss.  Society,  Winthrop. 
Portland,  1830. 
Smith,  Rev.  Thomas,  1).D.     (Portland).     See  p.  245. 

Sermon  at  Ordin.  of  Rev.  Solomon  Lombard,  Gorham.     1750. 
Address  to  Seamen,  at  1st  Church,  Portland. 

Journal,  1720  to  1788.  156  pp.  12mo.   Portland,  1821.     New  edition, 
8vo.     Portland,  1849. 
Smith,  William  B.     History  of  Machias. 
Smyth,  William,  D.D.,  p.  226. 

Snow,  Rev.  Benj.  G.     (Native   of  Brewer).      Missionary   in   Micronesian 
Islands.     He   has  reduced   the  language  to  form,  and  prepared 
several  works,  which  have  been  published. 
Sermon  preached  in  Honolulu,  S.  I.     Portland,  1865. 
Soule,  Rev.  C,  p.  218. 

Sotjle,  Rev.  Chas.    (Portland).    Questions  on  Upham's  Philosophy.    12mo. 
Southworth,  Rev.  Alanson.     (South  Paris). 

Universal  Salvation.     18mo.     Portland,  1863. 
Sparhawk,  Thomas  S. 

Oration,  July  4th,  in  Buckstown  (now  Bucksport).     Boston,  1798. 
Starret,  David,  p.  231. 
Stearns,  Asahel,  p.  230. 
Stebbins,  Rev.  Horatio.     (Portland). 

In  Memoriam,  of  Rev.  Ichabod  Nichols,  D.D.     8vo.     Portland,  1859. 
Stephens,  Ann  S.     (Portland). 

Editress  of  Portland  Magazine,  vols.  1—2.     Portland,  1835-'36. 
Stephenson,  P.    (Portland). 

The  Hungarian  Struggle.    192  pp.  12mo.     Portland,  1855. 
Stevens,  Rev.  Benjamin.    (Kittery). 

Election  Sermon  in  Massachusetts.     72  pp.     Bostpn,  1761. 
Stone,  Rev.  Thomas  T.    (E.  Machias). 

Sermon  at  30th  Anniv.  Me.  Miss.  Soc,  N.  Yarmouth.  Portland,  1837. 
Justification.     Salem,  1847. 
Sermons.     356  pp.  12mo.     Boston,  1854. 
34 


Til  I.    PRESS  01     MAINE. 


M      I  .  W.  I'.,  p.  222. 
S\\  i  i  psi  E,  Samuel,  p 

Sui  i  rw  a,  B       B  arch  in  Gardiner,  Is  I 

wrote  several  work*  which  were  published  while 
Living  1  ,1845;Our  Favored  Inheritaii  Harmony 

of  Faith  and  Works,  1851  :  I  Sermon,  1861. 

Tu..  oi  i.  i,  -    lith,  1>.D.     i  II  mgor).     p.  246. 

■n  MfthAnnhr.  Me.  M  is,  B        I      da.     Portland,  1856. 
Jesus  Christ  himself  the  all-sufficient  eviden  danity.    61pp. 

Boston  Lectun  ton,  L871. 

Tappan,  Rev.  Benjamin.    Aug  B  ep.  246. 

Address  and  Celebration  of  Pi   •  ■  .     Ballowell,  1815. 
Sermon  al  L4th  Anniv.  Main  Wella.     HalloweU,  1821. 

Sermon,  Kennebec  Miss.  Boc  at  Winthrop.     Hallowell,  1822. 
Bermon,  Funeral  of  Rev.  Fifield  Holt,  Bloomfield.  1881. 

Sermon,  [ntermenl  of  Rev.  I'..  Gillett,  D.D.     HalloweU,  1848. 
Tappan,  Rev.  Benjamin,     (Norridgewock). 

Sermon,  Our  Help  in  God.     Death  of  Lsaai    Adams.     Boston,  1855. 
Sermon,  Death  of  Dea.  Mclntyre.     Boston,  1864. 
Tin.  Rev.  Benjamin,  !■'..  1>.1».    (Bangor). 

on  death  of  President  Harrison,     Bvo.     Bangor,  1841. 
The  National  Crisis.     Bangor,  1861. 
Temperance.     Firal  Annual  Report    Belfast,  1833. 
Tn\<  BEE,  Stephen.    Oration,  Julj  1.  Kennebunk.     s         B<  rton,  lsll>- 
Tin  asTOM,  Rev.  David,  1>.1).    (Winthrop).     See  p.  246. 

Sermon,  Ordination  of  Rev.  David  Smith,  Temple.     Hallowell.  1811. 

9th  Anniv.  Maine  Miaa.  Boc,  Saco.  M  ls',;- 

Onliii.  of  Rev.  Samuel  Johnson,  Alna.  "  ls's- 

Installation  of  Rev.  Henry  Bewail,  BetheL          "  1819. 

I;  formation  of  Morals,  Norridgewock,  1819. 

Senium  at  Annual  Fast,  Winthrop.  1821. 

1825. 

1 I     ourae  at  Funeral  of  Eatbei  S  Portlai 

Senn. .n  preached  on  his  80th  Birth-Day.  iton,  1859. 

Dedication  of  Meeting-Houae,  Litchfield.       Portland,  is"T. 
'I  in  EurroN,  Rev.  I  Hi.    i  HalloweU). 

;    .  \ •.: ,.\.  Maine  Miaa.  8        Bath.     Portland.  18 
Thurston,  Mrs.  Jane  P.     (Portland). 

Appeal  to  m)  Countrymen.     Portland,  is,'i 


BIBLIOGRAPHY.  267 

Thurston,  Rev.  Richard  B.    ("Waterville). 

Completeness  in  Christ.     Springfield,  1857. 

Relation  of  the  Pulpit  to  the  State.     Springfield,  1857. 
Thurston,  Rev.  Stephen,  D.D.     (Searsport). 

Sermon  at  29th  Anniv.  Maine  Miss.  Soc,  Augusta.      Portland,  1836. 

Perseverance  of  the  Saints.  "  1847. 

Sermon  at  Funeral  of  Rev.  J.  Fisher,  Bluehill.  "  1847. 

Semi-Centennial  Discourse  of  Church,  Searsport.  "  1865. 

Discourse  at  Winthrop  on  the  erection  of  a  tablet  in  memory  of  Rev. 
David  Thurston.    8vo.    Portland,  1871. 

Reports  Maine  Missionary  Society.     1864  to  1872. 
Thwing,  Rev.  Edward  P.     (Portland). 

Voice  from  the  Battle-field.     18mo.    Portland,  1862. 

Memorial  of  Mrs.  Grace  Thwing.     12mo.    Boston,  1865. 

The  Steadfast  Man  ;  Address  at  the  Funeral  of  B.  McLellan  Edwards, 
Westbrook.    72  pp.    Portland,  1871. 
Tucker,  William  P.,  p.  226. 
Turner,  Rev.  Charles.    (Turner,  1703  to  1788). 

Ministers  the  Servants  of  Christ.     12mo.    Boston,  1770. 

Sermon  before  His  Majesty's  Council.    8vo.    1773. 

Fast  Day  Sermon.     Boston,  1783. 
Tyler,  Rev.  Bennett,  D.D.     (Portland). 

Saints'  Perseverance;  New  Haven,  1817.     Religious  Principle  ;  Con- 
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1829.  Strictures  on  Dr.  Taylor  on  Regeneration ;  Portland, 
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1830.  Heathen  without  the  Gospel ;  Portland,  1832.  Articles 
in  Spirit  of  Pilgrims  ;  Boston,  1832.  Inaugural  Address  at  Hart- 
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and  Inability;  Hartford,  1854.  Reply  to  Harvey  on  Ability,  etc. ; 
Hartford,  1855.  Address  on  resigning  Presidency  of  Society  ; 
Hartford,  1857.  Lectures  on  Theology,  and  Memoir.  395  pp. 
Boston,  1859. 

Upiiam,  Thomas  C,  D.D.,  p.  227. 
Vaill,  Rev.  Joseph.    (Portland). 

Sermon  at  Funeral  of  Dr.  Ely.    8vo.    Northampton,  1866. 


Ill  C.    P  R  CSS   <<i     M  \  I  \  E. 
VaUGHAN,  B<  :ij  unin.  p.  231. 

Vditon,  Rev.  John  A.    |  Brisfc  I).    8         247. 

Gili"-  Memori        B  i  Family ;   I  urly  Settlements  in  Maine  and 

Indian  Warfare.    ''■'")  pp.  Bvo. 
Viik.in,  Wm.  Wirt.  ]..  •_'_'_'  and  S'". 
Walkj  b,  Rev.  I  .    ( Portland). 

The  Material  and  Spiritual,     l- 

Thanksgivjng  Sermon,  "The  Times."     1861. 

\  itional  Past,  iv'       -  1864,  Thankagi  '  _-  I I 

1864,  Nat  and  State  Thanksgiving,  1866,  Thi 
Walk]  b,  Rev.  John  B.  R.    i  Bucksport). 

Memorial  of  the  Walker  Family.     iT<>  pp.  *vo. 
Walk]  b,  Rev.  Joseph.    (South  Paris). 

Mode  of  Baptism.     12mo.     N        .\.lv:;n. 
Waij    •  i  .  !;  v.  Findley.    (Rockland).    Christian  Endurance.     18 
\V  \Ki'.  Rev.  Jonathan.     (Alna). 

8   rmon  at  4th  Anniv.  Maine  M        v      ,P  rtland.     Battowell,  181L 
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Prayer  for  Children  of  the  Church.     Hallowell,  1816. 

Sermon  at  Ordin.  of  Rev.  J.  Ward,  jr.,  Biddeford.     Portland.  1826. 

Brotherly  Faithfulness  and  Church  Discipline.     Boston,  1843. 
Wabd,  Kin.  Samuel  D.     (Machias). 

Sermon  at  36th  Anniv.  Maine  Miss.  v        i     "land.     1842. 
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Skrtrh  of  Waterford.     Portland. 

\  Young.    Bvo.     Milford,  Mass.,  1864. 

noli.  Funeral  (J.  \\  .  I  B  ixton.     Portland,  lv 

Wi  bb,  R  v.  1  Idwin  1'...  U.K.     Aug 

■noli,  64th  Anniv.  MM        Soc,  in  Brunswick.      \  34  1. 

Discourse,  Anc.  and  lion.  Artillery,  M 
\\'i  i  d,  Allen  II.    p.  220 
Wi  i  1 9,  R  \.  Oe  ■.  W,     i  Kennebunk). 

Sermon  at  Ordin.  of  Rev.  D.  1   isdick,  Worcester.     1841. 
Wi  ii    M  Portland). 

ibath.     1  JO  pp.     I8ma     Portland. 
Wi    roN,  1    P.    p.  220. 
\\  i  stok,  R  Cumberland). 

Rei  rd  Paj ion,  1  '.J ».     360  pp.  I2ma     l v 

II    lorj  of}  t  'umberland  Association. 

Numerous  Articles  in   Magaiines  and  aeirspapera.    L806tol867i 


BIBLIOGRAPHY.  2G9 

Wheeler,  Rev.  Crosby  H.     (Warren).     Missionary  in  Turkey. 

Ten  years  on  the  Euphrates,  maps   and  engravings.     1  vol.  18mo. 
330  pp.     Boston. 

Letters  from  Eden,   engravings.     16mo.  432  pp.     Boston. 
Whitaker,  Rev.  Nath'l.     (Bloomfield). 

Two  Sermons  on  the  doctrine  of  Reconciliation.     8vo.     Salem,  1770. 

On  the  death  of  Rev.  Geo.  Whitefield.     8vo.     Salem,  1770. 

Christ's  Kingly  Power,  and  Liberty  of  the  Churches.     98  pp.     1774. 
Whitman,  Rev.  Jason.     Portland.     See  p.  219. 

Sermon  at  Ordination  of  Rev.  E.   H.  Elder.     (Eastport).     72  pp. 
12mo.     Boston,  1832. 
Williamson,  William  D.    p.  231. 
Willey,  Rev.  Benjamin  G.     (Sumner). 

Incidents  in  White  Mountain  History.     307  pp.  12mo.     Boston,  1856. 
WILLIAMS,  Rev.  Moses  H.     (Portland). 

Discourse  in  memory  of  Dea.  Joseph  Libby,  Portland.    Portland,  1871. 
Williams,  Rev.  Thomas.     (Foxcroft). 

Sermon,  25th  Anniv.  Me.  Miss.  Soc,  in  Wiscasset.     Portland,  1832. 
Windsor,  Rev.  John  H.    (Saco). 

The  Blessedness  of  the  Just.     8vo.     Portland,  1861. 

In  Memory  of  Daniel  Smith,  jr.,  Saco. 
Wines,  Rev.  Abijah.     (Deer  Isle).     Human  Depravity.     Middleton,  1803. 

Vain  Amusements.     Windsor,  1803. 

Merely  Moral  Man  no  Christian.     Portland,  1828. 
Winship,  Rev.  Josiah.     (Woolwich).     Charge   at   Ordin.    of  Rev.  Alden 
Bradford,  Pownalboro  (Wiscasset).     Boston,  1794. 

Charge  at  Ordin.  of  Rev.  Daniel  Stone,  Augusta.     Hallowell,  1796. 

Charge  at  Ordin.  of  Rev.  Thomas  Cochran.     Buckstown,  1805. 
*#*  Parson  Winship  died  in  1824,  having  been  59  years  a  minister.   Alden  Bradford 
became  Secretary  of  State  in  Massachusetts,  holding  office  from  1812  to  1824.  —  Ed. 

Wise,  Rev.  Jeremiah.     (South  Berwick,  1707  to  1756). 
Sermon  on  the  death  of  Charles  Frost.     1725. 
"         Election  Day  ;  Rulers  the  Ministers  of  God.  55  pp.  8vo.  1729. 
"         Ordination  of  Rev.  James  Pike.     173Q. 
Woodman,  Cyrus.     Records  of  the  Church  in   Buxton,  Me.,  during  the 

Pastorate  of  Rev.  Paul  Coffin,  D.D.     88  pp.  8vo.     Cambridge. 
Woods,  Leonard,  D.D.     p.  228. 
Yeaton,  Rev.  F.,  p.  218. 


270  TH  '     PRESS  01     M  \  l  n  I'.. 


BUPPLEMENT. 

i  I  .'.all  ire  added)  too 

to  be  put  in  place :  — 

Pom  of  the   I  '.en  in  the  Boston  I  re  by  Maine 

authors,  \i/  : 
Cm  i  \i  ft,  B.,  D.D. 

The  Gospel  of  the  Hebrew  Prophets.    6fi  pp. 
II  lebis,  Rev.  Samuel,  D.D. 

The  Christian  Doctrine  of  Euman  Progrest  ted  with  the  Natu- 

ralistic.    65  pp. 
Sm\  in.  Rev.  Egbert  C,  1>.1>. 

Prom  Lessing  to  Schleiermacher,  or  from  Rationalism  to  Faith 
Taloott,  D.  s.,  D.D.,  p.  266. 

A i  ii  v.  Elizabeth  Altera  (Florence  Percj  >. 

Foresl  Buds  from  the  Woods  of  Maine.     L2mo.     Portland,  l- 
Poems.     l6mo.     Boston ;  Ticknor  and  Fields,  1866.  n.  \\.  u. 

Ai  i  i  \,  William. 

Memorial  of  the  Centennial  Anniversary  of  the  Settlement  ofMachias, 
\|      20,  1863.     180  pp.     Mi'  bi  is  ;  C.  0.  Furbush. 
Boi  roN,  Nathaniel. 

The  Original  Account  ofCapt.John  Lovewell's  "Great  Fight"  with 
the   Indians,  at    Pequawket,    Ma]    s.    I72fi ;   bj    Rev.  Thomas 
Bymmes,  with  Notes.    Is  pp.    Concord,  N.  EL,  1861.    b,  i.  b. 
Coi  r.\    I  M\  I  081  1  N  . 

Services  at  the  Laying  of  the  Corner  Stone  of  the  Memorial  Hall  of, 
Augusl  1 1.  1867,  and  of  the  Dedication  of  the  same,  August  l". 

1869)  with  a  photograph  of  Memorial  Hall.    •"»:>  ]>;•.  x.         W  ater- 

ville,  1869.  B.  I .  B. 

J >i  \n.  John  Ward,  A.  M.    (Boston).     A  native  of  Maine. 

Sketch  of  the  Life  of  Rev.  Michael  Wiggtasworth,  A.M.  Albany, 
1863.  2d  edit,  160  pp.,  1*71.  Btorj  of  the  Embarkation  of 
i    omwell  and  his  friends  Rw    N  ind,     1866.     Memoir  of 

i;  ?.  Giles  Firmen,     1866.     Memoir  of  Rev.   Nathaniel  Ward 
213  pp.  8  vo.,    l^Ti.     Editor  of  John  D  ration  of  R< 

markable   Providences  in  Hi->   Life,  18Mj    Historical  Magasine, 
I       ,  1807,  to   Jan..   L868. 


BIBLIOGRAPHY.  271 

Dean,  John  Ward,  continued. 

Ed.  New  Eng.  Hist,  and  Geneal.  Register,  Oct.,  1862,  to  Dec.,  1863. 
Recording  Secretary  of  the  American  Statistical  Association  from 
1860.     President  of  the  Prince   Society  for  Mutual  Publication 
from  May,  1870. 
Hamlin,  Charles  E.     See  p.  238. 

An  Obituary  Record  of  Graduates  of  Colby  University  (Waterville 
College  until  1866)  from  1822  to  1870.  66  pp.  8vo.  Waterville, 
1870.  s.  L.  B. 

Reports  on  Natural  History  relating  to  Maine.     1865-66. 

Manual  Labor  at  Waterville  College.     1867.  E.  F.  D. 

Hanson,  J.  H.     (Waterville). 

Preparatory  Latin  Prose  Book  (with  Vocabulary),  containing  all  the 
Latin  prose  necessary  for  entering  college.  514  pp.  12mo.  20th 
edition.     Boston,  1871. 

Hand-book  of  Latin  Poetry,  with  notes.  776  pp.  12mo.  Boston,  1865. 
Ilsley,  Charles  P.     See  p.  239. 

Forest  and  Shore.  426  pp.  12mo.  Boston,  1856.  Afterwards  pub- 
lished under  the  title  of  The  Wrecker's  Daughter. 

Treasure  Trove,  or  the  Signet  Ring.  Scene  laid  chiefly  on  Rich- 
mond's Island  and  Ancient  Falmouth.  Lewiston,  1867.  (May 
be  issued  in  book  form,  450  pp.  12mo). 

The  Island  Fete ;  scene  laid  at  Diamond  Cove,  Portland ;  a  Poem. 
85  pp. 

History  of  Ancient  Falmouth  and  Portland,  500  pp.,  in  process  of" 

preparation.     [Many  stories,  by  this  author,  have  been  published.] 
Kidder,  Frederic.     See  p.  240. 

Col.  John  Allan,  Eastern  Maine,  and  Nova  Scotia  in  the  Revolution. 
350  pp.  8vo.     Albany,  1867.  E.  F.  D. 

Rip,  Rev.  William  Ingraham,  D.D. 

The  Early  Jesuit  Missions  in  North  America,  containing  original  let- 
ters of  Father  Sebastian  Rasles,  and  accounts  of  Missionary 
Life  among  the  Abnakis,  1722-'23.  325  pp.  12mo.  Albany,. 
N.  Y.,  1866.  s.  l.  B. 

Smith,  T.  L. 

Published  in  1831  a  Centennial  Address,  which  was  a  brief  history  of 
the  Town  of  Windham,  Me.  A  more  complete  history,  by  the 
same  author,  is  now  ready  for  publication.  G.  M.  b. 


272  r"  B  PRESS  "1    M  \  l  \  £. 

South  i  a,  Rev.  Samuel. 

The  Centennial  Celebratioi)  of  the  Settlement  of  Fryeburg  ' 
the  Historical  Address,  79  pp.  8to.  w  tert1864.  -. 
Wni  ts,  6  any  Pern). 

Thia  distingoished  author  was  born  in  Portland  in  1M1 — the  daughter 

of   Nathaniel  Willis    [see    pp.  51    and    68],      Fanny  Fern's    first 

book  —  Fern  Leave-,  —  was  published  in  Jui  md  had  a 

sale  of  over  ninety  thousand   copies.      Her  next  volume — Little 
I  ■  rns  for  Fanny's  Little  Friends  —  was  published  in  l1 
and   had  a  very  Large   sale.     In  May,  L854,  was  published  her 
i  of  Fern  Leaves,  which  was!  .  bj  Ruth  Sail 

and  Rose  Clark.    From  Is"'.".  to  the  turn  ah.  Oct.,  lsTJ. 

she  was  a  regular  contributor  to  the  N>w  York  Ledger.     I .  r.  i>. 

t  not  t<>  Ih-  able  ti>  *i\A  to  the  lift  • 
doia  '  !oIlege  bj  Nehemiah  Cleveland,  Eaq.,  now  of  N<  ■  Y^rk. 
Mr  ('l.  n,  l.inil.  while  .it  Bowdoin  College,  raperintended  the  printing  "t"  f  • 

•  ■  ^rk- )  that  appeared    t'r'wn    m\   press:  and    had   his    pr 

hare  ne  piiMi-.li  the  1 1 i>t. >r\  of  the  <  '•■lU-^t-  (made  nearlj  Bfl 

ad  s  little  earlier,  that  Hiatoiy,  instead  of  thia,  would  perha  een  mj 

last  witIi. 


EDITORS  AMi  PUBLISHERS'  ASSO<  I  \TI<>\ 


i  >r    \i  mm 

1   in   l 

U. ,  ting 

1 

/'         :tlint. 

Orator. 

Portland. 

. 

<  'baxlea  Holden. 

B 

1      J 

I!    11     l.lu.  11. 

1       II.  Klwrll. 

\ 

1 

l    11.  ElwelL 

■  r.i. 

l     II   l  IwelL 

Win    I 

E.  II  dwell. 

Enoch  Knight      l    II.  Elwell. 

Portland. 

1 

J    \   1 1. •  mi ii . 

N.  Dingleyjr.      w    I    -  u  hitman 

J,     \      ll.'III.Hl. 

J  G   BJ    ■:.          B  P  - 

Moot  • 

1871. 

J,     \.    1  l<  .111.111. 

Simplj  in  I'lfiit i. 

■ta. 

I    I    Shaw. 

Exi  anii 

APPENDIX. 


NEWSPAPERS    ON   THE   KENNEBEC. 
See  page  87. 

Mr.  Editor, 

Dear  Sir,  —  In  considering  the  origin  and  history  of  the  early 
newspapers  on  the  Kennebec,  it  may  be  well  to  note  that  two  of  them 
were  probably  born  of  the  Falmouth  Gazette  and  Weekly  Advertiser,  (estab- 
lished by  John  B.  Wait  and  Benja.  Titcomb,  Jan.  1,  1785),  in  the  interest 
of  forming  a  new  State  of  the  District  of  Maine. 

The  first  paper  on  the  Kennebec,  and  the  third  in  Maine,  was  started 
by  Howard  S.  Robinson  at  "  Hallowell  Hook,"  Aug.  4,  1794  ;  it  was  called 
the  Eastern  Star.  The  Gazette  of  Maine  was  the  second  paper  ;  it  was 
started  at  Falmouth  by  Benja.  Titcomb  in  Oct.,  1790,  in  opposition  to  the 
Cumberland  Gazette,  published  by  Wait,  which  name  Wait  changed  in  1792 
to  Eastern  Herald.  Robinson  was  probably  an  apprentice  of  Wait,  and  the 
Star  which  he  published  was  under  Wait's  patronage,  and  in  the  interest  of 
the  new  State  project.  It  maintained  a  feeble  existence  for  about  a  year, 
when  it  was  succeeded  by  the  Tocsin. 

The  want  of  success  of  the  Star  may  have  arisen  from  the  character  of 
its  conductor,  Robinson,  rather  than  from  any  want  of  favor  to  the  scheme 
it  was  established  to  advocate.  Robinson  was  a  printer  of  dissipated  habits, 
from  which  cause  he  was  usually  poor,  roving  around  and  working  as  a 
journeyman  printer.  In  about  1819  he  returned  to  Hallowell  and  worked  a 
short  time  in  the  office  of  the  American  Advocate.  At  that  time  he  repre- 
sented that  he  "  had  been  at  the  top  of  the  wheel "  of  fortune,  but  from  ha- 
bits and  appearances  he  was  unmistakably  at  the  bottom.  We  may  not 
infer  from  the  want  of  success  of  the  Star  that  Hallowell  was  a  barren  field, 
or  that  the  projects  sought  were  not  worth  pursuing,  as  Wait,  with  John 
K.  Baker,  another  of  Wait's  apprentices,  established  in  that  place,  in  1795, 
35 


27  [  Til  I.    I  RE  -  -   OF   MAINE. 

The   Tocsin."     Thii  paper  bad  more  success  than  the  Star,  bat  was  short- ' 
lived,  ending  in  1 T '.  > 7 .  in  the  hands  of  Benja.  Poor,  to  whom  it  a 
M  9     '.  15,  L796.  —  The  Tocsin  w  is  well  printed,  but  on 

poor  paper,  17  X  11  inches,  folio,  and  was  famished  to  subscribers  at  1.50 
per  annum. +  ...... 

It  would  be  interesting  to  know  inure  definitely  the  motives  which  ' 
iblishment  of  these  papers,  thus  early,  <>n  the  Kennebec,  in  advance 
of  a  mail  for  their  distribution,  and  this  interest  is  increased  when  we  learn 
that,  at  the  Fori  Settlement  in  Hallowell,  two  and  a  half  miles  from  the 
Hook  \  illage,  w  here  the  Tocsin  was  being  printed.  Tin  K  i  w  i  bi  i  [ntkl- 
i  ii, i  M  i  b  was  established,  bj  Pi  Nov.  1 1.  L795.     The  mail  how- 

ever, bad  jusl  then  commenced  a  weeklj  delivery  on  the  new  post  route  to 
Hallowell.  Edes  was  a  son  of  Benja.  Ed  I  B  ii  a,  printer  to  th<  Gen. 
Court  of  Mass.,  and  publisher  of  the  Chronicle,  etc  What  motives  could 
h  ive  sent  him  to  the  Fori  Settlement,  at  this  time  '.'  There  was  general  in- 
formation to  be  disseminated  bj  bis  paper  and  local  and  legal  advertisements 
tu  be  published  ;  bul  one  paper  could  have  answered  this  call  in  a  I 
the  si/e  uf  HallowelL  The  rivalship  of  competing  villages  may  have  stimu- 
lated, bul  could  n<>t  have  produced  them,  at  that  time.  When  we  look  at 
public  affairs,  two  motives  are  suggested,  either  of  which  ma]  have  furnished 
sufficienl  inducement  to  rival  papers,  so  near  to  each  other,  in  even  a  Bpars- 
lv  peopled  region  ;  one  was  the  project  to  establish  a  new  State  ;  the  other 
rival  candidates  f<  r  Congressional  honors.  At  the  time  of  Wait's  effort  to 
increase  the  circulation  of  bis  paper,  in  Dec,  1793,  hj  the  employment  of 
Oraffam  to  distribute  it.  the  Portland  Convention  on  Separation  «as  held,  to 

which  Daniel  Coin  was  a  delegate  from  Hallowell.  and  was  Chairman  of  the- 

Convention.  The  star  was  started  in  August  succeeding  the  second  Conven- 
tion   On    Separation,  which  was    held    in    June,    1794 j    a1    this    Convention. 

Nathan  I  Summer,  a  delegate  from  Hallowell,  was  Set  n  I  urj . 

The  Intelligencer  was  established  probablj  in  interests  opposed  to  v 
ration;  perhaps  at  the  instigation  of  the  Plymouth  Company,  which  was 
opposed  to  the  measure,  as  the  unsettled  affairs  of  that  company  eould  he 

'  The  experience  of  onlj  littv  oraixt)  '•■  onld  convince  anj  one,  tl 

>;..r  in    no   part  Of  M  mn  ■.  OUt  of  I'nrtl.uiil.  i\.n  With  the  usual  I  mills!  ry  ami  tart 

.  .I  ..ni \  be  mat  lined  (giving  ■>  bare  lubeUtencc)  until  the  type 
trorn  out     The  papei  wai  then  discontinued  nr  told  tu  ■  no*  band. —  Eat 

fi'ii.  .  h  .1  .  •■         i    B  Wait  (given  In  thia  connection  bj  Mr.  North)  and  his  pro 
!■  1 1  ni  -i  mini  •   i  distributor  of  hia  pspen  into  \\  et  and  Hallowell  once  s  week, 

miv  hr  seen  on  page  H  —  I'.H 


APPENDIX.  275 

best  promoted  by  the  government  of  Massachusetts,  with  which  the  mem- 
bers of  that  company  had  great  influence. 

The  Congressional  election  in  the  three  districts  into  which  Maine  was 
divided  in  1792  took  place  in  November  of  that  year  ;  the  succeeding  elec- 
tion in  1794,  at  the  time  the  Tocsin  and  Intelligencer  were  started,  had 
passed,  and  the  election  of  '96  was  just  coming  on.  These  elections  were 
warmly  contested,  and  as  at  that  time  public  opinion  was  concentrated  upon 
candidates  for  office,  through  the  medium  of  the  newspapers  in  which  the 
nominations  were  made,  by  anonymous  communications  under  various  sig- 
natures, it  became  important  for  candidates  to  possess  this  means  of  reach- 
ing the  public  ear.  The  result,  however,  of  this  course  was  a  multiplicity 
of  candidates,  and  at  times  a  number  of  trials  before  an  election  was  ef- 
fected. Whatever  may  have  been  the  motives  of  "Wait  and  Baker  in  estab- 
lishing their  paper  —  the  Tocsin  —  they  sold  to  Poor  in  Sept.,  1796,  proba- 
bly with  a  view,  on  the  part  of  Baker,  to  a  larger  field  of  operation,  as  in 
the  same  month  he  purchased  of  Wait  the  Eastern  Herald,  and  of  Titcomb 
the  Gazette  of  Maine,  and  united  them  under  the  name  of  Eastern  Her- 
ald and  Gazette  of  Maine.  In  Poor's  hands  the  Tocsin  shortly  died. 
The  Intelligencer,  under  various  names,  survived  for  twenty  years,  printed 
by  Edes,  who  was  a  part  of  the  time  associated  with  his  son.  The  first 
change  in  the  name  of  the  Intelligencer  was  made  in  October,  1800,  to  the 
Kennebec  Gazette  ;  the  second  change  to  Liberty  Herald  in  February,  1810. 
These  changes,  however,  were  without  change  in  its  politics  ;  it  was  always 
intensely  federal. 

In  1796  there  were  but  three  papers  published  in  Maine  —  the  Eastern 
Herald  and  Gazette  of  Maine,  at  Portland ;  the  Kennebec  Intelligencer  and 
the  Tocsin  at  Hallowed.  In  the  Intelligencer  and  in  the  Tocsin,  Boothbay, 
Georgetown,  Waldoborough,  Dresden,  Wiscasset,  Green,  Farmington,  and 
Winslow  advertisements  appear. 

I  have  a  file  of  .the  Kennebec  Gazette  commencing  with  Vol.  1,  No.  5, 
Dec.  12,  1800,  and  ending  with  No.  30,  June  5,  1801,  with  the  imprint  of 
"  Peter  Edes  at  Hallowed."  I  have  never  been  able  to  learn  otherwise 
than  from  this  imprint,  that  the  Gazette  was  at  any  time  published  in  Hal- 
lowed, and  the  place  of  publication  may  have  been  assumed  from  its  being 
better  known  than  Augusta.  Some  of  the  prior  issues  of  the  paper  were 
dated  "  Augusta,  on  Kennebec  River." 

In  this  file  the  proceedings  of  Congress  are  printed  under  the  heading, 
"  Legislature  of  Columbia."  Federal  and  Democratic  nominations  of 
candidates   for  office   are   made   in  it,  by  communications  advocating  their 


276  TH  E   PRESS  01     M  \  1  N  !'.. 

Nothing   of  a  political  nature  appears   under  the  editorial  head, 
and  but  very  little  of  any  other  matter;  and  this   is  chiefly  char 
the  Intelligencer  and  1  , but  not  -  "he  Herald.    All 

important  matters  were  di  torially,  hut  by  communi 

under  various  signaturee.     It  a]  this  time,  that  huth  bran 

I  OSWered    tl       I  Q,  to  which  he  replied.     '1 

12, 1800,  contains  the  address  of  the  Senate  a]     B  f 

I  iture  of  Columbia n  to  President  Adams'  speech,  and  his  sepa- 
hch.  Yours  truly, 

Jami  a  W.  Nobth. 


PERIODICALS  CONTINUED. 

w1scasset  telegraph. 
Mb.  Editor, 

In  \u  Sir,  —  Through  the  kindness  of  my  friend,  Charles  J. 
Noyes,  I  am  in  receipt  of  sheets  from  you  of  yon    WW 

J  have  considerable  interest  in  the  Work,  as  my  father  was  one  of  the  earlier 

publishers  in  Maine.     What  you  state  In  regard  to  the  Wis<  \-i  i  Tl  n.- 
ORAPB  is  imperii  1 1  not  being  able  to  help  the  matter  much.     M\ 

father  died  while  I  was  in  my  infancy,  and  my  mother  mai 
nothing  was  preserved  relating  to  my  father's  business.  Since  I  have  ar- 
il manhood,  notwithstanding  much  research,  1  have  been  unable  to 
obtain  a  file,  or  even  a  whole  sheet,  of  his  piper.  I  bare  before  me  the 
hist  half  of  a  sheet  dated  March  11,1797,  N  .  XV.  VoL  L  The 
must  therefore  have  been  established  in  the  autumn  of  1796.  The  title  is 
the  Wiscasael  Telegraph;  the  motto  —  ••The  wildernees  shall  bud  and 
m  like  the  n  ■• ."  Printed  and  published  bj  J.  N.  Russell*  and  11. 
Hoskirn,  corner  of  Main  and  I  w  avt  .nnum. 

It  is  well  filled  witli  (iirrent  new  s  of  the  day.  foreign  and  domestic,  and  has 

a  short  editorial  on  the  celebration  of  Washington's  birth-da}  in  Philadel- 
phia and  New    York. 

■Th<  .-ii,  probably,  who, under  the  title  of  J.  sad  J    N   H 

\;  Inti  rbii  firm 

:  i  .\  Itojnn   of  thl 

John  Rusacll  of  the 

in  m  una)  v  ••  over  Ibrtj  ■  ng  ll>e 

•  •.I      •    ,.■  mnvnl  i"  M  line,  when  bi 


APPENDIX. 


277 


The  publishers  were  young  men  from  Boston.  Russell  was  a  brother  of 
Benj.  Russell  of  the  Boston  Centinel.  My  father  served  his  time  with 
Thomas  and  Andrews,  the  leading  printers  at  the  time.  Russell,,  as  I  un- 
derstood in  my  younger  days,  was  unsteady  and  went  south.  My  father 
died  in  the  winter  of  1804,  and  the  paper  stopped.  It  could  not  be  true 
that  there  was  no  paper  in  Wiscasset  on  June  23,  1802.  Why  the  bank 
notice  was  ordered  to  be  printed  in  Edes'  paper  may  have  been  on  account 
of  the  residence  of  the  stockholders,  or  politics  may  have  been  the  cause. 
After  my  father's  decease  a  paper  was  printed  in  Wiscasset  by  John  Babson, 
which  was  reported  to  have  been  bought  up  and  s'topped  on  account  of  its 
politics.  This  may  have  been  the  Eastern  Repository,  mentioned  in  your 
account.  With  much  respect, 

Gardiner,  July  8,  1872.  H.  B.  Hoskins. 

A  son  of  Mr.  H.  B.  Hoskins,  when  about  twelve  years  of  age,  self- 
taught,  printed  for  a  year  or  more,  a  small  paper  called  the  School- 
fellow, he  having  been  presented  with  a  press  and  type  by  a  relative  in 
New  York.  He  afterward  studied  medicine  at  the  Louisville  (Ky.)  Medi- 
cal School,  and  received  the  highest  honors  of  his  class  ;  subsequently  prac- 
ticed in  Boston,  and  was  a  leading  writer  in  the  Courier,  confining  him- 
self generally  to  scientific  and  literary  subjects.  His  health  failing,  he  re- 
moved to  Newport,  Vt.,  where  he  devotes  himself  mostly  to  agriculture  and 
editing  the  -Vermont  Farmer,  —  not  wholly  relinquishing  his  practice. 

The  State.  —  The  first  number  of  an  eight  page  paper  with  this  name 
was  published  at  Portland,  Nov.  2,  1872,  by  the  State  Publishing  Associa- 
tion ;  terms,  $2.00  a  year  in  advance.  Enoch  Knight  is  understood  to  be 
the  managing  editor  of  this  paper.  Five  columns  to  the  page.  The  pros- 
pectus says  that  the  State  will  be  "  an  independent  public  journal,  thorough- 
ly devoted  to  the  people's  interests,  and  which  shall  not  fail  to  command 
their  respect  ;  for  it  will  discuss  all  questions  affecting  our  material  and  so- 
cial interests  in  the  spirit  of  justice  and  true  dignity." 

North-East  —  a  new  paper,  published  in  Portland  in  1872,  by  Hoyt, 
Fogg,  and  Breed,  for  the  Episcopal  Board  of  Missions  for  Maine. 

The  Northern  Monthly  —  a  Magazine  of  literature,  civil  and  mili- 
tary affairs,  under  the  conduct  of  E.  P.  Weston.  Each  number  contained 
'  72  pp.  8vo.  Terms,  §2.00  a  year.  Published  by  Bailey  and  Noyes  ;  press 
of  B.  Thurston.  The  first  number  was  issued  in  March,  1864.  Ten  num- 
bers only  were  published.     It  wa.<  a  well  conducted  periodical.        B.  P.  s. 


278  'I'll  r.    PRESS  01     MAINE. 

'I'm.  WATCH-TOW!  ft  —  ;iapcr,  published  at  Portland  in 

the  interests  of  the  Association  of  Baptists,  bj  .1.  M.  Buzzell,  M.  !>..  for 
It  was  then  (about  the  year  Is Is'  sold  to  the  publishers 
of  the  Portland  Transcript.  M-  ls- 

'I'm  BREDOTOfl  REPORTER  W8S  established  about  ls.',T,  and  closed  in 
1864,     It  \\  as  a  spicy,  loyal  paper,  edited  a  part  of  the  time  bj  <■■    .  W. 

Warren,  who  died  in  June,  1863. 

Castine  Gazette. —  We  have  received  a  few  numbers  of  a  paper  by 
this  name,  published  at  Castine  by  Geo.  A.  Wheeler,  M.  1>..  formerly  of 
Topsham.  It  is  a  respectable,  business-like  paper j  siae,  22  by  16;  pub- 
lished  monthly  at  fifty  cents  ;i  year.    Castine  was  the  fourth  town  in  the 

State  to  establish  a  newspaper.     The  revival  of  journalism  in  that  pl< 
old  place  is  a  good  Bign. 

u  ELLS     Wl>    KENNEB1  \K. 

[Extnotl  from  a  in  -tiHisrript  Hiatal?  of  Weill  wd  Kcnnrbim'-, . 

••  in  L803  Btephen  Sewall  commenced  the  publication  of  the  An\ 
im   Times.     It  Beems  to  have  been  started  under  very  favorable  aua 
so  far  as  regarded  the  patronage  of  advert  Many  persons  in  Ports- 
mouth advertised  their  g Is  in  it-  columns,  and  also  a  respectable  number 

in  Wells  and  other  towns  in  the  county.     But  the  subscription  patronage 

was  insufficient    to    BUStain    it,  and    the    paper  was    continued  but  oni 

Occasionally  the  paper  contained  respectable  communications  on  political 
questions  and  things  of  local  into  B  wall  wrote  the  ode  for  the  Fourth 

of  July,  1803,  which  was  sung  with  effect  <>n  that  occasion.  His  position 
as  publisher  of  this  paper  not  meeting  his  aspirations,  lie  abandoned  it  in 
1804,  moved  to  Scarboro',  and  there  established  himsi  If   ta  ■  fhom] 

ph\  sician. 

••  In  the  beginning  of  1808  another  attempt  was  made  to  establish  a 
newspaper  in  ELennebunk  bj  William  Weeks.     This  enterprise  was  not  as 

-fill    as    the    former.      The    paper  was    denominated    the   k  B» v 

i         ,N.    We  have  a  single  copy  of  it,  dated  Jul]  24.    Prom  this  specimen 

of  the  opinion  that    the   people   took  but  little    interest  in  sustaining 
i'.       [llOUgb    this  \sas    the    19tb    number,  beside  the  pOSl  master's  Dl  I 

remaining  in  the  off  tains  but  a  single  advertisement    The 

paper  is  mule  up  entir.lv  of  collections,  containing  nothing  editorial  and  no 
original  communii  itions.  It  was  oontinued  but  a  little  while,  when  the 
publisher  moved  to  Baco i  thence  t"  Portland;  then  to  Portsmouth,  where 
in  1809  lie  became  the  publisher  of  the  Nei  Bampshire  Gasette. 


APPENDIX.  279 

"  Another  paper  was  attempted  soon  after,  of  which  we  have  been  un- 
able to  ascertain  the  name  or  the  publisher.  We  believe  it  was  called  the 
Eagle  of  Maine  ;  but  no  relics  of  it  have  been  found,  so  that  we  know 
nothing  of  its  character  or  of  the  length  of  its  days. 

"  A  fourth  paper,  denominated  the  Weekly  Visitor,  was  started  in 
1809  by  James  K.  Remick.  The  publisher  seems  to  have  had  more  sym- 
pathy from  the  public  than  his  predecessors.  The  advertising  support  of  a 
newspaper  we  suppose  to  be  very  essential  to  its  success.  This  was  very 
liberally  given  to  the  Visitor.  A  great  deal  of  original  matter  was  also  fur- 
nished. Previous  failures  probably  moved  the  people  to  a  more  active  in- 
terest in  its  success  than  they  manifested  in  the  previous  enterprises.  The 
paper  soon  acquired  a  satisfactory  footing,  and  maintained  its  position  be- 
tween thirty  and  forty  years,  though  its  name  was  changed  to  Kennebunk 
Gazette,  July  7,  1822.  By  a  wise  and  prudent  management  of  the  financial 
concerns  of  the  establishment,  the  publisher  acquired  a  very  comfortable 
independence,  which  he  transmitted  to  his  son. 

"  All  the  publishers  of  these  papers,  in  addition  to  the  work  of  their 
profession,  kept  a  book-store,  supplying  the  public  with  stationery,  school- 
books,  etc. 

"  The  Columbian  Star,  at  Alfred,  was  continued  but  a  short  time. 
Its  establishment  was  designed  for  two  objects  —  to  aid  in  the  election  of 
Crawford,  and  in  the  location  of  all  the  courts  at  Alfred.  These  two  ques- 
tions being  removed  from  the  public  mind,  no  interest  in  it  was  strong 
enough  for  its  support." 

[All  but  one   of  these  papers  were  briefly  noticed  with  the  papers  of  York 
county. —  Ed] 

Echo,  or  North  Star.  —  It  having  been  reported  to  us  that  there 
were  files  of  papers  in  the  Antiquarian  Rooms  at  Worcester,  Mass.,  printed 
at  Fryeburg  between  1792  and  1795,  we  have  obtained,  through  the  favor 
of  the  Librarian,  a  copy  of  what  proves  to  be  from  the  earliest  volume 
printed  — No.  7,  vol.  I.  —  dated  Fryeburg,  Me.,  Aug.  19,  1798,  which 
agrees  with  our  notice,  p.  118.  The  type  is  very  much  worn.  The  paper- 
contains  a  sensible  communication  calculated  to  calm  the  war  spirit  of  the 
day,  caused  by  the  depredations  of  French  war  vessels  upon  our  commerce. 
There  is  also  a  double  column,  giving  a  list  of  revenue  stamp  duties.  An 
advertisement  of  land  for  sale  in  Farmington,  Me.,  appears  over  the  signa- 
ture of  our  former  neighbor,  Jacob  Abbot,  senior,  then  of  Concord,  N.  JL, 
referred  to  p.  237.     The  terms  of  the  Echo  are  given  —  "  Pay  in  any  thing, 


280  THE  PH  MAINE 

or  cash."     In  our  ym;  I  only  the  M  any  thing."     The  es- 

tablishment of  the  Kcho  li\   Rti^rll   t  for  the    Brat  paper  at  Wis- 

leada  to  the  supposition  thai  this  publisher,  with  t;  «f  that 

paper,  waa  a  brother  of  Benj.  Rtusell  of  the  B  tineL    The  type 

robablj  tl  ■  tad  been  used  on  the  CentineL 

Tin    IfoBHiMQ  Stab. —- The  Morning  8  paper, 

was  established  at   Limerick,   May,   1828.  Bussell  and   Burbank 

thfl  first  editors  ;   William  liurr,  a  native  of  ffingfaam,  wbl 
apprentioeship  in  Huston,  printer.     ••  Mr.  I!urr,  when  he  came  to  Limerick, 
though  less  than  twenty  years  of  age,  waa  an  accomplished  gentleman,  of 
pleasing  manners  and  must  amiable  disposition."    In  May,  1832,  i 
Woodman,  and  Co.  disposed  of  its  property  to  a  new  firm,  known  as  H 
Burr,  and  Co.     En  October  following,  the  paper  was  BoldtotheFn 
denomination.     Mr.  Burr  subsequently  became  principal  editor  and  a  very 
efficient  business  manager,  which  station  be  n  tained  nearly  forty  years  and 
until    his    death,  by  apoplexy,  which  occurred   on   the  morning 
1866.     An  interesting  memoir  of  his  life  has  been  published  in  a  volume  of 
'jus  pp.  L8mo. 

The  Star  was  removed  to  ]  )o\  er,  X.  II..  NOT.,   1833.       1 
culation  speaks  for  i' 


BIBLIOGRAPHY  I  <>MIM  in. 

1m  \m  .  Ch  irli  -,  (Cambridge,  M 

d  volumes  bare  been  published,  but  all  since  he  has  left  his  na- 
tive State. 
I'm  i  man,  William,  (Cherryfield.) 

Temperance  Address,  Oct,  1829]  with  an  Introduction,  April,  1872. 
80  pp.  svo.     Portland,  1872. 
.1  addressee,  poems,  ami  other  articles  bare  bees  written  durinp 

In*  long  lifetime    -  -..me  i  if  which   have  been   published,  or  con- 
tributed to  the  newspaper. 

Oodi  U  1 .  lion.  John  I'...  i  Bangor). 

The  aawanakok.     Hist.  Mag.,  Ken  York, 

Feb.,  1872. 

M  u  1'..  D.D.,  OrinneU,  towa.     N         of  Hath). 

Adjustment   between  the  X.itill'.d   La*  i  IS  and  the  Chris- 

gj  dan  l  iw.     Boston  Lectures,  vol.  .;,  1872,  pp.  l  to  Is. 


APPENDIX.  281 

THOMAS    B.    WAIT. 

Through  the  kindness  of  Dr.  Geo.  E.  Adams,  now  of  Orange,  N.  J., 
we  are  favored  with  the  following  facts  from  the  hand  of  his  neighbor,  an 
aged  widowed  daughter  of  Mr.  Wait. 

"Thomas  B.  Wait  (she  writes)  was  born  in  that  part  of  Lynn,  Mass., 
called  Saugus,  in  1762.  He  served  an  apprenticeship  at  the  printing  busi- 
ness in  Boston.  He  resided  for  a  time  at  Thomaston,  where  a  part  of  his 
children  were  born.  I  do  not  know  the  exact  time  when  he  went  to  Port- 
land, but  he  was  there  in  1785.  I  have  the  impression  that  he  printed  the 
first  newspaper  in  Portland,  but  am  not  certain  about  that  matter.  He  was 
in  the  book-publishing  and  selling  business  at  Portland,  and  was  burnt  out 
(probably  in  1S06),  losing  every  thing.  He  immediately  issued  proposals 
to  reprint  Blackstone's  Commentaries,  and  received  sufficient  encourage- 
ment from  his  kind-hearted  townsmen  (who  subscribed,  many  of  them,  for  a 
book  they  did  not  need)  to  induce  him  to  go  to  Philadelphia  and  engage  a 
company  of  journeymen  printers  —  Robert  Lilly  being  the  foreman.  Soon 
afterward  [probably  after  the  completion  of  Blackstone  in  1808]  Mr.  Wait 
moved  to  Boston,  where  he  published  the  American  State  papers.  His 
three  sons  were  with  their  father  for  a  time  ;  two  afterward  read  law,  and 
all  three  went  to  Illinois  about  1817.  His  second  son,  William  S.  Wait, 
came  back  to  Boston,  and  was  in  the  book-business  with  Wells  and  Lilly 
[subsequently  Lilly,  Wait,  and  Colman].  This  brother  afterward  returned 
to  the  west.     My  father  died  in  Boston  in  1830." 

On  inquiry  of  the  Hon.  John  Neal  (now  in  his  80th  year)  concerning 
the  publication  of  Blackstone,  he  writes  us  in  his  clear,  steady  hand,  an 
index  to  his  still  strong  memory  —  that  "  Blackstone's  Commentaries  were 
republished  at  Portland  by  Thomas  B.  Wait  in  1807,  four  volumes,  8vo., 
1903  pp.  text,  and  100  pp.  of  Appendix  and  Index.  It  was  wonderfully 
correct,  and  has  ever  been  regarded  by  the  profession  as  faultless.  Tucker's 
Blackstone  appeared  long  afterward.  I  cannot  give  the  year,  as  my  law 
library  was  destroyed  in  the  great  fire.  I  do  not  remember  about  Wait's 
connection  with  B.  Titcomb,  jr.,  [Mr.  Titcomb  left  printing  in  1798],  but  I 
well  remember  a  paper  —  the  Federal  Gazette,  perhaps  —  in  Exchange 
street  before  1807,  and  that  his  son,  Wm.  S.  Wait,  (afterward  a  partner 
with  Lilly  in  Boston)  worked  in  the  office  ;  and  that  "  Master  George,"  as 
he  was  called  —  a  dwarf,  who  used  to  be  trundled  about  the  streets  by  the 
boys  who  had  been  his  scholars  —  had  much  to  do  with  the  paper." 

3G 


2g2  T  H  I.    PRESS   <H     M  \  I  \  E. 

IN    ME  MORI  AM. 

CHARLES     \.    BPBAG1     , 

\l     i        .  -  \.  S]     -  ■    iru  born  at  Appleton,  Me.,  July.  1829.     He 
served  an  apprenticeship  in  the  Jburnal 

iated  for  about  three  months  (until  the  time  of  his  d  ••  Is"'1') 

with  EL  EL  Haines  in  the  publication  of  the  Bath  Mirror.  The  editor  of 
the  Journal,  W.   H.  Simpson,  writes  of  bim  substantially    -  — 

Charles  A.  Sprague  was  one  of  an  ■  all  of  whom  have  since  bt 

well  known  in  the  journalistic  and  business  world.     I  rity,  and 

of  industrious  habits,  —  anxious  to  acquire  all  possible  kno1  his 

levoting  all  his  time,  nol  belonging  to  bis  employer,  to 
reading  such  Bolid  literature  as  came  within  his  reach,  that  mighl  ; 
in  his  profession,  —  he  was  fitted  tor  a  first-class  business  man  and  edil 

it ly   from    his    first    attempts  at  journalism  until  the  time  of 
hi-  lamented  death. 

.\i.i.    L    POSTER. 

[  r.\ir  i«  i  from  the  Portias 
The  life  of  our  fellow  citizen  which  <  raddenly  at  I 

Friday,  was  one  which  had  in  it  little  thai  was  extraordinary,  but  one  which 
exemplifies  in  a  marked  degree  the  struggles,  the  c  and 

the  ultimate  triumph  that  attend  thi  career  of  a  self-made  man  in  NV« 
I    gland.    The  grandfather  of  N.   ^.  Foster  was  thi  -he  little 

town  of  Canterbury,  in  New   Hampshire.     En  this  town  Ins  fat 
Post  i:      ilutionarj  soldier,  who  died  six  or  seven  y< 

of  '."•,.  reared  a  familj  of  twelve  children,  Of  the  seven  sons  Newel  was 
the  youngest,  having  been  born  in  1814.  The  mother  of  this  family  died 
l.„t  spring  'He  advanced  age  thai  her  husband  had  attained.     Nine 

of  the  children  are  now  living,  and  last  September  all  with  the  < 
held  an  interesting  family  reunion  at  the  old  homestead  in  Canterbury. 
•  the  sons  i  x  " "'" 

reliant    nature    declined  from    bis    father,  and    from  first  to    last 

made  his  h.h   in  the  world  l>\    bit  OWU  efl 

in  1862  the  Press  was  established,  and  was  at  first  published  bj  Mr. 
l  r,  John  T.  Gilman,  and  Joseph  B.  Hall,  under  the  firm  name  oi  N  \ 
i  lu   1866  M     l     ter  became  the  sole  owner.    '11. 


APPENDIX.  283 

was  established  at  the  earnest  solicitation  of  the  leading  Republicans  of  the 
State,  and  since  the  first  year  has  prospered  even  beyond  the  expectations 
of  its  founders,  enabling  Mr.  Foster  to  leave  his  family  in  comfortable  cir- 
cumstances. The  establishment  was  burned  in  the  great  fire  of  1866,  but 
before  the  ruins  were  cold  the  publisher  had  ordered  new  material,  and  the 
■work  went  on  as  before. 

How  worthy  a  citizen,  —  how  kind  a  neighbor,  friend,  and  employer  he 
was,  —  how  warm  his  sympathies  in  every  good  work  of  humanity  and  re- 
form, —  how  unselfishly  he  labored  for  the  public  good,  his  fellow  citizens 
do  not  need  to  be  told.  His  character  was  of  the  best  New  England  type  — 
humane,  active,  progressive.  He  was  never  an  aspirant  for  office,  but  was 
nevertheless  frequently  honored  by  his  fellow  citizens  with  official  position. 
He  was  elected  to  the  City  Council  in  1858  and  1859,  and  to  the  Legisla- 
ture in  1859,  1860,  1867,  and  1868.  At  the  time  of  his  death  he  was 
Chairman  of  the  Republican  City  Committee  and  a  member  of  the  Republi- 
can State  Committee.  He  was  for  two  years  President  of  the  Mechanics' 
Association  of  this  city. 


CORRECTIONS. 


Mr.  Editor, 

Dear  Sir, —  Having  had  the  privilege  of  sseing  the  advance  sheets  of  your 
valuable  work,  we  beg  leave  to  call  your  attention  to  an  error  in  relation  to  the  Bow- 
doin  College  Orient.  It  was  founded  by  the  Class  of  1872  —  the  result  of  a  deep- 
seated  conviction  among  many  of  its  members  that  Bowdoin  should  have  a  representa- 
tive among  college  journals,  and  that  our  class  should  have  the  credit  of  its  founding. 

As  members  of  a  committee,  appointed  for  the  purpose  by  our  classmates,  we  pre- 
pared and  matured  all  the  plans  for  the  management  of  the  Orient.  The  first  board 
of  editors  suffered  many  changes,  several  finding  it  impossible  to  spare  the  necessary 
time  5  but  the  following  were  the  editors  longest  in  office  ;  and  to  each  of  them  is 
due  the  credit  of  conducting  the  Orient  during  the  difficulties  and  uncertainties  of  its 
first  year  :  —  M.  Coggan,  Geo.  M.  Whitaker,  J.  G.  Abbott,  O.  W.Rogers,  H.  M.  Heath. 

Harold  Wilder,  Chairman. 

S.  P.  Meads,  G.  M.  Seiders,  Geo.  M.  Whitaker  —  Members  of  a  committee 
elected  by  the  class  of  1872  to  mature  a  plan  for  conducting  the  Orient. 

*#*  J.  G.  Abbott's  presence  in  College  during  the  absence  of  the  other  editors  led 
to  the  impression  that  caused  the  notice  on  p.  83. —  Ed. 

Bangor,  July  18, 1872. 
Mr.  Editor, 

Dear  Sir,  —  Since  my  notice  of  the  Bangor  Press  was  furnished  you,  I  have 

discovered  some  trifling  errors. 

On  page   14-2,  there  is  a  mistake   in  regard  to  the  disposition  of  the  Bangor  Daily 

Mercury.     It  was  published  for  some  time  after  the  Journal  was  established  by  A.  E. 

Hilton  and  Co.,  and  was  never  connected  with  that  paper. 


2g4  rii  r.  PRESS  01    m  \  i  n  E. 

Tin-  Journ  ed  with  the  Democrat  under  1 

I  nioii  tinned  foi  nom  t  >ed  be- 

fore the  Democnl  was  destroyed  in  l     I 

Washington  Cockti       Se<    '  •   r.  •       I  •  bushed  in 

Calais  waa  the  Advertiser,    h  8  by  Mr.  H.  P.  Pratt    .Mr.  I lam- 

let  Bates  established  the  St.  Croix  Conner  in  1834.    The  Advertiser  had  do 
editor,  excepting  its  publisher.     M     B  '•      innounced   himself  •        to*  of  the 

St  Croix  <    lurier.  tuIv. 

JOBR    I'    '  rODl  I 

I  — line  under  Samuel  Eaton  -.  commencing  Sermon  it  Interment  of,  may  be 

Found  corrected  under  the  name  of  J.  W.  Ellingwood,  p.  . 
I    re  234 —  undername  of  < j<   E    Adams,  for  relict  of  the  late,  n 

the  l .i'.  J.  \\    Ellingwood,  who  died  in  1 
102  —  line  6th,  for  Broek  and  Hacker,  read  Brock  am    B 
I         100— 3d  line  from  bottom,  for  1841  read  1841 
I  t,  for  J.  1    Brown  re  id  J.  C.  Brown. 

I      ■   [69  —  line  2nd,  for  Edwin  Sprague,  now  of  Rockland  Fre< 

A.Spi  igue. 

line  6th  from  t»«  >tt t"<  »r  1829  read  I 

i  — In  connection  with  the  M         I  inner,  rV    B.  Lapham,  M.  D.,  should  be 

added  as  genera]  editor. 
I  —  Line  10th.  for  Taoatines  r.-  id  T  in  itines. 

—  Bottom,  for  Adams,  James,  read  Adams,  John  M« 
I  —For  Morrell,  Miss,  read  Merrill. 

i.  -Mi-  has  been  merged  in  the  Echo,  and  published  bj  II.    \.  M 

Cir<  alation  10/) 


Washington  Press.     No  hotter  hand  (lever)  Press  in  use. 


SUPPLEMENT 

TO    THE 

HISTORY  OF  THE  PRESS  OF  MAINE. 

March,  1874. 


PLAN  OF  THE  HISTORY. 

Among  the  forty  periodicals  that  have  given  favorable  notices 
of  this  work,  only  four,  to  our  knowledge,  have  found  fault  with 
the  arrangement  of  the  matter.  Possibly  the  writers  of  these 
critic-isms  failed  to  notice  that  the  editor  was  guided  by  the  chro- 
nological order  in  which  the  press  was  established  in  the  several 
counties ;  its  progress  through  each  county  being  given  in  like 
order,  commencing  at  the  time  of  its  first  entry  ;  thus  completing 
in  a  connected  view  the  history  of  each  county*  Slight  deviations 
from  this  rule  were  occasioned  by  the  peacemeal  manner  in  which 
the  matter  was  received.  The  two  Catalogues  of  authors  with  the 
Supplement  it  will  be  seen  were,  under  the  circumstances,  as 
explained,  unavoidable.  These  defects  are  remedied  by  the  full 
indexes  now  published. 

THE  INDEXES. 

The  work  of  prepai'ing  a  complete  alphabetical  index  of 
editors  and  authors,  together  with  an  index  of  all  the  periodicals 
of  Maine,  past  and  present,  though  conceived  necessary  to  make 
the  History  of  the  Press  convenient  for  reference,  appeared  at  the 
closing  up  of  the  volume  to  be  too  formidable  a  matter  for  the  re- 
maining strength  of  the  editor,  as  intimated  in  his  address  before 

37  »  See  table,  page  317. 


Til  I".    PRESS    OF    M\l\  I 

the   Editors  and   Publishers?  A iation.     He  is  glad  that  this 

work  has  been  delayed  to  gii  e  him  time  to  prepare,  as  be  baa  bow 
done,  the  rail  Index  here  presented  to  the  public. 

By  the  delay  he  has  not  only  remedied  an  evil  complained  o£ 
hut  has  been  able  to  add  totl  many  names  of  authors 

that  had  escaped  notice. 

For  convenience,  as  well  as  propriety,  we  have  classed  editors 
and  authors  in  the  same  index.    Strictly  speaking,  he  w  ho  pn 
original   matter  for  a  periodical  is  as  much  an  author  as  he  who 
writes  a  book. 

A.  glance  tl  the  multiplicity  of  newspapers  and  magazines  in 
tlii-  country,  and  the  avidity  with  which  they  are  read,  will  lead 
to  the  conviction  thai  the  periodical  press  is  destined  to  outweigh 
in  it-  influence  thai  of  the  book  press,  with  even  thai  of  the  pul- 
pi1  added. 

In  L800  the  population  <>f  Blaine  was,  in  round  numl 
152,000.  There  were  at  thai  time  only  five  weekly  newsp 
viz,  the  Portland  Gazette,  Eastern  Herald,  and  Oriental  Trum- 
pet,, printed  at  Portland;  the  Kennebec  Intelligencer,  at  Hallo- 
well,  and  tli<'  Castine  Journal, al  Castine.  In  lsl.">  the  population 
was  about  250,000.  All  the  above  named  papers,  excepting  the 
Portland  Gazette,  had  disappeared,  and  five  others,  viz,  the 
Eastern  Argus  al  Portland,  Weekly  Yrisitor  at  Kennebunk,  Hal- 
li.utll  Gazette  and  American  Advocate  at  Hallowell,  and  the 
B  rar  Weekh  Register  a1  Bangor,  had  taken  the  field.  In  ls7i> 
the  population  had  increased  to  over  000,000.  The  whole  num- 
ber of  periodicals  a1  tin-  date  was  7  J.  and  1 1  *  •  •  circulation  of  daily 

papers,  according  to  Howell  and  Co.'s  Directory,  was  aboul  '." ; 

tri-weekly,  800 ;  weeklies,  141,000.  Total  circulation  each  week, 
aboul  'Jnj, iiimi.  Probably  an  equal  number  of  papers  from  other 
States  was  circulated  in  Maine,  making  al  leasl  t\\"  papers  each 
w  eek  '■  •'  •  '•  •  rj  aduh  person  ! 

The  number  of  authors  of  books  and  pamphlets  in  Maine,  re- 
corded < 1 1 1 ii 1 1 _r  the  time  since  the  establishment  >'t'  the  first  press, 
is  over  600;  number  of  books  and  pamphlets,  1400.    Ami:. 


S  U  P  P  L  E  M  E  i\  T .  2dl 

periodicals  —  daily,  weekly,  and  monthly  —  fall  bnt  little,  if  any, 
short  of  500. 

This  view  of  the  progress  and  influence  of  the  press  should 
impress  us  with  the  great  responsibility  that  attaches  to  the 
editorial  corps.  Few  are  aware  how  much  the  life  of  a  repub- 
lic depends  upon  the  character  of  its  journalists. 

He  who  has  observed  the  progress  of  Journalism  in  Maine  for 
the  last  sixty  years  must  be  sensible  of  a  considerable  advance 
not  only  in  the  literary  but  in  the  moral  and  religious  character 
developed.  About  one  third  part  of  the  circulation  of  our  periodi- 
cals is  now  made  up  of  moral,  religious,  literary  or  scientific  mat- 
ter. Our  strictly  political  papers  are  of  a  much  higher  tone  than 
formerly. 

Next  in  importance  is  the  improvement  that  has  taken  place 
in  the  mechanical  department  of  the  press.  Xeatness  and  godli- 
ness usually  go  hand  in  hand.  Nearly  all  the  papers  in  Maine  for 
the  first  period  of  thirty  years  were  printed  with  second  hand  typo 
upon  a  coarse  paper,  24  X  19  or  20  inches, —  this  being  about  the 
only  size  of  printing  paper  made  in  Xew  England  sixty  to  seven- 
ty years  ago.  The  Portland  Gazette,  a  copy  of  which  we  have, 
dated  March,  1811,  is  of  this  size.  The  next  size,  used  commonly 
in  1820,  was  26  X  21.  The  Boston  Palladium,  the  State  paper  in 
1801,  was  only  27  X  21. 

The  paper-mill  at  Andover,  Mass..  where  was  manufactured  a  large  portion  of 
American  made  paper  used  in  New  England  sixty-five  years  ago,  made  only  the  fol- 
lowing sizes : 

Writing  Paper.  —  Foolscap,  17  x  14;  Pot,  14x7;  Letter  (now  called  Quarto- 
post,  or  Congress  Letter),  14  x  6  1-2. 

Printing  Paper.  —  Demy  (or  demi).  21  x  19  to  20 ;  Royal,  27  x  21. 

Forms  of  matter  were  so  imposed  as  to  give  four,  eight,  twelve,  eighteen 
twenty-four  or  thirty-two  pages  upon  the  side  of  a  demy  sheet.  This  gave  the 
terms  designating  the  size  of  books,  viz,  quarto,  octavo,  duodecimo,  etc.,  terms  ren- 
dered neirly  useless  siii"e  the  introduction  of  machine  presses,  by  reason  of  the  va- 
riety given  to  the  size  of  paper  and  the  number  of  pages  printed  upon  a  sheet. 

*#*  From  the  History  of  Andover  we  learn  that  the  mill  above  named  was  built  in 
1783  by  Hon.  Samuel  Phillips,  and  carried  on  by  Phillips  and  Houghton  It  was  burnt 
in  1810  or  'II,  and  rebuilt  in  1812.  Dea.  Amos  Blanchard  took  a  lease  of  the  mill 
soon  after.  He  was  manufacturing  paper  there,  to  our  knowledge,  in  1815;  Dan'l  Poor 
being  his  a<rent.  In  1820  he  furnished  paper  for  the  first  book  printed  in  Brunswick. 
See  page  72.  About  Si 0,000  worth  of  paper  was  made  annually  by  Dea.  Blanchard  • 
giving  employ  to  some  twenty  persons. 


TH  E    I'll  ESS    OF    MAIM 

Omitted  articles  in  the  History  of   the    Press,  followed    by  notices 
of  papers  commenced  since  the  volume  was  issued. 

(  i  MBERLAND  COI  N  I  V. 

Among  the  literary  curiosities  thai  have  come  t<>  hand  is  the 

Prospectus  of  the  first  Literary  Magazine  ever  proposed  in  Maine, 

a  synopsis  of  which  has  been  furnished  bj  :i  friend  whose  assistance 

ilicited.     Whether  any  Dumber  of  the  work  was  published 

antiquarian  research  has  failed  to  discover. 

In  L8  fl  ;i  pamphlet  appeared  in  Portland  with  the  following  title-pag 

'•  PBOSPl  CTDfl 

The    MOTLEY 

A      I    I  I  I    11  \  R  V      10  D  R  N  A  I. 
To  V  printed  at  Trtrtland 

Bi  J.  M'Kows,  in  IK08. 

Coiromows.     1.   The  Journal  will  be  well  i »i-i 1 1 1 1 -.  1  on  twelve  octavo  | 

of  good  paper,  in  the  style  of  the  present  prospectus. 
2.  The  price  t"  subscribers  will  I"-  $2.5  '  •>  year,  payable  in  advai 
:;.   The  first  number  will  !>■■  Issued  Saturday  evening,  January  -." 
It  also  bore  the  following  motto: 

To  speak  my  mind.     Motley  '»  the  only  < 

The  Prospectus,  or  "  Preface  "  as  it  is  called  after  the  t  i  1 1  *  -  page,  Oils  tiv.> 
closely  printed  octavo  pages,  and  Is  elaborate  and  somewhat  florid  in  style. 
It  discusses  tii.-  favorable  conditions  for  the  cultivation  and  growth  of  litera- 
ture and  modestly  concludes  that  "the  profession  is  more  congenial  « itl>  the 
unbounded  sensations  of  ;i  republican,  than  with  the  restraints  and  terrours 

issal."    Of  course  we  find  the  usual  referei  e,  andthi 

ment  that  "in  the  summer  of  their  glory,  fori!  was  at  the  midday  of  th>-ir 
virtue,  the  plains  i      G  were  the  loveliest  pictures  of  politics  and  litera- 

ture that  were  ever  grouped."  It  adds,  evidently  bj  waj  of  encouragement, 
lalnu  "i"  .i  civil  origin  and  "f  a  llterarj  purp- »rt  close]]  in 
alliance  with  tii  ■  gh  >stlj  m  m  »ries  of  those  honorabl  i  si  ites."  "  \  <t ."  the 
truthful  and  conscientious  prefacer  i>  forced  t"  say,  "  In  1 1 1« ■  «lt-~§»ii«-  <<f  these 
quickening  analogies,  the  sleep  "t  de  ith  ha>  b  ten  upon  the  heavj  and  glassy 
\  iture."     That  was  certninly  bad.     He  becomes  specific, 

and  mentions  th<  thout  giving  nam  -  of  a  historian,  a  scholar,  and 

who  bad  produced  something  excellent  In  thi  •  lines,  i>ut 

the  Simple  8  the  period  cared  not  to  taste  tin      I  I 


SUPPLEMENT.  293 

for  so  discreditable  an  indifference  appears  to  be  that  "the  heroes  and  the 
lovers  of  America  had  no  ardor.  Their  sentiments  of  one  kind  terminated  in 
Marriage,  and  their  passion  for  the  other  was  bounded  by  Peace."  Marriage 
and  Peace !  Truly  our  ancestors  aspired  to  a  grouping  rarer  and  lovelier  than 
any  that  the  plains  of  Greece  ever  presented.  But,  though  the  subtle  editor 
of  the  Prospectus  casts  us  down,  he  would  not  have  us  destroyed,  and  we 
pluck  up  our  courage  again  at  the  discovery  that  "  the  flight  of  years  has  not 
carried  away  a  single  charm  from  Nature  as  she  reclines  on  this  voluptuous 
bank  of  the  Atlantic.  Her  smiles  are  as  bright — her  blushes  as  glowing — 
her  breath  as  sweet  and  the  opening  fascination  of  her  eye  as  blue  as  when  at 
evenings  of  yore  Sicilians  tuned  them  upon  the  reed,  or  Provenceaux  sung 
them  latterly  to  the  harp.  Nor  has  her  'right  hand  forgot  its  cunning,'  for 
when  in  good  sooth  has  she  formed  her  clay  into  finer  women  ?"  Verily  such 
gallantry  as  that  ought  to  have  assured  the  success  of  the  Motley  at  the  outset, 
and  doubtless  it  would,  had  it  not  have  been  for  an  unlucky  paragraph  which 
occurs  on  the  following  page,  and  which  we  grieve  that  we  must  quote : 
'"Whether  a  journal  like  the  present  offering,  and  conducted  according  to 
promise  be  wanted  in  The  District  is  to  find  answer  in  the  return  of  our 
subscriptions.  We  rely  with  an  honest,  and  a  lively,  and  an  abiding  confi- 
dence upon  the  auspices  and  cheers  of  the  Gentlemen  of  these  counties.  Our 
papers  are  inscribed  to  them.  Haply  aided  by  the  magnet  of  a  good  type  and 
the  charms  of  a  fair  page,  we  may 

'  Win  the  stray  glance  of  Lady  passing  by : 
but  a  miscellany  unreservedly  at  their  devotion  is  forever  precise  or  everlast- 
ingly frivolous." 

Good-bye  Motley  after  that.  We  fancy  that  few  gentlemen  of  these 
■counties  who  were  ardent  for  Marriage  and  Peace,  would  venture  to  encourage 
J.  M'Kown  to  publish  a  journal  beginning  in  that  strain.  Nevertheless  the 
luckless  editor,  seemingly  unconscious  of  his  fatal  slip,  closes  his  utterance 
with  a  stout  heart,  and  in  the  following  words:  "Apprehensions,  we  know, 
are  frequently  the  squalls  of  conscience ;  and  often  when  men  foretell  their 
own  defeat  their  own  incapacity  is  the  prophet.  These  epigrams  are  true 
enough.  But  they  have  no  sting  for  pure  hearts  and  disciplined  heads  em- 
ployed in  arraying  a  motley  Mercury  a  V  antique in  conducting  a  journal 

of  profit  and  pleasure  on  the  elder  rules  of  philosophy  and  letters." 

BOWDOLN    PORTFOLIO, 

a  monthly  magazine  of  24  pp.  Svo.,  was  published  in  1839-'40  by 
a  society  of  students  in  Bowdoin  College.  Edward  P.  TVeston 
(first  mover  in  the  concern),  B.  A.  G.  Fuller,  J.  B.  L.  Soule,  Elijah 
Kellogg,  and  Geo.  F.  Magoun,  were  its  editors.  Published  one 
yeai^  from  the  press  of  J.  Griffin. 


294  F  '•  '     PRESS    OF    MAINE. 

PEJEPSCOT  JOI  Rfl  \l.. 

a  weekly  sheet,  was  published  :it  Brunswick  in  1846,  one  year, 
edited  bj  <i.  C.  Swallow,  now  Professor  of  Geology  and  Agricul- 
ture in  Missouri. 

THE   SCHOl  IR'S    l  EAF    (Portland) 

ik"\i  res  Tree  of  Knowledge,  was  started  Jan.  6, 1849,  as  a 
weekly  of  eighl  pages.  It  was  edited  bj  M.  B.  Walker  and  J. 
( ).  Barrett,  and  printed  by  C.  W.  Pennell  and  ('".  Four  num- 
bers were  published  in  January,  and  then  it  was  changed  to  a 
semi-monthly  of  16  pages.  At  the  end  of  first  volume  (26  num- 
bers, 384  pages)  it--  size  was  reduced  to  a  common  octavo,  and 
continued  as  before.  After  twenty-two  numbers  of  thai  volume 
were  issued,  its  suspension  was  announced.  It  excited  much  in- 
terest among  scholars,  and  contained  very  many  discussions  writ- 
ten by  scholars  and  teachers.  Bui  pecuniarily  it  was  a  failure. 
It  is  doubtful  it'  any  paper  in  the  State  ever  had  .-i  larger  corps  of 
regular  bul  voluntary  correspondents.  Its  List  of  subscribers' was 
transferred  to  the  Portland  Transcript. 

MUSICAL  JOURNAL.      I  CRYSTAL —>  MASONIC  JOURNAL. 

'Phis  paper  (monthly),  a  folio  of  eighl  pages,  was  commenced 
at  N<'U  Sharon  in  May,  1854,  bj  Gr.  W.  Chase,  under  the  name  of 
Musical  Advertiser.  Alter  two  numbers  were  issued  al  this  place 
it  was  removed  to  Brunswick.  In  about  one  year  its  name  was 
ohanged  to  Musical  and  Masqpic  Journal.  In  May,  ls">7.  it  was 
moved  to  Haverhill,  Mass.,  and  published  until  Jan.,  I860,  when 
it  was  Bold  to  Rev.  Cyril  Pearl,  and  united  with  the  Crystal  and 
published  at  Portland,  semi-monthly,  under  two  titles.  On  one 
Bide,  the  name  Crystal ;  on  the  other,  Masonic  Journal.  !!<■  con- 
tinued in  this  way  until  June,  1860,  and  then  moved  to  Water- 
ville,  Canada  Eastland  published  the  paper  there,  as  well 
Portland.  Brown  Thurston  printed  it  all  the  while.  [1 
to  exist  :itt«r  I  lea,  I 

U'\":   \  n    OF  I  REEDOM. 
This  was  a  scmi-monthl)  published  a1  Brunswick,  commenced 
March,  1888,  for  the  abolition  of  slavery,     edited  by  the  late  Prof. 
Win.  Smyth,  !>.!>..  of  Bowdoin  College.    It  was  continued  al 


SUPPLEMENT.  195 

Brunswick  about  one  year,  and  then  removed  to  Hallowell  and 
placed  under  the  editorship  of  Mr.  Austin  Willey;  Prof.  Smyth 
retiring.  Mr.  T.  W.  Newman  (now  of  the  New  York  Tribune 
office)  the  publisher  has  sent  us  the  following  extract  from  the 
prospectus,  written  by  Prof.  Smith,  appealing  to  his  christian 
brethren  in  Maine. 

"  Mere  dead  orthodoxy  will  do  no  good  either  to  ourselves  or  to  the  slave. 
The  exigencies  of  the  cause  require  practical  abolitionism,  faith  manifested 
by  works  corresponding.  It  is  time  to  awake  out  of  sleep,  and  to  show  our 
attachment  to  the  cause,  not  merely  by  profession,  but  by  the  sacrifices  and 
efforts  we  are  ready  to  make  for  its  advancement." 

Mr.  Newman  adds  the  following  testimony  to  the  character  of 
Prof.  Smyth.  "  When  publishing  the  Advocate  I  was  a  young  man 
about  twenty-one,  I  am  now  an  old  man  of  sixty-seven,  yet  the 
memory  of  my  intercourse  with  that  Christian  gentleman  and 
scholar  remains  as  a  light  in  a  dark  world,  and  his  example  as  a 
beacon  in  the  path  to  the  better  life." 

Tiie  Battle  Axe,  a  juvenile  temperance  paper,  page  7  by  6,  was  printed 
in  1849  at  Portland,  by  master  B.  F.  Thorndike. 

The  Nonpareil,  of  same  size  as  the  Battle  Axe,  was  published  at  same 
place  for  a  short  time,  by  masters  Cummings  and  Mitchell. 

These  juvenile  efforts  have  proved  usually  a  good  discipline  to  the  pub- 
lishers. 

ECLECTIC. 
[Some  account  of  this  paper  is  given  on  pages  58  and  59  in  connection  with  the  Tran- 
script.    The  high  rank  that  the  Transcript  has  attained  among  the  literary  papers 
of  the  country  has  made  it  desirable  to  present  here  in  detail  the  many  changes 
of  laborers  and  the  hard  work  required  to  build  up  a  paper  in  Maine  so  as  to 
make  it  a  success.] 
The  Eclectic  was  commenced  at  Portland  by  Edwin  Plummer,  in  October,  1850. 
For  a  short  time  a  Mr.  Eldridge  was  associated  with  Mr.  Plummer  in  its  publication. 
Charles   P.  llsley  had   an   editorial    connection   with   the    paper    during  its  whole 
career.     After  a  little  over  two  years  of  hard  work,  during  which  he  placed  the 
Eclectic  upon  a  paying  basis,  Mr.  Plummer  was  obliged  by  his  failing  health,  to 
give  up  his  connection  with  it,  otherwise  than  as  an  occasional  contributor.     In  Jan- 
uary, 1853,  the   Eclectic  was  purchased  by  Messrs.  E.  P.  Weston  and  S.  T.  Pickard, 
and  published  under  the  firm  of  S.  T.  Pickard  and  Co.    Mr.  Weston,  a  graduate  of 
Bowdoin,  class  of  1839,  was  at  that  time  Principal  of  Gorham  Seminary,  and  had  for 
some  years  been  known  to  the  public  as  a  contributor  of  prose  and  verse  to  the  lead- 
ing periodicals  of  the  country.     But  then  as  ever  since  the  educational  interests  of 
the  State  and  the  country  claimed  the  chief  share  of  his  attention.    Mr.  Pickard  pre- 


tii  i:  r  R  k»s  or  m  \  i  N  E 

viously  had  a  brief  experience  as  a  publisher  in  Boston,  baring  been  connected  with 
the  illustrated  pa<>--       I    •   I     rpel 

In  \;,r:l.l  ■  •  .  I  i  lie,  then  hating  ■  rirculation  of  about  WOO.  united  with 
the  Portland  Transcript  which  had  about  liOuO  subsenbers.  For  ■  tunc  all  the  propri- 
prietors  of  fa  ed  their  connection  with  the  Transcript.    (See  Watch- 

tower  Mr.  Gooldwai  obliged  by  failing  health  to  pi  re  up  the 

labor  and  care  of  the  office,  and  ins  interest  was  purchased  by  his  partners.  He  died 
[n  1850  I  M  -  b,  1860,  Mr.  Weaton  aold  his  interest  to  Mr.  Charles  W.  Pickard.  a 
te  of  Bowdoin  College,  claaa  of  1837.    (Kor  further  particulars  hop  page  59). 

Mr.  dwell  i^  i  native  of  Port!  ind,  rec<  ired  hit  education  in  the  public  schools  of 
that  city,  learned  the  printer's  trade  in  the  office  of  the  Duly  American,  published  in 
Portland  in  1842,  became  connected  with  the  Transcript  in  1848,  and  has  had  editorial 

•     of  it    since   that    tune,  an    unbroken  service  of  over  twenty-live   years.     The 
Transcript,   now  in   the  thirty-eighth   vcar  ■  nee.  has   a  weekly  circulation 

of  twenty-two  thousand  copies. 

THE  ENQI  [RER, 

published  al  Portland  weekly,  was  the  successor  of  the  Riverside 
Eoho  (pp.  63,69).  The  latter  paper  was  purchased  in  March,  lvT-J, 
bj  1 1.  A.  M<  rlenney  and  Co.  who  continued  it  under  the  old  name 
until  January,  1ST::.  when  they  enlarged  the  Bheel  to  v  pp.,  20  X 
14  and  changed  the  name  to  Enquirer.  As  a  paper  it  Beemed  to 
be  remarkably  successful,  having  at  the  time  of  it-  suspension 
(imi  accounted  for)  in  July,  ls7:i,  it  is  »aid,ua  bona  JUL  List  of 
over  12,000  subscribers.  The  Rev.  B.  P.  Snow,  who  was  editori- 
ally connected  with  this  paper,  is  aow  one  of  the  editors  of  the 

Christian  .Minor. 

\n\  CRT1SER    \M'  STA  I  r 
The   Portland   Advertiser  and  the  State  have  been  united. 
The  Advertiser  remains  under  the  same  editorial  management  as 
heretofore.     Mr.  Stimaon,  of  the  State,  is  now  the  busmen  man- 
ager of  the  joint  concern. 

TORE  COl  NTY. 

(Tj*The  additions  ami  corrections  to  the  Hfartor]  of  the  Preaa  in  Fori  Cooaty  are 
given  us  bi  I  II  Pierce  of  Saco,  Feb.  tQ,  1874     Mr  Pierce  for  many  yean 

on  t ,. .  ■.  rest  m  the  newspaper  press,  nol  on)}  n  Maine,  but  In  otbei  parti 

land     Hi  baa  i  large  collection  of  sample  sheets  of  old  publications. 

i:i  I  IGIOl  9   MAG  \/lM' 

edited  b)  Eld.  John  Buiaell  Vol.  I.  s  cumbers,  288  Dpi  Portland, 
Oct.1812;  A.  Shirlej  ;  Koontainingashort  History  of  the  Churoh  of 


SUPPLEMENT.  297 

Christ,  gathered  at  New  Durham,  X.  H.,  in  the  year  1780,  and  now 
spreading  its  various  branches  in  almost  every  direction  through 

the  States  of  New  Hampshire,  Vermont,  the  District  of  Maine,  and 
in  many  other  parts  of  America." 

Vol.  ii.  of  this  Magazine,  published  1820, '21  '22,  contained  an 
account  of  the  united  Churches  of  Christ,  commonly  called  Free- 
will Baptist.     Kennebunk  ;  James  K.  Remich. 
MAINE  RECORDER. 

This  was  a  weekly  sheet,  commenced  at  Limington,  Apr.  1832  ; 
Moses  A.  Dow  was  publisher,  and  Gamaliel  E.  Smith,  editor. 
The  second  volume  is  by  Arthur  M.  Baker.  Vol.  iv.  pub- 
lished in  1835,  is  by  Charles  Davis.  It  was  a  Whig  organ ; 
continued  until  Dec.  31,  1835. 

NATIONAL   REPLBLICAN, 
a   Whig  sheet,  was  commenced  at  Saco,  Oct.  1832,  by  Dow  and 
Marble.     It  continued  into   the  second  year.     Henry  P.  Pratt,  of 
the  Limington  Recorder,  succeeded  the  first  publishers. 

YANKEE   FARMER, 
by   S.  W.  Cole,   semi-monthly,   Cornish,   1835,  was   printed   one 
year  at  the  Recorder  office,   Limington  ;    afterward  for  several 
years  at  Portland,  and  then  merged  with  the  New  England  Far- 
mer at  Boston,  Mass. 

YORK  COUNTY  HKRALD, 

a  Whig  paper,  was  commenced  March,  1838,  by  Stephen  and 
Clement  Webster.  It  was  continued  until  Feb.  17,  1843.  when 
it  was  discontinued,  its  printing  materials  having  been  sold  to 
James  M.  Buzzell,  with  which  he  commenced  in  March,  1843,  the 
MAINE  FREEWILL  BAPTIST  REPOSITORY. 
This  periodical  was  published  at  Saco  about  three  years  and 
then  removed  to  Limerick,  where  it  reached  its  eighth  volume ; 
Eld.  John  Buzzell,  assistant  editor. 

VILLAGE  REGISTER  AND  FARMER'S  MISCELLANY. 

This  paper,  neutral  in  politics,  was  commenced  in  May,  1840, 
at  Limerick,  and  published  until  the  following  September.  It  was 
then  changed  to  the  Eastern"  Star  and  became  a  Harrison  cam- 
paign paper.  It  was  continued  about  six  months.  S.  B.  Eastman, 
publisher. 

38 


i  •    M  \  i  x.  r  . 
ill  URRWICK    REPI  BLICAN, 

P.  Hale.     I  bare  seen   No.  2,  vol.   u 
March  -~.  1835.     I'  in   August,    1835.     [1  i 

w: 
published  in  Biddeford  '  j  Marcus  W      •      ;  C.HJ 

bur  months;  afterward  a  contributor. 
WASHINGTON]  \N     BANNER. 

published  bj  ( 

EX1  OSITOR. 

This  waa  r,  published  al   Portland  by  Thomas  Nichols 

and  bro.  in  ">>.     [t  was  a  violent  opponent  of  the  "Maine 

Law."  and  aided  much  in  tl>'  Samuel  Wells  for  <  <"\  er- 

nor  in   L855.     [n  i  556  John  M.  Wood  obtained  the  control  >'t*it, 
and  it   I 

iice. 


ANDROSCOGGIN  COUNTY. 

M  \im:  e\  \m;i:i  i 
igious  paper  nnder  the  patroi  the  congregational  de- 

nomination, was  commenced  and  published,  tir>t  at  Portland,  and 
kvard  al  Lewiston,  during  the  year   1856.     Published  weekly 
wiston  ron   and    Dingley.      Si»    <>f  the   paper, 

86  X  24.     Editors,    Rev.s  .1.    Drummond,   I'.   Balkam,   ai 

■  II ;  \.  i  Ungley,  jr..  office  editor :  Re^ .  S.  C.  F<  — <  aden,  edi- 
I  correspondent  and  general  agent. 
RISING   SI  X, 

a  newspaper  on  a  sheel  '.i    •    22,  was  commenced  at  Little  River 
Village,  Lisbon,  .1  •■  ■  •.    Plummer,  proprietor,   A.    \\  . 

Hobbs,  editor.     The  Sun  was  published  under  the  patronas 
tip-    Freewill    Baptist    Association.     X".  'J",  in  our   possession,  is 
well  printed  bj  I  Irras,  and   is  well  filled  with  inter- 

tter.     Ii  was  continued  at  Lisbon  only  one  year;  after- 
ward removed  and  published  at   Richmond  tur  abuui 
a  1. 


Si    PT  L  V.M  R  NT.  i 

BATES  STUDENT, 
Published  monthly  at  Lewiston ;  edited  by  students. 

ONCE   A   WEEK, 

a   literary  periodical,  Lewiston ;  vol.  i.  commenced  April  5,  L873. 

Miss  L.  W.  Sanford  and  Mrs.  E.  L.  Gatchell,  editors.   It  continued, 

wc  believe,  about  a  year. 

CLIPPER. 

This  is  a  small  weekly  paper  commenced  in  1874,  and  pub- 
lished at  Auburn. 

OXFORD  COUNTY. 
REVIEW  AND  HERALD  OP  THZ  SABBATH. 

The  first  volume  of  this  periodical  was  published  in  1850  at 
Paris,  in  monthly  parts.  In  1851  it  was  continued  semi-monthly. 
The  last  number  is  dated  Paris,  Me.  June  9,  1851.  It  was  subse- 
quently published  for  short  periods  at  Saratoga  Springs;  then  at 
Rochester,  N.Y.,  and  afterward  removed  to  Battle  Creek,  Mich., 
where  it  is  still  published  and  extensively  circulated;  two  steam 
presses  running  upon  this  and  the  society's  other  publications, 
night  and  day.  A  paper  preliminary  to  this,  was  issued  for 
some  months  at  Topsham  in  1840  by  Elder  Jas.  White,  the  present 
President  of  the  Adventist  Association.  One  number  of  the  paper 
was  printed  at  our  office,  under  the  title  "A  Word  to  the  Little 
Flock."  Its  size  4  pp.  10  X  8-  Its  publication  was  continued  at 
Topsham  for  a  few  months;  its  form  afterward  changed  and  pub- 
lished as  above.  Mr.  William  A.  Wheeler,  (see  p.  304),  then 
a  little  boy  at  Topsham,  who  has  reminded  us  of  the  forego- 
ing omission,  says,  "The  press  on  which  this  paper  was  printed 
was  in  the  upper  story  of  a  carpenter's  shop,  immediately  behind 
Mr.  Larrabee's  house,  near  my  father's  garden.  I  often  went  into 
the  office  to  see  them  set  type." 


SAGADAHOC  COUNTY. 

JUVENILES. 

What  Not.  This  is  the  title  of  a  little  paper  of  4  pp.  6x5,  published  at 
Bowdoinham  in  1859  and  '60.  No.  3,  which  lias  been  sent  to  us,  is  dated 
Oct.  1S59.  It  is  edited  and  published  by  J.  L.  Brown,  a  trader.  Though  a 
very  small  paper,  it  deserves  notice  on  account  of  its  good  moral  tone. 


gOO  THE    PRESS  01     MAIN  E. 

Tin:  EAOU  •reekrj  at 

Bath  in  184£  .-.     The  fii 

mce  of  being  wholly  a  child's  w 
vol.  of  8  numb  ■:-.  bound,  page  7  i>y  ."..  Bhows  bo  much  Improvement,  both  in 
printing  and  editing,  th  mme  he  had  thi 

with  a  better  apparatus.    At  tl utbreak  <>t"  the  rebellion,  he  entered  the 

arm]  .1-  quartermaster,  and  al  the  end  of  the  war  was  brevet 
He  Is  ii"V.  d  merchanl  al  Bangor. 

'I'm    I  ki  ELSioB,  a  juvenile  ol  4  pp.  7  by  •'>.  published  at  Bath  in  1848,  by 
masters  Line  tin  and  Swift,  was  of  Bame  size  and  equally  well  printed  as  the 
above  vol.  n..  an  1  quite  as  n  II  edited;  but  it  >•  intinued  only  a  Bhort  time. 
LEISURE  lli>l  RS, 

a  monthly  of  10  pp.  o  mmence  1  Jan.  1874,  published  al  the  Times 
oilier,  Bath. 

LINCOLN  COUNTY. 

MONTHLY  Ml 
commenced  al  Waldoboro',  Jan.,  1873,  at  one  dollar  a  year  ; 
a  quarto  of  eighl  pages,  15  x  11.  We  have  seen  the  fourth 
(April)  number,  which  contains,  with  other  interesting  matter, 
seventy-five  names  of  the  first  settlers  of  the  town  —  all  Germans. 
Scarcely  a  single  name  exists  to-day  as  it  was  pronounced  and 
written  in  1762,  As  an  instance  of  gradual  changes,  we  have  in 
the  name    Sidsnsberger  —  fit        s  •/•  /•,  and  thei 

An  interesting  sketch  of  the  history  of  the  first  settlement  is 
given. 

KNOX  COUNTY. 

[DEN    HERALD. 
Mi   W   II  Twombrj   (now  editor  and  proprietor  of  the  Banner,  W 
N'  ■  following  the  firat  ihui  of  the 

•  of  until  I 
pi  ice. 

The  Camden  Herald  originated  in  January,  1869,  Wm.  11. 
B  ry,  a  printer  from  Winthrop,  being  its  firel  publisher.  It  was 
a  small  sheet,  five  columns  to  a  i  up  entirely  in  nonpareil 

type.    '  >n  the  first  of  the  nexl  September  the  office  w  as  purchased 
l»\  \V.  II.  Twomblj    ud  1».  L  Crandall,  both  printers  from  Mas- 


SUPPLEMENT.  301 

sachusetts,  who  enlarged  the  paper  by  adding  two  columns  to  a 
page,  and  setting  the  reading  in  larger  type.  On  the  first  of 
March,  1870,  Mr.  Twombly  purchased  his  partner's  interest,  and 
has  since  been  sole  proprietor  and  editor.  During  the  first  year 
the  circulation  of  the  Herald  was  about  600.  Under  the  present 
management  it  has  reached  1200,  and  is  growing.  It  aims  to  be 
as  local  in  character  as  possible,  with  no  political  bias.  The  size 
of  the  paper  is  86  X  24. 

The  editor  (Mr.  Twombly)  is  a  native  of  Dover,  N".  H., 
but  learned  the  art  of  printing  in  the  city  of  New  York,  where 
he  resided  some  twenty  years,  filling  various  situations  at  the  case, 
in  the  reportorial  corps,  and  in  the  editorial  room.  He  after- 
awards  removed  to  Boston,  where  he  was  manager  of  a  newspaper 
for  a  year  or  two.  A  lodge  of  Good  Templars,  recently  instituted 
in  Camden  with  seventy  members,  has  been  named  in  his  honor, 
he  being  an  active  advocate  of  temperance.  [J.  W.  Perry  is  the 
present  editor  — 1873-74.] 

KNOX  COUNTY  JOURNAL, 
a  monthly,  12  X  10,  published  at  Rockland  by  L.  M.  Robbins. 


PENOBSCOT  COUNTY. 
NORTHER V   BORDER. 

This  weekly  paper  was  commenced  in  Bangor,  Jan.,  1873.  It 
is  conducted  by  an  association  of  citizens,  with  Rev.  Dr.  B.  F. 
Tefft  as  editor-in-chief,  and  Oscar  F.  Knowles  as  printer.*  "  The 
object  is  (says  its  editor)  to  wTork  for  home  interests,  for  the  de- 
velopment of  our  resources,  for  the  advancement  of  this  portion 
of  our  country;  by  encouraging,  advocating,  and  befriending 
every  enterprise  that  has  this  great  object  in  view."  In  October, 
1873,  Mr.  V.  Darling  became  associated  with  Dr.  Tefft  in  the 
management  of  this  paper. 

THE   CRUCIBLE. 

This  is  the  title  of  a  neat  little  paper  issued  by  the  students  of 
the  Maine  Htate  College,  Orono.  J.  M.  Oak,  G.  H.  Hamlin,  and 
C.  E.  Reed  are  the  editors. 

*  Now  printed  by  the  Border  Publishing  Company,  office  on  Main  street. 


Til  I.    PI    ESS    OF    MAIN  E 

THE    STAR. 
Thia  paper  la  named  in  the  li«t  •  f  the  Portland  In  "tir  fir<t 

■mil  of  it  in  season,  n  d  until 

find  it  i<  published  i 
Sundaj  morning  bj  A.  P.  Welcl  3  24.    About 2  l-S 

ire  filled  with  interesting  reading  matter,  with  n 

!  is  filled  with  adveti 


l;  I  BL  I  OG  R  A  I'll  V. 

■•r.  Edward  E.  |  Kennebunk). 

II  for  the  pn 

I'. : :  \ ■ 

ilk,   a  Bo 

up,  and  •■  mtains 
in  m\  valu  ible  liiitt— . 
Bbow  ft,  John  M  irshalL 

-    ::  Williams  Post,  G.  A.  EL,  at 

\  \.  Philip  li  1 1 r> . 

the  Portland  Alumni  of  Bowdoln  College,  at  tln-ir 
Annual  1 1 
l'.i  //in.  John. 

Hi. .'i  I;    ik  for  (he  use  ol  st  denomination.    K" 

niii  Randall,  Founder  «'i"  the  Freewill  Baptisl  order.  I 
* ' i .  \  i : iv .  I:  -  thor  of  the  Prudj  books. 

<    I    MMIM.  I  I  C. 

Birth  and  Baptism.  Discourses  of  First  Principles.  Il'im".  Portland, '73. 
i  i  .  Edward  II. 
An   Address  delivered  Mar.  l">.  1870,  before  the  Sons  and  Da 

i  [ass.,  "ii  the  cel<  oration  •  ■!  the  fiftieth 

am  i  the  admission  "i  Maine  into  the  Union. 

I'l  981  s  di  -..  S  imui  I   '  . 

B  Speeches,  S     mons.  and   Addresses;  published   by 

Win.  P.  Tomlinson,  \.  Y.\  267pp.   I 

II    \MI   IN.      \ 

The  Tourmal  em;  it-  complex  nature;  Its  wonder- 

ful |ih\~i>-.ii  properties,  etc,  with  -|»-.i.i  uitiful 

and  matchless  Sd  Uoston;  James  R.  O 

pp.  l2mo. 

inville  Pi  p.  l2mo. 

Sah  i  published. 

l.;.;..  fax  J.  I 


SUPPLEMENT.  303 

IIill,  Thomas. 

"  The  Life  is  more  than  meat." — A  Sermon  preached  in  First  Parish, 
Portland,  on  occasion  of  the  death  of  Prof.  Agassiz.     Portland,  1874. 
Holmes,  John. 

Oration  delivered  at  Alfred,  July,  4,  1809.    Kennebunk,  Jas.  K.  Eemich. 
Johnston,  John. 

History  of  Bristol  and  Bremen,  including  Pemaquid  settlement;  524 
pp.     Svo.     Portraits  and  engravings. 
Mason,  Javan  K. 

A  Completed  Life,  —  A  Discourse,   in  Memoriam  of  Bev.   Richard 
Woodhull,   preached   at  Thomaston,   Nov.    27,    1873.      15  pp.   Svo. 
Rockland,  Vose  and  Porter. 
Owen.  Moses. 

Plymouth  Church  and  other  Poems;   pub.  by  W.  S.  Jones,   Portland; 
112  pp.  Svo. 
Packard,  Alpheus  S.,  sen. 

Discourse   on  the   Life   and  Character  of  Thomas   C.  Upham,  D.D., 

delivered  at  Brunswick,  Apr.  4,  1S72.     24  pp.  Svo.     J.  Griffin. 
Address  at  the  Centennial  Anniversary  of  the  Congregational  Church 

in  Wiscasset,  Aug.  1873 ;  Svo.     Wiscasset,  Joseph  Wood. 
Memorial  Address  at  the  interment  of  Dr.  James  McKeen,  Dec.  2,  1873. 
Riddell,  William. 

Two  Sermons,  preached  to  his  people  in  Bristol,  were  published  by 
Russell  and  Hoskins,  Wiscassett,  1800. 
Sewall,  Capt.  Henry,  (Augusta)  of  the  Army  of  the  Revolution,  Diary  of, 
1776  to  'S3;  published    from    the    original    manuscript,  by  Dawson, 
Morrisiana,  1ST.  Y.,  in  Histor.  Mag.,  Aug.  1871. 
Smith,  Gamaliel  E. 

Journal  of  the  Convention  of  Delegates,  assembled  at  Brunswick  in  1816, 
on  the  question  of  the  Separation  of  Maine  from  Massasachusetts. 
Smith,  Saba.  Downing  Gazette,  periodical,  Portland  in  1835. 

New  Elements  of  Geometry;  Svo.     N.  Y.,  1850. 
My  Thirty  Years  out  of  the  Senate  by  Maj.  Jack  Downing;  12mo. 

N.  Y,  1859. 
Way  Down  East;  or  Portraitures  of  Yankee  Life;  12mo.     Phil.  1866. 
Beside  the  works  here  and  elsewhere  named,  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Seba  Smith 
have  written  much  for  Magazines. 
Smith,  Mis.  E.  Oakes. 

Old  New  York,  or  Democracy  in  16S9 ;  a  Tragedy. 
Stetson,  Charles  B.  (formerly  Supervisor  of  Schools  in  Androscoggin  county). 
Technical  Education.     A  Plea  I'm- Special  Instruction  in  the  common 
schools  adapted  to  lit  pupils  for  the  trades  and  arts  they  design  to 
follow  in  after  life. 


8Q4  'III  B  PRESS  01     MAI  x-  E 

hiMren. 
Tin  i:-i"V  Stephen. 

II    •   rfcal   Address,  at  the  Centennial  Annivi  ••  organization 

of  ti  il  Church,  Bluehill,  Dec.  31,  1873,  with  a 

-    S   S  S  1-7  1. 

The  Ibung  People's  Bisl  »rj  of  Maine,  from  it-  earliest  discovery  I 
fund  settlement  of  it- 1>  lundaries  in  1842.     Adapted  i""r  us 
LUustral  d.     Portland,    Dresser,  McLellan  and  Co.     1878. 
',  B  >wd.  Coll.) 

Orographic  G  the  origin  and  Structure  of  Mount 

l:;*>  pp.,  Lee  and  Sh 
M  ini  i!  i  »r  R  dlroa  1  En 

i.]...  and  on  •  vol.  plat  - :  I.   s  and  Shepard,  Bosl  n,  1878. 
-      ii.l  edition  now  in  pi 
W  \i  dobobo'. 

1    Qtennial  Celebration  of  the  [ncorporation  of,  July  4.  1^1.).  edited  by 
ss.    Including  Sermon  by  Rev.  A.  J.  McL  ''ration 

by  Col.  A.  W.  Bradbun  ;  52  i>[>.  12m  ■.     Bangor,  Benja  A.  Rurr. 
Weston,  Edward  1'. 

Strength  by  S  .Chicago,  111. 

Win  BLEB,   William  A.. 

\  •  S       rintendent  o  ',  Library  J  we  lncl  claimed  as  a 

•  of  M  line,  bul  b 
II     father,  Rev.  Dr.  \.1>  \\  b  when  William  wma  in 

wdoin  Colli 

:  "ii  rarioui  •■ 
1 1 

tion  irj  in  pcrfe  ting  the  copj  for  I 

work  was  carefully  revised  b)  him.    The  Pron  ibularj  of  S 

tare  •  red  bj  him ;  and 

« Inch 
I  itOr     of    I  lu r.l    and 

with   Antiquirian  and   Philol 
H  !  tionuy,  it  is 

.mil  bted  i"  fa 
Wiiii  m  \ n.  \.  < ...  and  Ki  i  m  .  .i.  w . 

Nbl  v  D  hundred  Mini  i 

use  In  the  Engl  isli  High  School,  Boston,  1871.     160pp.  ISmo. 

i 
rim-  a  new  India  to  ntnt,  >nd  nlm  to  cuiy  oilu-r  uwttn  to  the  additional  »ig- 

natur*  at  th» 


CATALOGUE 


OUR  EDITORS  AND  AUTHORS; 


A  Complete   Index  to  the   History  of  the   Press  of   Maine. 


niT  In  this  Catalogue  we  have  inserted  the  names  of  native  authors  whose  writings 
have  been  published  in  other  States,  designating  them  by  this  sign  (§). 

Those  names  to  which  this  mark  (f)  is  attached,  we  copy  from  the  Historical  Maga- 
zine, where  they  are  inserted  as  authors,  natives  of  Maine.  We  are  unable 
to  find  any  books  ascribed  to  them,  and  the  supposition  is  that  their  writings 
are  limited  chiefly  to  public  journals,  or  the  volumes  of  the  Historical  So- 
ciety's Collections. 

In  our  newspaper  record,  where  no  editor  is  named,  it  is  taken  for  granted  that  the 
publisher  is,  or  was,  the  editor. 


Abbott,  Charles  N. 

t 

Allen,  E.  C. 

'99 

Abbott,  Ezra     f 

Allen,  Elizabeth  Akers 

270 

Abbott,  Gorham  D. 

233 

Allen,  Stephen 

234 

Abbott,  Jacob 

233 

Allen,  William 

224 

249 

Abbott,  John  S.  C. 

233 

Allen,  William 

182, 

234 

270 

Abbott,  John 

164,  173 

,206 

Anderson,  M.  B. 

t 

Abbott,  J.  G. 

83 

Anderson,  Rufus 

t 

Abbott,  N. 

163 

Appleton,  Jesse 

223 

249 

Adams,  Aaron  C. 

249 

Appleton,  John 

229 

249 

Adams,  C.  L. 

69 

Appleton,  Martha  W.  Hyd< 

249 

Adams,  Charles  S. 

234 

Atwood,  G.  M. 

101 

Adams,  Eliashib 

234 

Avery,  W.  L. 

162 

Adams,  George  E. 

234 

Adams,  Isaac 

36 

Badger,  W.  S. 

97 

Adams,  J.  M.     (Ed. 

Argus) 

51 

Bailey,  D.  P.  jr. 

70 

Adams,  John  C. 

249 

Bailey,  G.  A. 

57 

Adams,  Solomon 

249 

Bailey,  Jacob 

234 

Adams,  Thomas 

234 

Bailey,  Jeremiah 

249 

Alden,  S. 

117 

Bailey,  Winthrop 

249 

39 


802 

Til  1.    PR  ES 

S    OF    M  A  i  m:  . 

H  iUX. 

p  lOE. 

M'll. 

»..» 

.   !!.  K. 

91,  - 

Blake,  W.  A. 

Baker,  Joseph 

95 

Blood,  Mi-hill 

K. 

JO,  ^7 

B   urdman,  8.  J.. 

179 

Baker,  J.  8. 

.  w  .  W. 

Baker,  W.  M. 

204 

.  B,  P. 

113 

Balch,  J.  <). 

158 

Bosworth,  Rer.  Dr. 

Ballon, 

98 

ton,   Nathaniel 

do,  Uriah 

249 

.:  ae,  \'Aw .  1  . 

Ballard,  Edward 

234 

Boutelle,  C.  \. 

134 

■    Minutes 

■J -.n 

nrdoin  College 

f  Cumberland 

234 

Boynton,  John 

Barker,  instead  of  Backer           102 

Brackett,  (  .  P. 

Barker,  Noah    f 

165 

Barnes,  Phinehas 

39,  132 

Bradbury,  Charles 

Bartlett,  A. 

Kid 

Bradbury,  J.  W. 

Bartlett,  Joseph 

250 

Bradbury,  Lucius 

161 

Bartlett,  Jos. 

ll-J 

Bradburj .  <  Isgood    t 

Bartlett,  J.  W. 

i:;i 

Bradford,  Alden 

260 

Bartlett,  M.  B. 

119 

Bradley,  Caleb 

Bartlett,  Thomas,  jr. 

135,  111 

Bray,  Oliver 

Barttett,  Wm. 

210 

Bridgi .  E.  1 . 

Bartlett,  William  S. 

B  i,  M  iss  Ann  K. 

171 

Bartol,  Cj rus  A. 

250 

Brooks,  l'.ra-tus 

109 

Bartol,  Geo.  ML    t 

imes 

Bartol,  M;in 

221,  250 

...  A.  (  . 

111 

Barton,    \    i 

119,  120 

Brook, 

102 

B  mow >.  Wm.  0. 

84 

BroM  p..  A.  1.. 

rao 

B       .  Geo. 

98 

Brown,  Charles  p.      + 

1  1     inlet 

1  19,  167 

Brown,  C.  W. 

119 

.  James 

184 

i,  Prands 

261 

.    kiah 

250 

..  1  ..  w  . 

1  II 

Beard,  I.  A. 

84 

Brown,  John  ML 

B;  i». 

220, 

Brown,  J.  B. 

64 

Beckwith,  G   1 

250 

Brown,  L  B. 

Benson,  Samuel  P. 

Brown.  T.  11. 

129 

Bent,  John 

149,  150,  1 5 ; 

Buck,  Si 

219 

■_'  J 1 

SI,  61,  11.' 

Muck,  Reuben 

261 

Bicknell,  Geo.  W 

Burrage,  U.S.     Ed.  Ziou 

N  Ail\o. 

Bigelow,  Wm. 

168 

Burr,  B.  \ 

;  13, 

1 II 

HI  tokman,  ' 

154 

Burr,  Win. 

880 

Blaine,  J.  G 

in.  96,  - 

Burr.  W.    P. 

118 

Bl  ike,  Joi 

Burgess,  Bishop 

5  N  D  E  X. 

303 

PAGE. 

'AGE. 

Burgess,  G.  W. 

165 

Clark,  Elisha 

167 

171 

Burleigh,  John 

104 

Clay,  J.  A. 

101 

Burns,  James 

102 

Cleaveland,  Parker 

225 

251 

Burton,  James 

88,    92 

Close  &  Osborne 

147 

Burton,  J.  jr. 

129,  130 

Coan,  L.  S. 

236 

Butler,  J.  E. 

126 

Cobb,  C. 

169 

Butler,  John  J.     f 

Cobb,  Emma  ]).     f 

Buzzell  and  Burbank 

280 

Cochranism 

251 

Buzzell,  J.  M. 

127,  278 

Coffin,  John  H.  C.     f 
Coffin,  Paul 

251 

Cady  &  Smith 

123 

Coffin, 

54 

Call,  Samuel 

129 

Coggan,  M. 

283 

Caldwell,  R.  B.               102 

103,  192 

Cogswell,  Jonathan 

2-51 

252 

Came,  C.  G. 

41 

Cole,  Albert 

221 

Cary,  Theo. 

211 

Cole,  J.  G. 

120 

Carruthers,  John  J. 

251 

Cole,  S.  W. 

59 

Carpenter,  E.  G. 

251 

Colby,  G.  H. 

189 

Carter,  Henry 

39 

Colesworthy,  D.  C.  57, 

61,62,66 

252 

Carter,  J.  S. 

129,  136 

Colesworthy,  S.  H. 

67,  219 

252 

Carter,  Mrs.  M.  P. 

135 

Colman's  Miscellany 

252 

Carter,  N. 

37 

Colman,  Mrs.  Samuel 

t 

Carter,  S.  R. 

122 

Condit,  Jonathan  B. 

252 

Case,  E. 

40 

Condon,  J.  &  W. 

125 

Chamberlain,  Haines,  &  Plummer  167 

Condon,  W.  J. 

96 

Champlin,  J.  T. 

235 

Convention,  Maine 

252 

Chase,  B.  C. 

251 

Coombs,  H.  P. 

192 

Chase,  G.  W. 

206 

Copeland,  T.  J. 

180,  181 

182 

Chase,  G.  W. 

84 

Corthell  &  Swan 

193 

Chase,  G.  M. 

149 

Cothren,  William  f 

Chase,  H. 

89,  91 

Couliard  &  Hilton 

115 

Chapman,  G. 

123 

Cowan,  L.  O. 

126 

Chapin,  H.  B. 

251 

Cox,  Gershom  F.     f 

Chandler,  A.  V. 

95 

Craig,  H.  K.     t 

Chandler,  Peleg  W.     § 

Cram,  Marshall 

236 

Chaney,  W.  H. 

115 

Crandall,  P. 

89 

Cheever,  Geo.  B. 

235,570 

Cressey,  Noah 

252 

Cheever,  Henry  T. 

251 

Crosby,  W.  G. 

158 

164 

Cheever,  N. 

88,  90 

Crowell,  J. 

109 

Chickering,  J.  W. 

235,  251 

Cummings,  Asa 

65,  236 

252 

Cilley,  Jonathan 

191 

Cummings,  E.  C. 

296 

Clapp,  W.  W. 

113 

Currier,  A.  C. 

90 

Clark,  Bishop  W.  t 

Curtis,  Geo.  jr. 

212 

T  II  E    I'  RESS   01     MAINE. 


PAGE. 

Curt  is.  Laura     t 

Dunlap,  John 

M 

Curtis.  Tip 

[36 

l)ur.     .   1  ..   1  . 

. 

Curt  i  - 

1  18 

_iit.  Edward  S. 

253 

Cutter,  E.  P. 

■svi 

.lit.  William  T. 

r,  Win. 

57 

.  P. 

29| 

Cashing,  P.  1). 

F.  S. 

Philip 

Cushman,  David    f 

ii  Cyrus 

231,  236 

Cu-hinan.  Joshua 

. 

i,  Russell 
tnuel 

Dana.  8.  B. 

Eaton  Thos. 

167 

D.i\  ies,  Charles  S 

87,  S 

Edes,  Geo.  V. 

179 

201 

1  >a\N,  A.  15. 

119 

Edes,  Peter 

87 

L28 

.  A.  11. 

199 

Edwards,  John 

132 

Davis,  A.  II.  s.    t 

.  Jonathan 

ilvin 

,  .".I 

Ellis,  Thomas  L. 

253 

Day,  .1.  <>. 

ElHot,  .'.I. 

1  teane,  Charles     t 

EUingwood,  John  W. 

1  teane,  John  (J. 

Elvin,  Richard 

- 

Deane,  Samuel                ;!T 

ElwelL  K.  11. 

56 

1  leauc.  Win. 

87 

Emerson,  (>.  B. 

..  John  Ward 

270,  271 

Emerson,  John  1>. 

Nathaniel 

Emerson,  Samuel 

1  lickerson,  .1.  <  <. 

160 

l'.incr\ .  C.  A.  P. 

185 

Dickman,  James 

95,  127 

Emery,  (;.  F, 

121 

Samuel  F. 

Emery,  J.  W. 

147, 

1  is 

1  limock,  li.  P. 

182 

Em                  in- 

137, 

146 

1  )insmore,  8.  1'. 

lis,  W.  A. 

119 

I)iiiurl<'.v.  Prank  1  , 

205,  2 

Everett,  Eben< 

Dingle} .  Nelson,  jr. 

205,  208 

Donnell,  .1.  0. 

■JIT.  5 

Fairfield,  John 

1  inn-,  John                      B 1 

108,  161 

field,  Jotham 

1  )ii\k aing,  1.  C. 

188 

Pairfield,  8.  L 

1  >i.w  ns,  ( i.  1 '. 

Parrar,  A.  J. 

Dow,»F.  S. 

70 

Felch,  LN, 

162 

Drew,  Wm.  \. 

100,  . 

Fess(  n.hn.  Bamuel  C. 

w. 

i  it.  ; 

l'.il.  i>!"  1  ,\ 

1  >i  ink                         T. 

Fisher,  Jonathan 

1  )i unimoni.  J 

204, 

Fiek,  Allen 

2  J  i 

Drummond               l.    t 

Fiske,  John  0. 

Dunn,  W.  \ 

tmund    t 

Dunnell,  M.  B 

119 

Fleno 

219, 

INDEX. 

305 

PAGE. 

PAGE 

Fletcher,  E.  B. 

220 

,  254 

Gilman,  S.  K. 

88,91 

Fletcher,  Nathaniel  H. 

237 

Gilman,  Tristram 

255 

Fly,  Lizzie 

85 

Gilman,  W.  S. 

210 

Fogg,  James 

192 

Glazier,  William  B. 

231,  255 

Folsom,  B. 

147 

Glidden  &  Rowell 

213 

Folsom,  George 

237 

Goddard,  Henry 

255 

Forley,  W.  J. 

192 

Godfrey,  J.  E.  128, 139 

, 237,  255,  280 

Foster,  John     f 

Goodale,  Ephraim 

230,  255 

Foster,  N.  A. 

58,  63 

,  282 

Goodale,  Ezekiel         88,  90,  229,  255 

Fowler,  S. 

156 

Goodale,  G.  L. 

83 

French,  E.  B. 

174 

Goodale  S.  L. 

238 

French,  William 

219 

,254 

Goodwin,  Daniel  R. 

238 

Freeman,  Charles 

237 

Goodenow,  W.  E. 

118,  120 

Freeman,  Rev.  Charles 

237 

Gould,  E.  E. 

59 

Freeman,  Samuel 

237 

Gould,  J.  M. 

221,  255 

Freeman,  William 

280 

Gould,  W.  D. 

182,  186 

Frith,  J.  B. 

109 

Granger,  C.  H. 

126 

Frost,  Charles 

254 

Grant,  R. 

114, 116 

Frost,  J.  W. 

135 

Greeley,  Allen 

255 

Frye,  VV.  G. 

192 

Greenleaf,  Jonathan 

238,  255 

Fuller,  M.  W. 

96 

Greenleaf,  Moses 

238 

Fuller,  T.  J.  D. 

149 

Greenleaf,  Simon 

238 

Furbish,  James 

55 

Greene,  Roscoe  G. 

238 

Furbush, 

155 

156 

Griffin,  Benja. 
Griffin,  Joseph 

160 

52,  71  —  82 

Gage,  G.  M. 

69 

200 

Gross,  J.  P.   Ed.  Jour.  ] 

Education. 

Gale,  Wakefield 

254 

Groton,  Nathaniel 

238 

Gallison, 

145 

Gammon,  C.  G. 

41 

Hacker,  Jeremiah 

59 

Garcelon,  Alonzo 

203 

Hackelton,  Mrs.  Maria 

238 

Garland,  David 

254 

Haines,  R.  R. 

168,  282 

Gardiner,  C. 

98 

Haines,  Z.  T. 

41 

Gardiner,  F.     f 

Hall,  J.  B.                63, 

209,  212,  282 

Gardiner,  R.  H. 

237 

Hall,  Samuel 

113, 117 

Gatchell,  Mrs.  E.  S. 

99 

Hale,  David 

86 

George,  Daniel 

36,  50, 

281 

Hale,  J.  M. 

117 

George,  N.  D.     f 

Hamlin,  A.  C.     f 

Giles,  Chas. 

162 

Hamlin,  Charles  E. 

238,  271 

Gillett,  Eliphalet 

254 

Hamlin,  Cyrus 

22,  232 

Gilman,  Chas. 

131,  135, 

136 

Hamlin,  Hannibal 

57,  120 

Oilman,  Edward  W. 

255 

Hanscom,  A.  A. 

125 

Gilman,  J.  T. 

63,  171, 

282 

Hanson,  J.  H. 

271 

306 


l  It  l.    PRESS    "I     MAINE. 


:i.  .1.  W. 

muel 

II    tley.J.T. 
BaskelL  Edw. 
!.  Willabe 

igs,  Win. 
iy,  C.  F. 
Bathawaj .  <  ■•    ,W. 

.  1 1 
II       es,  A.  If. 
Haj  De8,  1).  C. 

lla\  Ql 

Baynes,  Nathaniel 
Bay,  J.  B. 
1 1  i\  wood,  John 
Beath,  A.  M.  C. 

II.      •':.    II.    M. 

Beath,  Solyman, 
k,  Anson 
..  \.  <  i. 

Berrick,  Jedediah 

II    .  John  B. 

Hill.  .1 

Billiard,  0.  8 

Bobbs  and  Burr 

Bodsdon,  John 
Ion,  John 

Bolden,  Charles 

Bolland,  A. 

Bolmea,  Ezekiel 

Soman,  Joa.  A. 

Bopkina,  Jamei  I ». 

Bopkins,  Louisa  1'. 

Bopkina,  M.  R. 

Bopkina,  J.  I'- 
ll     '.II 

is,  I .  II. 

Boskins,  II.  B, 

Boyt,  Edmund  S. 

1 1     ton,  J.  T. 

Bubbard,  J> 


PAOX. 

PAGE. 

98,  . 

Haley,  ('hark-  P. 

281,  255,  270 

:>h  H. 

t 

167 

I\t>.  A.  I'.. 

•"<7 

11 

Jackson,  John 

152 

70 

.Teaks  William 

2    1,  251 

103,  104 

A. 

106 

ihina,  Chai    - 

.    • 

Jenia,  W.  11. 

M 

280,  25fi 

Jewell,  11.  W. 

101 

113 

Jew.-  .  V  (.. 

217,  256 

Johnson,  W.  T. 

3 

131,  137 

1    bnaon,  Samuel 

130 

Johnson,  Edwin 

163 

onson,  Alfred 

168 

Johnston,  John 

101,  102 

Johnson.  B.  C. 

283 

Jones,  Elijah 

162, 

Jordan,  J.  H. 

115,  117 

Hi:i 

Jordan,  II.  M. 

.  91 

Judd,  Syh 

_    •.  240 

239 

-  th  It. 

257 

Kellogg,  Elijah 

240, 

Kellogg,  Elijah,  jr. 

240 

Kent,  Edward 

li".  i 

Kendall,  Henry 

240 

82,  131,  149 

K  Idder,  Frederic 

240 

51,  57 

Kimball,  11.  K. 

162 

11 1 

Kimball,  G.  A. 

168 

97,  100,  : 

King,  Boratio 

•".7.  1 19,  120 

97 

King,  William 

25" 

King,  Rufus    + 

bury,  1!. 

220,  257 

L89 

Knight,  Enoch 

B5,  277 

38 

Knowlea,  Abner 

191 

101 

Ladd,  William 

240 

277 

1  .an                        DUI 

Lancey,  B.  H.     t 

.  I  . 

208 

w  . 

INDEX. 


307 


Lapham,  W.  B.      (Me.  Farmer) 
Larrabee,  Wm.  G.     f 

Lawson,  J.  W.  101 

Lee,  Thomas  J.  230,  258 

Lincoln,  Enoch  240 

Lincoln,  R.  G.  89 

Lincoln,  R.  W.  41 

Lincoln,  Jas.  M.  172,  175 

Little,  63 

Little,  Daniel  258 

Little,  Geo.  B.  258 

Littlefield  &  Hill  185 

Locke,  John  L.  240 

Longfellow,  Henry  W.  225,  258 

Longfellow,  Stephen  258 

Longfellow,  Stephen,  jr.  258 

Loomis,  Harvey  258 

Loomis,  J.  R.  241 

Lord,  Chas.  A.  65 
Lord,  Nathan     f 

Lord,  Thos.  N.  258 

Loring,  Amasa  240 

Loring,  Levi  258 

Lovejoy,  Joseph  C.  90,  258 

Low,  L.  N.  53 

Lowell,  Chas.  114,  117 

Lowell,  J.  A.  149 

Ludwig,  M.  R.  241 

Lynde,  J.  H.  94,  133 

Lynde,  J.  S.  190 

Macomber,  F.  A.  85 
McDonald,  Wm.     | 

McLellan,  C.  H.  P.  57 

McFarland,  G.  W.  202 

McKown,  J.  51 

McKenney,  H.  A.  70 

McKenzie,  Alexander  259 

McKeen,  John  241 

McKeen,  Joseph,  sen.  241 

McKeen,  Silas  259 
McLellan,  Isaac    t 

Magoun,  Geo.  F.  258,  280 

Maine  Law  on  Temperance  258 


Maine  Missionary  Society 

Maltby,  John 

Mann,  A.  A. 

Mansur,  R.  M. 

Mandell,  D.  J. 

Manly, 

Marchant,  Gamaliel 

Marden,  Geo.  N. 

Martin,  Mrs.  C.  B.  22 

Mason,  William 

Mason,  Javan  K. 

Mathews,  Wm. 

Max  ham,  E. 

Maxwell  and  Beck 

May,  J.  W. 

May,  Hezekiah 

Meigs,  A.  S. 

Mead,  Asa 

Meder,  B.  H. 

Mellen,  Grenville 

Mellen,  G.  L. 

Merchant,  Matthew 

Merrill,  Daniel 

Merrill,  Josiah  G. 

Merrill,  S.  H. 

Messenger,  Rosewell 

Messinger,  F.  C. 

Mighels,  J.  W. 

Miller,  J.  W. 

Millet,  G.  W. 

Millet,  Joshua 

Miltimore,  Wm. 

Mitchell,  Ammi  R. 

Mitchell,  David  M. 

Mitchell,  S.  B. 

Moore,  Albert 

Moore,  G.  B. 

Moore,  Ben 

Moore  and  Wells 

Moore,  H.  D. 

Moody,  C.  P. 

Moody,  W.  K. 

Morgan,  Jonathan 

Morris,  E.  S. 


PAGE. 

259 

259 

186 

99,  200 

259 

97 

132 

259 

,  241,  259 

259 

259 

101,  105 
106 
125 
90 
259 
134 
259 
168 
259 
121 

221,  260 
241 
260 
241 
260 
195 
57 
56 

119,  120 
241 
260 
241 
260 
147 
188 
160 
188 
83 
260 
260 

186,  207 

219,  260 

220,  260 


I'll  E    P  RESS    <»  I-    M  \ 


Men-..;.  II.  K.  102 

M    mil.  John 
M      e,  £  Iw.  S.    f 
\. 
Moulton,  A.  1  . 
Ifowi   ,  G    S. 

Mower,  Sarah  S.  231, 

ly,  John 
-  up,  Charles    t 
March,  L.  11.  165 

\     !..  C.  EL 

N          ,  B    ilien  I'll 

Neal,  John  55,  242,  281 

Newman,  Gi  •.  EL  10,  91,  17:; 

Newman,  Samuel  1'.  225,  260 

Newman,  T.  U  .  89,  90,  91,  IT:; 

Nichols,  A.  It.  i  in 

Nichols,  A.  I>.  192 

Nichols,  [chahod  L'lT.  260 

Nichols,  .1.  I.  <i.  242 

N                 I  hristopher  1.  281,  260 

\    -!i,  James  \\ .  242,  276 

\          .  I  •  i\id  lis 
N                        f 

N  l  •_'•") 

N        .  W  m.  97,  125,  126 

Nutt,  N.  B.  l  it 

Nutter,  D.  s  ; 

Nuttu 

.  D  198 

■i  Family  243 
0*Brii  ■  .  i  ihn  M. 

jamin  L.  280,  260 

1 1       .  Charles  (read  M  2  IS 

0          II   ward  84, 8 

Owen,  Mi  296 

Packard,  AJpheui  S.  226, 

Packard,  A.  s.,  jr. 

Packard,  <  h  urles  260 

i 

:  N. 


^iah  260 

rd,  W.  A.  83 

\    W.    t 

EL  193 

,    .  Robert 

Palmer,  Edward  161 

Pah      ,  O.  8.  LQO 

P      ler,  Win.  ioo 

1'  irker,  Freeman 

Parker.  'II.  J      .  261 

1'          .  M      -rer  261 

Parlin,  (;.  A.  \:,:, 

I 

Parsons,  John  V.  217,  _>;i 

Usher    + 

Parkhust,  •'.  L  84 

i       ••  tt,  J.   1..  Ins 

Payson,  Edward, 

Pearl.  Cyril  217,  261 

Pi   k,  \.  D.  .  [01 

iah 

261 
Perley,  Jeremiah 

Perry,  E.  A.  134 

Perry,  J.  W.  295 

Phillips,  A.  (  .  199 

Pickard,  C.  W. 
Pickard,  .1.  1  . 

Pickard.  S.    I  . 

Pidgin,  William 

Pii         '  *iah  244,  261 

Pike.  »  152 

.  I  laniel  129 

Pike.  I).  T.  111.  1  IT 

Pike,  .1.  8.  16] 

Pike.  Mrs.  M.  II.  1 1      v 
Pike.  Richard    + 

P        M  1.  Richard  (Atherton)   t 
Pillsbury  and  Bui  165 

Pillsbury,  r   r. 
Pillsburj  and  S; 
.  Edward  EC    * 


INDEX. 

309 

PAGE. 

PAGE. 

Plummer,  Edwin 

59, 119 

Rand,  John 

36 

Plummer,  P.  W. 

221,  261 

Rasle,  (or  Rale)  Sebastian 

244 

Plummer,  W.  A. 

210 

Ray,  Isaac                        218 

244,  263 

Plummer,  W.  C. 

193 

Redington,  Asa 

230,  263 

Plumer,  S.  L. 

102 

Reed  and  Cole 

126 

Pomroy,  S.  L. 

232,  244,  261 

Reed,  Mrs.  D. 

219,  263 

Pond,  Enoch            217 

232,  261,  262 

Remick,  Daniel 

124 

Pond,  Preston 

262 

Remick,  J.  K. 

279 

Poor,  Henry  V. 

262 

Remick,  J.  L. 

124 

Poor,  J.  A. 

62,  244,  262 

Rice,  R.  D. 

39,  91,  96 

Poor,  John  H. 

244 

Rich,  F.  G. 

70 

Portland  Sketch  Book 

262 

Rich,  J.  G. 

123 

Porter,  J.  B. 

195 

Rip,  William  Ingraham 

271 

Popham  Colony 

262 

Ripley,  E.  W. 

263 

Pratt,  H.  P. 

149,  182 

Robbins,  R.  0. 

145 

Prentice,  Geo.  L.     f 

Roberts,  C.  P. 

142 

Prentice,  Thomas 

263 

Roberts,  E. 

171 

Prentiss,  Sargent  S. 

244 

Robinson,  Geo. 

96,97 

Preble,  Geo.  H. 

262,  263 

Robinson,  Daniel 

230,  263 

Preble,  Edward 

244 

Robinson,  H.  S. 

87,  273 

Preble,  Wm.  P. 

244 

Robinson,  S.  W. 

88 

Prescott,  L.  N. 

198 

Rogers,  W.  E.  P. 

132,  135 

Prime,  D.  H. 

163 

Rogers,  O.  W. 

283 

Prince,  H.,  jr. 

192 

Ross,  Geo. 

168 

Prince,  N. 

121 

Rowe,  J.  S. 

134 

Purinton,  J.  N. 

54 

Rowe,  C. 

160 

Purinton,  W.  H. 

54 

Rowell,  Isaac 

101 

Putnam  and  Blake 

124 

Rowell,  E. 

89 

Putnam,  Catharine  H. 

76 

Rowland,  L.  P. 

263 

Putnam,  Geo.  A. 

263 

Ruggles,  J. 

191 

Putnam,  Henry 

244 

Russell,  Edward     f 

Putnam,  S. 

218,  263 

Russell,  Elijah 

118 

Putnam,  S.  M. 

221,  263 

Russell,  J.  N. 

276 

Putnam,  W.  L. 

171 

Rust,  W.  M. 

164 

Omitted  in  place. 

Parkinson,  Joseph  G. 

§            no 

Sabine,  E.  R.    t 

Parkinson,  Robert  H. 

§ 

Sabine,  Lorenzo     f 

Parkinson,  Royal     § 

Sampson,  Chas. 

85 

Sanborn,  D. 

142 

Quinby,  George  W. 

98,  219,  263 

Savage, 

37 

Quincy, 

148 

Sawyer,  J.  E.  C. 

63,70 

Ramsey,  J.  J. 

172 

Sawyer,  N.  K. 

115 

Rand,  Asa 

38,  244,  263 

1    Sayward,  J.  S.                  9c 

,  132,  135 

40 

wo 

THE    PR1   -  -    01     MAINE. 

PAGE. 

Seammon,  W.  F. 

:.  Joseph 

264 

Seabury,  Edwin 

•_'»;» 

Smith.  John 

Seai  er,  Edward  BU 

Smith,  Seba 

•■- 1,  24 

Sc\ eranoe,  Luther 

Smith,  Ti. 

ill,   Daniel 

Smith,  Thomas  I  . 

245 

Sew, ill,  David    t 

Smith.  William   1'.. 

Bewail,  Jotbam 

I'll.  264 

Smith.  \V.  K. 

Bewail,  Jotbam  B. 

245,  864 

Smith.  X.  A. 

n<;.  186 

Bewail,  Jnlm  S. 

264 

Bmyth,  E  ('. 

245,  270 

Bewail,  Joseph 

243 

Smyth,  William 

-_ 

Sew  all,  Rufns  Ivin^ 

246 

Snow,  i;.  (;. 

_ 

Bewail,  Stephen 

278 

Bnow,  W.  It. 

151,  I"-:} 

Bewail,  Samuel 

264 

Some-.  1  >.  ]'.. 

126 

Bewail,  Wm.  B. 

.  38 

Souther.  Samuel 

246,  L'TL' 

Shaw,  Albert 

192 

Southgate,  Horatio    t 

Shaw,  ('.  A. 

1  •_'■-. 

Southgate,  Wm.  S.    f 

Shaw,  Fred  E. 

173 

Soutbworth,  Aianson 

Shaw.  (i.    K. 

1 22 

Soule.  ('has. 

218 

Shaw,  J.   It. 

195 

Bparhawk,  Thomas  s. 

265 

Sheldon,  Parker 

100 

Spaulding,  < '. 

Bheldon,  Pres. 

Sprague,  Aiden 

'.».-, 

Bhepard,  <  h 

264,  245 

Sprague,  A.  and  I'.. 

199 

Bhep  ird,  John  11. 

264 

Sprague,  (has.  a. 

Bhepley,  David 

245 

Sprague,  Edwin 

191 

Sheplej ,  John 

280,  564 

Sprague,J.   1  . 

198 

Shirley,  Arthur 

37,  55 

Sprague,  Wm. 

246 

Shirley,  B.  11. 

101 

Btackpole,  ('.  A. 

70 

Shirley,  J. 

37 

Stackpole,  James,  jr. 

104 

Bhorey,  11.  A. 

86,  ITT.  178 

Stanwood,  11.  \. 

64 

Bias,  Solomon 

264 

Starrett,  1  (avid 

281, 

Bibley,  John  L. 

246 

Btarrett,  1».  J. 

192 

Bimpson,  W.  II. 

:m.  160,  282 

Stearns.  Ashael 

Simpson,  \\ ,  ft. 

158 

,  O.  8.    t 

Bimpson,  W.  W  , 

160,  282 

Btebbins,  Horatio 

I'll.-. 

Bleeper,  W.  J. 

21  I 

Stephenson.  1'. 

265 

Smart,  1..  K.             \'2'< 

,  164,  195,  -J"T 

Stephens,  Ann  s. 

Smith,  A.  J. 

123 

Ste\  .      |,    \|'  I.     \nile 

246 

Smith,  1  »aiiiel  1  >. 

219,  264 

i  us.  Benjamin 

•J  1.   . 

Smith,  Mrs.  Elisabeth  0.       ■'>:.  :i  I 

lis.   J.    l.. 

Smith.  P.  O.  .1. 

1". 

Stevens,  Wm.  l 

1  11 

Smith,  Oilman 

,n,  i'.  B. 

208 

Smith,  Hem  \    B 

264 

Stetson  and  Joi 

206 

Smith.  .1     A 

Stiekney,  D. 

210,  212 

i.NDEX. 

311 

PAGE. 

■ 

PAGE 

Stowe,  Mrs.  Harriet  Beecher        246 

True,  N.  S. 

247 

Stone,  A.  P. 

69 

True,  N.  T. 

98,  123 

Stone,  Thomas  T. 

246,  26,3 

Tucker,  Samuel 

247 

Storer,  D.  H.     f 

Tucker,  William  P. 

226,  267 

Storer,  H.  G.     f 

Turner,  Chas. 

267 

Strackey,  William 

246 

Twombiy,  W.  H. 

191,294 

Streeter,  Russell 

66 

Tyler,  Bennett 

267 

Strout,  Mrs.  C.  W.  D. 

222,  266 

Tyler,  C.  C. 

147 

Strout,  S.  A. 

70 

Tyng,  William 

247 

Sullivan,  James 

246 

Sullivan,  Wm.     f 

Upham,  Thomas  C. 

227,  267 

Swallow,  G.  C.     § 

Upham,  Mrs.  Thos. 

C.                    247 

Sweetser,  Samuel 

218,  266 

Upton,  Horace 

132 

Sweetser,  Seth 

266 

Upton,  Elijah 

168, 177 

Swift,  J.  S.                      167 

178,  196 

Upton,  Samuel 

132,  161 

Swift,  Miss  Maggie 

246 

Symmes,  Thomas 

246 

Vaill,  Joseph 

267 

Symonds,  Wm.  L.     f 

Valentine,  Elliot 

247 

Vance,  J.  P. 

53 

Talbot,  George  F. 

156,  246 

Varney,  Geo.  J. 

296 

Talcott,  D.  Smith           246, 

266,  270 

Vaughan,  Benjamin 

231,  268 

Tappan,  A.  C. 

52,  109 

Vinton,  John  A. 

247,  268 

Tappan,  Benjamin,  sen. 

246 

Virgin,  Wm.  Wirt 

222,  230,  268 

Tappan,  Benjamin 

266 

Vose,  G.  L. 

296 

Teft,  Benjamin  F. 

266 

Vose,  Z.  P. 

192,  194 

Tenney,  A.  G. 

85,  170 

Thacher,  Stephen 

266 

Wait,  Thos.  B. 

33,  87,  281 

Thatcher,  B.  B. 

131,  246 

Walker,  Asa 

134 

Thatcher,  Geo. 

35 

Walker,  Geo.  Leon 

268 

Thayer,  A.  W. 

52,  54 

Walker,  Joseph 

268 

Thomas,  J.  L. 

62 

Walker,  John  B.  R. 

268 

Thornton,  J.  Wingate 

246 

Wallace,  Findley 

268 

Thurston,  Brown 

55 

Waldron,  W.  H." 

63,  84,  203,  297 

Thurston,  David 

246 

Ware  Ashur     f 

Thurston,  David,  sen. 

266 

Ward.  Jonathan 

268 

Thurston,  Eli 

266 

Ward,  Samuel  D. 

268 

Thurston,  Mrs.  Jane  P. 

266 

Warren,  Geo.  W. 

85,  278 

Thurston,  Richard  B. 

267 

Warren,  Wm. 

208,  222,  268 

Thurston  Stephen 

267 

Ware,  Joseph  A. 

Thwing,  Edward  P. 

267 

Washburn,  J.  C. 

151 

Titcomb,  Benjamin 

34 

Washburn, 

116 

Torrey,  J.  G.  and  Simpson 

166 

Wasson  and  Moor 

116 

Tour  of  Lafayette 

247 

Waters,  D.  J. 

112 

312 


THE    PRESS    "l     MAINE 


Wat)      .  !  .  P. 
W  toon,  ('.  M. 

.  M 
U'r.  rhou •.].!■. 
Webb,  Edwin  B. 
R     ks,  Win.  134, 

Welch,  A.  1". 

Mini  II.  230,  347, 

Wtils.  Mrs. 
Wells,  Geo.  W. 
Wills,  Walter 

Wellcome  L  ('.  and  Good,  C. 
u    jton, 

W     •  >n,  1'..  P.        5130,  347,  288, 
Weston,  Geo.  M. 
W<  iton,  Isaac 
w    iton,  J.  P. 

i.  Jonathan  D. 
W       'i,  Nathan 
W  •  iton,  s.  I{. 
W  .  Crosby  II. 

Wheeler,  Geo.  \. 

W  r.  Wm.  A.      > 

Wheeler,  Wm.  11.  34, 

Whetmore,  B.  P. 

Whipple,  Joshua 

Whipple,  Joseph  l-2'.i, 

Whitman,  Bzekiel 

Whitman.  JasOO  219, 

"Whitman.  Joseph 
Whitman,  W.    I'..    S.    ami 

True,  ('.  II.  101, 

Whitaker,  G.  If. 
Whitaker,  Nathaniel 
Whiting,  II.  I.. 

White,   0.    W. 

White,  i: 

Whit.',  William 
Wilder,  II. 
Willard,  Joseph    f 


11 
122 
138 

278 
292 
288 

247 
241 

.Y.i 

l't: 

96 

101 
247 

LM7 

101 

-  I 
278 

133 

ill 
248 
248 
248 
269 


247 
289 
289 
169 
198 

247 
283 


Willi..  Nathaniel 
Willis,  N.  P.     § 
Willis,  R.  S.     \ 
Willi,.  Sua  P.  (Fanny 

Willis.  William 
Williams.  Bfosefl   II. 

Williams,  M.  1'. 

Williams  N.  W. 
Williams,  Thomas 
Wflley.A. 

Willev,  Benjamin  G. 
Williamson,  Joseph 
William,. in.  Wm.  D. 
Winship,  Josiah 
Wines,  Ahijah 
Win-.  11.  L. 
Win-.  1».  K. 
Windsor.  John  II. 
Window,  1 ». 
Wise,  Jeremiah 
WisweU,  A.  I'. 
Witt.  Thus. 
Withered.  J.  P. 
Wood.  Mrs.      f 

w      i.  Joseph 

Woodman,  (  ,  I  . 
Woodman.  C\  rus 
Woodman.  Jabei  11. 

Woods,  I.<  onard 
Worth.  Edward 
Wortman, 
Wright,  N. 
Wyman,  Ass  S. 


pack. 


Fern)  273 
348 
389 
193 

90 

158,  161,  348 
381,  -i 

89,  168 
106 

.-.i 

119 
14fi 

109 
40 

■J  in 

238,  389 

348 

198 

.;: 
184 


\        .1.  M.  166 

P.  101 

1         ..  P.  •Jls.  389 

\    ing,  M      I     M ..  l !  d.  l  tstern 

Times,    Bath  IT  I 


INDEX 


TO  THE  HISTORY  OF  THE  PERIODICALS  OF  MAINE. 


tD3  Living  periodicals  are  designated  by  (L). 

ICP  Signature  37  it  is  necessary  to  prepare  and  print  stibsequenily  to  the  printing  of 
this  Index  ;  for  this  reason,  the  articles  which  we  shall  insert  between  the  pages 
284  and  293  will  be  referred  to  by  the  sign,  sig.  37,  placed  after  the  name. 


Advent  Review                  sig.  37 

Age 

95 

American 

62, 113 

American  Advocate 

88 

American  Citizen 

195 

American  Miscellany 

187 

American  Sentinel     (L) 

174 

Androscoggin  Free  Press 

83 

Annals  of  the  Times 

124 

Argus  Revived 

61 

Aroostook  Democrat 

210 

Aroostook  Herald 

212 

Aroostook  Pioneer     (L) 

209 

Aroostook  Times     (L) 

211 

Athenamm 

69 

Augusta  Courier 

97 

Augusta  Patriot 

92 

Bangor  Courier 

132 

Bangor  Daily  Commercial     (L) 

145 

Bangor  Daily  Evening  Times 

144 

Bangor  Daily  Journal 

142 

Bangor  Daily  Whig 

132 

Bangor  Daily  Whig  and  Courier 

(L)  132 

Bangor  Journal 

136 

Bangorean 

136 

Bangor  Daily  Union 

137 

Bangor  Democrat     (L) 

137 

Bangor  Gazette 

139 

Bangor  Daily  Mercury 

141 

Bangor  Post 

141 

Bangor  Register 

129 

Bangor  Weekly  Register 

128 

PAGE. 

Bates  Student    (L)  295 

Bath  Daily  Times     (L)  174 

Battle  Axe  sig.  37 

Bee  115 

Belfast  Advertiser    (L)  165 

Belfast  Intelligencer  161 

Bethel  Courier  123 

Biddeford  Herald  126 

Biddeford  Townsman  126 

Bluehill  Beacon  and  Hancock  County 

Journal  113 

Boundary  Gazette  and  Calais  Adver- 


tiser 
Bowdoin  Orient     (L) 
Bowdoin  Portfolio 
Bowdoin  Scientific  Review 
Bridgton  News     (L) 
Bridgton  Reporter 
Bridgton  Sentinel 
Brunswick  Journal 
Brunswicker 

Brunswick  Telegraph     ( L) 
Bugle  (B.  C.)     (L) 
Burr's  Fifty  Cent  Monthly 
Busy  Body 

Calais  Times     (L) 
Camden  Advertiser 
Camden  Herald     (L) 
Castine  Eagle 
Castine  Gazette     (L) 
Castine  Journal 
Christian  Intelligencer 


w 


149 

83,  283' 

292 

33 

86 

85 

86 

83 

84 

84 

292 

144 

101 


195 
294 
113 
278 
112 
66 


81  I 


I'll  l.    PRESS    "I     MAIN  I. 


Christian  Mirror    (/.) 

Christian  1'ilot 

Christian  Visit  nit 

'    ■ 

'  Harion 

Clipper 

Cold  Water  Fountain 

Colombian  5 

Common  School  Advocate 

( !oum u 

County  Record 
Courier 

Crescent 
Cryel  1 1 

Crucible    (/.) 
Cultivator  ami  <  lazettc 

Cumberlau 

Daily   \ •! \ t-rt i -i  r     (  /.) 

Dailj  \rL'us    (/.) 

Dailj  Bee 

Dailj  Commercial  Advertiser 

l  >  up.  ( lourier 

Dailj  I'.Miiing  Journal       / 

Daily  Kennebec  Journal      (/.) 

Daily  Ron] 
Duly  'rimes 
Dailj  ami  Wi-i  k  1  \   Mirror 

I >a\ hI's  Sling 

Democratic  tdvo< 

Democratic  <  llarion 

Di mo,  rat  and  Free  Press    (  /.) 

Democrat  Republican 

l  tamocr  itic  Somi  net  Repnblioan 

Dexter  Gazette    (/.) 

I  •      itch 

Dree  '■  Rural  Intelligent 


r  \'t 
38,  64 

1.1 
101 

199 
64 

119 

293 

89 

.;i 

39 
39 
I  11 
134 

'>:. 
10! 

I    • 

Ml 

I  ■ 
199 

l  I 
1  I., 
in: 
98 


I  \  i  /.) 

I      tern  B 

.  ( 'hrooicle 

I  iiin".  r.it 

n  I  armei 
i  I  reeman 

i  < .  il  iw  .mil  l  lei  ilil 

a  1  l<  r.il.l 

of  M 
i  Herald  and  Men  antile   \ 

rati 
i  i 

Light  101 

i  '■  !  |    .  , 

1  RopabUcaa 


i  19, 

I  i 


,51 

100 
150 
116 

li  ■ 


■  bad 

87, 

5       .Ti'l       i  A) 
i;,  i. 

Ellsworth  American    (/.) 

Ellsworth  Herald 

Enquirer  sig.  37 

■oir 

Evening  star 

Excelsior  sig.  37 

Experiment 

;tur 


108 

r  • 

117 
I 
115 
115 

82 
U) 

54 
140 


Fairfield  Chronicle    (I.) 

Falmouth   Gaiette  ami  Weekly    \d- 

W  r' 

Family  Instructor 
Family  Pioneer  and  Juvenile  K.  . 
Familj  Reader 
Farmington  Chron 
Farmer  and  M. 
ter 

Frank  1 

Franklin  Patriot 
I  rii-muiss  Friend 

Frontier  Journal 


189 


aer  tdvern' 
Oardinei  Sped  itor 

and  Advertiser 
tte  and  Inqnirer 

M  imr 

<  leniui 

( Minus  of  Temperance 

<  llenwood  \  alle]  Times 

'  ■ I  S 

•  I  15  inner    ( /.) 

II  ill.. m  il  (. 
ii  \    . . 

Hancock  Democrat 

k  Jonrnal 
Herald  of  Liberty 

Incorrigible 
Independent  <  lourier 

.  mliut  Journal 


S3 

68 
78 

198 
188,206 

I 

1..1 

101 
100 

1 

151 

i  : 

•"■: 
89 
l<«» 

98 


ill 

IK 
H 

101 

in 

i   i 


INDEX. 


315 


Independent  Statesman 
Investigator 


PAGE. 

52 
186 


Jacksonian  120, 207 

Jeffersonian  57,  120,  142 

Jeffersonian  Daily  Evening  News        143 

Journal  of  Education     (L)  69 

Journal  of  Reform  61 

Journal  of  the  Times  119 

Juvenal  Temperance  Watchman  84 

Juvenal  Key  77 

Juvenal  Magazine  159 

Kennebec  Courier  90 
Kennebec  Intelligencer                     87,  92 

Kennebec  Journal  92 

Kennebec  Reporter     (L)  103 

Kennebec  Transcript  102 

Kennebec  Gazette  275 

Kennebunk  Gazette  124 

Knox  Co.  Journal     (L)  205 

Knox  and  Lincoln  Patriot  127 

Laborer's  Journal  115 
Leader 

Leisure  Hours  296 

Lewiston  Gazette  207 
Lewiston  Herald                            206,  207 

Lewiston  Journal     (L)  203 

Lewiston  Republican  206 

Liberty  Standard  90 

Lime  Rock  Gazette  192 

Lincoln  Advertiser  111 

Lincoln  County  Republican  109 

Lincoln  Democrat  111 

Lincoln  Intelligencer  J 08 

Lincoln  Miscellany  193 

Lincoln  Patriot  111 
Lincoln  Telegraph                           108,  167 

Literary  Banner  297 

LiTermore  Falls  Gazette  207 

Loyal  Sunrise     (L)  212 

Machias  Union     (L)  155 

Mac hias  Republican     (  L)  156 

Maine  Baptist  Herald  74 

Maine  Democrat     (L)  125 

Maine  Evangelist  293 

Maine  Farmer     (L)  97 
Maine  Farmer  and  Political  Register  161 

Maine  Free  Press  164 
Maine  Gazette                                 113,166 

Maine  Intelligencer  73 


PAGE. 

Maine  Inquirer     167,     Enquirer  172 

Maine  Monthly  Magazine  136 

Maine  Normal  200 

Maine  Palladium  124 

Maine  Patriot  95 

Maine  Rural  102 

Maine  Sickle  193 

Maine  Standard     (L)  99 

Maine  Temperance  Advocate  178 

Maine  Wesleyan  Journal  67 

Mann's    American    Miscellany  and 

Family  Physician  186 

Mann's    Physician    and    Down  East 

Screamer  187 

Masonic  Journal  293 

Masonic  Token    (L)  69 

Mechanic  Falls  Herald  207 

Mechanic  and  Farmer  135 

Mercantile  Advertiser  126 

Morning  Star     (L)  127,280 

Monthly  News     (L)  295 

Motley  285 

Musical  Advertiser  200 

Musical  Journal  84,293 

Musical  Monitor    (L)  99 

National  Republican  192 

Nettle  101 

New  England  Farmer  100 

New  Planet  163 
Nonpareil                              sig.  37 

North-East    (L)  277 

Northern  Iris  82 

Northern  Home  Journal     (L)  102 

Northern  Light  148 

Northern  Monthly  277 

Northern  Statesman  114,  115 

Northern  Border    (L)  295 

North  Star  118 

North  Star     (L)  214 
Northern  Tribune  and  Eastern  Times  171 

Northern  Tribune  168 

Norway  Advertiser  119,  120 

Observer  63 

Oldtown  Index  145 

Once  a  Week  295 

Organ  172 

Oriental  Trumpet  36 

Orion  55 
Our  Young  Folks'  Illustrated  Paper  (L)  99 

Oxford  Democrat     (L)  120 


Oxford  Observer 


118,  120 


316 


INDEX. 


Oxford  Omrlo 

Oxford  I 


II  I 
I  J  J 


1               ■hist 

1                   aeman 

Penobscot  '  isxette 

1  .  • 

Penobacot  Journal 

1 

■ 

1     1 

1                 1    ••  r  try  Companion 

(L)       99 

1  ■            1  '  rg  .in 

171 

1         .!.-'s  l'n-si 

■ 

119 

1                  Herald 

B01 

1  server     (L) 

202 

Platform 

llii 

I              •    15... it 

69 

Politician 

hi- 

Political \<>*tnmi 

Portland  taWertkter    (/.) 

ss 

Portlander 

58 

Portland  Daily  Express 

69 

Portland  Daily  Presi    ( /.) 

Portland  <  rasette 

36 

Portland  Inquirer 

Portland  Press    (/.) 

40 

Portland  Transcript    (I.) 

58 

Portland  Tribune 

.".7 

I   ; 

Progn      ••    \.'   Evening  Bulletin       16-1 

Quarterly  Journal 

KB 

Radical 

in 

tor 

83 

Republican  Clarion 

1     • 

Republican  Journal    (/.) 

160 

i           Son 

•    llll 

mi  l  n  .  Press     ( /,) 

iv.; 

Rockland  Gaxette    (/.) 

ll- 

I      ell's  Be  ho 

ll:: 

Sabbatb  Scl 1  [nstructor 

Sandy  River  Parmer 

Sand)  River  \  •  om  in 

I 

ioc  Review 

r 

Scholar 

Orach       / 

110 

•  ntinel 

•    1       rinrr 

i 

Somerset  Journal 

i 

( /.) 

i 

Somem  I 

■  i  Telegraph 

i 

Spirit  <  ■u.irili.ui 

III 

PACE. 

/>  69 

F.ast  101 

192 

/ 

•   M  une  62 

'       irior 

Sunrise    (/.) 

r  rpb! 

I •    ■  17: 
Temperance  Journal 

104 

Thomaston  Journal  1 

Thorn  isto  i  Reg  iter  l'.'l 

Thomaston  Republican  19S 

Tocsin  87 

Toucb  •  106 

Tribune  Aaeotistioii  170 

Umpire  55 

Union  U        • 

Union  \                (L)  188 

Union  Banner 

I  inon  tnd  Journal     (A)  1  . 

United  States  Den 

Universalis!  l'alhulium  67 


\  i  I  I  . i  _-  *    - 

Sherman's  Mills) 

W  '   I  Vlllorr.lt 

Waldo  Patriot 

u 

\\         man 

W    •  n  illonian 

w    ■■  rrille  Mul    (/.) 

w  [ntelligencet 

lie  Journal 

lie  I  nion 
What   Not 

u  •  ■  I lerald 

VVorkingman'i   I 
VVorkingman'i  and  Peoph 
World  in  a  Nutahell 

Wr.ith 

Yankee 

\  Blade 

s       •  •  i    rmer 

York  County  Independent      I 

tor 

Youth's    Helper   and    Temperance 
Visitor      / 

Youth's  Monitor 

Youth's  Temper  / 

/.ion's  Advocate    (/.) 


119 

i  I 
im 
106 
106 
103 
106 
106 

293 
109 

67,  161 

I  I 

101,  106 

100 


<;i 

67 


CHRONOLOGICAL  TABLE. 


The  counties  of  the  State  and  the  towns 
the  benefit  of  the  News-press 

In  17S5  Cumberland  county, 

1794  Kennebec  " 
1798  Lincoln  " 
1793  Hancock  " 

1795  Oxford  " 
1805  York  " 
1815  Penobscot  " 
1818  "Washington  " 
1820  Waldo  " 
1820  Sagahahoc  " 
1823  Somerset  " 
1825  Knox  " 
1832  Franklin  " 
183S  Piscataquis  " 
1S47  Androscoggin  " 
1857  Aroostook  " 


in  the  respective  counties  received 
in  the  order  following. 


at  Portland ; 
Hallowell ; 
Wiscasset ; 
Castine ; 
Fryeburg ; 
Kennebunk ; 
Bangor ; 
Eastport ; 
Belfast; 
Bath ; 

Norridgewock ; 
Thomaston ; 
Farmington ; 
Dover ; 
Lewiston ; 
Presque  Isle 


see  p, 


Bailey  and  Noyes 
Berry,  lri  and  Stephen 
Bugbee,  D.  and  Co. 
Colesworthy,  D.  C. 
Colesworthy,  S.  H. 
Dresser  and  Ayer 
Duren,  E.  F. 
Goodale,  Glazier  and  Co. 


Bigelow,  William 
Cummings,  Asa 
Edes,  Peter 
Foster,  Newel  A. 
Griffin,  Joseph  W. 
Griffin,  George 
Heath,  A.  M.  C. 
Hopkins,  M.  R. 
Hyde,  William 
Lincoln,  James  M. 
Lynde,  John  H. 
Noyes,  Isaac  B. 


PUBLISHING    HOUSES. 
PAGE. 

220 

221 

231 
219,  220 

219 

222 
231,232 

229 


Griffin,  Joseph 
Hoyt,  Fogg  and  Breed 
Hyde,  Lord  and  Duren 
Loring,  Short  and  Harmon 
Masters  and  Livcrmore,  and 

Masters,  Smith  and  Co. 
Sanborn  and  Carter 
Thurston,  Brown 


IN  MEMORIAM. 

Shirley,  Arthur 
Smith,  Seba 
Severance,  Luther 
Sprague,  Chas.  A. 


158 
G5 


282 
78 
80 
102 
189 
218 
175 
318 
125 


33 
87 
107 
112 
118 
124 
128 
147 
15S 
166 
179 
191 
196 
201 
203 
209 


PAGE. 

223  —  228 

221,222 
217,  218 

222 

229,  231 
218 
221 


37 

51 

93 

282 


Tappan,A.  C.  52,109 

Titcornb,  Benjamin,  First  Printer       34 
Thayer,  A.  W.  53 

Wait,  T.  B.  35,  281 

Wheeler,  W.  H.  133 

Williamson,  Joseph  162 

Willis,  Sara  Pay  son  (Fanny  Fern)    272 


41 


oIFOE 


B18 


Til!!    PRESS    OF    MA  IN  E 


IN  MEM0BTA1I. 
Mr.  John  II    I  I  '  wii  born  at  Pomfp  I 

W  5    l.yndc, 

found  on  pi:     1  He  acquired  a 

knowledge    of  the    art    ol    printii  :<cr    office    at    A 

I  he   and  Mr.  William   II.   W  ebec  Journal,    purchased 

•  iblishmenl  •  n   on    page 

133.     I 

I  >n  the 

of  chronic  cere- 
orron  at  the  Iom  nutained  by  the  commu- 
nity has  gone  forth  from  a  large  number  of  the  editorial  corps. 


INDEX  TO  THE  SUPPLEMENT. 

ID*  All  names  In  tl  ils  to  which  reference  is 

..  and  the  number  of  the 
wore   both    rc-irr.ingcd    to  add  new 
nnt:  printed,  thu  I    e  references 

incorrect. 

nOBS  AND  KDITOBS. 


FACE. 

U. 

■    -   B 

Balkam.  1  Iriafa 

Elwcll,  E.  II. 

W.  II. 

.  1'.  E. 

Fuller,  B    \.  G. 

' 

Brown  J.  1 .. 

Id,  E.  E. 

.1    M. 

1     II. 

Brown,  P   II 

II,  Eld  J. 

M. 

1 
'•   1 
lin,  G.  11. 

■  .    \V 

I  . 

(1  irk.  1 

-    \\. 

I,D.  1 

Hill,  i 

u  . 
ii           John 

303 

(limn, 

Cuuimingi  and  M  1 

Johnston,  John 

Darling  \ 

.  J,  U  . 

i     ijah 

Y 

\ 

ad  .Niarblc 

I          d  and  s«itt 

300 

Drummood,  J. 

804, 

IBS,  -  ■ 

Lyiui.  .  J    II 

318 

INDEX. 


319 


Lynde,  J.  S. 

Magoun,  Geo.  F. 
Mason,  Javan  K. 
McKenney,  H.  A. 

Newman,  T.  W. 
Nichols,  Thos. 

Oak,  J.  M. 
Owen,  Moses 


PAGE. 

133,  304 

258,  280,  203 

303 

70,  206 

89,90,91,  173,295 
298 

301 
243,  303 


Packard,  A.  S.,  sen.    22G,  2G0,  302,  303 

Pearl,  Cyril  217,  2G1,  294. 

Perry,  J.  W.  295,301 

Pickard,  C.  W.  59,  29G 

Pickard,  S.  T.  59,  295 

Pierce,  Marshall  29G,  298,  304. 

Plummer,  Edwin  59.  1 19,  295 

Pratt,  Henry  P.  149,182,297 

Rccd,C.  E.  301 

Remich,  James  K.  279,297 

Richardson,  H.  W.  33.41 
This  name  icas  omitted  in  the  General 

Index  by  oversight. 

Riddell,  Wm.  303 

Robbins,  L.  M.  391 


Sanford,  L.  W. 
Sewall,  Henry 

Smith,  E.  Oakes 
Smith,  Gamaliel  E. 


209 
303 

54,  245,  303 
207,  303 


PAGE. 

Smith,  Jos.  S.  300 

Smith,  Seba  54,245,303 

Smyth,  Wm.  22G,  2G5 

Snow,  B.  P.  29G 

Soule,  J.  P.  L.  203 

Stetson,  C.  B.  20G,  303 

Stevens,  C.  A.  303 

Swallow,  G.  C.  204,311 

Tefft,  B.  F.  2GG,  301 

Thorndike,  B.  F.  295 

Thurston,  Brown  55,  294 

Thurston,  Stephen  304 

T wombley,  W.  H.  19 1 ,  294,  300 

Varney,  Geo.  J.  303 

Vosc,  Geo.  L.  303 

Waldron  and  Dingley  293 

Waldoboro'  303 

Walker,  M.  B.  294 

Watson,  Marcus  120,298 
Webster,  Stephen  and  Clement        297 

Welch,  A.  P.  302 
Weston,  E.  P.     220,  247,  2G8,  277,  293, 
295,  303 

Wheeler,  Wm.  A.  299, 304 

White,  James  299 

Whitman,  A.  G.  301 

Willey,  Austin  90,  295 

Wiswell,  L.  298 

Wood,  J.  M.  298 


NEWSPAPERS. 


Advertiser  and  State     (L)  29G 

Advocate  of  Freedom  294 

Bates  Student    (L)  299 

Battle  Axe  295 

Bowdoin  Portfolio  293 

Camden  Herald    (L)  300 

Clipper    (L)  299 

Crucible     (L)  301 

Crystal  294 

Eagle  300 

Eastern  Star  297 


Enquirer 

29G 

Expositor 

298 

Excelsior 

300 

Knox  County  Journal 

w 

301 

Leisure  Hours     (L) 

300 

Maine  Evangelist 

298 

Maine  Freewill  Baptist  Repository 

297 

Maine  Recorder 

297 

298 

Masonic  Journal 

294 

Monthly  News     (L) 

300 

Motley 

292 

320 


Til  E    PRESS  OF   M  A  1  N  E. 


I  and  Masonic  Journal 
.1  Journal 

I  il  Republican 
r«-il 

Northern  Border    -  I  301 

Oncc-a-Wcek  299 

Pejepscot  Journal 

Religious  Magazine 

Review  and  Herald  of  the  Sabbath  299 


PAGE. 

Scholar's  Leaf 

publican  298 

/  302 
-tcr  and  Farmer's 

•  ilanv  299 

Wasbingtonian  Banner  298 

vtiazette  298 

What  Not  299 

Yankee  Farmer  297 

fork  County  Herald  297 


.  obbei  i  roire. 

HoRATIO  Kim;,  mentioned  as  I'  ■  ■  neral  on  page  57.  was  appointed  to 

that  offi  >•  in  Feb  .  I8G1,  !'  '•'  h  M.  G.  Oil  various  occasions  during 

the  pr.  The  Standard  I  on  same  parre.  Mr.  Kin 

was  published  some  time  before  the  demise  of  i  ua  ;  the  1  itter  establish- 

ment was  purchased  by  the  proprietors  of  the   former.    On  same  page.  John  F. 
Hartley  should  app<  tant  S  of)  ell.S    I-'  tfury. 

I     V  Ji  oka  '■      drowned  July  \2.  1C07. 
313.  Alb  urier  insert  /.. 

Baeo. 
Page  G2.    The  American  at  Portland  was  established  in  1841. 

124. 'J  -  ml  published 

two  rtland  and  published  until  1809. 

The    M  i  ne    Palladium   commi  ■  -   .  and  waa 

merged  in  the  Kennebunk  Gazette  Jan.  15,   1831. 

1  rd  made  it«  Bral  appearance  in  1858. 

rn  Journal. 
The  I  nion  i  i  d  by  lire  in 

oH  ol.  II. 
1  i  I  .T  Rtmick  real  liimich. 


*.*  our  \\Mik  Is  now  ended.  The  field  over  which  we  bare  passed  has 
been  to  a  i  onstderable  extent  new,— man]  parts  of  it  pleasant  to  contemplate, 
Ii  has  been  shown  to  be  larger  than  most  persons  had  conceived.  The  diffi- 
culties enc  tuntered,  and  the  amounl  of  labor  that  has  been  performed,  none 
can  estimate  i>«it  those  who  have  been  engaged  In  similar  undertakings.  Pe» 
cuniary remuneration  bas  nevei  i  itheringup  these 

ots  and  putting  them  in  print  we  hare  promoted  the  honor  of  those 
f.-r  whom  we  have  specially  labored,—  authors,  editors,  journalists,  publish- 
rinters,— and  rendered  some  service  to  posterity)  our  object  is  accoin- 
pilshed,  OUT  Compensation  SUbstai  .i    < ,  17,  1^74, 


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